CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING (CHN-REVIEWER)

SAS1

1.The PHNs’ responsibility of care is the:

Ans: C - focus on the community as the unit of care. The nurse’s responsibility is to the community as a
whole.

2. The focus of the PHNs’ activities is:

Ans: A - In selecting appropriate activities, focus on primary prevention. Emphasis is given on strategies
to promote optimal health and prevent disease and disability.

3. Greatest benefit requires coordination among:

Ans: D - health is a product of multiple determinants. For this reason, the nurse has to work with a
variety of sectors, including the community itself, in resolving issues that affect health.

4. Which of the following describes a rural community?

Ans: B - rural area usually small and the occupation of people is usually farming, fishing and food
gathering. It is people by simple folks characterized by primary group relation, well-knit and having high
degree of group feeling.

5. In order to promote optimum use of resources, the PHN must promote:

Ans: A - limited health resources are best used for strategies that will produce long term effects, taking
ethical principles into consideration. Results are studies on best practices in community health should be
disseminated and utilized where applicable.

6. These are the tools necessary to determine the needs of the community as a whole:
Ans: C - community health nurse has to marry skills in nursing process with population. Focused skills to
produce greatest benefit for majority of the community. Nurse uses assessment tools such as
demographics and vital statistics to determine the health needs of community as whole.

7. It is a type of community that has high density of people and has both agriculture and manufacturing
industry:
Ans: C - Rurban is a combination of a rural and an urban community

8. Which among the following describes an urban community? (Select all that apply)
Ans: B, D - Urban community is high density, a socially homogenous population and complex structure,
non-agricultural occupation; something different from an area characterized by complex interpersonal
social relations.

9. A healthy community:
Ans:  B - A healthy community has mechanisms that assure all citizen a decent way of life, like
recognition and respect for subgroups make this possible, general feeling of empowered and control
over matters that affects community as whole and participate in decision making in community matters.

1o. A healthy city is one that:

Ans: A, B,D - A healthy city is one that is continually provides basic sanitation and hygiene needs, access
to health care and creates health supportive environment through recreational activities. Option C
disables people develop to their maximum potential. To dole out means inhibiting community's
capability to reach their potential.

SAS2

1. If represents the core that makes up the community

Ans: A - People

2. the patterned series of interrelationships existing between individuals, groups, and institutions and
forming a coherent whole.
Ans: B – Social system

3. A sub-system component that affects health due lack of understanding

Ans: B – Educational

4. It provides leisure to the people of the community:

Ans: D – Recreation, recreational areas will provide entertaining activities.

5.A sub-system component that produces the people and secure their psychological and physical safety
Ans: A - Fire and safety aims to protect the physical and psychological safety of the people of the
community.

6. What is true to an individual in a social system?

Ans: B,C,D - Options B, C and D, an individual may carry out several roles and at the same time may
serve several roles in the social system. As member of the social system, he/she will be affected by the
social system components either positively or negatively. Option A, this statement is not true. An
individual wears different roles. It can be that he/she is a parent, breadwinner and many others.

7.This statement is true to the organizations within the social system:

Ans: C - the composite part of the social system of the community affects and interacts with one
another. These interaction, patterns and communication are the bases in which organizations are
formed.

8.It is part of social system and considered of central importance because of its role in health promotion
and maintenance and risk reduction:
Ans: D - health care delivery system is the one responsible in maintaining health and protecting the
people from diseases. Although health is multifactorial in nature, it is the health care delivery system
that is responsible and accountable.
9.To determine the root cause of deaths in the community, the PHN must assess the:
Ans: C - determining the root cause of deaths in the community requires assessment how well the
health care system is functioning.

10.Primary group in a society:

Ans: B – Family

SAS 3

1.Which of the following best describes the relationship of community to health?

Ans: C - Businesses and commercial investments affect health outcomes but it does not mean that all
positive health outcomes will be achieved. Community members who actively join civic activities will
have a strong mental health. Lesser resources will affect the economy of the community, thus in turn
affecting family income.

2.As partners in health, community must:

Ans: D - community health worker responsible to hand by hand in work in community in mitigate
health disparities, increase access to care, improve quality of care and lower healthcare costs and
problems.

3.In order to improve community services, people in the community must

Ans: B – provide the FEEDBACK SYSTEM

4.People in the community shiws cooperation when they:

Ans:  A
Rationale: People in the community shows cooperation when they actively join in the community's
activities.

5.Hospital becomes the substitute of the community for:

Ans: D – Restoration of health

6.Community in terms of health acts as center of : (select all that apply)

Answer: A, B and D
Rationale: Options A and B are primary levels of care which is offered by the community. Additionally,
Option C is a function of the community after the client is discharge from the hospital. Option C, cannot
be rendered by the community but rather in a hospital with critical care system.

7. Hospital becomes the substitute of the community for:

Ans: D (Restoration of health)
Rationale: Once a sick individual needs remedies that is beyond the capacity of the community, hospital
takes charge until the sick individual recovers.

8. Which among the following is not a responsibility of hospital?

Ans: D
Rationale: Community improvement is not a responsibility of the hospital. However, as the hospital
restore health, treat diseases and promote health, the health of the community will improve the status
of the community.

9.In community organizing in relation to community development:

Ans: B involves people participation in community
Rationale: Option B is an example of civic participation which will strengthen relationships. Option A is
an example of the physical attributes of the community. Option C and D are examples of developing
economy.

10. The goal of improving infrastructure of the community:

Answer – B
Rationale: Infrastructure pertains to the physical attributes of the community like streets, parks and
other recreational areas which aims to improve sense of safety and security and social interactions.
Options A and D are the goals of business and commercial investment. Option C is the goal community
mobilization

SAS 4

1.Which among the following describes culture (select all apply)

Ans: A,B,D - Culture is shared beliefs, values and life ways. It predicts social patterns among group of
people. Culture directs behavior and moral-ethical decisions.

2.Obesity among filipinos is common and highly attributed to (select all apply)
Ans: A, B – Hospitality and faith & religiosity

3.Filipinos tend delay to see a doctor if they are not feeling well. This kind of attribute is highly influence
by what culture. (select all apply)
Ans: A, B – Bahala na and faith & religiosity

4. Filipino Nurses are known for their resilience. Resiliency is shown by:
Answer: B (hardworking even underpaid
Rationale: Filipino nurses during difficult times continue to work even they are not receiving the right
treatment.

5.One of the challenges among PHNs is the geographical location of the community they serve.
Nonetheless, they work willingly with the people. This attitude is highly related to what filipino culture?
Answer: A and D (malasakit & hard work and industriousness
Rationale: Filipino nurses genuinely cares and values work as they value other people

6. Filipino express their minds through arts. 

Answer: A (pagkamalikhain)
Rationale: Option A reflects the creativity of Filipinos. Option B pertains to caring attitude. Option C is
reflected by Filipinos’ attitude towards problem. Option D is the caring attitude of Filipinos to visitors.

7.Most of the Filipino families are extended type. This best explain by what culture:
Answer: A – family oriented
8. Shiela slipped on the stage. However, she exclaimed loudly "kaya ninyo yon" (can you do it?) The
audience clapped their hands for her gesture. This kind of culture is reflected by:
Answer: C
Rationale: Joy and humour is best express not only by smiling and laughing but ability to turn negative
into positive just like what Shiela did.

9.Filipinos are known by their piyestas (feasts). Each place in the philippines celebrates their town feasts
in relation to their patrons. Moreover, even stranger visiting their places are being fed and warmly
accepted. This culture is known as:
Answer: C (hospitality)
Rationale: Option C refers to the Filipinos’ attitude in welcoming visitors and even surprise visitors.

10.Which among the following poses great danger to the PHN?

Answer: D
Rationale: When an area is being claimed by several rebels, it is more likely that there are threats of
danger.

SAS 5

1.which among the statement below describes span of control as an organizing principle?
Answer: D
Rationale: Option A pertains to division of work. Option B refers to coordination. Option C depicts unity
of command.

2. which among the following are reasons why nurses managers should evaluate their staff.
Answer: A, B and D
Rationale: Options A, B and D are correct. Option C, evaluation aid the nurse manager’s coaching and
counselling. It is not the employee who will coach and counsel but it is the nurse manager.

3.These are example of grave offense

Answer: A and D
Rationale: Options A and D are example of grave offense. Option B, when sickness or disability is due to
vicious habits, then it becomes a grave offense. Being sick or disable because of sickness is not an
offense. Option C is an example of less grave offense.
MATCHING TYPE:
4. Designing the organization
Answer: B (organizing)

5. Motivating people
Ans: D (leading)

6. Setting the standard

Ans: E (controlling)

7. Getting and developing people for the unit

Ans: C (staffing)

MATCHING TYPE
8. Pursuit of private business
Ans: C (light offense)

9. Refusal to render overtime

Answer: C (light offense)

10. Falsification of documents

Ans: A (grave offense)

SAS 6

1.PHN Grace is designing the program evaluation. She included the five dimensions. To address the
dimensions, Grace must ask the following questions EXCEPT:
Answer: D
Rationale: The WHO suggested five dimensions of program performance that could be the evaluated:
relevance, progress, effectiveness, impact and efficiency. To address these dimensions, the evaluator
should review the program context and objectives. The questions that need to be answered at this point
are: what should be evaluated? What indicators should be used? Option D aims to collect the data which
is the third step of Program evaluation.

2.The program evaluated was found to be effective. What should be the recommendations?
Answer: D
Rationale: Once the program is found to be effective it should be continued and/or applied to another
client group, given similar circumstances. Options A, B and C are the recommendations if there program
is found to be irrelevant.
3. Evaluators’ sometimes faced poor quality of available data. In order to minimized if not prevented,
the PHN must:
Answer: A, B, C and D
Rationale: To generate accurate and reliable data. It is important to do file testing to the data collection
method and tools and data collectors must be trained. Addressing the concern of poor quality data must
be done during the planning stage to lessen if not prevented.

4.  An indicator that reflects what is to be achieved.

Answer: A
Rationale: Option A, an indicator is valid if it actually reflects what it is intended to reflect or if it
measures what is supposed to measure. Option B, reliability is present if it lends itself to measurement
with minimum error. Option C, objectivity is met when it is not influenced by personal biases. Option D,
if it is sensitive to the given situation.

5. Which among the following objectives is properly constructed ?

Answer: B
Rationale: The only statement which is SMART. Option A lacks time frame. Option C and D are examples
of criteria. The following items 1-3, test your knowledge in formulating criteria based from the outcome.
Select all possible criteria in relation to the outcome.

6. Outcome: the family is able to provide nursing care to the sick member of the family. The family is
able to:
Answer: A, B and C
Rationale: Options A, B and C are correct, geared towards the outcome. Option D, all treatments to be
rendered must be appropriate and approved by the healthcare worker to avoid further problems.

7. Outcome: The family is able to maintain an environment conductive to good health and personal
development.
Answer: A, B, C and D
Rationale: All options will help achieve the outcome

8. The family is able to maintain reciprocal relationship with the community and health institution the.
The family is able to:
Answer: A, B and C
Rationale: Options A, B and C are criteria that are geared towards the outcome. Option D is incorrect,
family must join activities even without request

9. Objective: After one month,the family will be able to take care of the malnourished child.The family
will able to:
Answer: A, B and D
Rationale: Options A, B and D are correct. Option C, the food to be given must be based on agreed-upon
quality and quantity of food and not is what readily available.

10. Objective: During home visit, Mr. Jaime will be able to collect a good sputum sample for microscopy.
Me. Jaime collects the sputum specimen as instructed:
Answer: A B and C
Rationale: Options A, B and C will result to a good sputum sample collection. However, it must be placed
in covered sterile container, thus Option D is incorrect.

SAS 7

1. The health status of the community is a product of the various interacting elements such as:
Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The health status of the community is a product of the various interacting elements such as:
Population; Physical and topographical characteristics; Socio-economic and cultural factors; Power
structure within the community.

2.This shows the size, composition and geographical distribution of the population:
Answer: A
Rationale: Option A describes the demographic profile. Option B pertains to social, economic and
cultural indicators. Option C indicates the causes of illness and deaths in the community. Option D
mirrors the sensitivity of the government to the people’s struggle.

3. The following are indicatives of the social status of the community: (Select all that apply)
Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: These are the following indicatives of the social indicators.
Option B (Poverty income level) is not included in social indicators it is included in Economic indicators.

4.These variables help determine the delivery of health services: (select all apply)
Answer: B, C (manpower population ratio and categories of health services available)

5. These are variables that may break up people into groups within the community:
Answer: A, B and D
Rationale: Classes or groups among people are influence by social indicators (educational level),
economic status and culture. Although people’s environment is influence by their social classes, some
people may live in one community and share similar physical characteristics of the community.

6.The following is NOT an environmental indicator:

Answer: D
RATIO: Types of industry present is not an environmental indicator.
The environmental indicators is a physical/geographical/topographical characteristic of the community,
water supply, waste disposal and air, water and land pollution.

7. This variable can indicate the poverty that exist and may reflect on health perception and utilization
pattern of the community:
Answers: C
Rationale: The education level affects how one perceives and utilizes health. Option A is a social
indicator. Option B is an economic indicator, although Option B indicates if poverty exists, it may not
reflect health perception and utilization pattern directly. Option D may suggest health hazards not
health perception and utilization pattern.

8.This is indicator is necessary for disseminating health information or facilitating referral of clients to
the healthcare system:
Answer: A
Rationale: Communication network whether formal or informal is necessary for dissemination health
information or referral. Option B presents the road networks necessary for accessibility of health to
people. Option C affects one’s understanding and compliance to health care services.

9. This is a vital element in achieving the goal of a high level wellness among the people.
Answer: D
Rationale: Leadership largely influences how health service will be delivered to the people. It reflects
the action potential of the state and its people to address the health needs and problems of the
community. Options A, B and D will be affected on how politics run in a community.

10. The following describes the political or leadership pattern of the community:(select all that apply)
Answer: B and D
Rationale: Options B and D and conditions/events/issues that cause social conflict/upheaval and power
structures in the community are areas assess to describe the political or leadership pattern of the
community. Option A is an economic indicator. Option C is a health resource.

SAS 8

1.The nurse is about to prepare a data presentation. Knowing there are only three categories and she
wanted to show the breakdown, she will likely use what type of graph?
Answer: B
Rationale: Option B, pie chart or proportional or component bar graph shows breakdown of a group or
total where the number of categories is not too many. Option A, bar graph shows trend data or changes
with time or age with respect to some other variable. Option C, scattered diagram presents correlation
data for two variables. Option D, histogram is a graphic presentation of frequency distribution or
measurement.

2. Nature of the problem

Answer: A
Rationale: Option A, health status may be described in terms of increased or decreased morbidity,
mortality, fertility or reduced capability for wellness. A 70% of school-age have ascariasis depicts
increased morbidity. Option B, health resources problems refers to lack or absence of manpower,
money, materials or institutions necessary to solve health problems. Option C, health related pertains to
the existence of social, economic, environmental and political factors that aggravate the illness-inducing
situations in the community.

3. Score to be given if nature problem is health resource?

Answer: B
Rationale: Option B, health resources scores 2. Nature of the problem can be Option A, health status
and the score is 3. Option C, health-related scores 1. Option D, there is no score of zero (0) given to the
nature of the problem.

4. Perception and readiness of the population to act to the problem

Answer: D
Rationale: Option D, social concern reflects how people in the community perceive and act regarding a
problem. Option A, magnitude of the problem refers to severity of the problem and measured in terms
of the proportion of the population affected by the problem. Option C, preventive potential pertains to
the probability of controlling or reducing the effects pose by the problem.

5. Among the criteria in priority setting, this criterion weighs the highest?
Answer: C
Rationale: Option C weighs 4, Option A weighs 1, Option B weighs 3, Option D weighs 1

MATCHING TYPE
6. Oral health
Answer: C

7.Workplace
Ans: A

8. Neglect:
Ans: B
9.Role change
Ans: B

10.Sanitation
Ans: A

Environmental – income, sanitation, residence, safety (workplace/neighbourhood)

Psychosocial – communication with community resources, social contact, role change, interpersonal
relationship spirituality, grief, mental health, sexuality, caretaking/parenting, neglect, abuse, growth and
development
Physiological – hearing, vision, speech and language, oral health, cognition, pain, consciousness, skin,
neuromuscuskeletal functions
Health related – nutrition, sleep and rest patterns, physical activity, personal care, substance abuse,
family planning, health care supervision, medication regimen

SAS 9

Computation:
1. Natural increase = 297000

2. Rate of natural increase = 124.74

3. Absolute increase per year = 1214000

4. Relative increase = 0.509869803

5. Sex ratio = 75.38949

MATCHING TYPE
6. F- Sex Ratio

7. E- Relative increase

8. B- Rate of Natural Increase

9. A- Natural Increase

10. C- Absolute Increase per year

 SAS 10

Computation
1. Crude Birth Rate= 182.11

2. CDR= 23.03

3. What is the index killing power of dengue cases?

Answer (1.28)
 
4. What is the risk of exposure of the population to dengue?
Answer (54.95)

5. What is the index of the obstetrical care needed and received by women in a community?
Answer (2.5)

MATCHING TYPE
6. Antibiotic treatment before surger
Answer: A (Primary)
Ratio: Antibiotic treatment is an example of primordial prevention which falls under Primary prevention

7. Community quarantine
Answer: A (primary)
Ratio: Community quarantine aims to interrupt chain of infection through less movement. This action is
an example of primary prevention.

8. Case finding
Answer: B (Secondary)
Ratio: Secondary prevention aims to identify health problem at the earliest possible time and case
finding is an example of an activity in disease prevention

9. Workshops
Answer: C (tertiary)
Ratio: Workshops aim to develop skills brought by sickness. Hence, this action falls under Tertiary
prevention.

10. 10. Art therapy

Answer: C (tertiary)
Ratio: Art therapy aims to convert unwanted actions into more acceptable one. This action falls under
Tertiary prevention.