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IV.

CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES TO REGIONALISM


 THE MOST SERIOUS CHALLENGES FOR TODAY’S REGIONALISM:
 Resurgence of militant nationalism and populism
NATIONALISM
 It is when people of the country believe that what their country is
doing is right and people objecting and considering unconditionally.
Example: Refusal to dismantle NATO after the collapse of the
Soviet Union has become the basis of the anti-NATO rhetoric of
Vladimir Putin in Russia.
 Certain factors when countries become more affluent, their
residents get more liberal, more open to other groups.
 The rule
 Darwinian Competition
 Income Distribution
 Low Social Cohesion
 Mass Media and The Internet
 International Politics
POPULISM
 The most crisis-ridden regional organization of today is the
European Union.
 Continuing financial of region is forcing countries like Greece to
consider leaving the Union to gain more flexibility in their economic
policy.
 It is defined as a political movement claiming to represent the
common people, acting as a juxtaposition of a corrupt political
class, elite or establishment.
 The European Debt Crisis in 2008 may be partially attributed with
the rise of populism

 Sacrificing sovereignty for the sake of regional stability


 Association’s link with the East Asia has been problematic
 This is a challenge as no country would one to sacrifice their
sovereignty.
Example: the recent issue of the Philippines and China over the
occupation of the West Philippine Sea. ASEAN countries also
disagreed over how to relate to China. But the opposition happened
because of the dramatic increase of Chinese investments and
economic aid to some of the numbers of the ASEAN.
 “Participatory regionalism” clashed with ASEAN’s policy of non-
interference
 Differing visions of what regionalism should be for
 Western governments may see regional organizations not simply
as economic formations but also as instruments of political
democratization.
 Non-Western and developing societies may have different view
regarding to globalization, development, and democracy.
 Singapore, China, and Russia may see it as an obstacle to the
implementation and deepening of economic globalization.

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