Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Vocab C2
Vocab C2
Vocab
Compulsive Obsessive
Constraints Hold down/ force
Itineraries Plan of travel
Recollection Memory
Hefty big
Buffeted Hit repeatedly
Extenuating Serving as an excuse
Invigorating stimulating
Succumb Die or surrunder
Lore Myths / traditional wisdom
Obsolete No longer in use / in vogue
Render Contribute / deliver
Rage Extreme anger
Bliss Happiness
Incredulity Surprise
Dejection Sadness
Sorrow Sadness
Terror Fear
Revulsion Disgust – hatred
Loathing Disgust
Tedium/apathy Boredom
Dread Fear
Inexhaustible Unlimited
Unassertive Simple/humble
Assertive Aggressive/confident
Instantaneous Immediate / rapid
Dispose Deal with
Unceasingly On and on
Riots Disorder / disturbance
Likelihood Possibility
Jeopardized endanger
Unstinting generous
Endearing lovable
Penultimate final
Savour Taste / flavour / enjoy (verb)
Devour Swallow / consume
Relish Admire / appreciate
Implements Tools
Inventory List
Effeminacy Female like behaviour : used to show
disapproval
Fastidious Extra careful
Transgression Sin
Proliferate Spread
In vouge Fashionable
Perpetuate Maintain
Verge Extremity / limit
Deemed Constantly
Perpetually Constantly
Bound Obligated ( has to be)
Put forward Introduce / announce / recommend
Brought out Expose / highlight
Devised Come up with ( bedacht)
Converge gather
Rally Reorganize / unite
Sequel Conclusion / follow-up
Upshot End result
Equated Balance / associate
Austere Streng
Inflation Increase / swelling
Sceptical / scepticism Doubt / doubtful , disbelieving
Aspiration Goal / hope
Meanness The quality of being mean
Composed Calm
Comprised Consist of
Flung Dump / throw with abandon
Trickled Slow movement of water
Crept Crawl along
Wade Splash / paddle
Teemed Overrun / full
Outwardly To all appearances
Embellish Make beautiful / decorate
Implausible Not likely / impossible
Aptitudes Tendency / vaardigheden
Obscure Not easily understood / ambiguous
Speculate Think about deeply and theorize
Forgone Predestined
Providing As long as
Lucid Obvious / easily understood
In all likelihood Chance of something happening
Hither To this place
Hitherto Previously / up to this time / until now
Intuition Insight / ability of having such direct
perception or quick insight
Merited Earned
Mundane Ordinary
Disincentive Obstacle
Fatuous Stupid
Florid Very elaborate
Glaring Unconcealed
Pivotal Important
Ubiquitous Ever -present
Banal Stupid
Contempt Disrespect
Dismissive Lack of interest
Inscrutable Hidden / mysterious
Temperament Personality
Adequate Enough
Veracity Truth
Endure Go through
Integrity Honor
Fiddling Mess with
Consensus General agreement
Grim Hopeless
Recession Bankruptcy
Controvert Appose / argue
Conventional Normal / common
Absorption intake
Foster Support
Trepidation Anxiety
Decisively Absolutely
Ostentatious Classy / showy
Deceit Cheat / fraud / bluffing
Morbid person Person or their interest in something
as morbid, you mean that they are very
interested in unpleasant things, especially
death
Pompous person arrogant or conceited. He'll walk into a party
with an inflated ego, ready to tell anyone
who will listen that "I'm kind of a big deal."
Today we associate the
adjective pompous with self-important jerks
occur to dawn on
pester Painful
Including Down to
Whim impulse / sudden idea
Evaluate Weigh up
Extent Scope / amount / degree
contention claim / argument
essentially Inherently
Philosophical Calm
Domesticity
Kinship Family relationship
Fibrous Hairy
Exquisite Beautiful
Pulpy Soft
Foregone conclusion Pretty certain
Approximation Is used for a piece of guesswork
acquaintance is for a person who you only know slightly
link can be used with between but in the sense
of two things having something in common
Issue , stamp, spring The idea of come from
An idea can stem from or spring from
A declaration is issued
expand a language may expand
enlarge you can enlarge a photograph
Phrases with COME
Come around / come round you eventually change your mind and
accept it or agree with it. It looks like they're
coming around to our way of thinking.
To come in sympathy 1. to move towards a specified person
or place. ...
2. to arrive by movement or by making
progress.
3. to become perceptible. ...
4. to occur in the course of time. ...
5. to exist or occur at a specific point in
a series. ...
6. to happen as a result.
-Don’t take any notice of what Sue says , she is in a bad mood
Well there’s a surprise – I never thought Well that’s a turn up for the books – I never
he’d get a girlfriend thought …
He expresses himself well He has a nice turn of phrase
He went scarlet when she asked him to He turned as red as a beetroot when …
dance
From 1900 we see a change in attitudes From the turn of the last century , we see..
towards the countryside
I didn’t know what to do when the airline I didn’t know which way to turn when the
told me they’d lost my luggage airline …
I couldn’t sleep last night for worrying I tossed and turned all last night
My dad was ill in hospital but he’s suddenly But he’s suddenly taken a turn for the
improved so he’ll be home at the weekend better and …
Muriel wasn’t the least bit put out when we Muriel didn’t turn a hair when…
told her the awful news
Now , everyone must wait to have a go with Now , everyone must take it in turns to
the new computer game have a go
Prepositional phrases
In the region of about (The staff pay rise was in the region
of 3%)
On the ground that because ( the judge closed the club on the
ground that there was too much noise being
made)
PREFIX
In tune with / out of tune with If you are in tune with a group of people, you are in
agreement or sympathy with them. If you are out
of tune with them, you are not in agreement or
sympathy with them. Today, his change of direction
seems more in tune with the times.
Have a lot on your plate Have a great deal (or too much) to cope
with
Put all your eggs in one basket Don't Put All your Eggs in One
Basket. Meaning: This is a piece of advice
which means that one should not
concentrate all efforts and resources
in one area as one could lose everything.
Have bigger fish to fry Having bigger fish to fry means that you
had better turn your attention to something
that is more important.
Sweeten the pill make an unpleasant or painful necessity
more palatable.
Take sth with a pinch of salt to not completely believe something that
you are told, because you think it is unlikely
to be true
Sell like hot cakes be sold quickly and in large quantities.
"the tickets are selling like hot cakes"
The rest is history You are sure that people know what
happened next
Burn a hole in your pocket Have money that you want to spend
Phrasal verbs
Break up
Catch up with
Cheer sb up
Come up with
Cut back on
End up
Get in with
Hang around
Help out
Jump at ( the chance)
Pay off
Run out
Settle in
Take on
Track down
Turn up
Phrases
Compounds
Frame + work
Up + date / Up + turn
Out + fall / out + break
Wind + fall / wind + break / wind+ proof
Rain + fall / Rain + proof
Credit + worthy
Down + fall / down + turn
Collocations with traveller
-Frequent traveller
-Independent traveller
-Seasoned traveller ( to describe a person who has a lot of experience of something)
-Intrepid travellers (Travelling with Intrepid means exploring the world with a small group of
like-minded travellers)
-Weary traveller (Having the strength exhausted by toil or exertion; tired; fatigued. A weary
traveller knocked at the door.)
-discerning traveller (If you describe someone as discerning, you mean that they are able to
judge which things of a particular kind are good and which are bad)
- an armchair traveller(someone who finds out what a place or location is like by
watching travel programs on television, looking at internet websites about travel or reading
books about travel.)
- inveterate traveller(always doing something or enjoying something, and unlikely to stop.
an inveterate liar. He was an inveterate traveller)
- unwary traveller(Not cautious of possible dangers or problems. 'accidents can happen to
the unwary traveller)
Other collocations
-consume + equivalent , quantity , time
- devour + books , news
-Relish + challenge , thought
- swallow + pill , pride , news
-finely + grained
- incredibly + strong
- strongly + worded
- singularly + successful
- keenly + prices
- widely + believed
- staggeringly + expensive
EXTRA
-Pretty cab be combined with both gradable and ungradable adjectives in informal English.
Eg:
Tom finds it pretty quiet around here in the evening, so he often shoots off to town on his
motorbike.
It’s pretty amazing that someone who was at death’s door three months ago has just run the
London marathon!
-Quite can be combined with both adjectives as well, but there is a change of meaning
I’m quite busy at work at the moment, but I’ve known it much worse ( = fairly)
You’re quite impossible at times – sweet wrappers go in the bin not on the floor ( =
completely )
Some adjectives can be both gradable and ungradable and this is often accompanied by a
change in meaning from literal to more figurative use
-Inversion is also commonly used after a time adverbial, like the next 2 examples :
No sooner had we left the building then it started to pour with rain .
Barely had Jane recovered from her operation when she was promoted.
after not
not only did the team win the country Cup they also came top of their League
not one grain of encouragement did did she show him throughout the course
not a single word of thanks did they hear from her
after little
little did I think then that I would miss the bright lights in years to come
little was she expecting Sam to walk through the door
the broad negative adverbs barely, hardly, rarely, scarcely, seldom can be used like this:
barely worry into our costumes when it was time to go on stage
seldom does a day go by without someone ringing up to complain about the product