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SECTION 15411 - WATER DISTRIBUTION PIPING

PART 1 - GENERAL

0.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including Conditions of Contract and
Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

0.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes water distribution piping from locations indicated to fixtures and
equipment inside building.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Division 2 Section "Water Distribution Systems" for exterior water service piping.
2. Division 15 Section "Meters and Gages" for water meters, thermometers, pressure
gages, and fittings.
3. Division 15 Section "Plumbing Specialties" for water distribution piping specialties.

0.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Water Service Piping: Water piping outside building that conveys water to building.

B. Service Entrance Piping: Water piping at entry into building between water service piping
and water distribution piping.

C. Water Distribution Piping: Water piping inside building that conveys water to fixtures and
equipment throughout the building.

D. The following are industry abbreviations for plastic piping materials:

1. CPVC: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.

2. PB: Polybutylene.
3. uPVC: Polyvinyl chloride, unplasticized.
4. RTRP, (GRE): Glass reinforced epoxy resin pipe.
5. PP: Polypropylene.

0.4 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Provide components and installation capable of producing piping systems rated for 1.5 times
the system working pressure. The following is the minimum working-pressure ratings,
unless otherwise indicated:

1. Combined Fire-Protection and Domestic, Service Entrance Piping: 1725 kPa.

2. Service Entrance Piping: downstream the PRV: 1100 kPa.
3. Water Distribution Piping: 860 kPa.

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0.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Manufacturer’s literature and data for piping and fittings.

B. Test and Inspection Reports: Specified in "Field Quality Control" Article.

C. Water Samples: Specified in "Cleaning and Disinfection" Article.

0.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Provide listing/approval stamp, label, or other marking on piping made to specified

standards.

B. Comply with ASME B31.9, "Building Services Piping," for materials, products, and
installation.

C. Comply with NSF 14, "Plastics Piping Components and Related Materials," for plastic
potable-water piping components. Include marking "NSF-pw" on plastic potable-water
piping.

D. Comply with NSF 61, "Drinking Water System Components--Health Effects," Sections 1

through 9 for potable-water piping and components.

0.7 EXTRA MATERIALS

A. Furnish extra materials described below that match products installed, are packaged with
protective covering for storage, and are identified with labels describing contents. Deliver
materials to the Employer.

1. Keyed Couplings, DN100 and Smaller: 12 of each type and size installed. Include
one extra gasket with each coupling.
2. Keyed Couplings, DN125 and Larger: 6 of each type and size installed. Include one
extra gasket with each coupling.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

0.1 PIPES AND TUBES

A. General: Applications of the following pipe and tube materials are indicated in Part  3
"Piping Applications" Article.

B. PVC pipe to SAS 14, DIN 8062 or equivalent ASTM standard as specified below.

C. Pressure type uPVC to BS 3505, Class E, fittings shall be machine welded and all pressure
fittings shall be 100 percent fiberglass reinforced (except couplings, reducer couplings or
reducer bushings) or equivalent ASTM standard as specified below.

D. Plastic pipe and fittings shall bear the following markings in accordance with ASTM F 441:
manufacturer's name, material designation code, nominal pipe size, schedule or class,
pressure rating in psi or kilopascal, the ASTM designation number F 441 and National
Sanitation Foundation (NSF) seal of approval for potable water.

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E. CPVC Plastic Pipe: ASTM F441, Schedules 40 and 80

F. uPVC Plastic Pipe: ASTM D 1785, Schedule 80.

G. PVC Pressure Type Plastic Pipe: PVC pipe shall conform to ASTM D 2241 for plain end
and ASTM D 2672 or ASTM F 480 for bell end.

H. RTRP, (GRE) Pipe: pipe and fittings shall conform to ASTM D 2996 or ASTM D 2310
rated for 15 bar working pressure at 50 deg. C (122 deg. F).

I. PB and PP Plastic Pipe: ASTM D 2662, Schedule 80.

0.2 PIPE AND TUBE FITTINGS

A. General: Applications of the following pipe and tube fitting materials are indicated in Part 3
"Piping Applications" Article.

B. Schedule 80, CPVC Threaded Fittings: ASTM F 437.

C. Schedule 80, CPVC Socket Fittings: ASTM F 439.

D. Schedule 40, CPVC Socket Fittings: ASTM F 438.

E. CPVC Plastic-Piping-System Socket Fittings: ASTM D 2846.

F. Schedule 80, PVC Socket Fittings: ASTM D 2467.

G. Schedule 40, PVC Socket Fittings: ASTM D 2466.

H. Schedule 80, PVC Threaded Fittings: ASTM D 2464.

I. PVC Gasketed Fittings: AWWA C907, Class 150; with gaskets.

J. RTRP Fiberglass reinforced resin pipe fittings: ASTM D 2310 rated for 15 bars working
pressure and 50 deg. C (122 deg. F).

0.3 JOINING MATERIALS

A. General: Applications of the following piping joining materials are indicated in Part 3
"Piping Applications" Article.

B. Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods" for commonly
used joining materials.

C. Transition Couplings: Coupling or other manufactured fitting same size as, with pressure
rating at least equal to, and with ends compatible with piping to be joined.

0.4 VALVES

A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Valves" for general-duty valves.

B. Refer to Division 15 Section "Plumbing Specialties" for special-duty valves.

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PART 3 - EXECUTION

0.1 EXCAVATION

A. Refer to Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for excavating, trenching, and backfilling.

0.2 PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Transition and special fittings with pressure ratings at least equal to piping pressure rating
may be used in applications below, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Flanges may be used on aboveground piping, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Underground, Service Entrance Piping: Do not use flanges or valves underground.

However valves may be installed within a valve chamber:

1. All sizes: RTRP resin pipe and fittings, and mechanical interlocking joints.
2. All sizes: PP pipe and fittings, and mechanical interlocking joints

D. Aboveground, Water and Soft Water Distribution Piping: Use the following:

1. ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 40 pipe and CPVC, Schedule 40 threaded fittings.

2. DN40 and Smaller: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 40 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 40
socket fittings; and solvent-cemented joints.
3. DN50: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe and CPVC, Schedule 80 threaded
fittings.
4. DN50: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 80 socket fittings;
and solvent-cemented joints.
5. DN50: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 40 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 40 socket fittings;
and solvent-cemented joints.
6. DN50: ASTM D 2846, CPVC pipe and fitting system and solvent-cemented joints.
7. DN65 to DN90: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe and CPVC, Schedule 80
threaded fittings.
8. DN65 to DN90: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 80 socket
fittings; and solvent-cemented joints.
9. DN65 to DN90: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 40 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 40 socket
fittings; and solvent-cemented joints.
10. DN100 to DN150: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe and CPVC, Schedule 80
threaded fittings.
11. DN100 to DN150: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 80
socket fittings; and solvent-cemented joints.
12. DN100 to DN150: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 40 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 40
socket fittings; and solvent- cemented joints.
13. DN200: ASTM F 441, CPVC, Schedule 80 pipe; CPVC, Schedule 80 socket fittings;
and solvent-cemented joints.
14. All pipe sizes: ASTM D 1785, uPVC, Schedule 80 socket fittings; and solvent-
cemented joints. Use for cold water only, downstream of pressure reducing valves.

E. Hot water Distribution Piping; Use the following:

1. All pipe sizes: ASTM F 441, CPVC or ASTM D 2662 PB, Schedule 80; CPVC
socket fittings and solvent cemented joints, or PB head fusion fittings.

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0.3 VALVE APPLICATIONS

A. Drawings indicate valve types to be used. Where specific valve types are not indicated, the
following requirements apply:

1. Shutoff Duty: Use gate, ball, or butterfly valves.

2. Throttling Duty: Use globe or ball valves.

B. Grooved-end butterfly valves may be used with grooved-end piping.

C. Valve sizes DN50 and smaller shall be provided with threaded end connections and
removable unions.

D. Valve sizes DN65 and larger shall be provided with grooved end connections for
mechanical couplings.

0.4 PIPING INSTALLATION, GENERAL

A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods" for basic piping
installation.

0.5 SERVICE ENTRANCE PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Extend service entrance piping to exterior water service piping in sizes and locations
indicated for service entrances into building. Refer to Division 2 Section "Water
Distribution" for water service piping.

B. Install shutoff valve, hose-end drain valve, strainer, pressure gage, and test tee with valve,
inside building at each service entrance pipe.

C. Install water-pressure regulators downstream from shutoff valves. Refer to Division 15

Section "Plumbing Specialties" for water-pressure regulators.

D. RTRP (GRE) Service Entrance Piping: Comply with manufacturer’s recommended

installation procedures. Install buried piping between shutoff valve and connection to water
service piping with restrained joints. Anchor pipe to wall or floor at entrance. Include
thrust-block supports at vertical and horizontal offsets.

E. Install wall penetration system at each service entrance pipe penetration through foundation
wall. Select number of interlocking rubber links required to make installation watertight.
Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods" for sleeves and
mechanical sleeve seals.

0.6 WATER DISTRIBUTION PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Install piping with 0.25 percent slope downward towards drain.

B. Install piping level without pitch.

0.7 JOINT CONSTRUCTION

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A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods" for basic piping
joint construction.

B. Grooved Joints: Assemble joints with coupling, gasket, lubricant, and bolts according to
coupling and fitting manufacturer's written instructions.

C. Solvent-Cemented, Thermoplastic Pipe and Fitting Joints: Handle cleaners, primers, and
solvent cements according to ASTM F 402.

0.8 ROUGHING-IN FOR WATER METERS

A. Rough-in water piping for water meter installation according to utility company's
requirements.

B. Rough-in water piping and install water meters according to utility company's requirements.
Water meter shall be provided by the Contractor.

0.9 VALVE INSTALLATION

A. Sectional Valves: Install sectional valves close to main on each branch and riser serving
plumbing fixtures or equipment, and where indicated. Use gate or ball valves for piping
DN50 and smaller. Use gate or butterfly valves for piping DN65 and larger.

B. Shutoff Valves: Install shutoff valve on each water supply to equipment, on each supply to
plumbing fixtures without supply stops, and where indicated. Use gate or ball valves for
piping DN50 and smaller. Use gate or butterfly valves for piping DN65 and larger.

C. Drain Valves: Install drain valves for equipment, at base of each water riser, at low points
in horizontal piping, and where required to drain water piping.

1. Install hose-end drain valves at low points in water mains, risers, and branches.
2. Install stop-and-waste drain valves where indicated.

D. Balancing Valves: Install in each hot-water circulation return branch, discharge side of each
pump and circulator, and where indicated. Use ball valve for piping DN50 and smaller and
butterfly valve for piping DN65 and larger. Refer to Division 15 Section "Plumbing
Specialties" for balancing valves.

E. Calibrated Balancing Valves: Install in each hot-water circulation return branch, discharge
side of each pump and circulator, and where indicated. Refer to Division 15 Section
"Plumbing Specialties" for calibrated balancing valves.

0.10 HANGER AND SUPPORT INSTALLATION

A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports" for pipe hanger and support devices.
Install the following:

1. Riser clamps, MSS Type 8 or Type 42, for vertical runs.

2. Adjustable steel clevis hangers, MSS Type 1, for individual, straight, horizontal runs
30 m and less.
3. Adjustable roller hangers, MSS Type 43, for individual, straight, horizontal runs
longer than 30 m.

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4. Spring cushion rolls, MSS Type 49, if indicated, for individual, straight, horizontal
runs longer than 30 m.
5. Pipe rolls, MSS Type 44, for multiple, straight, horizontal runs 30 m or longer.
Support pipe rolls on trapeze.
6. Spring hangers, MSS Type 52, for supporting base of vertical runs.

B. Install supports according to Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports."

C. Support vertical piping and tubing at base and at each floor.

D. Rod diameter may be reduced one size for double-rod hangers, with 10 mm minimum rods.

E. Install hangers for CPVC plastic piping with the following maximum spacing and minimum
rod diameters:

1. DN25 and Smaller: Maximum horizontal spacing, 900 mm with 10 mm minimum

rod diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1500 mm.
2. DN32 to DN50: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 10 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1800 mm.
3. DN65 to DN90: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 13 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1800 mm.
4. DN100 and DN125: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 16 mm minimum
rod diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1800 mm.
5. DN150: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 19 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1800 mm.
6. DN200: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 22 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1800 mm.

F. Install hangers for uPVC plastic piping with the following maximum spacing and minimum
rod diameters:

1. DN50 and Smaller: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 10 mm minimum

rod diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1200 mm.
2. DN65 to DN90: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 13 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1200 mm.
3. DN100 and DN125: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 16 mm minimum
rod diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1200 mm.
4. DN150: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 19 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1200 mm.
5. DN200: Maximum horizontal spacing, 1200 mm with 22 mm minimum rod
diameter; maximum vertical spacing, 1200 mm.

G. Support piping and tubing not listed above according to MSS SP-69 and manufacturer's
written instructions.

0.11 CONNECTIONS

A. Connect service entrance piping to exterior water service piping. Use transition fitting to
join dissimilar piping materials.

B. Connect water distribution piping to service entrance piping at shutoff valve, and extend to
and connect to the following:

1. Booster Systems: Connect cold-water suction and discharge piping.

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2. Water Heaters: Connect cold-water supply and hot-water outlet piping in sizes
indicated, but not smaller than sizes of water heater connections.
3. Plumbing Fixtures: Connect hot- and cold-water supply piping in sizes indicated, but
not smaller than required by plumbing code. Refer to Division 15 Section "Plumbing
Fixtures."
4. Equipment: Connect hot- and cold-water supply piping as indicated. Provide shutoff
valve and union for each connection. Use flanges instead of unions for connections
DN65 and larger.

0.12 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Inspect service entrance piping and water distribution piping as follows:

1. Do not enclose, cover, or put piping into operation until it is inspected and approved
by the Engineer.
2. During installation, notify the Engineer at least 24 hours before inspection must be
made. Perform tests specified below in the presence of the Engineer.

a. Roughing-In Inspection: Arrange for inspection of piping before concealing or

closing-in after roughing-in and before setting fixtures.
b. Final Inspection: Arrange for final inspection by the Engineer to observe tests
specified below and to ensure compliance with requirements.

3. Reinspection: If the Engineer finds that piping will not pass test or inspection, make
required corrections and arrange for reinspection.
4. Reports: Prepare inspection reports and have them signed by the Engineer.

B. Test service entrance piping and water distribution piping as follows:

1. Test for leaks and defects in new piping and parts of existing piping that have been
altered, extended, or repaired. If testing is performed in segments, submit separate
report for each test, complete with diagram of portion of piping tested.
2. Leave uncovered and unconcealed new, altered, extended, or replaced water piping
until it has been tested and approved. Expose work that has been covered or
concealed before it has been tested and approved.
3. Cap and subject piping to static water pressure of 345 kPa above operating pressure,
without exceeding pressure rating of piping system materials. Isolate test source and
allow to stand for 4 hours. Leaks and loss in test pressure constitute defects that must
be repaired.
4. Repair leaks and defects with new materials and retest piping or portion thereof until
satisfactory results are obtained.
5. Prepare reports for tests and required corrective action.

0.13 CLEANING AND DISINFECTION

A. Clean and disinfect service entrance piping and water distribution piping as follows:

1. Purge new piping and parts of existing water piping that have been altered, extended,
or repaired before use.
2. Use purging and disinfecting procedure prescribed by the Third party specialist or, if
method is not prescribed, procedure described in either AWWA C651 or
AWWA C652 or as described below:

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a. Flush piping system with clean, potable water until dirty water does not appear
at outlets.
b. Fill and isolate system according to either of the following:

1) Fill system or part thereof with water/chlorine solution with at least

50 mg/L of chlorine. Isolate with valves and allow to stand for 24
hours.

c. Flush system with clean, potable water until chlorine is no longer in water
coming from system after the standing time.
d. Submit water samples to an approved Third party Specialist for analysis and
for coliform count.
e. Submit water samples in sterile bottles to the Engineer. Repeat procedure if
biological examination shows contamination. An acceptable test shall show
absence of coliform organism.

B. Prepare, certify and submit reports for purging and disinfecting activities. Report shall
indicate:

a. Name and location of the job and date disinfection was performed.
b. Material used and retention period of disinfectant.
c. PPM of chlorine during retention and after flushing.
d. Statement that disinfection was performed as specified.
e. Signature and address of certifying agency.

C. Clean interior of piping system. Remove dirt and debris as work progresses.

0.14 COMMISSIONING

A. Fill water piping. Check components to determine that they are not air bound and that
piping is full of water.

B. Perform the following steps before putting into operation:

1. Close drain valves, hydrants, and hose bibbs.

2. Open shutoff valves to fully open position.
3. Open throttling valves to proper setting.
4. Remove plugs used during testing of piping and plugs used for temporary sealing of
piping during installation.
5. Remove and clean strainer screens. Close drain valves and replace drain plugs.
6. Remove filter cartridges from housings and verify that cartridges are as specified for
application where used and that cartridges are clean and ready for use.

C. Check plumbing equipment and verify proper settings, adjustments, and operation. Do not
operate water heaters before filling with water.

D. Check plumbing specialties and verify proper settings, adjustments, and operation.

1. Water-Pressure Regulators: Set outlet pressure at 550 kPa maximum, unless

otherwise indicated.

E. Energize pumps and verify proper operation.

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