Professional Documents
Culture Documents
$ssie Internship Report PDF
$ssie Internship Report PDF
TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTEMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER
ENGINEERING
STREAM: COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
HOSTING COMPANY: UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR DATA
CENTER
TITLE: INTERNSHIP REPORTS AND PROJECT ON
DESIGNING NETWORK OF SERVERS FOR ASSIGNING
IP ADDRESS AUTOMATICALLY AND CONTROLLING
INTERNET OF THINGS
1. Dessie Fikir................................................... GUR/4371/08
2. Destaye Sisay……………………………….GUR/4375/08
3. Elmie Mosie..………………………………..GUR/4390/08
4. Delie Dires……………………….………….GUR/4352/08
5. Tazeb Abebe…………………………….…..GUR/4924/08
Advisor: Mr.Mekashaw d
January 16/6/2012 E.C
Gondar, Ethiopia
Final Internship Report And Project 2012 E.C
APPROVAL PAGE
We, 5𝑡ℎ Electrical and Computer Engineering (focus area communication engineering)
students have under taken our internship experience in University of Gondar ICT main data
center.
The under signed, declare this Report is our original work and all sources of materials used
for the project have been fully acknowledged.
Submitted by:
Name
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, thanks to our GOD for his blessing and helping throughout our entire internship
training. In addition, thank you for our university to get this internship and to develop our
practical skills. We would like to thanks specially acknowledge to Mr.Jossy (company
supervisor), for advising and teaching us all about the working environment of UOG ICT
center and network infrastructure, for giving general networking concept of the University
of Gondar LAN, for his guidance, generosity to share his tremendous knowledge, for
giving continuous and unlimited motivation from the starting of the internship until the end
of the program and for giving work flow, background and history of the University.
Moreover, thanks to Mr.Aderagew his helping on basic computer skills and maintenance.
We would like to thank to our advisor Mr.Mekashaw for his unlimited help by project
simulation and a detail preparation of documentation format.
ABSTRACT
Our documentation paper contains several chapters these are background of the internship
company that means background of university of Gondar ICT data center, overall
internship experience gained from the company, overall benefits gained from the
internship, and finally a project on designing of servers for automatic IP address assigning
for the users and controlling of internet of things. In this paper, there is a detail report of
the tasks of the internship experience; our internship experience has focused on software
and hardware installation of networking academy.
Contents
APPROVAL PAGE ............................................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................. ii
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... iii
LISTS OF FIGURE ........................................................................................................... vi
LISTS OF ACCRONYM AND ABBREBIATION ......................................................... vii
CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................. 1
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Brief history of university of Gondar and ICT Center ............................................ 1
1.2. Mission, vision and objectives of the company ...................................................... 2
1.2.1. Vision .................................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Mission ................................................................................................................. 2
1.2.3. Objective of the Company ................................................................................ 2
1.3. Main product and services....................................................................................... 2
1.3.1. Highly Available and Secure Internet service .................................................. 2
1.3.2. E-mail Services ................................................................................................. 2
1.3.3. IP Telephony Service........................................................................................ 3
1.3.4. Virtualized Server and Storage Services ........................................................... 3
1.3.5. Wireless Network Services ................................................................................ 3
1.3.6. Camera system .................................................................................................. 4
1.3.7. Video Conference and Smart class room Solutions .......................................... 4
1.3.8. The Smart class room ........................................................................................ 5
1.3.9. ICT training team.............................................................................................. 5
1.4. Main customer or end user ...................................................................................... 7
1.5. Organizational structure and work flow ................................................................... 8
1.5.1. Organization structure ...................................................................................... 8
1.5.2. Work flow .......................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER TWO .............................................................................................................. 10
2. OVER ALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE .............................................................. 10
2.1. The section of the company we have been working ............................................. 10
2.1.1. Hardware overview......................................................................................... 10
LISTS OF FIGURE
Figure 1.1 IP Telephony Service ........................................................................................ 3
Figure 1.2 Indoor access-point and Outdoor access-point [4] ........................................... 4
Figure 1.3 Security camera ................................................................................................. 4
Figure 1.4 Smart class room ............................................................................................... 5
Figure 1.5 Main customer or end user [6].......................................................................... 7
Figure 1.6 Organizational structure .................................................................................... 8
Figure 1.7 UOG ICT Section [6] ........................................................................................ 9
Figure 2.1 Access switch [7] ............................................................................................. 10
Figure 2.2 Multilayer switch [7] ....................................................................................... 11
Figure 2.3 Router [8]......................................................................................................... 11
Figure 2.4 Path of UOG network ...................................................................................... 12
Figure 2.5 Network architecture of UoG [11] .................................................................. 13
Figure 2.6 Work flow in the network infrastructure theme .............................................. 13
MS………………………………………………Microsoft
NIC……………………………………………...Network interface card
OSPF…………………………………………....Open shortest path first
PC…………………………………………….…Personal computer
QOS……………………………………………..Quality of Service
QPM…………………………………………….QOS Policy Manager
RJ-45………………………………………….....Registered Jack
RIP……………………………………................Routing information protocol
RU……………………………………………….Rack Unit
SQL………………………………………………Structure query language
SSH………………………………………………Secure shell
SSP……………………………………………….Security Services Processor
TELNET……………………………………….…Terminal network
UCS……………………………………………....Unified Computing System Manager
UTP…………………….. …………………….....Unshielded twisted pair
VLAN…………………………………………....Virtual local area network
VOIP………………………………………….….Voice over internet protocol
VPN……………………………………………...Virtual Private Network
VRRP………………………………………… …Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
VTP…………………………………………… ...Virtual Trunking Protocol
WCS……………………………………………...Wireless Control System
WLC………………………………………….......War over Ethernet
WLC…………………………..………………….Wireless LAN Controller
CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Brief history of university of Gondar and ICT Center
University of Gondar was initially established as Public Health College and Training Center
in 1954. Then four campuses are built in sequential which are Maraki, Atse Tewdros, Fasil and
Tseda, which is 20km far at city of Gondar. In recent time’s information and communication,
technology is becoming a tool for every activity; the university uses this technology for
assuring the core objectives [1].
University of Gondar is one of the Universities in Ethiopia having more than 60 years of age.
However, the main core processes i.e. teaching and Learning, Community service and research
processes were not supported by automated ICT systems. In addition to that, even though the
university purchases so many ICT equipment with lots of investments. There was no one
responsible visionary process or department to coordinate this task. Having this in mind the
top management decided to establish the ICT Coordinating office, which is led by one
instructor from the Health bioinformatics department. According to the human resource
structure of ministry of education, the office hired two professionals and transferred another
two professionals from other departments making the total staff of ICT to 5 (five). The duties
were restricted in giving maintenance service of the health college Network infrastructure,
which is done by Ministry of education, and maintenance service of computers. As the
University expands its services, investments were made on the purchase of ICT equipment and
the office hired seven help desk technicians in contractual level to follow up the healthiness of
all the ICT equipment by trying to reach the maintenance services in all campuses of the
University. Start from the last four years the university invests more than hundred million Birr
for different ICT related projects to achieve the vision “MOVEING UNIVERSITY OF
GONDAR TO E-UNIVERSITY”. Based on the new University ICT structure we have
recruited more than 46 new professional to make sustainable the existing and coming ICT
Infrastructure [2].
1.2.1. Vision
The vision of University of Gondar is to be the leading societal problem solving university in
the country by 2020 and moving University of Gondar To E-University.
1.2.2. Mission
Through collaboration and professionalism, to visualize, build up, implement, utilize and
manage appropriate information system in order to provide integrated, coordinated
Customer–focused quality ICT services to University of Gondar in line with its vision,
mission and objectives.
The overall objective of ICT Development office lies on addressing the key ICT needs in
University Gondar. These includes:-
The university’s telephony system uses the underlying IP data infrastructure. Our 1Gbps access
level connectivity helps us deploy a telephony system which makes our university a pioneer in
using this unified communication technology. In addition to the telephony services, the
multipurpose phones deliver Call Accounting Services, Voice Mail Services, Fax Services,
Video and Audio Conferencing Services, contact services and Mobility services [3].
There are 345 Wireless Access Points using Indoor, Outdoor and Mesh connection types.
Almost all campuses have their hot spots a wireless network available. Most student
dormitories have the wireless access that helps students get access to the e-library system and
other network services. Staff apartments have also wireless network services at their living
rooms [4].
This section is responsible for centrally managing the Digital signage, smart class room and
video conferencing services, which includes managing the contents to be displayed on the
screen and signage’s and Big Sony screens, to ensure the operations of all this equipment’s on a
continues basis.
Work activities:
Done works:
The customers of Gondar University are divided in different groups of actors, who are linked
to the educational process being the main: current students, potential students, employees,
employers, government and industry. Which have classified the customers in internal and
external, emphasizing that the internal customer who is work to the satisfaction of external
customers. Besides, to the authors the customers can be classified in primary ones and
secondary ones, based on their location being as internal customers or external ones and based
on the frequency of interaction that the institution has with them too. While consider that the
product of higher education is the education and then, depending on the role developed by
them during the course, the students can be classified as internal or external [6].
Customer
Internal External
Secondary Secondary
Primary
Students Primary Government
Employee
(As educational Students Industry
(Educator)
partners) partners
University Of Gondar
UOG-
President
UOG-ICT
CHAPTER TWO
Router: has access to the network layer address or logical address (IP address). It contains a
routing table that enables it to make decisions about the route i.e. to determine which of several
possible paths between the source and destination is the best for a particular transmission [8].
UTP cable: the most common networking media. It consists of four pairs of thin, copper wires
covered in color-coded plastic insulation that are twisted together. The wire pairs are then
covered with a plastic outer jacket. UTP cables are of small diameter and it does not need
grounding. Since there is no shielding for UTP cabling, relies only on the cancellation to avoid
noise. The connector used is called RJ-45 connector [9].
Fiber optic cable: There are two types of fiber optic cable those are single mode and multi-
mode optical fibers. A single-mode optical fiber (SMF) is an optical fiber designed to carry
light only directly down the fiber - the transverse mode. Single mode is generally yellow, with
a blue connector, and a longer transmission distance. Single-mode fiber cable works better for
longer distances. Multimode fiber, the term “multimode” refers to the fact that the light takes
multiple paths (modes) through the glass fiber core, as opposed to “single-mode” where the
light takes a single path [10].
Patch panel: A patch panel provides a convenient place to terminate all of the cable that
coming from different rooms into the wiring closet. The cables are label in the patch panel and
at the end of the cable, which are found at the faceplate.
After applying our internship practice in university of Gondar information and communication
data center, we and our friends were visiting the network installation and architectures i.e.
observations of the connection of cables from router to access switch and access switch to the
pcs or end users. In addition, we were discussed with our supervisors Mr.Jossy that what we
are going to acquired and take an experience from the internship program. Moreover, we were
chosen the networking installation courses after communicating with our supervisor, because
we had interests on networking academy. Some of the daily tasks we were executed in the
networking section are as follows:
We have done configuration of access switch and creation of VLAN by connecting switches
with PC by console cable and configure it on the software called putty. When we configured
the switch, we have used the following procedures:-
EIGRP: keeps neighboring routing tables and it only exchange information that it neighbor
would not contains.
Procedures we have been using during our internship period in UoG, main campus data
center performing our tasks are:-
2.6. The challenges we have been facing while performing our work task
We can truly say that during our internship with UOG data center that we was challenged, and
through all those challenges we grew as a person as well as a student. Not only was the work
that we was doing beneficial to get knowledge. However, it also made us have to work hard to
get it right knowledge. The first challenge is the network architecture in the data center is
complex, hence we cannot understand easily. The second challenge is that we cannot easily
analyze the intermediate network configuration between data center and Tseda campus.
2.7. The measures we have taken in order to overcome our work task
Our challenges were overcome by different approaches those are:-Observe and analyze the
architectures by relating what we have learnt theoretically First, asking the supervisor Mr.
Jossy the name of each device, and second, we understand the information exchange and
general working of the architecture.
CHAPTER THREE
3. INTERNSHIP PROJECT
3.1. Project title
Designing network of servers for assigning IP address automatically and controlling internet
of things.
Our project is a designing of a network for reducing the work of the distribution switch by
preparing a DHCP server in order to assigning or forwarding an ip address for the end users.
That means the defining of IP DHCP pool is implemented on a separate servers i.e the DHCP
pool is not defined on the distribution switch. In addition to, this our project is solve the manual
control of home, work and industry appliances instead that controls using ip address.
Currently most of the network topology designing system specially university of Gondar
network architecture is lack of separate servers for forwarding ip addresses for each end users
and new users ,and in university of Gondar network topology the core is only one i.e there is
no a reserve core for redundancy (reducing fault). Moreover most of the home, work and
industry appliance system is done manually.
3.4. Objective
To understand how the server forwards the ip address for any new user (DHCP server)
How to use one switch for different internet services i.e. concepts of Vlan
To know how to convert the IP addresses (doted decimal form) to DNS (language form
i.e. the humans can understand easily)
To know how to control different home, work and industry IoT using IP addresses
Our network architecture design methodology is servers that received a network from outside
such as tele and the core, which received data from the server and deliver a packet across the
distribution switch and then the distribution switch which connect the network between the
core and the access and perform a routing protocol between the access and the core, And then
then from the distribution switch the server (DHCP server), which is used to deliver
automatically the IP addresses for end users, and the access switches used to associate the mac
address of the end device to the IP address or logical addresses that delivered by the server
finally there are different end devices those are pcs, smart phones laptops and internet of things
that are controlling by the address of the server on the core of the network design.
Cores
Access
switches
Software requirement
Cisco packet tracer version 7.2.1
Hardware requirement
Server
2911 router
OSPF: OSPF is defined in RFC 2328 which is an interior Gateway Protocol used to distribute
routing information within an AS (Autonomous System).
Servers: A server is a computer program that provides a service to another computer programs
(and its user). In a data center, the physical computer that a server program runs in is also
frequently referred to as a server. That machine may be a dedicated server or it may be used
for other purposes as well. Servers are often categorized in terms of their purpose. A Web
server, for example, is a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files. Here
are a few other types of servers, among a great number of other possibilities: An application
server is a program in a computer in a distributed network that provides the business logic for
an application program [12].
A blade server is a server chassis housing multiple thin, modular electronic circuit boards,
known as server blades. A file server is a computer responsible for the central storage and
management of data files so that other computers on the same network can access them. A
policy server is a security component of a policy-based network that provides authorization
services and facilitates tracking and control of files.
Router: A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computers
networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet.
Access switch: A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, officially MAC
bridge is a computer networking device that connects devices together on a computer network
by using packet switching to receive, process, and forward data to the destination device.
Internet of things: Internet of things are a material or devices, they can be operated manually
or authomatically.Authomatically means controlling the status of the material services either
using sensor or IP protocol. However, in our project we are using an IP addresses and different
programs to control them. Some of the services are - security camera, window, smoke detector,
door, light, fire sprinklers etc.
Crossover cable: An Ethernet crossover cable is a crossover cable for Ethernet used to connect
computing devices together directly. It is most often used to connect two devices of the same
type: e.g., two computers (via their network interface controllers) or two switches [13].
Copper straight through cable: Straight-through cables get their name from how they are
made. Out of the eight pins that exist on both ends of an Ethernet cable, each pin connects to
the same pin on the opposite side [13].
Start
Literature review
Problem identification
Data collection
Develop simulation
Testing
End
Network topology is the geometric representation of relationship of all the links connecting
the devices or nodes. Network topology represent in two ways one is physical topology that
define the way in which a network is physically laid out and other one is logical topology that
defines how data actually flow through the network. In this paper we have discuss how to
design bus, star and mesh topology network and provide interfacing and simulation between
ends using packet tracer software [14].
Cisco Packet Tracer (CPT) is multi-tasking network simulation software to perform and
analyze various network activities such as implementation of different topologies, select
optimum path based on various routing algorithms, create DNS and DHCP server, sub netting,
analyze various network configuration and troubleshooting commands. In order to start
communication between end user devices and to design a network, we need to select
appropriate networking devices like routers, switches, hubs and make physical Connection by
connection cables to serial and fast Ethernet ports from the component list of packet tracer.
Networking devices are costly so it is better to perform first on packet tracer to understand the
concept and behavior of networking.
Packet Tracer – Create a Simple Network Using Packet Tracer. Build a Simple Network in the
Logical Topology Workspace, Configure the Network Devices, and Test connectivity between
network devices then Save the File and Close Packet Tracer. Configure the Cisco.com server
as a DNS server to provide domain name to IPv4 address resolution. Still in the Services tab,
select DNS from the services listed in the left pane. The related work is designing of campus
networks in 2006 by university of Gondar ICT teams [15].
DNS server: to name the IP address, which means the ip address is changed by language that
easily understand by human being. Name the WEB, IoT, and email server.
EMAIL server: the email server is used to register the email address of the user
DHCP server: used to assign IP addresses for the user automatically. As you see from the
figure above first give the pool name (the Vlan name) that we want to give the IP address, and
then give the IP addresses on the required fields that are default gateway, DNS server, start IP
address, subnetmask and number of users then click add. After finishing this, we can view the
IP addresses on the end users (pc), by setting the request on DHCP.
Concepts of Vlan: Vlan is using of one switch for different internet services. For instance we
can use from port 1 to 10 for YouTube, from 11 to 15 for security camera and from 16 to 24
for VOIP by giving different networks for each services.
IOT are service devices they can be either home or work. Those devices are controlling using
the IP addresses as:-
Connect the to the switch and access point (wireless switch)
They are given the IP address by the server
Associate (register) all the IOT to the IOT server
Control different internet of things by using the level of smoke detector the program is written
in the condition of the IOT server using if clause. If the level of smoke detector is greater than
or equal to some value the IOT will be on state else they will be off state.
encrypted. Most of the time the admins are used SSH management.
Access-list: used to restrict or denied ordinary users to remote access the switch or router.
Figure 3.14 Smoke detector level less than 0.5 then IoT are off
Figure 3.15 Smoke detector level greater than 0.5 then IoT are on
CHAPTER FOUR
4. OVER ALL BENEFIT GAINED FROM THE INTERNSHIP
Internships are the link between theoretical knowledge and concepts learned in the classroom
setting and real time industry applications. Generally, we are confident to say something, to
suggest our opinion for every question or idea those are forwarded to us; it is nothing but due
to the skill that we have developed throughout the Internship program. Getting experience is a
great way to build confidence. The following are the main benefits we gain from the program
& the work we have done are:-
abilities and skills. At the same time, receiving practical skills might be helpful for enhancing
the effectiveness of the working process and adapting challenges. The internship program was
an excellent opportunity for us to gain some hands on experience in our field. We acquired
many new skills and developed many skills like:
Adaptability
Motivation to work
Willing to grow and learn
Strong self-confidence
Professionalism skills
Analytical skills
1. Physical Layer
2. Data Link Layer
3. Network Layer
4. Transport Layer
5. Session Layer
6. Presentation Layer
7. Application Layer
Leadership is a process of leading the careers of the company. Problems in the company come
in management; program and problems in different period time can be easily solved. Thus, a
person who is in the position of leadership seeks optimal solution to the problems and should
be smart enough to manage those individuals whom he/she is leading.
Personal Ethics: All human beings as rational creatures are expected to exhibit certain personal
principles of ethics. These principles of personal ethics are values, which are expected to be
possessed by all individuals in their life, and contribute a lot for a smooth interaction among
individuals and peaceful coexistence of a society.
Professional Ethics: Professional ethics refers to the standards or a set of moral principles for
regulating behaviors of a certain defined profession. In order to consider that an activity to be a
profession, it should be carried out by one who has advanced education, knowledge, and skills.
Self-motivation
Self- confidence
Ethics and morals
Provides work experience
CHAPTER FIVE
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1. Conclusion
This internship report contains the overall experiences that we gain from the internship
program. We concluded that the program is very good to upgrade the theoretical knowledge
into practical skill. On the internship period, we have understand so many skills that was the
job environment and what it meant to be a worker, what and why ethics we need to have at the
work place and outside. Again, we have seen the real working conditions and understand what
services are deliver from UoG ICT center, what is the process, cares to be taken, objective,
mission, vision and practical skills. It was also very effective in developing team playing,
interpersonal and leadership skills.
Generally we are successfully worked different practical works specially network installation
those are network crimping, Vlan identification in different campuses, in addition to network
installation we were work on computer maintenance. By observing the problem of UOG,
network architectures we are developed the network design on preparing servers for different
application in networking system and forwarding or assigning an IP addresses for the end users,
and in addition to this this project will solve the manual control of different appliances in home,
work and industries.
5.2. Recommendation
We strongly recommended that training program should be started for both academic and
administrator staff Cable management, all data cables should be under the floor, both ends of
the cable should be labeled and tagged for proper identification. We recommend for the future
network designers that the authentication in routing protocol can be configured, this
authentication is used to prevent hacking because most of the time the internet or network is
hacked by hackers, and they hack the routing configuration using Wire shark capturing.
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Routing configuration
DIS4 (config) #access-list 100 deny tcp 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 any eq telnet
DIS4 (config) #access-list 100 deny tcp 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255 any eq telnet
DIS4 (config) #access-list 100 deny tcp 192.168.13.0 0.0.0.255 any eq telnet
DIS4 (config) #access-list 100 deny tcp 192.168.15.0 0.0.0.255 any eq telnet
DIS4 (config) #access-list 100 permit tcp 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.0 any eq telnet
DIS4 (config) #access-list 100 permit ip any any
DIS4 (config) #interface Vlan 17
DIS4 (config-if) #ip access-group 100 in
DIS4 (config-if) #interface Vlan 18
DIS4 (config-if) #ip access-group 100 in
DIS4 (config-if) #interface Vlan 19
DIS4 (config-if) #ip access-group 100 in
DIS4 (config-if) #interface Vlan 20
DIS4 (config-if) #ip access-group 100 in
DIS4 (config-if) #ex
DIS4 (config) #