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GiD+OpenSees Interface - An Introductory Course
GiD+OpenSees Interface - An Introductory Course
GiD+OpenSees Interface
An Introductory Course
Vassilis K. Papanikolaou
Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Interface Installation and Walkthrough
This section covers the essentials for installing GiD+OpenSees interface and
displays its basic features. The installation steps are the following :
1) Download and install GiD (32 or 64 bit Windows) from the official GiD website
https://www.gidhome.com/download/official-versions
2) Download OpenSees and the associated tcl framework (32 or 64 bit Windows)
from the official OpenSees website. Install the tcl framework (recommended
C:\tcl) and copy OpenSees.exe to any folder (recommended C:\OpenSees)
http://opensees.berkeley.edu/OpenSees/user/download.php
http://gidopensees.rclab.civil.auth.gr
After installing the interface, note that all the relevant files are located in :
1
The installation is now completed. The GiD+OpenSees Interface can be invoked
by running GiD and select Data → Problem type → OpenSees
After loading the interface, a side toolbar appears containing all the essential
functionality for building and running a finite element model with OpenSees.
Moreover, the ‘OpenSees’ menu contains additional options for executing
analysis and getting Help. The toolbar and menu commands are displayed in the
following tables :
2
Toolbar commands
Show/Hide Elements
Detailed reference for all toolbar commands with examples can be found
in the User Manual located in the GiD+OpenSees menu
3
Menu commands
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1. Select an existing OpenSees model file (.tcl) and import its geometry in GiD
2. Run analysis and postprocess (same to toolbar button)
3. Just create the .tcl file
4. Create the .tcl file and view it with default text editor
5. Just run the analysis
6. Just translate the output files for postprocessing
7, Combined options 5+6
8. Delete all generated results from previous analysis
9. Official GiD+OpenSees site
10. Official OpenSees site
11. Official OpenSees wiki
12. GiD+OpenSees user manual
13. DesignSafe-CI user manual
14. DesignSafe-CI site
15. Check online for newer versions
16. About screen
4
How it (actually) works
5
Example A – Elastic Truss Structure
The first example is an elastic truss structure, modeled in the XY plane. The truss
geometry is depicted below :
A. Preprocessing
6
2. Define truss elements
→
7
4. Assign truss elements to geometry lines
8
5. Assign restraints (pin XY) to truss support nodes
9
6. Assign loads
Assign -10 kN point forces to the nine truss nodes depicted below
10
7. Set analysis options
For this simple elastic analysis, no changes to the default interval settings are
needed.
Set one truss element per line : Mesh → Structured → Lines → Assign Number of
Cells → 1 to all elements.
B. Analysis
11
C. Postprocessing
From the GiD postprocessor, various result types can be viewed, i.e. deformed
shape and truss axial forces :
12
Example B1 – Inelastic Plane Frame
A. Preprocessing
13
→
14
2. Define fiber sections for beams and columns
- Columns 4Ø20+4Ø18
- Beams 3Ø16 top & bottom
15
3. Define force-based beam-column elements for beams and columns
16
5. Assign beam and column force-deformation elements to geometry lines
17
→
Assign -15 kN/m line uniform forces to all beams (Active Interval : 1)
18
→
8. Assign masses
Assign 20 tons of mass in x-direction to all nodes in all stories (Active Interval : 1)
19
→
20
The selected strong motion record can be viewed by pressing ‘Display record’
The first interval contains boundary conditions, masses and gravity loading. It is
defined as follows (Static analysis, Load Control, 5 steps)
21
After the end of gravity loading, another interval (2) is added for strong motion
(inelastic dynamic analysis), as follows :
Analysis type is Transient, using the Newmark Integration Scheme (β=0.5, γ=0.25),
the analysis duration is 40 seconds with a time step of 0.01 (exactly as specified in
the record file) and the excitation type is uniform, based on the already defined
record (Loma_Prieta) along the Ux direction (horizontal excitation).
22
11. Set mesh size
Set four force-based elements per line : Mesh → Structured → Lines → Assign
Number of Cells → 4 to all elements.
B. Analysis
23
C. Postprocessing
For this dynamic analysis, apart from the usual result types that were discussed in
the previous example, it is interesting to show a displacement animation under
strong motion and the roof horizontal displacement response graph in time.
Note : No damping was considered in the analysis
24
How to include Rayleigh Damping
5. Enter T1 and T2 into Rayleigh Damping window and calculate parameters for
5% damping (common value for buildings)
25
→
6. Run analysis again and display results. Now the response is clearly damped.
26
Example B2 – Inelastic Plane Frame on Elastic Soil (SSI)
The objective of the last example is to add an elastic soil medium under the
previous inelastic frame structure and observe the differences in response due to
soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects. The updated geometry is depicted below :
A. Preprocessing
27
→
2. Hide the current layer containing the frame model and add a new empty ‘Soil’
layer for adding the additional geometry.
28
3. Draw soil geometry in GiD. Draw a 6x3 matrix 4x4 m square surfaces, using the
‘Soil’ layer as depicted. The axes origin (0,0) should coincide with the base of
the middle frame column.
29
6. Assign equal constraint master nodes with ID = 1,2,3,4,5,6 to the following
points :
1 2 3
4
Then assign equal constraint slave nodes with ID = 4,5,6 with X-Translation only to
the following points :
30
4
Hide the Soil layer and show the Frame layer. Then assign the remaining equal
constraint slave nodes with ID = 1,2,3 with X & Y translation to the three frame
column bases.
1 2 3
This assignment will kinematically connect the inelastic frame with the elastic soil
substrate. The final loads and boundary conditions are depicted below :
31
→
Set a 4x4 mesh for all surfaces : Mesh → Structured → Lines → Assign Number of
Cells → 4 to all surface boundary lines.
B. Analysis
C. Postprocessing
For this SSI analysis, it is interesting to show the horizontal displacement response
plot on both the base and roof nodes of the frame structure. It is observed that
the response is significantly different than the previous example (without
damping).
32
0.33 m
roof
base
0.2 m
No SSI, no damping →
33