Density and Viscosityq
Density and Viscosityq
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Abstract ......................................................................................... 3
Procedure ...................................................................................... 6
1-Density .................................................................................... 6
2-viscosity: .................................................................................. 6
Apparatus ...................................................................................... 8
1-RESULTS................................................................................. 10
2- Discussion............................................................................. 13
1- conclusion ........................................................................... 15
2-Recommendation.................................................................. 16
1-Reference .............................................................................. 18
2- Appendix .............................................................................. 19
Abstract
In this experiment we determine densities and
viscosities of several liquids . The liquids are Water,
Engine oil, Glycerin, Caster oil and Silicon.
_ Fill three hydrometer jars with the liquids to be tested with sufficient of
the liquids to
float the hydrometer and note for each liquid the scale reading.
2-viscosity:
_ Fill the three tubes with the liquids under test to a level of just below the
exit from the
capillary tube.
1) An Engine Oil
2) Glycerol
3) Castor Oil
_ Use three balls of different diameters with each liquid; measure
diameters of the balls and mass for each of theme.
_ Drop balls in each liquids and measure the distance traveled by balls
(30cm) with time by using timer.
_Calculate the velocity for each time ,Then take an average velocity.
# Temperature : [11.7 ℃]
Density [ρ]
Liquid g/ml Kg/m³
water 0.997 997
Engine oil 0.9 900
glycerin 1.228 1228
Silicon oil 0.975 975
Caster oil 0.964 964
S (specific gravity) =
# Temperature : [11.7 ℃]
Viscosity (μ) =
g = 9.81 m/s2
ρs = 7.8 g/cm3
Part 1 :
Comparison between Densities of the fluid in our results and the real
densities : ( Temperature 11 c )
Part 2 :
Comparison between Viscosities of the fluid in our results and the real
Viscosities : ( Temperature 11 c )
Fluid Exp Value Kg/m.s Real Value Kg/m.s
Silicon oil 1.921
Glycerin 0.469 0.02
Caster oil 2.382 2.42
We took the average viscosity for each fluid and compare it with
real viscosity .
1- conclusion
C) Velocity of the ball depend on the viscosity of the fluid ,And the
relation between theme is positive.
There are many aspects of both experiments that should change in order
to improve the experiments and to make the results more accurate. The
work table is very high, which made it difficult to perform the experiments
and take the readings needed to complete the calculations.
The engine oil used in the first experiment is too dark, making it hard to
read the values on the hydrometer, which probably affected the accuracy
of the results. In the second experiment, it would have been better to
repeat the experiment more than just three times to get more accurate
results.
Not only that, but the steel balls should all be new, clean, and the same
size, with standard mass, diameter, and density, to decrease the time
needed to find each of those parameters, and to make sure the results
come out with less errors.
Reference & Appendix
1-Reference
2- Viscosity (μ) =
3- g = 9.81 m/s2
4- ρs = 7.8 g/cm3
5- S (specific gravity) =
8- Temperature : [11.7 ℃]
10-
2- Appendix