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Qualitative Analysis (Anion) Exercise PDF
Qualitative Analysis (Anion) Exercise PDF
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
B-2. The hottest part of the flame of a Bunsen burner is the
(A) Blue Zone (B) Zone of complete combustion
(C) Zone fo partial combustion (D) All parts of the flame are equally hot.
B-3. Metal (M) shows crimson red colour in flame test and its halide is deliquescent then metal (M) could be:
(A) Li (B) Mg (C) Ca (D) Ba
B-4. In Borax bead test, metal oxides react with B2O3 and form a coloured bead. This bead contains.
(A) orthoborate ion (B) metaborate ion (C) double oxide (D) tetraborate ion
B-5. Which one of the following ions does not give borax bead test :
(A) Cr3+ (B) Cu2+ (C) Mn2+ (D) Zn2+
B-6. In the Borax bead test of Co2+, the blue colour of bead is due to the formation of :
(A) B2O3 (B) Co3B2 (C) Co(BO2)2 (D) CoO
B-7. A salt gives white residue in charcoal cavity test but in cobalt nitrate test it gives pink mass. It
represents:
–3
(A) Zn+2 (B) Al+3 (C) Mg+2 (D) PO 4
C-3. If addition of conc. H2SO4 is made to an unknown salt, a colourless and odourless gas is produced then
which of the following can be present ?
(A) CO32– (B) S2– (C) Cl¯ (D) NO3–
C-4. A gas turns lime water milky and acidified K2Cr2O7 solution green then gas is :
(A) HCl (B) H2S (C) SO2 (D) CO2
C-5. A gas has smell like rotten egg and turns lead acetate paper black. The gas is :
(A) NO2 (B) H2S (C) CO2 (D) SO2
dil. H2SO4
C-6.
CdCO3 suspension –2 (CH3COO)2Pb
Yellow ppt Salt with X anion Black ppt
(S) (Q)
Sodium Nitroprusside
Violet
(R)
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
Section (D) : Conc. H2SO4 group
D-1. Which of the following pair of anions are identified by conc. H2SO4.
(A) NO3–, CO32– (B) Cl–, NO3– (C) Br–, CO32– (D) CO32–, CH3COO–
D-2. Which of the following anion behaves in a different manner than other on heating with conc. H2SO4?
(A) Cl¯ (B) I¯
(C) Br¯ (D) All behave in a similar manner
D-3. Which of the following reagents turns white precipitate of AgCl yellow ?
(A) NaNO3 (B) Na3AsO3 (C) Na3AsO4 (D) NaCN
D-4. A Unknown salt (S) when heated with dil. H2SO4 does not evolve brown vapours but with conc. H2SO4
brown vapours are obtained. The vapours when brought in contact with AgNO 3 solution do not give any
precipitate. The salt (S) contains.
(A) NO2– (B) NO3– (C) – (D) Br–
D-5. When a mixture of solid NaCl and solid K2Cr2O7 is heated with concentrated H2SO4, deep red vapours
are obtained. This is due to the formation of :
(A) chromous chloride (B) chromyl chloride (C) chromic chloride (D) chromic sulphate
D-6. AgCl dissolves in ammonia solution giving :
(A) Ag+, NH4+ and Cl– (B) [Ag(NH3)]+ and Cl–
(C) [Ag2(NH3)]2+ and Cl– (D) [Ag(NH3)2]+ and Cl–
D-7. A mixture upon adding conc. H2SO4 gives deep red fumes. Mixture may contain the anions pair :
(A) Cr2O72– and Cl– (B) Br– and Cr2O72– (C) NO3– and Cl– (D) CrO42– and NO32–
D-8. A solution of a salt in concentrated H2SO4 produced a deep blue colour with starch iodide solution. The
salt may contain :
(A) chloride (B) carbonate (C) acetate (D) bromide
D-9. A colourless solution of a compound gives a precipitate with AgNO 3 solution but no precipitate with a
solution of Na2CO3. The action of concentrated H2SO4 on the compound liberates a suffocating reddish
brown gas. The compound is :
(A) Ba(CH3COO)2 (B) CaCl2 (C) NaI (D) NaBr
D-10. Which of the following gas turn starch iodide paper blue?
(A) CO2 (B) SO2 (C) NO2 (D) H2S
D-11. Nitrate is confirmed by ring test. The brown colour of the ring is due to formation of :
(A) ferrous nitrite (B) nitroso ferrous sulphate
(C) ferrous nitrate (D) FeSO4 .NO2
Section (E) : Precipitation Reactions
E-1. When a mixture containing phosphate is heated with conc. HNO 3 and ammonium molybdate solution, a
canary yellow precipitate is formed. The formula of the yellow precipitate is :
(A) (NH4)3PO4 (B) (NH4)3PO4.12MoO4 (C) (NH4)3PO4.12MoO3 (D) (NH4)3PO4.(NH4)2MO4
E-2. A metal salt solution gives a yellow precipitate with silver nitrate. The precipitate dissolves in dil. Nitric
acid as well as in ammonium hydroxide. The solution contains.
(A) Br– (B) I– (C) PO43– (D) SO42–
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
2. Match the reagent which are used in qualitative analysis of given anions :
Column-I Column-II
(A) AgNO3 solution (p) CO32–
(B) BaCl2 solution (q) Cl–
(C) Pb(NO3)2 solution (r) S2–
(D) Acidified KMnO4 solution (s) NO2–
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
10.
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
11.
8.
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
11. Which statement(s) is/are correct about Brown ring test ?
(A) This test is given by NO2–, NO3– anions.
(B) Brown ring test depend upon the reduction of NO2– and NO3– to Nitric oxide.
(C) Brown ring is formed due to formation of [Fe(H2O)5NO]2(SO4)3
(D) Charge on NO in brown ring complex is +1.
12. Which of the following metal chloride will give chromyl chloride test ?
(A) NaCl (B) KCl (C) AgCl (D) SbCl3
13. Which of the following will be completely or partially dissolved in NH4OH ?
(A) AgCl (B) AgBr (C) AgI (D) BaSO4
14. Reddish-brown gas is obtained when the following are treated with conc. H2SO4?
(A) Br– (B) NO2 (C) NO3 (D) SO32–
15. Each of these are added to a mixture of aqueous solutions of iodide and CHCl 3 separately. Which will
give a positive test for iodine when the solutions are vigorously mixed?
(A) NaCl solution (B) NaBr solution (C) Chlorine water (D) Bromine water
16.
Cold
white ppt.
filtered
(Filtrate)
boil
White ppt .
excess of BaCl2
PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions.
Comprehension # 1
Step-I Step-II Step-III
A
chloridesalt conc
B C & D
K 2Cr2O7 passed through acidified with CH3COOH
. H2SO 4 dil NaOH solution Pb(CH 3COO) 2 is added
1. ‘A’ can be :
(A) PbCl2 (B) SbCl3 (C) SnCl2 (D) RbCl
2.* In step-III if Pb(CH3COO)2 is added without acidifying the solution with CH3COOH then possible product
may be:
(A) PbCrO4 (B) Na2Cr2O7 (C) Na2CrO4 (D) Na2PbO2
Comprehension # 2
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
Comprehension # 3
Answer Q.5, Q.6 and Q.7 by appropriately matching the information given in the three columns
of the following table.
In the following three tables, information regarding Qualitative analysis of anion is given
Column-1 Column-2 Column-3
(I) SO32– (i) Reaction with AgNO3 (P) Precipitate is obtained
Pungent smelling product with conc.
(II) Cl– (ii) (Q) Product is coloured gas.
H2SO4
Product formed is soluble in excess
(III) NO2– (iii) Form X2 with K2Cr2O7(s) + conc. H2SO4 (R)
NH3.
– Product gives blue colour with
(IV) Br (iv) Reaction with Pb(NO3)2(aq) (S)
starch iodide solution.
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
5. [X] + H2SO4 [Y] a colourless gas with irritating smell;
[Y] + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 green solution.
[X] and [Y] is : [JEE 2003(S), 3/84]
(A) SO32–, SO2 (B) Cl–, HCl (C) S2–, H2S (D) CO32–, CO2
6. A dilute aqueous solution of a sodium salt forms white precipitate with MgCl 2, only after boiling. The
anion of the sodium salt is : [JEE 2004(S), 3/84]
(A) HCO3– (B) CO32– (C) NO3– (D) SO42–
7. The species present in solution when CO2 is dissolved in water are : [JEE 2006, 5/184]
(A) CO2, H2CO3, HCO3–, CO32– (B) HCO3–, CO32–
(C) CO32–, HCO3– (D) CO2, H2CO3
8.* The reagent(s) that can selectively precipitate S2– from a mixture of S2– and SO2–4 in aqueous solution
is(are) [JEE(Advanced) 2016, 4/120]
(A) CuCl2 (B) BaCl2 (C) Pb(OOCCH3)2 (D) Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]
9. The green colour produced in the borax bead test of a chromium (III) salt is due to
[JEE(Advanced) 2019, 3/124]
(1) CrB (2) Cr2O3 (3) Cr(BO2)3 (4) Cr2(B4O7)3
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
EXERCISE - 1
PART - I
A-1. The dry test give information in short time and also provides a clue about the presence or absence of
certain substances so wet analysis may be modified and shortened.
It is applicable to solid substances.
1
A-2. (a) HgCO3 Hg + CO2 + O2
2
(b) NH4NO2
N2 + 2H2O (no solid residue)
(c) NH4Cl + NaNO3 (mixture) NaCl + N2O + 2H2O
1
(d) Pb(NO3)2 PbO + 2NO2 + O2
2
B-1. When compound is heated, the electrons gain energy and can jump into the empty orbitals at higher
level. Higher levels are energetically unstable so electrons tend to fall back and transmit the light as
characteristic colour.
B-2. Yes, because intensity of the absorbed light is proportional to the concentration of element in the flame.
B-3. Both barium sulphate and barium phosphate are insoluble and cannot be easily converted into
chlorides.Therefore, the green flame is either indistinct or visible with difficulty.
2
Cu ,
B-4. Na2B4O7 .10H2O
740C
2NaBO2 + B2O3 Cu (BO2)2
(A) (B+C) (Blue bead)
(D)
C-1. Sodium carbonate extract in addition to the sodium salts of anions contain carbonate also. On heating
with the test reagent carbonates of certain metals precipitate which interfere in the detection of acid
redicals. Because of this, Na2CO3 is decomposed by adding HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, depending upon the
nature of test.
C-2. No, because it already contains CO32– ions.
C-3. White precipitate of CaCO3 is formed.
Ca(HCO3)2 + 2 NH3 (NH4)2CO3 + CaCO3
C-4. Colour of bromine water is discharged according to the following reaction.
BaSO3 + Br2 + H2O BaSO4 (white) + 2HBr
–2 –
C-5. (A) = SO3 (C) = HSO3 (Lime water test)
C-6. (a) Blue colouration develops due to the formation of iodine gas.
5 SO2 + 2IO3– + 4 H2O I2 + 5 SO42– + 2 H+
I2 + Starch Blue (starch iodine adsorption complex)
(b) Black precipitate is formed owing to the formation of PbS.
[Pb(OH)4]|2– + H2S PbS + 2OH– + 2 H2O
(c) SO32– + 3 Zn + 8 H+ H2S + 3 Zn2+ + 3 H2O
C-7. NO2– + CH3COOH HNO2 + CH3COO–
3 HNO2 H2O + HNO3 + 2 NO
NO + Fe2+ + SO42– [FeNO]SO4 (Nitroso ferrous sulphate)
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
D-1. There are some ions like, SO32–, S2–, NO2– and CH3COO– which can react with dilute/conc. H2SO4
whereas ions like Cl– , Br–, I– , NO3 , etc. react only with con. H2SO4.
Now if conc. H2SO4 is used first then the anions of both the types will react. Hence, it is desired to test
acid radicals first with dilute H2SO4 and then with conc. H2SO4.
D-2. Because in presence of water, chromyl chloride forms the chromic acid.
CrO2Cl2 + 2H2O H2CrO4 + 2HCl
D-3. Because chromyl bromide (CrO2Br2) and chromyl iodide. (CrO2I2) compounds are unstable and are not
formed. In such case bromine and iodine are evolved
D-4. HBr and HI are reducing agent where as H2SO4 is oxidizing agent and thus Br2 and I2 are formed.
NaCl + H2SO4 NaHSO4 + HCl
NaBr / NaI + H2SO4 NaHSO4 + HBr/HI
HBr/HI + H2SO4 Br2/I2 + SO2 + 2H2O
D-5. Because in presence of water chromic acid is obtained in place of chromyl chloride.
D-7. Because heavy metal chlorides are partially dissociated. This test is given generally by Ionic chloride.
D-8. This is because Fe2+ ions on long standing are oxidised to Fe3+ ions which are not used for the
detection of nitrate and nitrite.
E-1. Because they also impart green colour to flame.
E-2. Not in dilute HCl but dissolves in all other reagents.
PbSO4 + H2SO4 Pb2+ + 2 HSO4–; PbSO4 + 4 CH3COO– [Pb(CH3COO)4]2– + SO42–
PbSO4 + 2 C6H4O62– [Pb(C6H4O6)2]2– + SO42–
PbSO4 + 4 OH– [Pb(OH)4]2– + SO42–
E-3. BaCl2 gives a white precipitate. with both sulphite and sulphate ions.
BaSO3 is soluble in conc.HCl whereas BaSO4 is insoluble in conc.HCl.
SO32– + MnO4– + H+ Mn2+ (colourless)
SO42– + MnO4– + H+ (No colour change)
PART - II
A-1. (B) A-2. (B) A-3. (C) A-4. (D) A-5. (D)
B-1. (C) B-2. (B) B-3. (A) B-4. (B) B-5. (D)
B-6. (C) B-7. (C) C-1. (C) C-2. (B) C-3. (A)
C-4. (C) C-5. (B) C-6. (C) C-7. (C) C-8. (D)
D-1. (B) D-2. (A) D-3. (B) D-4. (B) D-5. (B)
D-6. (D) D-7. (A) D-8. (D) D-9. (D) D-10. (C)
D-11. (B) E-1. (C) E-2. (C)
PART - III
1. (A) - (r,t); (B) - (q); (C) - (q,t); (D) - (p,r,s)
2. (A) - (p,q,r,s); (B) - (p); (C) - (p,q,r); (D) - (q,r,s)
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Qualitative Analysis (Anion)
EXERCISE - 2
PART - I
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (C)
PART - II
1. 3 (i, ii, iii) 2. 9 (All, except vi and ix) 3. 5 (ii, iii, iv, v, vii)
4. 3 (iii, v, vi) 5. 3 6. 0 7. 4
8. 1 (only iii) 9. 5 (All except NaBr) 10. 3
11. 14 (a = 1, b = 7, c = 6)
PART - III
1. (BD) 2. (ACD) 3. (ACD) 4. (AC) 5. (BC)
11. (ABD) 12. (AB) 13. (ABC) 14. (ABC) 15. (CD)
16. (AC)
PART - IV
1. (D) 2. (AD) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5._ (A)
EXERCISE - 3
PART - I
1. 3[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + NO3– + H+ NO + 3[Fe(H2O)6]3+
[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + NO [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+ + H2O
2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (A) 6. (A)
7. (A) 8.* (A or AC) 9. (3)
PART - II
JEE(MAIN) ONLINE PROBLEMS
1. (4) 2. (4)
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