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    The document contains 24 review questions covering topics in chemistry including thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry, and acid-base reactions. The questions are multiple choice or require calculations and include balancing equations, determining oxidation states, calculating standard reduction potentials, rate laws, and equilibrium constants. Sample calculations are provided for determining thermodynamic quantities, cell potentials, and products of electrolysis.

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    The document contains 24 review questions covering topics in chemistry including thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry, and acid-base reactions. The questions are multiple choice or require calculations and include balancing equations, determining oxidation states, calculating standard reduction potentials, rate laws, and equilibrium constants. Sample calculations are provided for determining thermodynamic quantities, cell potentials, and products of electrolysis.

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    23 views3 pages

    Review Questions

    Uploaded by

    Marik
    The document contains 24 review questions covering topics in chemistry including thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry, and acid-base reactions. The questions are multiple choice or require calculations and include balancing equations, determining oxidation states, calculating standard reduction potentials, rate laws, and equilibrium constants. Sample calculations are provided for determining thermodynamic quantities, cell potentials, and products of electrolysis.

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    of 3

    REVIEW QUESTIONS

    Multiple Choice Questions


    1. At 298K, Keq = 4.3410–5 for the reaction: PH3(g) + HI(g)  PH4I(s). G for this reaction is
    A) 17.6 kJ B) 24.9 kJ C) 0 kJ D) –16.7 kJ E) –30.2 kJ

    2. At 298K, the reaction: H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O(l) is


    A) disfavoured by the enthalpy change as written.
    B) favoured by the entropy change as written.
    C) favoured by both the enthalpy and entropy changes as written.
    D) spontaneous in the reverse direction.
    E) spontaneous as written.

    3. The boiling point of CH3COOH(l) can be calculated to be:


    A) 426C B) 153C C) 0.426C D) 799C E) –153C

    4. The oxidation state of P in Na2HPO4 is


    A) +1 B) –1 C) +5 D) +3 E) –3

    5. Given Zn(s) + Sn2+(aq)  Sn(s) + Zn2+(aq)


    The standard free energy change in kJ/mol for this reaction at 298K is:
    A) 1.2102 B) –21.2 C) –60 D) –1.2102 E) 60

    6. The value of the equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction


    Br2(l) + H2O(l)  H+(aq) + Br–(aq) + HOBr(aq) at 298K is:
    A) 1.610–9 B) 2.5104 C) 4.110–5 D) 6.1108 E) 1.210–4

    7. A current is passed through a molten mixture of ZnI 2 and KCl. The product at the cathode is:
    A) K+ B) Cl– C) I2 D) Zn E) K

    8. Use the following experimental data for NO(g) + Cl2(g)  NOCl2(g)


    Trial [NO] [Cl2] Initial Rate
    –2 –2
    1 1.0110 5.3010 5.0010–2
    2 1.0210–2 1.0510–1 1.9910–1
    3 2.0210–2 1.5110–1 9.0210–1
    4 3.0210–2 1.5310–1 1.34
    The order of Cl2(g) in the rate law is:
    A) 1 B) none of these C) 2 D) 3 E) 0

    9. Tritium is radioactive and decays with a half-life of 12.5 years. If an experiment starts with
    1.0010–6 moles of tritium, the number of moles of tritium left after 4.5 years is
    A) 1.110–7 B) 7.810–7 C) 3.610–7 D) 4.810–6 E) 1.010–9

    10. The rate constant for a particular first order reaction at 500C is 1.2010–4 s–1. The rate constant
    for this reaction at 600C is 6.8010–3 s–1. The activation energy in kJ/mol for this reaction is:
    A) 27.4 B) 226 C) 318 D) 3.36 E) 33.6
    1
    Problem Questions:
    11. Calculate the work needed to make room for products in the combustion of 2 moles of C4H10(g) to
    carbon dioxide and water vapor at STP (1 L·atm = 101.325 J).

    12. At the normal boiling point of CH3CH2OH(l), 315.7 K, the value of the standard enthalpy of
    vaporization is 38.7 kJ•mol-1. Assuming that CH3CH2OH(g) behaves as an ideal gas and that the
    molar volume of CH3CH2OH(l) is negligible compared to that of CH3CH2OH(g), calculate the
    values of q, w, Uo, So, and Go for the reversible vaporization of 1 mole of CH3CH2OH(l) at
    315.7 K and 1 atm.

    13. If the Ksp of AgI is 8.510–17 at 298 K, calculate Grxn for the reaction of 5 mL of 0.20 M
    AgNO3(aq) with 5 mL of 0.20 M NaI(aq) at 298 K.

    14. Balance the reaction: IO3–(aq) + I–(aq)  I3–(aq) which occurs in acidic solution.

    15. Balance the following equation in basic solution:


    OCl–(aq) + SCN–(aq)  SO42–(aq) + CO32–(aq) + NO3–(aq) + Cl–(aq)

    16. The overall reaction in the lead storage battery is


    Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2HSO4–(aq)  2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l); E = 2.04V at 298K
    a) Calculate E at 298K for this battery when [H+] = [HSO4–] = 4.5M
    b) For the cell reaction in the lead storage battery, H = – 315.9 kJ and S = 263.5 J/K.
    Calculate E at –20C.
    c) Calculate E at –20C when [H+] = [HSO4–] = 4.5M

    17. Consider a voltaic cell based on the following half reaction


    VO2+(aq) + 2H+(aq) + e–  VO2+(aq) + H2O(l) ; E = 1.00V
    Zn2+(aq) + 2e–  Zn(s); E = –0.76V
    a) Write the overall cell reaction which is spontaneous under standard conditions and determine
    E for this cell at T = 298K.
    b) Determine the cell potential, E, at T = 298K if [VO2+] = 2.0M, [H+] = 0.50M,
    [VO2+] = 1.1010–2 M and [Zn2+] = 1.010–1 M

    18. The standard voltage of the cell: Pt(s)Hg(l)Hg2Cl2(s)Cl–(aq) || Hg22+(aq)g(l) Pt(s)


    is +0.529 V at 25oC. Calculate the Ksp of Hg2Cl2.

    19. Consider a voltaic cell at 298K with the net cell equation:
    H2(g) + 2AgCl(s)  2H+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) + 2Ag(s)
    a) Write the appropriate half reactions and calculate the cell potential under standard conditions.
    b) With [Cl–] = 1.0M & P(H2) = 1.00 atm, the measured cell voltage is +0.340V. Calculate pH.

    20. When 1 M NiBr2(aq) is electrolyzed at pH = 7, what is the product formed at the anode (or
    cathode)? Assume that no overpotential is present and standard conditions are used. If one were to
    assume an overpotential of 0.50 V in the production of any gases, does your answer change?
    2
    21. Sodium metal is produced commercially by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. Calculate
    the mass of sodium and the volume of chlorine gas measured at 1 atm and 25C produced by a
    current of 20.0 amperes in 1.00 hour.

    22. How many moles of O2(g) are produced by electrolysis of Na2SO4(aq) if 0.240 A is passed through
    the solution for 65.0 minutes?

    23. A proposed mechanism for the gas phase reaction of bromine with bromoform (tribromomethane) is:
    Br2(g)  2Br•(g) K1, fast equilibrium
    Br•(g) + CHBr3(g)  HBr(g) + •CBr3(g) k2, slow
    •CBr3(g) + Br• (g)  CBr4(g) k3, fast
    Write the overall reaction and find an expression for the rate law.

    24. Plot the energy profiles (and identify E a, forward) for the following reaction mechanisms:
    (i) a slow step followed by a fast step (overall endothermic reaction)
    (ii) a fast step followed by a slow step (exothermic reaction)

    DATA
    1 atm = 1.013×105 Pa 1 L = 10–3 m3 R = 8.314 J mol–1 K–1 F = 96 485 C/mol
    At T = 298K, 2.303RT/F = 0.0591 V and RT/F = 0.025693

    Thermodynamics Data at T = 298K


    Hf, kJ/mol Gf, kJ/mol S, J/mol K
    H2O(g) – 241.8 – 228.6 188.7
    H2O(l) – 285.8 – 237.2 69.9
    CH3COOH(l) – 484.5 – 390.0 159.8
    CH3COOH(g) – 432.25 – 65.28 282.4

    Standard Reduction Potentials at T = 298K E, V


    – –
    Cl2(l) + 2e  2Cl (aq) +1.36
    – –
    HOBr(aq) + H (aq) + 2e  Br (aq) + H2O(l) +1.32
    +

    O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e–H2O(l) +1.23


    – –
    Br2(l) + 2e  2Br (aq) +1.07
    –
    Ag (aq) + e  Ag(s)
    +
    +0.799
    – –
    I2(s) + 2e  2I (aq) +0.535
    – –
    AgCl(s) + e  Ag(s) + Cl (aq) +0.222
    –
    H (aq) + e  H2(g)
    +
    0.000
    –
    Sn (aq) + 2e  Sn(s)
    2+
    – 0.14
    –
    Ni (aq) + 2e  Ni(s)
    2+
    – 0.24
    –
    Zn (aq) + 2e  Zn(s)
    2+
    – 0.76
    – –
    H2O(l) + 2e  H2(g) + 2OH (aq) – 0.83
    –
    K (aq) + e  K(s)
    +
    – 2.92

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