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Astm C1567 - 13 PDF
Astm C1567 - 13 PDF
for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1567 − 13
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C127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
1.2 The test results are only valid for the specific combina- and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
tions of pozzolan, slag, and reactive aggregates tested. C128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
1.3 This test is not suitable for evaluating the potential for and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
deleterious reaction of combinations of hydraulic cement and C150 Specification for Portland Cement
aggregate (that is, in the absence of pozzolans or ground C151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic
granulated blast-furnace slag). Cement
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this C490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of
standard. Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the Concrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Concrete
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precau- Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
tionary statement is given in the section on Reagents. Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- for Test Methods for Construction Materials
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and
Mortars
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
Mixtures
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C09.50 on Aggregate Reactions in Concrete. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published February 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1567–11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1567-13. the ASTM website.
4.4 Different levels of pozzolan and ground granulated contain 40.0 g of NaOH dissolved in 900 mL of water, and
blast-furnace slag may require testing to determine the amount shall be diluted with additional distilled or deionized water to
required to reduce expansion to an acceptable level. Pozzolans obtain 1.0 L of solution. The volume proportion of sodium
and ground granulated blast-furnace slag may be tested sepa- hydroxide solution to mortar bars in a storage container shall
rately or in combination. be 4 6 0.5 volumes of solution to 1 volume of mortar bars. The
4.5 It is recommended to test the same aggregate and volume of a mortar bar may be taken as 184 mL. Include
hydraulic cement (without pozzolans and slag) using Test sufficient test solution to ensure complete immersion of the
Method C1260. mortar bars.
6.3.1 Warning—Before using NaOH, review: (1) the safety
4.6 This test method may underestimate the expansion of
precautions for using NaOH; (2) first aid for burns; and (3) the
cementitious systems containing pozzolans with an alkali
emergency response to spills, as described in the manufactur-
er’s Material Safety Data Sheet or other reliable safety litera-
3
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of ture. NaOH can cause very severe burns and injury to unpro-
the text. tected skin and eyes. Suitable personal protective equipment
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Method C1437 using 10 drops of the flow table. If liquid container after measurement.
HRWR is used, the water present in the liquid must be included
in the calculation of the water-cementitious material ratio. 10. Calculation
8.5.4 Mixing of Mortar—Mix the mortar in accordance with 10.1 Calculate the difference between the zero comparator
the requirements of Practice C305. reading of the specimen and the reading at each period to the
8.5.5 Molding of Test Specimens—Mold test specimens nearest 0.001 % of the effective gage length and record as the
within a total elapsed time of not more than 2 min and 15 s expansion of the specimen for that period. Report the average
after completion of the original mixing of the mortar batch. Fill expansion of the three specimens of a given cementitious
the molds with two approximately equal layers, each layer materials-aggregate combination to the nearest 0.01 % as the
being compacted with the tamper. Work the mortar into the expansion for the combination for a given period.
corners, around the gage studs, and along the surfaces of the
mold with the tamper until a homogeneous specimen is 11. Report
obtained. After the top layer has been compacted, cut off the 11.1 Report the following information:
mortar flush with the top of the mold and smooth the surface 11.1.1 Type and source of aggregate,
with a few strokes of the trowel. 11.1.2 Type and source of hydraulic cement,
11.1.3 Type, source, and proportions of pozzolan
9. Procedure 11.1.4 Grade, source, and proportions of ground granulated
9.1 Initial Storage and Reading—Place each mold in the blast-furnace slag
moist cabinet or room immediately after molds have been 11.1.5 Autoclave expansion and alkali content of cement as
filled. The specimens shall remain in the molds for 24 6 2 h. percent potassium oxide (K2O), sodium oxide (Na2O), and
Remove the specimens from the molds and, while they are calculated sodium oxide (Na2O) equivalent (Na2Oeq = %Na2O
being protected from loss of moisture, properly identify and + 0.658 × %K2O),
make an initial comparator reading. Make and record the initial 11.1.6 Average length change in percent at each reading of
and all subsequent readings to the nearest 0.002 mm. Place the the specimens,
specimens made with each aggregate sample in a storage 11.1.7 Any relevant information concerning the preparation
container with sufficient tap water to totally immerse them. The of aggregates, including the grading of the aggregate when it
temperature of the water used to immerse the specimens shall differs from that given in 8.2,
be 23.0 6 2.0°C at the time of immersion. Seal and place the 11.1.8 Any significant features revealed by examination of
containers in an oven or water bath at 80.0 6 2.0 °C for a the specimens during and after test,
period of 24 h 6 2 h. 11.1.9 Amount of mixing water expressed as a mass fraction
9.2 Zero Readings—Remove the containers from the oven of the total cementitious material,
or water bath one at a time. Remove other containers only after 11.1.10 A graph of the length change data from the time of
the bars in the first container have been measured and returned the zero reading to the end of the 16 day period.
to the oven or water bath. The time elapsed between removal 12. Precision and Bias
and return of the specimens to the oven or water bath shall not
exceed 10 min. Remove the bars one at a time from the water 12.1 The following precision statements are taken from Test
and dry their surface with a towel paying particular attention to Method C1260, and are based on tests without pozzolans or
the two metal gage studs. Take the zero reading (see Note 6) of ground slag.
each bar immediately after drying, and read as soon as the bar 12.2 Within-Laboratory Precision—It has been found that
is in position. Complete the process of drying and reading the average within-laboratory coefficient of variation for ma-
within 15 6 5 s of removing the specimen from the water. terials with an average expansion greater than 0.1 % at 14 days
After taking comparator readings, leave the specimen on a is 2.94 % (9) (Note 7). Therefore, the results of two properly
towel until comparator readings have been taken on the conducted tests within the same laboratory on specimens of a
12.3 Multi-Laboratory Precision—It has been found that the 12.4 Bias—Since there is no accepted reference material for
average multilaboratory coefficient of variation for materials determining the bias of this test method, no statement on bias
with an average expansion greater than 0.1 % at 14 days is is being developed.
15.2 % (9) (Note 7). Therefore, the results of two properly
conducted tests in different laboratories on specimens of a 13. Keywords
sample of aggregate should not differ by more than 43 % (Note 13.1 aggregate; alkali-silica reactivity; length change; mor-
7) of the mean expansion. tar; pozzolans, slag, sodium hydroxide
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.1 There is good agreement in the published literature (2, than 0.10 % at 16 days after casting are indicative of poten-
10-12) for the following expansion limits: tially deleterious expansion. However, the potential for delete-
X1.1.1 Combinations of cement, pozzolan, or ground rious reaction should be confirmed by testing the same com-
granulated blast-furnace slag, and aggregate that expand less bination of materials in concrete (that is, Test Method C1293).
than 0.10 % at 16 days after casting are likely to produce The expansion may be reduced by retesting the material
acceptable expansions when tested in concrete (that is, Test combination using the pozzolan or ground granulated blast-
Method C1293) and to have a low risk of deleterious expansion furnace slag at a higher replacement level.
when used in concrete under field conditions.
X1.1.2 Combinations of cement, pozzolan, or ground
granulated blast-furnace slag, and aggregate that expand more
REFERENCES
(1) Oberholster, R. E., and Davies, G., “An Accelerated Method for et al), Dundee, Scotland, 2001, pp. 167-177.
Testing the Potential Alkali Reactivity of Siliceous Aggregates.” (7) Baxter, S. “Recycled glass in concrete: the good news and the bad
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Cement and Concrete Research, Vol 16, 1986, pp. 181–189. news.” Beneficial Use of Recycled Materials in Transportation
(2) Davies, G., and Oberholster, R. E., “Use of the NBRI Accelerated Test Applications, (Ed. T. Eighmy), Virginia, 2001, pp. 747-756.
to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Mineral Admixtures in Preventing the (8) Hooton, R. D., “Interlaboratory Study of the NBRI Rapid Test Method
Alkali-Silica Reaction,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol 17, and CSA Standardization Status,” Report EM-92, Ontario Ministry of
1987, pp. 97–107. Transport, March 1990, pp. 225–240.
(3) Davies, G., and Oberholster, R. E., “An Interlaboratory Test Pro- (9) Rogers, C.A., “Multi-laboratory Study of the Accelerated Mortar Bar
gramme on the NBRI Accelerated Test to Determine the Alkali- Test (ASTM Test Method C1260) for Alkali-Silica Reaction,”
Reactivity of Aggregates,” National Building Research Institute, Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, Vol 21, 1999, pp. 185–194.
CSIRO, Special Report BOU 92-1987, Pretoria, RSA, 1987, 16 pp. (10) Berra, M., Mangialardi, T. and Paolini, A. E. “Application of the
(4) Oberholster, R. E., “Alkali Reactivity of Siliceous Rock Aggregates: NaOH bath test method for assessing the effectiveness of mineral
Diagnosis of the Reaction, Testing of Cement and Aggregate and admixtures against reaction of alkali with artificial siliceous aggre-
Prescription of Preventative Measures,” Alkali in Concrete, Research gate.” Cement & Concrete Composites, Vol. 16, 1994, pp. 207-218.
and Practice, Copenhagen, 1983, Danish Concrete Association, pp. (11) Bérubé, M-A., Duchesne, J., and Chouinard, D. “Why the acceler-
419–433. ated mortar bar method ASTM C1260 is reliable for evaluating the
(5) Shehata, M.H. and Thomas, M.D.A. “The Effects of Fly Ash effectiveness of supplementary cementing materials in suppressing
Composition on the Expansion of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica expansion due to alkali-silica reactivity.” Cement, Concrete, and
Reaction.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, July 2000, pp. Aggregates, Vol. 17, No. 1, 1995, pp. 26 - 34.
1063-1072. (12) Thomas, M.D.A. and Innis, F.A. “Use of the accelerated mortar bar
(6) Mehland, I. and Dahl, P.A. “Recycling glass cullet as concrete test for evaluating the efficacy of mineral admixtures for controlling
aggregates: applicability and durability.” Proceedings of the Interna- expansion due to alkali-silica reaction.” Cement, Concrete, and
tional Symposium: Recycling and Reuse of Glass Cullet, (Ed. R. Dhir Aggregates, Vol. 21 (2), 1999, pp. 157-164.
Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this test method since the last issue,
C1567–11, that may impact the use of this test method. (Approved January 1, 2013)
Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this test method since the last issue,
C1567–08, that may impact the use of this test method. (Approved August 1, 2011)
(1) Added new 4.2 to indicate that only one aggregate product
should be tested in a single batch. Renumbered subsequent
paragraphs.
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