Understanding Design Thinking
Understanding Design Thinking
Course - Prelude
Welcome to the course on Understanding Design Thinking. In this course, you
will learn the following topics:
Design Thinking
Let's watch this video to understand the design thinking process.
Human Empathy is the first and probably the most crucial stage during Design
thinking. In this stage, the problem is viewed through users perspective, and a
solution is developed based on the empathic understanding of the users' needs.
This process allows the designer and the team to set aside their views and
assumptions while developing a solution.
In this stage, the problem is divided into several parts, and each part of
the problem is clearly defined by synthesizing and analyzing the data and
information collected during the empathizing stage.
This helps in understanding every part of the problem and developing
solutions.
Ideation
This is the stage where the Designers start developing the solutions to the
problems defined by collecting and analyzing the data during the empathizing
period. In this stage, unusual ideas are welcomed, questions are asked that
lead to other questions that help in addressing the core of the problem.
Brainstorming, and
In this stage, the team does the experimentation. They build the
prototypes based on the solutions developed during the ideation stage.
In this stage, the team builds prototypes in quick iterations, based on the
ideas available.
Testing
In this stage, the designers rigorously test the product using the best
solutions developed during the prototyping stage. This is the final stage
in Design Thinking.
Even during this stage, changes and refinements are made to rule out
faulty solutions and derive as deep an understanding of the product and
its users as possible.
The Team
In Design thinking, the different roles of the team members are viewed as
a perspective they bring in problem-solving.
Sometimes teams come up with great ideas, but there are two things that
they forget to take into consideration. First is socializing with the
stakeholders and explaining the idea so that it can be turned into a
business and the second is the ground reality of delivery. i.e., the
overheads of actually manufacturing and delivering it to the user.
Tangibilty
Tangibility allows visualizing your complex ideas and make them
understand to the world.
The first quality is the ability to frame a problem based on the inputs available.
The second quality is to allow experimentation. While experimenting and
prototyping, priority should be given to the hardest functionalities or features
and fail fast methodology must be applied.
The third quality is communicating ideas. A good leader must welcome different
ideas generated by different members in a team and communicate them with
the other members of the team to develop them.
The fourth quality is collaborating with the team. It is important that the leader
should work with the team to solve the problems. A good leader must make
himself available for the team.
A good leader must know the type of skills required to complete a team.
Often the team is so busy focusing on the needs and wants of the users, the
problem and finding the solution that they forget the most important part of the
team. i.e., knowing the team members and knowing the needs of each team
member and their expectations from the team.
Team Leap Activity
Team leap is a team activity to build the team trust and empathy.
Archetypes
Activities
Interactions
Principles
Archetypes
Archetypes describe patterns of behaviors, attitudes, and motivations
shared between people towards a brand or product.
Activities
Activities capture the actions and goals of a customer across their
end-to-end experience, from their perspective.
With the numerous ways of interactions that have developed with the rise in
technology, it is important to maintain a consistent interaction with the
customers through experience principles.
If the interactions are inconsistent, the organization may lose the brand image
and the loyal customer base.
Experience Principles are criteria built from the customer needs that
help in customer interactions and enable the organization to build a
good customer experience.
Experience principles are built from the higher order needs of the customers
like affiliations, sense of belonging, and self-fulfillment.
Hypothesis Generation
This video describes the importance of hypothesis generation.
Journey Maps
A journey map describes the journey of describing the needs of the
customer to delivering the final solution. The journey map highlights the
critical opportunities along that time frame, which can be the seeds for
concept generation.
It's a powerful tool for the team to keep the users' long view in mind as
they design a product or service.
To make a customer journey map, it is usually organized around some
generalized stages of engagement on a left-to-right axis. The stages tend
to vary by industry, but generally go from either low engagement to high
engagement or back in time to now.
Synthesis
Synthesis is the act of making sense of all the data collected. This video
explains more about synthesis and the techniques used for synthesis in Design
Thinking.
Concepting
In synthesis, the team will have identified promising opportunity areas that
represent a human need and an opportunity for the business. However, fresh,
new ideas are hard to come by through everyday thinking and conversation,
and people need ways to generate new ideas. So, Edward de Bono, a famous
psychologist suggested some methods to think out of the box. These are lateral
thinking and Six Thinking Hats methods.
1. Delay Judgment: Don't jump into conclusions based on a single idea, let the
ideas come from different sources.
2. Supportive culture: Support the different members of the team and help them
build ideas and solutions.
3. Visualizing and making things tangible: The concepts should be visualized
using white-boards, sticky-notes, and simple sketches. This helps in making
things tangible.
Data Intelligence
This video discusses how data intelligence helps the Design Thinking process.
If the concept answers any of these questions, then pivot it to the concept using
data intelligence methods like worksheets. They are the general analog method
for recording data.
What is Prototyping?
Prototyping
This video explains the process of prototyping.
Types of Prototyping
Prototyping is of many kinds, but the two widely used terms are:
Low Fidelity Prototyping:
In low fidelity prototyping, prototypes are built using papers, stickers or
any materials that are readily available, and these prototypes are not
necessarily working. They are made in quick iterations. Low fidelity
prototypes usually do not have user interactions
High Fidelity Prototyping:
In high fidelity prototyping, the prototypes are made using computer
graphic tools, and real working prototypes are created. High Fidelity
prototypes have user interactions.
Types of Prototyping
Prototyping is of many kinds, but the two widely used terms are:
Low Fidelity Prototyping:
In low fidelity prototyping, prototypes are built using papers, stickers or
any materials that are readily available, and these prototypes are not
necessarily working. They are made in quick iterations. Low fidelity
prototypes usually do not have user interactions
High Fidelity Prototyping:
In high fidelity prototyping, the prototypes are made using computer
graphic tools, and real working prototypes are created. High Fidelity
prototypes have user interactions.
Prototyping Guidelines
Several guidelines can be followed while developing a prototype.
Start building: The first guideline is to start building the prototype from
whatever ideas you have conceptualized without thinking about the outcome.
Don't spend Much time: Prototypes are built for experiencing the concepts
and not for developing a fully functional product. So much time should not be
wasted in building them. prototypes
Fail Fast: Prototypes must be built in quick successions and fail agile
methodology must be implemented in which each prototype is built by learning
from the previous failure.
Remember the concept: The concept on which the prototype is being built
must be remembered, and care must be taken not to deviate from it.
Keep the user in mind: The whole design thinking concept is user-centered,
so the prototypes built must be user-centered too. The high fidelity prototypes
that provide user interaction must design the prototypes by keeping the users in
mind.
Data-driven prototyping
Data Prototyping
Data Prototyping
Data prototyping is a technique where raw data from different sources
is developed into a dataset and how those datasets can be transformed
into useful concepts and prototypes for the end users.
Data prototyping is generally used in places where Data Migration is
needed. Data integration is required and where applications are
developed.
Data prototyping is similar to Design Prototyping where mock-ups are
created to explain the concepts created using data intelligence.
Culture Change
This video explains the various ways Design Thinking is being adopted in
organizations to spread a culture of innovation.
Finally, you have arrived at the end of the course. In this course, you have
learned the following topics:
What's Next?
This course was an introduction to what design thinking is, and there is
so much more to learn about it. In the next courses, you will learn the
following topics: