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First Quarter - Module 8 Operations On Rational Numbers: Mathematics
First Quarter - Module 8 Operations On Rational Numbers: Mathematics
The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module is designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled
to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Table of Contents
What’s In ---------------------- 4
What’s New ---------------------- 5
What Is It ---------------------- 5
What’s More ---------------------- 10
Lesson 2 ---------------------- 11
What’s In ---------------------- 11
What’s New ---------------------- 12
What Is It ---------------------- 12
What’s More ---------------------- 15
Lesson 3 ---------------------- 16
What’s In ---------------------- 16
What’s New ---------------------- 17
What Is It ---------------------- 18
What’s More ---------------------- 20
Lesson 4 ---------------------- 21
What’s In ---------------------- 21
What’s New ---------------------- 22
What Is it ---------------------- 22
What’s More ---------------------- 24
This module is designed and written to help you master the nature of
rational numbers and its operations. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations.
1
What I Know
Before starting with this module, let us see what you already know
about operations on rational numbers.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of your answer
and write it in your Mathematics notebook.
1. What is the result of adding and ?
A. B. C. D.
A. B. - C. D.
A. - B. - C. D.
5. Von received Php 72.35 from his father. He spent Php 50.30 for his
photocopy. How much money does he left?
A. Php 22.05 C. Php 220.5
B. Php 122.35 D. Php 225
6. Stephen worked 6 hours on Monday morning and hour on Monday
7. Hector is 1.62m tall. His brother Rey is 1.4m tall. What is the difference
of their heights?
A. 0.22m B.2.02m C. 20.2m D. 22.0m
8. On a Saturday 24 people bought cars at Best Car Sales. Of the 24
customers, bought new cars. How many people bought new cars?
A. 18 B. 20 C. 22 D. 24
2
9. What is the product in multiplying 3.5 by 1.5?
A. 5.25 B. 5.3 C. 52.5 D. 525
10. What is the result in dividing by ?
A. B. C. D.
11. One weekend Roberto worked few hours of overtime. He earned Php
43.50 on Saturday and Php 72.50 on Sunday. How much did Roberto
earn that weekend?
A. Php 114.00 C. Php 116.00
B. Php 115.00 D. Php 117.00
12. Victor looks up the price of computer disks. He can buy a box of 50 disks
for Php 21.99. Which is the correct expression to find the cost of one
disk?
A. C.
B D.
13. What do you call the fraction whose numerator is greater than the
denominator?
A. Improper Fraction C. Equivalent Fraction
B. Proper Fraction D. Similar Fraction
14. Find the quotient if 8.6 is divided by 2.
A. 4.3 B. 4.4 C. 4.5 D. 4.6
15. A 20L tank is to be filled with water by repeatedly pouring from a can
which holds 2 L. How many pouring are needed to fill the tank?
A. 10 B. 9 C. 8 D. 7
3
Lesson
Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
1
What’s In
Before we proceed to our lesson, let’s have a review on what you have
learned from the previous lesson.
1. A. 0.75
2. B. 0.5
3. C. 0.3
4. D. 0.6
5. E. 0.4
4
What’s New
Lilliana was born as half – Filipino, half – Indian girl. During the current
pandemic, she was asked by her mother to take charge in preparing bread
that will be given to their neighbors. She received kilos of flour from her
grandmother and kilos of flour from her Aunt Ishtar. How many kilos of
What is It
Addition of Fractions
If a, b, c are integers, and b 0,
Mathematical Concept
then + =
5
Dissimilar fractions are
and , and , and
fractions having different
denominators.
Example 1 Example 2
To add dissimilar
fractions, do the Add and . Add and .
following steps:
Step 1: Step 1:
(1) Find the Least
Common Denominator
(LCD). + +
Least Common
Denominator
Since the denominators Since the
- the smallest number
are 12 and 6, then the denominators are 4
that is divisible by the and 16, then the LCD
LCD is 12.
denominators of all is 16.
fractions being
considered
Step 2: Step 2:
(2) The LCD will be the
new denominator. To
obtain a new + +
numerator, divide the + +
LCD by the given
+ +
denominator then
multiply the quotient to
the given numerator.
You now have similar
fractions.
Step 3: Step 3:
(3) Using the new
expression, just simply + = or + = or
add the new
Since 10 and 12 are both Since 14 and 16 are
numerators and copy divisible by 2, then its
divisible by 2, then its
the common simplest form is .
simplest form is .
denominator.
6
Subtraction of Fractions
If a, b, c are integers, and b 0,
Mathematical
Concept
then - =
Example 1 Example 2
To subtract dissimilar
fractions, perform the Subtract and
Subtract and .
following steps: .
Step 1: Step 1:
(1) Find the Least Common
Denominator (LCD). - -
7
(3) Using the new Step 3: Step 3:
expression, just simply
- = - =
subtract the numerators
and copy the common
denominator. For The GCF between 4 Since is in its
example no. 1 you need and 20 is 4 simplest form, then
to look for the greatest
it is considered as
common factor. So, =5
the final answer.
Therefore, the simplest
Greatest Common form of is . So, is
Factor (GCF) - the
the final answer.
greatest integer that
is a factor of all the
given integers.
Lilliana was born as half – Filipino, half – Indian girl. During the
current pandemic, she was asked by her mother to take charge in
preparing bread that will be given to their neighbors. She received kilos
of flour from her grandmother and kilos of flour from her Aunt Ishtar.
Solution:
+ = or 11
8
Note: As you can see, is known to be an improper fraction, a fraction
Further Explanations
Mathematical Concept in Improper fraction = quotient
Mixed Form
- a fraction whose
numerator is less than , , ,
its denominator.
- a fraction whose
, , ,
numerator is greater
than its denominator.
9
What’s More
Key:
1. _____ C
2. _____ H 1
3. _____ I
4. _____
U
5. _____
P
6. _____ 6
S 2
Riddle Answer:
C
A
3 2 1 4
10
Lesson
Multiplication and Division of Fractions
2
What’s In
Before we proceed to our next lesson, answer the riddle below. This is
a review on our previous discussion.
Activity 3: Adding and Subtracting Fractions
Let’s find Out: sum and difference of fractions
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
Find the sum and difference of the numbers below. Match each answer
to a letter in the key. Then write the letter on the line above its problem
number. The first one is done for you.
What did one keyboard say to another keyboard?
Key:
𝟕 𝟐 𝟓 𝟒
R E E P
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟕 𝟖 𝟐𝟕
𝟕 𝟏𝟏 𝟕
M Y A 1 T
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟑 𝟐𝟎
𝟏 𝟑
Y U
𝟕 𝟏𝟏
Riddle Answer:
R
11
What’s New
What is It
To help Aida solve her problem let us study and understand the
concepts on multiplication and division of fractions.
Multiplication of Fractions
12
Division of Fractions
Step 1: Step 1:
Given:
(1) Copy the first fraction,
get the reciprocal of
the second fraction
x
then proceed to
multiplication. Notice that operation Notice that the operation
changes when you are changes when you are
getting the reciprocal. getting the reciprocal.
Reciprocal is the
process of exchanging
the numerator and the becomes becomes
denominator
13
Let us now analyze and answer the question posted earlier.
Given: - hour
= 9 Final answer
14
What’s More
Activity 4: What Am I?
Let’s Find Out: product and quotient of fractions
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
1. Solve the exercises as indicated to figure out the riddle.
2. Find the answer inside the box below.
3. Copy the table on your Mathematics notebook and write the letters of
your answer to find the hidden word.
4. The first one is done for you. ( x = or 80 ).
Riddle:
I’m tall when I’m young and I’m short when I’m old. What am I?
20
C A 3 x
L x E ÷
x 18 ÷
D N
Answer 80 7
Letter C
15
Lesson
Addition and Subtraction of Decimals
3
What’s In
Recall that just like integers and fractions, we can also add, subtract,
multiply and divide decimals. Before we proceed to the next lesson, perform
the activity below.
Activity 5: Part of Me
Let’s find Out: name and quotient of fraction
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way: Write the fraction that represents the shaded part of
the given figure and find the quotient. The first one is done for you.
A B C
1. 0.25
2.
3.
16
What’s New
What Am I?
“I have hands but can’t clap”
Directions: Decode the answer by finding the sum and difference of the
following decimals. Write the letter of the answer corresponding to the item in
the box provided below.
K 21.36 + 8.7
A 3.5 + 4.7
C 0.77 + 1.5
C 7.3 - 4.1
L 10 - 7.3
O 6.35 - 2.15
We’re you able to get the correct answer? If not, do not worry
because the next lesson will help you understand the mathematical concepts
related to the activity.
17
What is It
Addition of Decimals
Step 2:
(2) Add the decimal numbers Step 2:
just like whole numbers. 2.50 5.84
Subtraction of Decimals
18
Let us go back to the riddle posted earlier and check if you get the
correct answer.
What Am I?
“I have hands but can’t clap.”
Directions: Decode the answer by finding the sum and difference of the
following decimals. Write the letter to the answer corresponding to the item in
the box provided below.
K 21.36 + 8.7
A 3.5 + 4.7
C 0.77 + 1.5
C 7.3 - 4.1
L 10 - 7.3
O 6.35 - 2.15
A C L O C K
8.2 3.2 2.7 4.2 2.27 30.06
19
What’s More
Activity 6: Find Me
Let’s Find Out : sum and difference of decimals
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
1. Add and subtract the following decimals.
2. Answers are on the box but you need to show your solutions.
3. Write the answers in your Mathematics notebook.
4. Number one is done for you.
= 7.08__________
20
Lesson
Multiplication and Division of Decimals
4
What’s In
In the previous lesson, you have learned how to add and subtract
decimal numbers. Before we are going to proceed to the next lesson answer
first the activity below.
Activity 7: Match Me!
Let’s Find Out: sum and difference of decimals
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way: Match the given operations in column A to its
corresponding answer in column B. write the letter of your answer
in your Mathematics notebook.
Column A Column B
21
What’s New
Just like fractions, we can also multiply and divide decimals. Try if you
can find the product and quotient of each given below.
What is It
Multiplication of Decimals
22
Division of Decimals
Step 3: Step 3:
(3) Check the answer by
multiplying the quotient 0.156 78.9
x 235 x 126
and the divisor.
0780 4734
+ 0468 + 1578
0312 789
36.660 9941.4
23
Now, let us answer the problem given earlier.
1. 71.2 x 3.2 = 227.84
22 3.8
2. 9.5 x 6.4 = 60.8
3. 4.56 ÷ 1.2 = 3.8 60.8 5.472
4. 78.6 ÷ 0.12 = 655
227.84 655
5. 48.4 ÷ 2.2 = 22
What’s More
A - 9.1 x 8 R - 5.67 ÷ 9
A - 13 x 0.4 O - 0.105 ÷ 6
P
______ _____ _____ _____ ____ ___ _____ _____ ______ _____
0.0728 0.47 0.375 0.306 5.2 3.5 0.0175 0.63 72.8 6.15
24
What I Have Learned
Activity 9: Fill Me In
Let’s Find Out: Word/s to complete the paragraphs
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way: Fill in the blanks to complete the paragraphs. Write the
answer in your Mathematics notebook .
25
What I Can Do
5
83.2 ÷ 52 x
5
(D) ____________ (E) ___________ (F) ___________
5
5
26
Assessment
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of the answer and
write it in your Mathematics notebook.
1. What is the least common denominator of and ?
A. 8 B. 12 C. 24 D. 36
2. What is the sum of and ?
A. B. C. D.
A. B. C. D.
A. B. C. D.
27
9. A pad of intermediate paper costs Php 46.50. How much will you pay
for 12 pads?
A. Php 495.00 C. Php 558.00
B. Php 500.00 D. Php 560.00
10. Andrew received Php 502.00 from his older brother Jian. If he spends
Php125.50 daily, how many days will he spend the money he
received?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
11. What is the product if 6.8 is multiplied by 5.3?
A. 36.04 B. 36.40 C. 37.40 D. 37.45
12. What is the quotient if 5.67 is divided by 9?
A. 0.43 B. 0.53 C. 0.63 D. 0.73
13. A pizza is cut into 8 equal pieces. After dinner only 1 piece was left.
What part of the pizza was eaten?
A. B. C. D.
A. B. C. D.
28
Additional Activities
2. - = ______________ 1
3. x = ______________
4. ÷ = ______________
29
30
What I have Learned
1.a+b/c 6. column
2. 0 7. place Value
3. 8. decimals
4. similar Fractions 9. Multiply
Assessment:
5.mixed Fractions/Number 10. Decimal places 1. C
2. D
What’s More 3. D
What’s In
4. A
Lesson 1 5. B
Lesson 1: 1. D 6. A
HICCUPS 2. A 7. A
Lesson 2: 3. E 8. A
4. C 9. C
CANDLE 10. B
5. B
Lesson 3: 11. A
Lesson 2
12. C
1. 7.08 YOU ARE MY TYPE 13. D
2. 2.71 Lesson 3 14. A
3. 766.9 2. 2/6 or 1/3 15. B
4. 13.192 3. 3/6 or 1/2
5. 27.75 DECIMALS
6. 125.56 Lesson 4 What I Know
1. C 1. D
Lesson 4: 2. C
2. E
PYTHAGORAS 3. A 3. A
4. A
4. F 5. A
5. B 6. D
What I Can Do 7. A
A. 73.4 8. A
B. 67.8 Additional Activities 9. A
C. 434.32 1. 2/3 10. B
D. 135.2 2. 1/2 11. C
E. 4 3. ¼ 12. C
F. 3/10 4. 1 13. A
G. -1/6 14. A
H. 8/25 15. C
Answer Key
References
Books:
Cecile M. De Leon, et al., Elementary Algebra (Textbook for First Year), JTW
Corporation,2002, p. 54 - 61
Electronic Resources:
https://prezi.com/yebknkitw7pi/integers-and-rational-numbers-in-real-life
http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/72097.html
https://brainly.in/question/1243409