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  • Characteristic of Jazz Styles PDF

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    The document provides a history of jazz styles from its origins in New Orleans in the early 1900s to modern eclectic jazz. It traces the evolution of jazz from its beginnings combining songs, rags, and blues, to later styles like swing, bebop, cool jazz, hard bop, modal jazz, free jazz, fusion, smooth jazz, neo bop, and eclectic jazz. Each style is defined by characteristics like instrumentation, levels of improvisation, arrangements, rhythmic feel, and musical influences. The document serves as a useful overview of the major eras and genres in the development of jazz music over the 20th century.

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    CHARACTERISTIC OF JAZZ STYLES.pdf

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    The document provides a history of jazz styles from its origins in New Orleans in the early 1900s to modern eclectic jazz. It traces the evolution of jazz from its beginnings combining songs, rags, and blues, to later styles like swing, bebop, cool jazz, hard bop, modal jazz, free jazz, fusion, smooth jazz, neo bop, and eclectic jazz. Each style is defined by characteristics like instrumentation, levels of improvisation, arrangements, rhythmic feel, and musical influences. The document serves as a useful overview of the major eras and genres in the development of jazz music over the 20th century.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    128 views5 pages

    Characteristic of Jazz Styles PDF

    Uploaded by

    aldogiovann
    The document provides a history of jazz styles from its origins in New Orleans in the early 1900s to modern eclectic jazz. It traces the evolution of jazz from its beginnings combining songs, rags, and blues, to later styles like swing, bebop, cool jazz, hard bop, modal jazz, free jazz, fusion, smooth jazz, neo bop, and eclectic jazz. Each style is defined by characteristics like instrumentation, levels of improvisation, arrangements, rhythmic feel, and musical influences. The document serves as a useful overview of the major eras and genres in the development of jazz music over the 20th century.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    NEW ORLEANS

    • +/- 1915

    Songs + Rags + Blues = Jazz

    • Around 1915-1928

    • Characteristic

    – Jazzing up Songs, Rags & Blues

    – Melody Section – Clarinet, Trumpet, Trombone

    – Rhythm Section – Piano/Banjo, Bass, Drums/Percussion

    Clarinet Play fast notes, trumpet play melody, Trombone play slow notes (Heterophony)

    Heterophony = fast licks of some instruments played over and over again (it was concepted, not purely
    improvising)

    SWING

    • Characteristic

    – Large Ensembles

    – Less improvisation

    – Emphasis on written arrangements

    – Emphasis on showmanship (Bands uniforms, theme songs, logos on stands,


    choreography)

    – Development of sections

    – Swing feel (4/4, emphasis on 2 & 4, Walking bass)

    • Standard big band arrangements consists of :

    – Tutti (All horns playing a melodic line in harmony)

    – Soli (one section featured playing a melodic line in harmony)

    – Shout Chorus (Climatic tutti section at the end of arrangement)

    – Cross Section Voicing (harmonized melodic line voiced using instruments from different
    sections)

    – Riffs (Short and usually repeated pattern of notes/rhythm)

    – Question & answer

    BEBOP
    • Keyword : small groups (combos)

    • Typical Bebop combo is a QUINTET that comprised of two horns (e.g., trumpet and saxophone)
    and rhythm section (piano, bass, and drums)

    Although usually a quintet, Bebop combos can range in size from a trio (e.g., piano, bass, and drums) to
    a septet (e.g., three horns, guitar, and rhythm section - piano, bass, and drums).

    • Main section (commonly sax, trumpet) :

    – plays the theme

    – main soloist

    • Rhythm section (Piano, Bass, Drums):

    – Piano comping – Free accents

    – space providing

    – sometimes soloing

    – Drums as metrum layer (legacy from swing)

    – Pulse in bass layer(legacy from swing)

    COOL JAZZ

    – Calm

    – Not rushing approach to Improvisation

    – Thin Textures

    – Softer dynamics

    – Smoother melodic phrasing

    – Less intense drummers, increased use of brushes

    – More sophisticated arrangement

    – New Compositions

    – New Instrument use

    – Not so harsh tone of the instruments

    – Counterpoints

    – Classical and blues combined

    – Polyphony texture adopted from classical music


    HARD BOP

    • Straight ahead

    • Hard driving/energetic

    • Emotional Emphasis (some Spiritual)

    • Danceable

    • Shuffle rhythm

    • Afro and Calypso

    • Straight eight elements

    • Simpler melodies approaches

    • Hardly influenced by Gospel and Blues

    • Primarily in New York, Detroit, Philadelphia

    Fractions of Hard Bop

    • Funky jazz

    Relatively simple (simple melodies, simple chord progressions, simple forms); its essence was one of
    groove and feeling and was heavily influenced by blues and gospel music.

    • Mainstream jazz

    Far more complex (more difficult melodies, improvisations, chord progressions, and forms); it was
    still about groove and feeling but added the complexities of bebop; a bit of arranging was often
    included as well (worked out introductions, endings, harmonized heads, background lines, etc.).

    MODAL JAZZ

    +/- 1958-1967

    MODAL = based on limited number of modes

    MODAL opposing Chord Changes (Progression)

    FREE JAZZ

    +/- 1959 – 1970

    1st RULE TO PLAY JAZZ IS – DO NOT PLAY TONALITY!!!


    FREE = PLAY WHATEVER

    1. Highest form of listening & Interaction of Jazz

    2. Difficult do listen to

    3. Very artistic and deep

    FUSION

    JAZZ ROCK

    • Characteristic

    – From Jazz : Sophistication & Complexity

    • Sophisticated Improvisations

    • Complex Interplay

    – From Rock : Power, Rhythm & Simplicity

    • Eletronic Instruments (Electric Guitars, Electric Bass, Keyboards & Synthesizers)

    • Rock Rhythms (Straight, not swing)

    • Simple Harmony (relatively, lots of vamps)

    Smooth Jazz
    (Pop/Contemporary Jazz)

    • Characteristic

    – Very Simple

    – Easy to listen to

    – Very commercial

    NEO BOP

    +/- 1980’s

    Neo = New/Revived/Modified

    Bop = From Bebop

    • Characteristic:
    – Faster Licks & Phrases (Bop licks) ….

    Leads to

    – “Perfection” of virtuosity (instrument skills)

    – Lots of double time solos

    – Straight feel

    – Mixture of Bebop & Hard Bop

    ECLECTIC JAZZ

    Characteristic:

    - No Singular Characteristic from the past is dominant

    - Crossovers

    - Further development and advancement of Electronic Jazz and use of computers (Post Fusion)

    - Revival of Bop & Traditional movement (Neo bop)

    - Perfection of instrumental & vocal skills

    - Huge contribution of female icons

    - European, World music & Asian flavor

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