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Past Paper Questions Forces and Motion Answers 1
Past Paper Questions Forces and Motion Answers 1
0654/11/M/J/12 Q28
The diagrams show a glass tank with inside measurements of 5cm ×6cm ×4cm.
The tank has a mass of 40g when empty. When the tank is filled with a liquid, the tank and liquid
have a total mass of 220g.
220
A g/cm3
(5 ×6 × 4)
220−40
B g/cm3
(5 ×6 × 4)
(5 ×6 × 4)
C g/cm3
220
(5 ×6 × 4)
D g/cm3
220−40
0654/11/M/J/12 Q29
A workman lifts a cubic block from ground level to a high shelf using a fork lift truck. A second
workman has a metre rule and a stopwatch.
Which quantity will the second workman be able to determine, using only the metre rule and the
stopwatch?
0654/11/M/J/12 Q30
The graph shows how the distance of an object changes with time.
Between which two times is the object moving with a changing speed?
A between 0s and 2s
B between 2s and 4s
C between 4s and 8s
0654/12/M/J/12 Q28
The following are distance/time graphs.
0654/11/O/N/12 Q28
What is the density of an object that has a mass of 20g and a volume of 5cm 3?
2700
A. g/cm3
25× 5
25× 5
B. g/cm3
2700
2700
C. g/cm3
25× 5 ×8
25× 5 ×8
D. g/cm3
2700
0654/11/O/N/13 Q29
A direction of movement
B mass
C shape
D speed
0654/11/M/J/13 Q29
0654/12/M/J/13 Q28
Three forces act in the directions shown on each of the four blocks.
0654/12/M/J/13 Q29
Sugar cane is a food crop grown in Australia. It is harvested and then transported on small trains to
the processing plant.
(a) The mass of the engine and empty trucks is 20000kg and the mass of the sugar cane transported
is 10000kg.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
[2]
Calculate the work done by the engine when the train travels 1km.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
[2]
(iii) It takes the train 5minutes to travel 1km. Calculate the power output of the engine.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
= 1000000000/300 = 3300000W ;
[2]
(b) The water used to irrigate one sugar cane farm comes from a waterfall. The farmer attempts to
reconstruct an experiment which may have been carried out by James Joule in 1847.
Joule attempted to show that the water at the bottom of a waterfall was hotter than water at the
top of the waterfall. His reasoning was that the water had gravitational potential energy at the top of
the waterfall, which would be converted to kinetic energy as it fell. This kinetic energy would be
changed to heat energy when the water fell into the pool at the bottom of the waterfall.
(i) 1kg of water has 300J of gravitational potential energy at the top of the waterfall.
State the maximum kinetic energy that 1kg of water will have when it reaches the bottom of the
waterfall. Explain your answer.
explanation
300J AND all potential energy will be converted into kinetic energy/energy is conserved ;
[1]
(ii) Assuming that all the kinetic energy of the water is converted to thermal (heat) energy, calculate
the temperature rise in the 1kg of water. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200J/kg°C.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
= 300/1 × 4200 ;
= 0.07°C ;
[3]
0654/31/M/J/12 Q1
(c) A car which is moving has kinetic energy. The faster a car goes, the more kinetic energy it has.
The kinetic energy of the car is 1120000J when the car is travelling at 40m/s.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
[2]
(d) A driver is accompanied by four other passengers and their heavy luggage.
Explain how the addition of the passengers and luggage affects the braking of the car compared to
when the driver is alone in the car.
greater force needed (to reduce momentum)/longer braking time/distance needed (to reduce KE) ;
[2]
(e) A car is moving along a road. The mass of the car is 1200kg and the resultant force acting on it is
1500N.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
[2]
0654/32/M/J/12 Q4 (part)
You are going to find the density of the material used to make a plastic pipe as shown in Fig. 2.1.
(a) Use Fig. 2.2, which shows a balance reading, to record the mass, M, of the piece of pipe to the
nearest 0.1g.
M= 13.7 ; g
[1]
(b) (i) Use a ruler and Fig. 2.3 to measure the length, l, the external diameter, d e, and the internal
diameter, di, of the piece of pipe to the nearest 0.1cm.
[3]
(ii) Use your values of the external diameter, d e, and the internal diameter, di, to calculate k, using
the formula given below.
k= de2– di2
k= cm 2
[2]
(iii) Use your values in (b)(i)and (b)(ii)to calculate V, in cm 3, the volume of the piece of pipe.
πkl
V=
4
V= cm3
[2]
(c) Use your values of the mass, M, and the volume, V, of the piece of pipe, to calculate D, the
density of the material used.
D= g/cm 3
[2]
0654/62/M/J/12 Q2
(c) A speed – time graph for the car is shown in Fig. 9.2. It shows the motion of the car over a 25
second period.
(i) State one part of the graph when the car was moving at constant speed and write down the value
of this speed.
part of graph
speed
[1]
(ii) Calculate the distance travelled by the car between A and D.
= 4.5m ;
[3]
0654/32/O/N/12 Q9c
graph B. acceleration
[1]
(b) The car travels at 20m/s for 90 seconds. The total force driving the car forward is 1000N.
Calculate the work done by this force during this 90 second journey.
State the formulae that you use and show your working.
working
[3]
= 3m/s2;
[2]
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
= 950 × 3 = 2850N ;
[2]
(iii) The manufacturer claims the car can reach a maximum speed of 170km/hr.
Explain, in terms of forces acting on the car, why there is a maximum speed (terminal velocity) that
a car can reach.
the faster a car goes the greater the air resistance/frictional force ;
(eventually) air resistance balances (maximum) driving force ;
[2]
0654/33/O/N/12 Q3
Three boys, A, Band C, walk together from their school to a store. They stay at the store for a few
minutes and then return to school.
The graph in Fig. 6.3 shows how their speeds vary with time.
1.2 × 240 (with or without units)/use of (distance =) speed × time, or area under graph ;
288m ;
[2]
(ii) For how many seconds do the boys stay in the store?
240(s) ; S
[1]
(iii) Which boy slowed down on his way back to school?
i) Calculate the work done by the elephant when the tree trunk moves 10m.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
= 1400 × 10 = 14 000J ;
__________________ [2]
ii) Calculate the kinetic energy of the elephant when it is moving at 1.5m/s.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
__________________ [2]
b) The elephant has a weight of 50000N and stands with all four feet in contact with the
ground. Each foot of the elephant has an area of 0.2m 2.
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
= 50000/0.8 = 62500N/m2;
__________________ [2]
State the formula that you use and show your working.
working
= 5000/5 = 1000kg/m3;
__________________ [2]
0654/32/M/J/13 Q2
(a) The speed/time graph in Fig. 1.2 shows the motion of the car over a short time.
(i) On Fig. 1.2, label A at a point when the car was accelerating.
[1]
280m ;
[2]
0654/33/M/J/13 Q1 (part)
A student is doing an experiment to find the mass of a metre rule. He rests the rule on the pivot at
the 40cm mark.
He hangs a 100g load at the 10cm mark of the ruler. He hangs a balancing mass, m= 50g, on the
other side of the rule so that the rule balances, see Fig. 2.1. The balancing mass is d cm from the
pivot.
•He adds 10g to the balancing mass, m, and adjusts its position so that the rule
balances.
Table 2.1
60 28.8 0.017
70
80 21.9 0.013
90
(a) (i) Figs. 2.2 and 2.3 show the scale of the rule and the positions of the balancing masses when m=
70g and m= 90g.
Read and record below the scale of the rule for each mass.
[1]
1
(iii) Calculate, to three decimal places, the values of for the masses 70g and 90g.
m
1/70 = 0.014 ;
1/90 = 0.011 ;
(penalise incorrect d.p. once only)
[2]
1
(b) (i) On the graph grid provided. plot distance, d, (vertical axis) against .
m
[2]
(ii) Find the gradient of the straight line you have drawn. Show clearly on the graph
gradient =
[2]
(c) Calculate the mass of the rule using the formula
gradient
mass of rule = 300− .
10
mass of the ruler = 300 – gradient/10 correctly calculated from candidate's graph (around 120 to
140), do not allow impossible masses e.g. negative ;
[1]
0654/61/O/N/12 Q2
A student is investigating forces acting at different angles. He is using the apparatus shown
in Fig. 2.1.
• He places a protractor behind point X so that angle θ can be measured, as in Fig. 2.2.
• He repeats the experiment using masses of 40, 60 and 80g for mass, m.
Table 2.1
0 0 0.00
20 11 0.19
40 22 0.37
60 35 0.57
80 50 0.77
(a) (i) Fig. 2.3 and 2.4 show the angles at point X for the masses m= 60g and m= 80g.
[2]
(ii) Use Table 2.2 to find the sines of the angles you have recorded in column 2 of Table 2.1.
Draw the best straight line. Extend it to the value of sine θ= 1.0.
[3]
(ii) Read and record the value of mass, m, when sine θ= 1.0.
[1]
(iii) In theory, m, from (b)(ii)should equal the sum of the two masses on the ends of the thread (=
100g). In practice it is rarely equal to the sum of the two masses.
Suggest another force, acting in the apparatus, which could cause the difference.
friction ;
[1]
(c) Suggest how the results of this experiment will compare if the experiment is carried out on the
surface of the Moon, where the acceleration due to gravity is much smaller than on Earth.
(the results should be the same) because gravity acts equally (on all three masses) ;
[1]
0654/62/O/N/12 Q2
A science student is using the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.1 to investigate the relationship between
the mass of a trolley and the time taken to travel along a track.
The trolley has a mass of 100g. It is made from a light but strong material. It can be loaded with
more masses.
The weight, W, is a fixed mass used to accelerate the trolley along the smooth level 1 metre track.
The release mechanism at point A and the contact point B are connected to a timer.
• the student loads the trolley so that it has a total mass of 3kg
• the trolley is released and the time taken to reach point Bis recorded in Table 3.1
• the trolley is loaded to give a different total mass and the experiment is repeated
(a) Suggest the name of a metal or plastic that can be used to make the light, strong trolley.
2.3
(c) (i) Plot a graph of the time taken, t against total mass of the trolley on the grid provided. Label the
axes. Use the points to draw a smooth curve.
curve drawn ;
[3]
(ii) When the curve is extended, it does not pass through the point (0,0).
the falling mass will take time to travel (1 metre even if the trolley weighs nothing)/impossible to
travel a distance in 0 secs ;
[1]
(d) On the same graph grid, draw a curve that might be obtained if the mass of the weight, W, is
increased. Label your curve increased mass.
[1]
(e) (i) Name the force that causes the acceleration of the trolley.
[1]
(ii) State where, in the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.1, this force is acting to cause the acceleration of
the trolley.
[2]
0654/63/O/N/12 Q3
(a) A student is finding the value of an unknown mass, M, of a fixed load by balancing it against a
range of known masses on a metre rule.
0.027
0.031
0.036
27.9 0.039
0.044
25.5 all recorded to 3 decimal places ;
any two correct ;
(i) Use Fig 6.2 to find the distance, x, for masses equal to 80g and 90g and complete column 2 of
Table 6.1. Measure to the centre of the mass.
[2]
(ii) Calculate 1 /x for each value of x and record your answers to 3 decimal places in Table 6.1.
[2]
(b) (i) On the grid provided, plot a graph of mass, m, (vertical axis) against 1/x.
(ii) Calculate the gradient of the line. Show clearly, on the graph, how you did this.
M= gradient/45
[1]
(d) This method of finding unknown masses is unsuitable for very small or very large masses.
Suggest a reason for either of these.
[1] 0654/61/M/J/13 Q6