Step 12sem 4

While histological examination of the womb mucous tunic were found sinuous glands,
serrated and corkscrew-like, extended, stroma growings with cells proliferation. Your diagnose:
+ glandular hyperplasia of endometrium
- acute endometrium
- leiomyoma
- hydated mole
- placental polyp
On the ventral surface of the tongue a man with prosthetic appliance on the lower jaw
dense grey plaque of irregular form with uneven surface and clear-cut borders. While
histological examination of formation preserved structure of multi-layer plane epithelium is
noticed, it is thickened at the expense of dogrose-like and basal layers, hyperkeratosis,
akantosis; lymphomacraphagal infiltration of subjecting conjunctive tissue. Diagnose the
disease:
+ leukoplakia
- erythroplakia
- papilloma
- carcinoma in citu
- condyloma
The right lung of the sick was extracted apropos of the swallowing, after it volume of the
lung enlarged on 50%. What process developed in the left lung?
+ vicarial hypertrophy
- neurohumoral hypertrophy
- pseudohypertrophy
- work hypertrophy
- hypertrophic growing
To the woman with dysfunctional womb bleeding it was made diagnostic scraping out.
Histologically in scrape numerous sinuous glands were found, gleams of some glands are cyst
widened. Name the type of general pathologic process in endometrium.
+ ferriferous-cyst hyperplasia
- atrophy
- metaplasia
- displasia
- hyperthrophic growings
The sick with amputated lower extremity in the stump appeared painful nodules. While
microscopical examination amputation neuromas were revealed. To what pathological process
are these formations related?
+ pathological regeneration
- full reparative regeneration
- inflammation
- incomplete reparative regeneration
- metaplasia
The sick died of cardial insufficiency, in anamnesis there is pulmonectomy apropos of the
right lung cyst. On the postmortal examination enlarged left lung was found. Name the
pathological process in the left lung.
+ vicarial hypertrophy
- neurohumoral hypertrophy
- dysfunctional atrophy
- discircular atrophy
- neurotic atrophy
While postmortal examination of the woman’s (69 years old) body, who suffered for a
long time of essential heart hypertension, pathologist found that her both kidneys are dense,
considerably reduced in size, the surface is small-grained. Such changes testify of:
+ atrophy because of blood supply deficiency
- atrophy because of pressure
- senile atrophy
- dysfunctional atrophy
- hypoplasia
In the biopsy material of bronchial tube mucous tunic of the man, who suffered of chronic
bronchitis, areas of multi-layer plane not becoming horny epithelium were found. Diagnose
pathological process in mucous tunic of bronchial tube
+ metaplasia
- atrophy
- hyperplasia
- displasia
After trauma of liver became the full renewal of structure and functions of liver. What
kind of regeneration is this?
+ restitution
- incomplete regeneration
- pathological regeneration
- simple physiological regeneration
- substitution
The sick of chronic cystitis in the biopsy material of bladder mucous tunic with
transitional epithelium areas of multi-layer plane not becoming horny epithelium were found.
What process lies in the basis of the described changes in epithelium?
+ metaplasia
- dystrophy
- hyperplasia
- displasia
- hyperkeratosis
While examination of mouth cavity on the mucous tunic of the cheek dense spot of white
colour 1cm in diameter is determined, which towers above the surface of mucous tunic. What
pathological process is this?
+ leukoplakia
- erythroplakia
- carnification
- organization
- mucous swelling
To the pathomorphological department was sent a piece of tunic from the edge of chronic
stomach ulcer. While histological examination in it was found: necrosis, granulation tissue,
surplus development of fibrous conjunctive tissue and metaplasia of epithelium. What kind of
compensatory-adaptable process is this?
+ pathological regeneration with disturbance of phases changing
- hypertrophy
- physiological regeneration
- reparative regeneration (substitution)
- reparative regeneration (restitution)
In the biopsy material of bronchial tube mucous tunic of the sick, 50 years old, who
suffered for twenty years of chronic bronchitis, thinning of mucous tunic, cyst-like
transformation of the mucous glands were found, there were also focuses of substitution of
prismatic epithelium on the multi-layer plane epithelium. What of the heart pathological
processes enumerated above is the most trustworthy?
+ metaplasia
- hyperplasia
- heterotrophy
- heteroplasia
- displasia
The sick, who suffered for a long time of chronic bronchitis, got the development of
chronic heart insufficiency. On the postmortal examination in the lungs there is: emphysema
and pulmonary sclerosis. What heart changes develop in such case?
+ hypertrophy of the right heart ventricle
- hypertrophy of the left heart ventricle
- hypertrophy of all heart ventricles
- diffusive cardiosclerosis
- myocardium atrophy
On the postmortal examination of the sick, 57 years old, which suffered of essential heart
hypertension and died of heart decompensation, it was found an enlarged heart with expanded
cavity (mass is 550g, thickness of wall is 2.5cm), microscopically cardiomyocytes are
noticeably enlarged, with fatty degeneration and ãèïåðîõðîìíûìè barrel-like nuclei. What of
pathological processes enumerated above is the most trustworthy?
+ eccentric hypertrophy
- myocarditis
- concentric hypertrophy
- angiogenic cardiosclerosis
- cardiomyopathy
A sick child, 12 years old, who suffers of poliomyelitis, somatic muscles are weak,
reduced in volume, skin is dry and pale, while morphological examination of the soft tissues
biopsy material typical morphologic changes were revealed. Define the character of
pathological process of the soft tissues.
+ atrophy
- hypertrophy
- hyperplasia
- metaplasia
- hyperplasia
The sick, who for a long time smoked too much, got coughing with excretions of viscous
mucus, weakness after physical exercises, paleness of skin, during last 2 months he lost his
weight on 12kg. while endoscopic examination of the bronchial tube biopsy material was given
a diagnose: epidermoid cancer. Define the character of pathological process, which preceded
the formation of swallowing.
+ metaplasia
- hypoplasia
- hyperplasia
- necrosis
- sclerosis
The sick, 65 years old, was operated in the urological department apropos of
adenomatous hyperplasia of prostate gland. While operation it was found, that wall of bladder
is thickened to 1cm. It can be explained by:
+ work hypertrophy
- vicarial hypertrophy
- hormone hypertrophy
- hormone hyperplasia
- protective hyperplasia
The sick, 72 years old, who suffered of pancreatic diabetes, was delivered to surgeon
department with shin ulcer, which didn’t close up for a long time. After 3 weeks of treatment
while the ulcer examination its bottom looks soft, juicy, rosy with small-grained surface. What
histological description corresponds to this process?
+ many thin-walled capillaries and proliferating cells
- extensive necrosis, accumulation of segmental leukocytes
- multi-layer, plane, becoming horny epithelium
- existence of fibroblasts and fascicles of collagenous fibres
- among mature fibrous tissue sharply widened vessels
The sick, 70 years old, was delivered to the thoracic department with the diagnose of lung
abscess, with the symptoms of growing cordial insufficiency he died. On the postmortal
examination it was found, that lymph nodes of mediastinum are enlarged, juicy, of rosy-red
colour. Spleen is enlarged, slack, with rich scrap of pulp. By what can changes in spleen and
lymph nodes be explained
+ protective hyperplasia
- compensatory hyperplasia
- hormone hyperplasia
- passive congestion
- purulent inflammation in lymph node and spleen
Ten years ago a male patient's right lung was removed because of a tumour, since then the
capacity of his left lung has increased by 50 %. What process has developed in the left lung?
+ Vicarious hypertrophy
– Neurohumoral hypertrophy
– Vicarious hypertrophy
– Work hypertrophy
– Hypertrophic vegetations
An autopsy of a male patient, who died from hypertensive disease, revealed an enlarged
heart weighing 600 g, with a thickened left ventricular wall up to 2 cm and a dilated cavity of
the left ventricle. Name the kind of an adaptive reconstruction in the heart.
– Eccentric atrophy
– Concentric hypertrophy
+ Eccentric hypertrophy
A youth complains of thinning of the muscles and reduction in the volume of the shin that
appeared after a fracture of the femur which did not heal for a long period of time and was not
accompanied by any impairment of the nerves. What is the name for such an atrophy of
muscles?
– Neurotic
– Caused by insufficient blood supply
– Atrophy owing to pressure
+ Dysfunctional
– Caused by physical factors
An autopsy of a male, who suffered from hypertensive disease for a long period of time,
revealed a sharply enlarged heart weighing 800.0 g. Name the kind of compensatory
hypertrophy of the heart.
– Vicarious
– Vicarious
– Neurohumoral
+ Work
As a result of falling down, a small abrasion formed of the knee of a child and some time
later it epithelialized completely without formation of any scar. What form of regeneration took
place in this case?
– Physiological
– Substitution
+ Restitution
– Pathological
– Intracellular
A 74-year-old male died from chronic heart failure. On autopsy, an old postinfarction scar
was found in the heart. A histological examination revealed a focus of fibrosis and hypertrophy
of cardiomyocytes. What regeneration do the described changes manifest?
– Pathological
– Physiological
+ Substitution
– Restitution
– Intracellular
Following a traumatic injury of the liver, there was a complete restoration of its structure
and functions with time. What is the name for such a kind of regeneration?
+ Restitution
– Substitution
– Pathological
– Physiological
– Intracellular
A 20-year-old male patient with a posttraumatic variceal dilation and thrombosis of the
subcutaneous vein in the middle third part of the shin underwent its surgical removal.
Histologically, an obstructive thrombus was found in the lumen of the vein with growing of a
connective tissue into the thrombus from the side of the vascular wall. What process did the
changes in the thrombus result from?
+ Organization
– Reconstruction
– Canalization
– Revascularization
– Repair
A male patient with chronic cystitis revealed, along with the transitional epithelium, foci
of the stratified squamous one without keratinization in a biopsy of the mucosa of his bladder,
What pathological process does it indicate?
+ Metaplasia
– Leukoplakia
– Hyperplasia
– Dysplasia
– Hyperkeratosis
A 30-year-old male patient, who 10 years before had undergone removal of his
traumatized left kidney, against a background of good health revealed a twice-fold enlargement
of the right kidney in comparison with the norm on prophylactic medical examination. Which
of the listed processes was the most probable one in the kidney?
+ Vicarious hypertrophy
– Hyperplasia
– Neurohumoral hypertrophy
– Pseudohypertrophy
A microscopic examination of a myocardium revealed postinfarction transmural

cardiosclerosis surrounded by enlarged cardiomyocytes with large hyperchromatic nuclei rich
in DNA. Which of the listed morphological processes in the cardiomyocytes was the most
probable?
– Physiological regeneration
– Complete reparative regeneration
+ Regenerative hypertrophy
– Pathological regeneration
An autopsy of a 75-year-old male patient, who suffered from a prostatic adenoma and
died of renal insufficiency, revealed enlarged kidneys; on section, there was an atrophy of the
parenchyma and a lot of thin-walled cavities filled with urine. Which of the listed kinds of an
atrophy in the kidney was the most probable?
– Caused by physical factors
– Dysfunctional
+ Caused by pressure
– Neurotic
– Caused by insufficiency of blood circulation
In a postoperative wound of a 10-year-old child, who was operated for acute appendicitis;
2-3 days later appeared some granulation tissue and on the 10th day a small thin scar was
formed. Name the kind of healing.
– Simple
– Under a crust
+ By first intention
– By second intention
An X-ray film of a male patient, who underwent an operation of bone fragment

repositioning after a fracture of his elbow bone with displacement, one month after the surgical
intervention revealed a cartilaginous callus. Name the kind of regeneration of the bone tissue.
+ Secondary osseous consolidation
– Primary osseous consolidation
– Connective-tissue callosity
– Preceding callus
– Final callus
A histological examination of a scrape from the mucous membrane of the uterus was
made in a 50-year-old female patient who complained of a disorder in the ovariomenstrual
cycle manifested by irregular significant haemorrhages. A cystoglandular hyperplasia of the
endometrium was diagnosed. Name the kind of the pathological process in.the endometrium.
+ Neurohumoral hyperplasia
– Hypertrophic vegetation
– Regenerative hypertrophy
A biopsy of a bronchus of a 50-year-old male patient, who suffered from chronic

bronchitis for 20 years, revealed foci of substitution of the stratified squamous epithelium for
the columnar one. Which of the pathological processes listed below took place?
– Hyperplasia
+ Metaplasia
– Heterotopia
– Heteroplasia
– Dysplasia
For examination, a scrape from the mucous coat of the uterus of a 45-year-old woman
suffering from dysfunctional uterine bleedings was sent. Histologically,
an increased number of endometrial glands and their intensified branching with a cyst-
like dilation of the lumens were found. Which of the pathological processes listed below was
the most probable?
– Hypertrophy
+ Hyperplasia
– Metaplasia
– Dysplasia
– Aplasia
An autopsy of a 57-year-old male patient, who suffered from hypertensive disease and
died of cardiac decompensation, revealed an enlarged heart with dilated cavities.
Microscopically, the cardiomyocytes were significantly enlarged and had fatty degeneration
with hyperchromatic barrel-like nuclei. Which of the listed morphological processes in the heart
was the most probable?
– Brown atrophy
– Concentric hypertrophy
– Vicarious ypertrophy
At the person with the tumour of anterior lobe of hypophysis as a result of the increased
secretion of corticotropin develops the hypertrophy of adrenal cortex. How is called such kind
of the hypertrophy?
+ Correlative
– Regenerative
– Vicarial
– Work
At the histological research of biopsy of the wall of bronchus is discovered that

monolayer ciliated epithelium is replaced with multilayer plane epithelium. What kind of
general pathological process did the doctor diagnose?
+ Metaplasia
– Regeneration
– Hypertrophy
– Organization
– Hyperplasia
A child of 3 years old was wearing a plaster cast of a right hip joint during 6 month in
connection with tuberculous coxitis. After unbandaging, is defined, that a measurement round
the left hip is in 7cm larger, than a right one. In this case the question is about:
+ dysfunctional atrophy
– pressure atrophy
– neuroticus atrophy at denervation
– atrophy, caused by circulatory insufficiency
– hypoplasia
At the postmortem dissection of a man with a clinical diagnosis of cancer of the stomach
is marked, that a hypodermic-fatty layer is of orange colour, its thickness on the front
abdominal wall is 0,3cm. The macroscopic picture is corresponds to:
+ panatrophy
– norm
– hormonal atrophy
– adipose degeneration
– adiponecrosis
At adenoma of prostate gland, narrowing the urethra, a thickening of the wall of urinary
bladder is noticed. What kind of hypertrophy is this?
+ Work hypertrophy
– Restoratory hypertrophy
– Displasia
A patient with diabetes mellitus was performed a lancing of abscess in the nuchal region.
A wound healing protracted during one and a half month, the pyogenic content constantly
effused out of wound. After the wound healing has formed a cicatrix on its place. What kind of
wound healing was in this case?
+ Secondary wound healing
– Cuticularization
– Primary wound healing
– Mixed wound healing
http://pathology.med.sumdu.edu.ua/new/
?
A child of 5 months old died of pneumonia. While macroscopic examination it was found an
oblique slant of palpebral fissures, falling back dorsum of nose, high disposition of palate, low
disposition of small auricle, and while autopsy – heart and great vessels development defect.
While genetic examination it was found a trisomy behind the 21 st pair of autochromosome.
Which of the following diagnosis is the most trustworthy?
+ Down’s disease;
- Patau’s syndrome;
- Turner’s syndrome;
- Edwards’ syndrome.
?
While examining a tissue sampling of the sick who suffered of allergic angiitis it was found:
side of the vessels is thickened, homogeneous coloured yellow by picrofucsin. What
pathological process developed in the side of the vessels?
+ fibrinogenous swelling
- amiloidosis
- mucous swelling
- hyalinosis
- lipoidosis
?
While examining an extracted stomach the doctor found out in the antral section on the lesser
curvature of stomach a deep defect, which reached muscular layer, 1.5cm in diameter,
rounded, with even edges, on the floor of the defect semi-transparent dense area is
determined, which looked like hyaline gristle. What process developed in theу stomach on the
floor of the defect?
+ local hyalinosis
- amiloidosis
- mucous swelling
- fibrinogenous swelling
- general hyalinosis
?
While external examination of the newborn evident changes of all coverlets were found. The
skin is dry, dull, with uneven surface and with theу presence of grey exfoliating plates. With
what kind of dystrophy are these changes connected?
+ keratinization
- hydropic
- hyaline
- mucous swelling
?
The sick who suffered of tuberculosis. In the biopsy material, while histological study, in the
focus of caseous necrosis small rambling kernels of chromatin were revealed. What caused
the following changes?
+ karyorrhexis
- carrhyolisis
- nuclei piknosis
- mitotic activity of nucleus
- apoptosis
?
1
The sick in the phlegm and biopsy material of the lungs had cells with intracellular brown
granules, which gave positive reaction on the iron. Development of what process serves the
presence of brown granules in cytoplasm?
+ phagocytosis
- macropynocitosis
- micropynocitosis
- apoptosis
- resorption
?
Woman, 36 years old, who suffered of diphtheria, died of acute impaired cardial function. On
postmortem examination heart cavities are dilated, heart muscle is dull, with yellowish areas
on the incision. What process is revealed in cardiac hystiocyte?
+ fatty degeneration
- carbohydrate degeneration
- ballooning degeneration
- hyaline degeneration
- hydropic degeneration
?
A man suffered of pancreatic diabetes for 15years, died of cerebral haemorrhage. On the
postmortal examination kidneys are reduced in size, surface is small-granuled. Tubules
epithelium of distal segment is high, with light foamy cytoplasm, while colouring carmine
Best и ШИК-реакции is of ruby colour. Changes in epithelium are determined by presence
of:
+ glycogen
- lipid
- hyalin
- protein
- amyloid
?
While electronic-microscopical examination of liver biopsy material it is found that
between numerous mitochondrium there is a large number of plane cisterns and vesicles
with secretory granules, walls of which are made of membranes. Hyperplasia of what
composing ultrastructure is it?
+ Golgi apparatus
- pinocytic vesicles
- endoplasmatic reticulum
- lysosome
- microtubules
?
The woman, 45 years old, died of chronic alcoholic intoxication. On the autopsy it was
found, that the liver is sharply enlarged, yellowish and paste-like in form. Microscopically
in cytoplasm of hepatocytes, while colouring by hematoxylin and eosin, different in size
optically empty vacuoles were revealed. What kind of degeneration is it?
+ parenchymatous fatty degeneration
- carbohydrate parenchymatous degeneration
- mesenchimal degeneration
?
2
While ultrastructural study of biopsy material it is ascertained, that in cytoplasm of
macrophage, which is a part of inflammation infiltration, appears to be considerable
increase of lisosom number. Evidence of what is it?
+ phagocytosis activation
- proliferative cell activity
- slowing-down of phagocytosis
- apoptosis activation
- slowing-down of apoptosis
?
Severe intoxication of woman, determined by sepsis, was the direct cause of her death. On
the postmortal examination the “tiger heart” was found. Microscopically in cytoplasm of
cardiomyocites lipids were detected. What morphogenetic mechanism of development
does mainly underlie in this dystrophy?
+ decomposition
- infiltration
- transformation
- perverted synthesis
?
The girl of 18 years old got a sharp pain while swallowing, lymphadenopathy of the neck,
rise in temperature till 39 degrees. On the mucous tunic of the tonsils there are white-
yellow pellicles, which are difficult to come off, with defect formation. The condition was
progressively becoming worth. The sick died on the eighth day of the illness, with
increasing effects of impaired cardial function. What histological changes in
cardyomiocytes most likely will be revealed?
+ fatty degeneration
- ballooning degeneration
- mucous degeneration
?
A man, 45 years old died of sudden cardiac arrest. Symmetric type of obesity of the 3rd
degree, wall rupture of the right ventricle of heart with hemopericardium were found;
there are surplus fat depositions under the epicardium. Microscopically: adipose tissue
from epicardium extends to myocardosis with atrophy of muscle fibers. What process is
the most probable?
+ fatty heart
- fatty miocardosis
- acute myocardium infection
- ischemic heart disease
- essential hypertension
?
A man, 45 years old, died of sudden cardiac arrest. Symmetric type of obesity of the 3 rd
type, breach of wall of the right ventricle of heart with homopericardium was found; there
was surplus fat accumulation under the epicardium. Microscopically: fatty tissue from
epicardium penetrated to the myocardosis with atrophy of muscle fibers. Point, what of the
pathological processes named above is the most trustworthy?
+ ordinary heart obesity
- fatty degeneration of myocardosis
- essential hypertension
- acute myocardium infarction
3
?
The sick of stomach cancer with lots of metastases died of cancer cachexy. Define typical
changes of the heart, which were found on the postmortal examination:
+ brown atrophy of myocardium
- amyloidal megalocardia
- dilated cardiomiopathy
- “tiger heart”
?
The sick S. suffered of chronic alcoholism and cirrhosis. Profuse hemorrhage developed
from varicose veins of gullet, as the result patient died. On the autopsy liver is small-hilly,
reduced in size, dense and yellowish. While histological examination of cryostatic liver
sections (coloured by hematoxilyn and eosin) in hepatocites can be seen large optically
hollow vacuoles, in which there is a substance coloured in black while using osmium acid.
Optically hollow vacuoles of hepatocytes are:
+ large dropsical fatty degeneration
- pseudo vacuoles of hyaloplasm
- alcohol hyaline (Mallory corpuscles)
- vacuole and hydropic degeneration
- inclusions of hyaline
?
While postmortal examination of an elderly man’s corps a little reduced spleen of pale –
rosy colour was found. While microscopical examination follicles are reduced, wall of
arterioles and trabecules are thickened and are presented by homogeneous eosonofile
ШИК-позитивными masses. While additional colouring by jod-grun masses are coloured
in green. Such changes testify of existence of:
+ hyalinosis
- amiloidosis
- mucous swelling
- fibrinous swelling
- sclerosis (fibrosis)
?
The sick died of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. On the postmortal examination sharply
enlarged anemic paste-like yellow liver was found. While colouring with hematoxilin and
eosin different in size vacuoles in cytoplasm of hepatocites were found. What degeneration
is this?
+ parenchymale degeneration
- carbohydrate parenhymale
- hyaline
- mesenchimal
- hydropic
?
On the postmortal examination of the man’s (62 years old) body, which died with
symptoms of progressing cardial insufficiency, enlarged heart was found. Heart is slack,
heart chambers are stretched, myocardium on the section is dull, yellow. From the side of
endocardium yellow-white banding, strongly pronounced in papillary muscles can be
noticed. What pathological process is the most probable?
+ fatty myocardium degeneration
- fatty heart
- dilated cardiomyopathy
- myomalacia
- cardiosclerosis
4
?
While postmortal examination of the woman’s corps, which died with the symptoms of
impaired cardial function, heart is enlarged, slack, myocardium is loamy-yellow, dull; from
the side of endocardium one can see yellow-white banding (tiger heart). Microscopically: in
groups of cardiomyocytes there is no transversal banding, in cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes
there are small drops, which are coloured by Sudan-IV in black. Your diagnose?
+ fatty myocardium degeneration
- cardiosclerosis
- rheumatic myocarditis
- fatty heart
- myomalacia
?
The sick had had peritonitis 10 years before death. On the postmortal examination liver
and spleen capsules here and there are sharply thickened, dense and semi-transparent. It is
probably:
+ hyalinosis
- necrosis
- mucous swelling
- amiloidosis
?
The child got the diagnose of faucial diphtheria in clinic. He died of acute impaired cardial
function. On the postmortal examination it was found that heart cavity is dilated in
diameter. Heart muscle is dull, slack, many-coloured with yellow areas on the section. In
cytoplasm of some cardyomiocytes with cytoplasm preserved there are small vacuoles. On
the frozen sections vacuoles are coloured by Sudan III in orange. What kind of
degeneration is revealed in cardyomiocytes?
+ fatty
- carbohydrate
- hyaline
- hydropic
?
The dead who died of chronic impaired cardial function on the postmortal examination “tiger
heart” was found. From the side of endocardium one can see yellowish-white banding,
myocardium is dull, loamy-yellow. What process determined this pathology?
- amiloidosis
?
A man, 70 years old, entered the hospital with pain in small joints of arms and legs. Joints are
misshapen and painful. Higher level of uric acid salts in blood and urine was found. What
dysbolism is it?
+ nucleoprotein
- calcium
- chromoproteids
- lipoporteids
- potassium
?
5
While postmortal examination of the man, 49 years old, which came to the hospital with
symptoms of hepatotropic intoxication and then suddenly died; liver is enlarged, slack, of
yellow-brown colour; on the surface of liver section and knife blade one can see drops of fat.
Microscopically hepatocites along the periphery of classic liver lobules are found, which
contain many small drops, filling cytoplasm and moving nucleus away to the periphery. What
process is most probable in the liver?
+ fatty liver degeneration
- cerebrosine lipoidosis (Gaucher’s disease)
- infantile type of cerebral sphingolipidosis (Tay-Sachs disease)
- generalized gangalaidosis (Normann-Landing disease)
?
On the postmortal examination of the sick, which suffered during his lifetime of leucosis and
died of growing chronic anemia, heart is enlarged, heart muscle on the section is dull, pale-
grey, under endocardium yellow spots and stripes can be seen. What pathological process
developed in the heart?
- vacuole degeneration
- mesenchimal fatty degeneration
- work hypertrophy
?
On the postmortal examination of the corps on the grounds of typical microscopic changes
parenchymatous fatty degeneration of heart myocardium was diagnosed. What is the
figurative name of the heart in case of this degeneration?
+ tiger heart
- bovine heart
- hairy heart
- stone heart
- cor pulmonate
6
?
On the autopsy of the woman, which suffered of chronic dysentery in the strom and
parenchyma of myocardium, kidneys, in the mucous tunic of the stomach, in the conjunctive
tissue of the lungs purple amorphous sediments, positive by the Koss’ reaction, is determined.
What pathological process developed in the viscera of the sick?
+ metastatic calcification
- dystrophic calcification
- metabolic calcification
- amiloidosis
- hyalinosis
?
The sick suffered of the bipartite involvement of the adrenal glands. Dark brown staining of
coverlet appeared, during the histochemical study of the skin Perl’s reaction is negative. What
pigment caused the change of skin colour?
+ melanin
- hemosiderin
- porphyrin
- lipofuscin
- biliverdin
?
An emaciated sick, who died of the gullet cancer, atrophy of the liver, heart, disappearance of
fatty tissue had, found on the postmortem examination. At the same time in cytoplasm of
cardyomiocytes, while histological examination of putrid material, there are, not far from
nuclei, sediments of brown-yellow granules and blocks, which do not give positive Perl’s
reaction. What substance is it?
+ lipofuscin
- melanin
- hemosiderin
- ferrigin
- homomelanin
?
While postmortal examination of a man, 55 years old, who suffered of chronic form of
tropical malaria for last 8 years, it was found that brain’s grey matter and spleen are of
scaly-grey colour. What pigment determined such colouring?
+ malarial pigment
- hematoporphyrin
- lipofuscin
- melanin
- hemosiderin
?
A man suffered inter vivos of multiple bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis with pronounced
symptoms of cachexy, on the postmortal examination heart is reduced; sides became
thinner, of slack consistence, on the section tissue is of brown colour. The deposition of
what pigment is observed in myocardium?
+ lipofuscin
- hemosiderin
- hematoidin
- ceroid
- lipochromes
?
1
In the piece of skin, 1x2 cm, which was delivered for histological examination, a new
growth of brown colour 0,5cm in diameter, was found. Microscopically the growth consists
of nevus cells in the form of bands and nests, which are situated in the corium, with brown
pigment in cytoplasm, which gives the negative Perl’s reaction. What pigment is the most
likely to be?
+ melanin
- hematoidin
- hemosiderin
- bilirubin
- malaria pigment
?
A man 34 years old, with adrenal gland tuberculosis skin on the postmortal examination is
of grey-brown colour, blood arterial pressure (inter vivos) was lowered, adynamy and
reduction of the level of 17-oxycortiroids in urine and blood plasma were observed.
Disturbance of what pigment determined symptoms the sick had?
+ melanin
- bilirubin
- lipofuscin
- lipochrome
- malaria pigment
?
A patient had had syphilis many years ago, which he didn’t treated. While operation
surgeon in the lower edge of liver saw clear-cut, pale-yellow slack area and resected it.
While microscopical examination pathologist saw, that this are is presented by dryish
unstructured paste-like yellow-white mass. He decided it is:
+ caseous necrosis
- infarction
- wax-like necrosis
- fibrinous necrosis
- steatonecrosis
?
The sick of subacute septic endocarditis while examination the doctor noticed general
paleness and icteriousness of scleras and visible mucous tunics. In blood it was found an
increased level of indirect bilirubin. Yellow skin, sclera and mucous tunic colouration is the
manifestation of:
+ adrenal jaundice
- fatty degeneration
- hemosiderosis
- hepatic jaundice
- subhepatic jaundice
?
In the mucus of the sick with mitral heart insufficiency cells with brown pigment were
found. Perl’s reaction is positive. What pigment is this?
+ hemosiderin
- hematoidin
- melanin
- porphyrin
- bilirubin
?
2
On the post mortal examination of the sick, 65 years old, which died of chronic impaired
cardial function in the result of rheumatic heart disease; lungs are brown, enlarged, and
dense. How are such lungs changes called?
+ brown lungs induration
- nutmeg lungs
- honeycomb lungs
- chronic bronchitis
- chronic emphysema
?
The sick suffered of malaria. While post mortal examination there are: pronounced
icteritiousness of skin, sclera and mucous tunics. Spleen is enlarged, of flaky-grey colour.
Flaky grey colour of spleen is determined by:
+ malaria pigment
- hemosiderin
- lipofuscin
- melanin
- hemoporphyrin
?
On the postmortal examination of the man, who died of chroniosepsis atrophy of skeletal
muscles and brown atrophy of liver myocardium were revealed. Exchange violation of
what pigment had the dead?
+ lipofuscin
- lipochrome
- hemosiderin
- malaria pigment
- melanin
?
A man suffered of hemoblastosis for a long time. On the postmortal examination it was
revealed that marrow, spleen, liver, glands are brown. Histochemical reaction of Pearls was
made. It was determined, that reticular endothelial elements of these organs contain dark
blue granules. What pigment was found using this reaction?
+ hemosiderin
- bilirubin
- hematin
- hematoidin
- hematoporphyrin
?
The sick had an acute stomach ulcer, which complicated by stomach hemorrhage. Vomit
masses are of dark brown colour, which are described as “coffee-grounds vomiting”. Existence
of what pigment in vomiting determined such coloration?
+ muriatic hematin
- haemoglobin
- bilirubin
- malaria pigment
- iron sulphide
?
By the sick, which suffered of secondary syphilis, focuses of skin depigmentation in upper part
of back appeared. Name the pathological process in skin.
+ leukoderma
- metaplasia
- leukoplakia
3
- dysplasia
- parakeratosis
?
By the sick of stomach ulcer with hemorrhage while endoscopy in the stomach a liquid of
coffee-grounds colour was found. What pigment determined such colour of stomach contents?
+ muriatic hematin
- hemosiderin
- bilirubin
- ferritin
- porphyrin
?
A woman, who was brought to the hospital after a bite of Levantine viper (poisonous snake)
intravascular hemolysis is sharply pronounced. On the postmortal examination spleen,
marrow and glands had brown coloration. While microscopical examination in cytoplasm of
macrophages it was found plenty of brown pigment. What pigment accumulated in tissues?
+ hemosiderin
- hematoidin
- hematin
- lipofuscin
- bilirubin
?
On the postmortal examination of woman’s corps, 63 years old, who suffered of rheumatism
and combined mitral disease, cusps of mitral valve are sharply thickened, adnated, of rocky
thickness, while dissection crunch is evident. What pathological process determined rocky
thickness?
+ dystrophic calcification
- metastatic calcification
- metabolic calcification
- fibrinoidosis
- amyloidosis
?
The sick with insufficiency of mitral valve coughing, got phlegm of rusty colour. What pigment
determined such colour of phlegm?
+ hemosiderin
- melanin
- haemoglobin
- malaria pigment
- sulfur iron
?
In case of typhoid necrotic aggregated glands of small intestine are coloured in yellow-brown
colour. What pigment impregnates necrotic tissue?
+ bilirubin
- haemoglobin
- lipofuscin
- indole
- melanin
?
4
?
While corps examination it was noticed: turbid cornea, dry skin integument with yellow-
brownish spots of parchment-like look. Indicate the kind of postmortal changes.
+ putrid drying out
- redistribution of blood;
- livores mortis;
- putrid stiffness
- putrid cooling off
?
A man, 60 years old, who suffered of pancreatic diabetes for a long time, consulted the
surgeon. The tissues of the right foot were black, dense, with clear edges. What diagnosed the
surgeon?
+ dry gangrene
- humid gangrene
- gas gangrene
- bedsore
- trophic ulcer
?
While electronical-microscopical examination of salivary gland fragments of the cell,
surrounded by membrane and consisting condensed particles of nucleus substance and single
organelles, were found; inflammatory reaction directly near these cells was not observed.
Name the described process.
+ apoptosis
- karyorrhexis
- coagulation necrosis
- karyorpicnosis
- karyorlisis
?
The girl, 6 years old had had measles. The doctor, while examining, in the soft tissues of
cheeks found indistinctly delimited, edematic, red-black areas. Name the measles
complications:
+ humid gangrene
- dry gangrene
- gas gangrene
- bedsore
- trophic ulcer
?
While corps-examination of the woman who died of metastatic spread of mucous
cystodenocarcinom and for a long time had forced position in bed, large areas of skin and
liable soft tissues of sacral region necrosis were found. Diagnose the form of necrosis.
+ bedsore
- infarction
- sequestration
- caseous necrosis
- Zenker's necrosis
?
The child had had measles. While examination in soft tissues of cheeks and perineum
indistinctly delimited, dropsical, of red-black colour areas, which are slightly fluctuating,
are found. What complication has the child?
1
+ humid gangrene
- dry gangrene
- gas gangrene
- bedsore
- trophic ulcer
?
While examination of the newborn the defect in the area of hard palate in the form of cavity
is developed. Due to what process is it developed?
+ abnormality of apoptosis
- atrophy
- necrosis
- dystrophy
- inflammation
?
While electronic-microscopical examination of the cell it was found that she died of
necrosis, but not of apoptosis, because for necrosis it is typical:
+ diffuse localization of chromatin in the cell
- phagocytosis of apoptosis bodies
- no inflammatory reaction
- preservation of organella integrity
- splitting of DNA
?
The sick, 70 years old, with atherosclerosis, felt pain in the left foot. The sick did not consult
the doctor. While checking-up the foot is enlarged, tissues are slack, of black colour,
macerated. Demarcation zone is not evident. Diagnose the pathological process:
+ humid gangrene
- mummification
- sequestration
?
An examiner while microscopical and electronic-microscopical examination of liver paid
attention that some separately situated cells disintegrated in small fragments, surrounded
by membrane. In some of them there are organelles, others include fragments of
disintegrated nucleus. There is no inflammatory reaction around. He thought that such
changes are the manifestation of:
+ apoptosis
- atrophy
- necrosis
- hypoplasia
- degeneration
?
On the postmortal a man, 70 years old, who suffered of atherosclerosis, it was found that in
subcortical zone of the left hemisphere there is an area of irregular form 6x5cm in size,
slack, unstructured, grey, with outlining cavity in the centre. About what outcome of the
process testify such changes in cerebral?
2
+ aseptic resorption
- organization
- septic disintegration
- encapsulation
- petrifaction
?
A woman, 50 years old, who suffered of essential heart hypertension, developed a long
paroxysm of pain in the chest, on the EKG infarction of myocardium was diagnosed. The
sick died. On the postmortal examination the doctor noticed slack consistence, uneven
blood volume of myocardium, and histologically and histochemically found disappearance
of glycogen granules, reduction of oxidizing-restorative ferments. What stage of infarction
is it?
-+ ischemic
- necrotic
- organization
- repeated
- acute recurrent
?
While postmortal examination in the upper lobule of the right lung large wedge-shaped
area of dark-red dense tissue was found. While histological examination there was found a
necrosis of alveoli’s walls, gleam of alveoli is densely filled by erythrocytes. What process
developed in lungs?
+ hemorrhagic pulmonary infarction
- lungs carnification
- lungs gangrene
- hemorrhage in lung
- pulmonary collapse
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead, 48 years old, lumen obturation of medial
cerebral artery by thrombus was found. In parietotemporal of left cerebral hemisphere
there is a focus of pappy grey consistence. Most probably it is:
+ infarction
- sequestration
- gangrene
- caseous necrosis
- fibrinoid necrosis
?
A man, 38 years old, suddenly died, on the post mortal examination in the posterior wall of
heart left ventricle there was myocardial infarction. What most probable changes in
myocardiocytes building can be seen microscopically in the nidus of infarction?
+ carrhyolisis
- fatty degeneration
- calcification
- albuminous degeneration
3
?
While post mortal examination of the dead, who died of typhoid, it was found that the
muscles of front abdominal wall and hip are dense, friable, whitish-yellow, look like stearic
candle. Change described in the muscles is the demonstration of:
+ Zenker’s necrosis
- caseous necrosis
- colliquative necrosis
?
The sick suffered of intermittent claufication for a long time; tissues of toes are dry and
black, look like mummy. On the short haul from black area there is two-coloured line (black
colour is adjacent to practically unchanged tissues, and white-yellow colour – to changed
one). What kind of necrosis has the sick?
+ gangrene
- infarction
- sequestration
- bedsore
- maceration
?
The sick, 77 years old, with incarcerated inguinal hernia while laparotomy intensine wall is
of cyanotic colour, overblown, dropsical, covered with fibrin threads, peristalsis is not
ausculated. What pathological process developed in intensine wall in the result of parietal
inguinal hernia?
+ humid gangrene
- dry gangrene
- bedsore
?
While microscopical examination of liver tissue it was revealed that some cells disintegrated
into small fragments with separate organelles and remains of nucleus, encircled by
membrane. There is no inflammatory reaction. Choose the pathological process to which
changes described are typical:
+ apoptosis
- necrosis
- karyorhexis
- plasmolysis
- plasmorhexis
?
The bed-patient had insufficiency of blood circulation, he became immobile after having had a
stroke. His skin and soft tissues above the sacrum became black and swollen, after epidermis
rejection in black tissues ulcers opened. What process developed?
+ bedsores
- dry gangrene
- phlegmon
- infarction
- abscess
4
?
While postmortal examination it was found, that the dead had a thrombosis of the left medial
cerebral artery and a big focus of grey tissues softening of the left brain hemisphere. What
pathological process developed in the brain?
+ ischemic infarction
- abscess
- humid gangrene
- sequestration
?
On the postmortal examination, 57 years, who died of typhus, it was revealed that muscles of
front abdominal wall and of hips are dense, of white-yellow colour, look like stearic candle.
Demonstration of what pathological process are these muscle changes?
- Zenker’s necrosis
- apoptosis
- caseous necrosis
?
The sick suffered of pancreatic diabetes. Sharp pain in the right foot appeared. While
examination big toe is black, foot tissues are dropsical, there are areas of epidermis
exfoliation, secretion with odor nuisance. What clinicopathologic form of necrosis had the
sick?
- humid gangrene
- bedsore
- sequestration
- dry gangrene
- infarction
?
The sick, 70 years old, was operated apropos of acute abdomen. While operation about 80cm
of ileum of black colour was revealed; peritoneum is dull, gleam of upper mesenteric artery is
obturated by thrombus. What process developed in the intestine?
- gangrene
- bedsore
- белый инфаркт
- white infarction with hemorrhagic crown
5
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead in the subcortical nucleus of the right brain hemisphere
one can see a cavity of irregular form 5x35cm, filled with red grumes and mouldered tissue of brain.
Name the pathology, which developed in the brain:
+ haematoma
- hemorrhage impregnation
- ischemic infarction
- cyst
- abscess
?
The sick suffered of cirrhosis. After the excision from the abdominal cavity 10liters of ascetic fluid,
collapse and hyperemia of peritoneum developed. Determine the type of arterial hyperemia of
peritoneum.
+ hyperemia after anemia
- inflammatory hyperemia
- vacate hyperemia
- collateral hyperemia
- hyperemia in the result of blood shunting
?
While postmortal examination of the dead, who suffered of essential hypertension, in the substance of
cerebral it was found a cavity, walls of which are of rusty colour. What preceded the appearance of
such changes?
+ haematoma
- diapedetic hemorrhages
- plasmorrhagin
- abscess
?
The sick, who suffered for a long time of rheumatism, stenosis of left antrioventricular opening was
found, death became as a result of cardiopulmonary decompensation. On the postmortal examination
brown lungs induration was found. Name by what circulation of blood disturbance such changes in
lungs appear?
+ chronic insufficiency of heart left ventricle
- chronic insufficiency of heart right ventricle
- acute insufficiency of heart left ventricle
- acute insufficiency of heart right ventricle
- portal hypertension
?
The sick, who suffered of ischemic heart disease and had had repeated myocardium infarction, died by
the phenomenon of progressive impaired cardial function. On the postmortal examination enlarged
dense spleen was found, of dark red colour on the section. While microscopical examination of the
organ sclerosis of pulp and atrophy of follicles were revealed.
+ cyanotic induration of spleen
- sago spleen
- lardaceous spleen
- purple spleen
- septic splenitis
?
The sick, 70 years old, who suffered of pancreatic diabetes and had had infarction of myocardium, died
with the phenomena of progressive impaired cardial function. On the postmortal examination spleen
and kidneys cyanotic induration, brown lungs induration and nutmeg liver were revealed. What kind
of circulation of blood disturbance determined viscera changes?
+ general chronic venous hyperemia
- general acute venous hyperemia
- general arterial hyperemia after anemia
- arterial ischemia in the result of blood redistribution
- local chronic venous hyperemia
?
On the postmortal examination in the occipital zone of cerebrum a cavity 2,5x1,5cm, filled with the
transparent liquid, with smooth brownish walls, was found. What process developed in the cerebral?
+ cyst on the place of hemorrhage
- grey encephalomalacia
- brain abscess
- heart of cerebrum development
- cyst on the place of grey encephalomalacia
?
A man suffered inter vivos of mitral stenosis. While postmortal examination dense lungs of brown
colour were found. What pathological process is it?
+ hemosiderosis
- hemochromatosis
- jaundice
- iron storage disease
- lipofuscinosis
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead it was revealed, that liver is increased, dense, edges are
orbed, on the section tissue is yellow-brownish with dark brown spots and stripes, which remains of
nutmeg pattern. What pathological process is the basis of such liver changes?
+ chronic venous plethora
- острое venous plethora
- arterial plethora
- arterial anemia
- chronic hemorrhage
?
The sick, 46 years old suffered of rheumatic heart disease – stenosis of the left atrioventricular
opening. Short breath after not many physical exercises, heart beating, cyanosis of the lips, rales in the
lower lobules of lungs, edemas on the lower extremities can be noticed. What histological changes will
be characteristic for the liver?
+ hepatocytes necrosis in the centre of lobule, fatty degeneration on the periphery
- hepatocytes necrosis in the centre of lobule, hyaline degeneration on the periphery
- hepatocytes necrosis in the centre of lobule, hydropic degeneration on the periphery
- fatty degeneration of hepatocytes in the centre of lobule, necrosis on the periphery.
- hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes in the centre of lobule, necrosis on the periphery.
?
The sick, 44 years old with myocardium infarction died of left ventricle insufficiency. While postmortal
examination it was found: emphysema, hemorrhages with small focuses in serous and mucous tunics.
Microscopically: dystrophic and necrobiotic epithelium changes of proximal tubules of kidneys, in the
liver there are centrolobular hemorrhages and focuses of necrosis. What kind of circulation of blood
disturbance is the most trustworthy?
+ acute general venous plethora
- arterial hyperemia
- chronic general venous plethora
- acute anemia
- chronic anemia
?
While postmortal examination of the dead man, 73 ears old, which suffered for a long time of ischemic
heart disease with heart insufficiency it was found nutmeg liver, brown lungs induration, cyanotic
kidneys and liver induration. Point, what type of circulation of blood disturbance is the most
trustworthy?
+ chronic general venous plethora
- acute general venous plethora
- acute anemia
- chronic anemia
?
After having had a hemorrhage stroke the sick began to suffer of brain cyst. Two years later he died of
postinfluenzal pneumonia. On the corps section in brain it was found a cyst with walls of light-rusty
colour, Perl’s reaction is positive. What process is the most trustworthy in the cyst wall?
+ local hemosiderosis
- общий hemosiderosis
- local iron storage disease
- bilirubin infiltration
- primary hemochromatosis
?
The sick, who died of rapid cardiac arrest, had had symmetric type of obesity of the 3d degree, rupture
of right ventricle wall by hemopericardium; under epicardium there is an excessive fat accumulation.
Microscopically: fat tissue from epicardium penetrates into myocardium with atrophy of muscle fibers.
Point, what pathological process is the most trustworthy?
+ ordinary heart obesity
- fatty degeneration of myocardium
- essential heart hypertension
- acute myocardium infarction
?
The sick of declining years got an acute stroke with state of coma and fatal outcome. While postmortal
examination in the right cerebral hemisphere it was found a large cavity, fool of blood. What
pathological process was found in the cerebral?
+ haematoma
- hemorrhage seepage
- cerebral infarction
- diapedetic hemorrhage
- cerebral tumour
?
The sick with the humerus fracture was applied by plaster. Two hours later hand and visible part of
forearm became cyanotic, cold and dropsical. What circulation of blood disturbance had happened?
+ local venous plethora
- local arterial plethora
- local anemia
- stasis
- thrombosis
?
The sick, 24 years old, suffered of rheumatism from childhood, mitral stenocosis was diagnosed
clinically. During last years episodes of cardiovascular collapse were often happening, almost
permanent coughing with rusty phlegm. Name probable changes in lungs:
+ brown lungs thickening
- emphysema of lungs
- pulmonary fibrosis
- bronchiectasis
?
The sick, whom 10liters of ascetic liquid from abdominal cavity quickly removed, suddenly lost
consciousness. What was the reason of this phenomenon?
+ cerebral anemia
- thrombosis of cerebral arteries
- hemorrhage to the cerebral
- vacate hyperemia
- thrombosis of cerebral veins
?
While emotionally intensive work a young man suddenly died. On the postmortal examination it was
revealed an irregular blood volume of myocardium. Histochemically: reduction of glycogen contents.
Electronic-microscopically: destruction of mitochondrion, contraction of myofibrils. Point the most
probable type of blood circulation disturbance:
+ acute ischemia
- chronic ischemia
- vacate arterial hyperemia
- acute venous hyperemia
- angioneurotic arterial hyperemia
?
The sick died with the symptoms of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. Results of postmortal examination:
postinfarction cardiosclerosis, myocardium hypertrophy and dilatation of his cavities, especially its
right ventricle. Liver is enlarged, with smooth surface, plethoric on the section, with dark-red spots on
the brown background of tissue. Histologically: plethora of central parts of lobules; in periphery parts
around portal tracts – hepatocytes in the state of fatty degeneration. How are such liver changes
called?
+ nutmeg liver (chronic venous plethora)
- false-nutmeg liver
- amiloidosis
- cirrhosis
- liver steatosis
?
While microscopical examination of liver it was revealed: venous plethora of the lobules centre,
degeneration, and atrophy of hepatocytes in focuses of passive venous congestion, fatty degeneration
hepatocytes along the periphery of lobule with presence of excrescence of conjunctive tissue in the
places of hepatocytes atrophy. What pathological process is this?
+ nutmeg liver with precirrhosis changes
- billiary cirrhosis
- hepatitis
- fatty hepatosis
- toxic liver degeneration
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead with chronic cardiopulmonary insufficiency enlarged
many-coloured liver, coloured as nutmeg on the section. Name the type of blood circulation
disturbance.
+ general venous plethora
- general arterial plethora
- anemia
- hemorrhage
- bleeding
?
On the autopsy of the sick, who died in the result of ethylene glycol poisoning, kidneys are
enlarged, dropsical, their capsule is taken off very easily, cortical substance is wide, pale-grey,
medullary substance is dark-red. What kidneys pathology had the sick?
+ necrotic nephrosis
- acute pyelonephritis
- acute glomerulonephritis
- acute tubule-interstitial nephritis
- lipoid nephrosis
?
The sick, 75 years old, suffered of atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels for a long time. On the
autopsy in the right sincipital-temporal area of cerebral it was found a focus of irregular form,
slack and of grey colour. What is the most trustworthy reason of this process’ development?
+ thrombosis of the right medial cerebral artery
- thrombosis of the anterior cerebral artery
- thrombosis basilar artery
- thrombosis of the right medial cerebral artery
- thrombosis of the pia mater of brain vessel
?
The sick, 42 years old, suffered of the heavy form of the typhoid, an acute form of renal
insufficiency developed, in the result of which he died. While autopsy kidneys are increased,
dropsy, fibrous capsule takes off easily; on the section kidney cortex is pale grey, pyramids are
dark red. While histological examination in the majority of tubules gleam is pared-down,
epithelial cells are enlarged and without nucleus; glomerules are dissipated; in the stroma
there is an edema, small leukocytic seepage, small hemorrhagin. What kidneys pathology is it
all about?
+ necronephrosis
- acute pyelonephritis
- acute glomerulonephritis
- pyonephrosis
- hydronephrosis
?
By the pilot, who died of the plane cabin depressurization, while histological examination of
viscera in the vessels it was found a lot of vials, in the liver – fatty degeneration. In the
cerebral and spinal cord there were a lot of small ischemic focuses of grey encephalomalacia.
Point the most probable reason of such changes.
+ gas embolism
- air embolism
- fat embolism
- thromboembolism
- tissue embolism
?
The sick, 29 years old, with the diagnosis of multi-fragmental fracture of the right hip, on the
third twenty-four hours after getting the trauma complaints on the pain in the thoracic cavity
on the right, heavy breathing, appeared. After 24 hours on the basis of progressive
cardiopulmonary insufficiency the patient died. While histological examination in the blood
vessels of the lungs and cerebral orange sudanofile drops were found, which completely
closed the gleam of the vessels of microcircular channel. With what complication does this
death connected?
+ fat embolism
- gas embolism
- medicamental embolism
- microbe embolism
- thromboembolism
?
The sick, 65 years old, who suffers of thrombophlebitis of shin deep veins, suddenly died in
the polyclinics, in the queue to the doctor’s cabinet. On the postmortal examination common
trunk and bifurcation of pulmonary artery freely lying red friable masses with dull corrugated
surface were found. What pathological process in легочная артерия found the pathologist?
+ thromboembolism
- thrombosis
- tissue embolism
- embolism of foreign bodies
- fat embolism
?
The sick, 65 years old, who suffered of atherosclerosis, was hospitalized to the surgical
department with purulent peritonitis. While operation thrombosis of mesenteric arteries was
diagnosed. What is the most probable reason of peritonitis?
+ hemorrhage infarction
- angiospastic ischemia
- stasis
- compression ischemia
?
While microscopical examination of umbilical vein of the newborn baby, who died of
intoxication, it was found, that wall of the vessel is with diffusive inflammatory infiltration, in
the gleam of it there is obturating clot of blood with numerous neutrophilic leukocytes with
synonyms of carrhyorhexis и bacterial colonies. What outcome of thrombosis is the most
trustworthy?
+ septic autolysis
- aseptic autolysis
- organization and canalization of thrombosis
- transformation into thromboembol
- thrombus petrifaction
?
A man with decompression sickness died with symptoms of acute stroke in the pool meningea
media of the left brain hemisphere. On the postmortal examination it was found a focus of
grey encephalomalacia in brain of the area 6x7x3,4cm. Define the process character, which
was the cause of man’s death.
+ gas embolism
- fat embolism
- thrombosis
- thromboembolism
- vessels atherosclerosis
?
The sick, after open fracture of clavicle suddenly died. While early postmortal examination in
the right ventricle of the heart and lungs arteries foamy blood was found. What was the cause
of death?
+ air embolism
- bacterial embolism
- hemorrhage
- tissue embolism
- fat embolism
?
While microscopical examination of the blood clot, which was found in the gleam of femoral
artery, pathologist saw irregularly alternating accumulation of fibrin and destroyed formal
blood elements, connection with intima, full closing of artery gleam. What is it?
+ mixed thrombus
- posthumous clot of blood
- thromboembol
- hyaline thrombus
- red thrombus
?
If the sick has purulent otitis and thrombosis of sigmoidal sinus of dura mater of brain, tearing
off a part of thrombosis may cause the development of:
+ thromboembolism of pulmonary artery branches
- thromboembolism of cerebrum vessels with development of grey encephalomalacia
- thromboembolism of retina vessels and development of blindness
- thromboembolism of coronary arteries
- local anemia
?
The sick, 55 years old, was operated apropos of acute appendicitis. On the 5th 24-hours,
getting up from the bed, he felt shortage of air, sharp cyanosis of the face developed, he lost
consciousness. After unsuccessful reanimation he died. On the postmortal examination
thromboembolism of pulmonary column was found. What was the most probable source of
thromboembolism?
+ thrombosis of lower extremities veins
- thrombosis of portal vein
- thrombosis of mesenteric vein
- thrombosis in left ventricle of heart
- spherical auricle thrombus
?
While postmortal examination of the dead, who suffered of atherosclerosis, in the cerebral it
was found a thrombosis of branches of internal carotid artery and grey focus of humid
malacia of tissue. What pathological process was found in the cerebral?
+ ischemic infarction
- hemorrhage seepage
- haemotoma
- encephalitis
- cerebral swelling
?
While postmortal examination in the upper lobule of the right lung large wedge-shaped dark-
red area of dense tissue was found. While histological examination it was found in it necrosis
of alveoli walls, alveoli gleam is densely filled with erythrocytes. What process developed in
lungs?
+ hemorrhage lungs infarction
- lungs carnification
- pulmonary gangrene
- pulmonary hemorrhage
?
While traffic accident a driver got an injury in the neck by a piece of broken glass. Bleeding
was not hard, but in few minutes the injured died of acute asphyxia. While postmortal
examination of the heart in the pericardium cavity filled by water vesicles were excreting.
Point the probable pathological diagnosis?
+ air embolism
- gas embolism
- fat embolism
- thromboembolism
- embolism of foreign bodies
?
On the postmortal examination of the sick after abdominal operation in the veins of small
pelvis numerous clots of blood were found. Clinically thromboembolic syndrome was noticed.
Where else one should search them?
+ lungs arteries
- portal vein
- left heart ventricle
- cerebral
- veins of lower extremities
?
On the section numerous hemorrhage infarctions of lungs were found, in some lungs vessels
dense brown masses, not fastened to the walls of vessels, could be found, varicose veins of
lower extremities, where there are clots of blood. What pathological process is it?
+ thromboembolism of lung artery vessels
- fatty embolism of lung artery vessels
- tissue embolism of lung artery vessels
- congesive thrombosis of lung artery vessels
- hemorrhage bronchopneumonia
?
The note in the act of medical examiner about corps’ examination, who had blunt trauma of
both kidneys, after trauma of which acute renal insufficiency was found: “In the both ureters
red clots of blood 10cm in length, which obdurated space of ureters, were found”. The director
of medical bureau read but didn’t agree with this note. He decided:
+ There can not be clots of blood in ureters
- There can be only white clots of blood in ureters
- These are thromboembols
- clots of blood in ureters can not be obturating
- There can be in ureters only mixed thrombs
The sick, 39 years old, within the process of suppurative pulpitis treatment, infiltration
anesthesia by the solution of ultracain with adrenalin was made. After that rapid reddening,
edema of skin with vesicles, itch appeared. What type of hypersensitivity had the sick?
+ anaphylactic
- cytotoxic
- immunocomplex injury
- hypersensitivity of delayed type
- reaction of transplantation immunity
- normergic reaction
- granulomatosis
?
The sick has chronic hydrotrophic gingivitis, formation of dentogingival recess, filled by
purulent effluent. While X-raying was found bone tissue resorption of lunula walls. What
illness is this?
+ parodontitis
- acute purulent parodontitis
- chronic parodontitis
- fibrous dysplasia
- periostitis
?
A child, 4 years old, complained of pain in throat while swallowing and feeling bad. While
examination in throat and tonsils on the background of moderate edema and hyperemia
grey-whitish filmy impositions, 1mm thick, densely connected with subjecting tissues, are
found. What pathological process such changes show?
+ inflammation
- degeneration
- necrosis
- metaplasia
- organization
?
On the postmortal examination of man, who died of meningitis, pia mater of brain is
thickened, sharply plethoric, dropsical, impregnated by green-yellow exudation. What type
of inflammation is this?
+ purulent
- serous
- fibrinogenous-croupous
- fibrinogenous-dyphtheric
- hemorrhagic
?
A man complaints of itch and reddening of the skin in the area of cheek, which appeared
after shaving. Objectively: in the area of hyperemic cheek skin vesicles, filled by transparent
liquid, are found. Of what character is the liquid in vesicles?
+ serous exudation
- transudation
- purulent exudation
- mucous exudation
- hemorrhagic exudation
?
To the experimental animal, after sensitizing made earlier, antigen dose was injected
hypodermically. In the place of injection developed fibrous inflammation with alteration of
walls of vessels, basic substance and fibrous structures of conjunctive tissue in the form of
mucous and fibrinogenous swelling, fibrinogenous necrosis. What immunological reaction is
it?
+ hypersensibility of immediate type
- hypersensibility of delayed type
- reaction of transplantational immunity
- normergic reaction
- granulomatosis
?
The illness of the child began with catching a cold and feeling unwell. High temperature,
headache, sickness, vomiting appeared. The child was hospitalized to the isolation
department, but in two days, in spite of treatment, he died. On the postmortal examination it
was found: pia mater of brain is sharply thickened, dull, dropsical, plethoric, of yellow-
greenish colour, cerebral is with pronounced edema, incarceration of trunk in big occipital
opening. What type of exudation inflammation developed in the arachnoid membranes?
+ purulent
- catarrhal
- hemorrhagic
- fibrinous
- serous
?
While histological examination of the sick’s lungs, who died of cardial insufficiency
inflammation focuses with alveoli filled by pale-rosy liquid were found, here and there with
thin rosy threads, making small-looped net with not many lymphocytes. What is the
character of exudation in lungs?
+ serous-fibrous
- hemorrhagic
- serous purulent
- fibrinous
?
While examination of the corps with cancerous growth of stomach, who died of cancer
intoxication, in back lower lobules of lungs dense grey-red focuses of irregular form were
found, which tower above the surface of the section. Microscopically by that in the gleam,
walls of small bronchial tubes and alveoli one can see an exudation, in which there are a lot
of neutrophils. What disease had the dead?
+ acute purulent pneumonia
- acute bronchitis
- crupous pneumonia
- intermediate pneumonia
- acute serous bronchopneumonia
?
While postmortal examination of man’s corps, who died of cancer intoxication, while
microscopical examination the wall of stomach is thickened to 1,2cm, mucous tunic is
immobile, rugosity is not pronounced. On the section it is homogeneous, whitish, chondroid.
For what microscopical type of swelling such changes are typical?
+ seepage
- node
- ulcer
- ulcer-infiltrational
- cyst
?
A woman, 34 years old, after unsafely using an iron, got a sharp pain, reddening,
intumescences on the right forefinger. After a few minutes, a bubble appeared, filled by a
transparent liquid of thatch-yellow colour.
Manifestation of what pathological process are such changes?
+ exudative inflammation
- traumatic edema
- alternative inflammation
- proliferate inflammation
- vacuole degeneration
?
The sick, 34 years old, consulted the doctor complaining on local pain in occipital zone, rising
temperature in this area. Microscopically there is a conic red-cyanotic infiltration with
yellow-greenish topping, which rises above the skin. Diagnose such disease.
+ furuncle
- phlegmon
- abscess
- carbuncle
- empyema
?
A girl, 5 years old, caught diphtheria. On the third 24-hours she died of asphyxia in the result
of croup. On the postmortal examination it was found that a mucous tunic of throat, trachea
and bronchial tubes is thickened, dropsical, covered with grayish pellicles, which easily can
be separated. About what pathological process testify such morphological changes in throat?
+ croupous inflammation
- serous inflammation
- purulent inflammation
- dyphtheric inflammation
- catarrhal inflammation
?
The dead of transmural infarction of myocardium on the postmortal examination had on the
surface of pericardium: thread-like white-brown depositions, which connect parietal and
visceral leaves of pericardium. Point the type of inflammation in pericardium:
+ crupous inflammation
- granulematous inflammation
?
On the mucous tunic of the glands and soft palate grey-white pellicles can be seen, which are
densely connected with subjecting tissue, while attempting to take the pellicle off on its
place appears deep tissue defect. Define the pathological process, which appeared on the
mucous tunic of the glands and soft palate:
+ diphtheric inflammation
- crupous inflammation
- mixed inflammation
?
While postmortal examination of the man, 28 years old, who suffered of acute
glomerulonephritis and died with symptoms of progressive uremia, on the pericardium
surface, visceral and parietal leaves of pleura, abdominal cavity thickening in form of white
threads could be seen, which easily separated from subjecting tissue. Point the kind of
inflammation in серозных оболочках.
+ crupous fibrinous inflammation
- dyphtheric fibrinous inflammation
- diffusive proliferative inflammation
?
On the postmortal examination it was found, that the whole right lung is enlarged, dense, on
the section tissue is grey, and turbid liquid is exuding from it. For what lungs disease are
such symptoms typical?
+ crupous pneumonia
- furnace pneumonia
- interstitial pneumonia
- lungs gangrene
- fibrosing alveolitis
?
The sick, 43 years old, has a scald, got in fire, on the right hand. On the palm on the backside
appeared epidermis exfoliation and formation of bubble, filled by not quite clear liquid. What
the most probable inflammation has the sick?
+ serous
- purulent
- catarrhal
- putrid
- fibrinous
?
While examination of the sick’s throat, who suffered of angina, hyperemia of palate mucous
tunic, tonsils are enlarged, red, on their surface there are small white-yellow focuses. What
clinical-morphological type of angina is the most probable in this case?
+ lacunar
- catarrhal
- purulent
- fibrinous
- necrotic
?
A child, 7 years old, became sharply ill with temperature rising to 38°C, caught a cold,
coughing, epiphora and large spots rash on the skin. Mucous tunic of the throat is dropsical,
hyperemic, with whitish spots in the cheeks area. What inflammation is in the basis of these
changes?
+ catarrhal
- purulent
- fibrinous
- hemorrhage
- serous
?
A child was delivered to the medical reception in the condition of asphyxia. While throat
examination whitish pellicles obturating the gleam, which could be easily separated, were
found. The doctor suspected diphtheria. What form of throat inflammation is it?
?
While postmortal examination of the dead pathologist revealed that pia mater of brain are
plethoric, thickened, non-transparent, of yellow-whitish colour. For what form of exudative
inflammation are such changes in pia mater of brain typical?
+ purulent
- serous
- hemorrhagic
- fibrinous
- catarrhal
?
On the sick’s skin, after having had a thermic burn, formed painful bubbles, filled by not
quite clear liquid. What morphological form of inflammation has the sick?
+ serous
- productive
- crupous
- granulematous
- dyphtheric
?
The sick of peritonitis, in the abdominal cavity has 200ml of viscous green-yellow liquid.
Name the form of exudative inflammation:
+ purulent
- serous
- fibrinous
- hemorrhagic
- putrid
?
The child’s temperature arouse, pain while swallowing appeared. While the palate’s
examination glands are enlarged, dark-red, covered with grey-yellow pellicles, densely
connected with glands’ surface. What inflammation developed in the glands?
+ dyphtheric
- crupous
- hemorrhagic
- purulent
- catarrhal
?
While appendix examination diffusive leukocytic infiltration of all layers of the wall is
observed. Name the type of the appendix:
+ acute phlegmonous
- acute ordinary
- necrotic
- acute superficial
- gangrenous
?
On the postmortal examination it was found, that left lung is enlarged, dense, on the visceral
pleura there are impositions of fibrin, on the section it is grey, from its surface not clear
grey-yellow liquid flows down. What disease is it?
+ crupous pneumonia
- furnace pneumonia
- pulmonary cancer
- bronchiectatic disease
?
A woman, after supercooling felt shivery, got high temperature, coughing, acute pain in
breast when breathing. She died on the 5 th day. On the postmortal examination lower lobule
of the right lung is enlarged, dense, grey on the section with grainy surface, on the pleura
there are grey pellicle impositions. What disease is this?
+ crupous pneumonia
- influenza pneumonia
- bronchial pneumonia
- caseous pneumonia
- measles pneumonia
?
While postmortal examination of the sick which died of crupous pneumonia, in pleural cavity
not clear liquid was found, on the visceral pleura there is grey pellicle. Define the type of
inflammation on the visceral pleura.
+ fibrinous
- catarrhal
- purulent
- granulematous
- hemorrhagic
?
On the postmortal examination it was revealed that the sick of pulmonary pathology has the
cavity with thickened walls, filled by greenish liquid, with odor nuisance. Diagnose the
disease:
+ lungs abscess
- lungs gangrene
- lungs infarction
- lungs cavity
- lungs tuberculome
?
While proctosigmoidoscopy of the child, 10 years old, it was found, that mucous tunic of
rectum and sigmoid colon is turgid, reddish, covered with sick layer of mucus. Name the
right answer, to which such changes соответствуют:
+ catarrhal inflammation
- bruise
- hemorrhage inflammation
- venous plethora
?
A child, 4 years old, has enlarged and hyperemic throat and glands, they are covered with
taking-off whitish pellicles. Choose the answer, which characterizes the process in the throat
and glands.
+ fibrinous inflammation - dyphtheric
- caseous necrosis
- fibrinous necrosis
- fibrinous inflammation – crupous
?
The child, 8 years old, was received to the isolation department with high temperature to
38°C, punctulated bright-red rash on the skin. Scarlet fever was diagnosed. Mucous tunic of
the throat is vividly hyperemic, dropsical, glands are sharply enlarged, with dull focuses of
grey-yellow colour and areas of black colour. What inflammation is in the basis of throat
changes?
+ purulent-necrotic
- fibrinous
- hemorrhagic
- serous
- catarrhal
?
While postmortal examination of the dead’s man (62 years old) liver a focus of tissue распад
4cm in diameter was found, filled with the yellow-green liquid. The most trustworthy
diagnose is:
+ abscess
- phlegmon
- carbuncle
- empyema
- granuloma
?
The sick has a high temperature, short breathing, pain in the right part of the breast. While
pleural punction 700ml of cream-like yellow-green liquid was removed. The most
trustworthy diagnose is:
+ pleural empyema
- pleural carcynomatosis
- serous pleurisy
- fibrinous pleurisy
- hemorrhagic pleurisy
?
Spongy and cortical layer of cannon bone on the separate parts is in the state of
disintegration, cavities, which had formed, are filled with cream-like yellow-green liquid.
The most trustworthy form of inflammation is:
+ purulent
- catarrhal
- serous
- proliferative
- mixed
?
Mucous tunic of the trachea is dull, plethoric, with impositions of grey-white pellicles. The
most trustworthy form of inflammation is:
+ fibrinous
- purulent
- serous
- proliferative
- mixed
?
A sick child, 6 years old, was delivered to the medical reception of children hospital in the
state of asphyxia. In the throat whitish, obturating the gleam and easily separating pellicles
were found. Tracheotomy was made. What kind of inflammation developed in throat?
- hemorrhagic inflammation
?
The sick of chronic pyelonephritis died of chronic renal insufficiency. Inter vivo auscultative
the phenomenon of «noise of pericardium friction» was noticed. On the postmortal
examination it was found, that epicardium is dull, rough, looks like covered with hair. What
type of pericarditis, due to the character of inflammation, is it?
+ crupous
- dyphtheric
- purulent
- putrefactive
- serous
?
While postmortal examination of the girls body, which died of asphyxia, it was found that the
mucous tunic of trachea and bronchial tubes are covered with white-grey pellicle, which is
friably connected with subjecting tissues and is easily taking off by forceps. The gleam of
segmental bronchial tubes is filled with friable masses of grey-yellow colour. What
tracheobronchitis due to the character of exudation was noticed while postmortal
examination?
+ crupous
- catarrhal
- dyptheric
- purulent
- putrefactive
?
The sick, 28 years old, has considerably enlarged, plethoric, painful glands, on its surface
there are dense dirty-grey pellicles, which spread on the hard palate, densely connected with
subjecting tissues, while attempting to separate them bleeding begins. What pathological
process determines such morphological changes?
+ dyphtheric exudative inflammation
- crupous exudative inflammation
- catarrhal exudative inflammation
- purulent exudative inflammation
- hemorrhagic exudative inflammation
?
On the postmortal examination of the sick in the abdominal cavity about 2 liters of purulent
liquid were found. Abdominal cavity is dull, with grayish shade, on the serous tunic of the
gulls there are grey layers, which can be easily separated. Most probably it is:
+ fibrinous-purulent peritonitis
- hemorrhageous peritonitis
- serous peritonitis
- tubercular peritonitis
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead man, 34 years old, who died of rheumatism it
was found, that epicardium surface is lanate, covered with grey pellicles, which can be easily
separated. After their separation dropsical plethoric surface of epicardium is defined. The
most trustworthy diagnose is:
+ fibrinous pericarditis
- purulent pericarditis
- hemorrhagic pericarditis
- proliferative pericarditis
- catarrhal pericarditis
?
The sick after an operation (burn disease) in the conditions of sharp reduction of the
reactivity of organism sepsis became progressing, which caused the death. In the region of
the frontal wall of the abdominal cavity on the postmortal examination microscopically it
was seen diffusive infiltration by segmental-nucleus leucocytes intermuscular spaces, edema
of the tissue, lysis of muscle fiber. Define the character of the disease.
+ phlegmon
- diphtheric inflammation
- abscess
- necrosis
?
The sick, 67 years old, had a heavy form of the influenza with fatal outcome. On the section
were found changes in lungs due to the type of «big multi-coloured lungs». While
microscopical examination it was revealed: sharp plethora of vessels, hemorrhage, oedema
of pulmonary tissue, in the gleams of bronchial tubes and alveoli there is an exudation,
which contains mainly erythrocytes. About what type of lungs inflammation testify such
morphological symptoms?
+ hemorrhage bronchopneumonia
- catarrhal bronchopneumonia
- purulent bronchopneumonia
- desqumative bronchopneumonia
- fibrinous bronchopneumonia
?
A girl 6 years old fell ill in diphtheria and died on the third day of asphyxia. On the autopsy
mucous tunic of the throat and bronchial tubes is thickened, dropsical, covered with grayish
pellicles, which can be easily separated. About what type of inflammation testify
morphological changes?
- diphtheric inflammation
?
A man, 55 years old, suffered for a long time of chronic glomerulonephritis. He died with the
symptoms of chronic renal insufficiency. On the surface of epicardium and pericardium
grayish-white lanate layers were found. What pathological process was there in
pericardium?
+ fibrinous inflammation
- organization
- proliferative inflammation
- arterial plethora
?
While postmortal examination of the dead who died of chronic renal insufficiency in the
mucous tunic of the colon grey-yellow, densely joined pellicles, which separated with
formation of ulcers were found. Define the type of inflammation:
+ diphtheric
- serous
- catarrhal
- crupous purulent
?
While postmortal examination of the sick, which suffered of crupous pneumonia and died of
pneumococcical sepsis, in the right pleural cavity were 900ml of not clear green-yellow
liquid. Pleura leaves are dull, plethoric. Name clinical-morphological form of inflammation in
pleural cavity.
+ empiema
- fibrinous inflammation
- phlegmon
- chronic abscess
- acute abscess
?
Mucous tunic of the colon of the man, who died of the dysentery, on the postmortal
examination is plethoric, covered with the pellicle of grey colour, which tears off with
excretion. What type of inflammation developed in the colon of the sick?
+ diphtheric inflammation
- crupous inflammation
?
A sick has high temperature, short breathing, pain in the right part of the chest. Pleural
puncture gave 700ml of viscous yellow-green liquid. What pathological process developed in
pleural cavity?
+ pleural empyema
- bronchopneumonia
- serous plevritis
- hemorrhagic plevritis
- pleural carcynomatosis
?
A child, 5 years old, got meningococcal meningitis. Macroscopically: pia mater of brain is
yellow-green and dropsical. Name the form of inflammation:
+ fibrinous-purulent
- serous
- hemorrhageous
- catarrhal
- putrefactive
The sick has symptoms of pulpitis. While examination it was found that tooth cavity and
carious cavity, which is connected with it, is filled by granulation tissue of bright-rosy colour,
which is bleeding. Determine the kind of pulpitis according to the character of inflammation.
+ granulating
- gangrenous
- serous
- purulent
- fibrous
?
While microscopical examination of the sick’s (52 years old) lungs, focuses of necrosis,
surrounded by bank of epithelial cells and lymphocytes were found. Between lymphocytes
and epithelial cells big round cells with numerous nuclei on the periphery are situated. How is
this formation called?
+ tuberculosis granuloma
- sarcoidosis granuloma
- syphilitic granuloma
- leprous granuloma
?
While histological examination of enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes, it was found, that a
woman, 40 years old, has the violation of its structure with focuses of cells accumulation,
which had a little bit stretched structure, with light nucleus, multi-nucleus large oval-rounded
cells, rich in cytoplasm with nuclei, situated on the periphery in the form of fence, surrounded
by lymphoid cells; in the centre of cells accumulation there are unstructured masses, coloured
in pink colour. Changes described are typical to:
+ tuberculosis lymphadenitis
- metastasis of swelling
- lymphogranulomatosis
- hyperplastic lymphadenitis
- sarcoidosis
?
On the operation by the sick from nasal cavity excretion of mucous tunic were extracted.
While histological examination in it it was found diffusive infiltration by lymphocytes,
plasmocytes and macrophages. Name the kind of inflammation
+ with formation of polyps
- with formation of pointed condilomas
- interstitial
- granelematous
- exudative
?
While microscopical examination of skin biopsy material granuloms are found, which consist
of epithelial cells, surrounded by T-lymphocytes. Among epithelial cells single giant cells with
many nuclei of type Pirogov-Langhans are found. In the centre of some granuloms areas of
caseous necrosis can be seen. There are no blood vessels. For what disease are such
granulome typical?
+ tuberculosis
- syphilis
- lepra
- rhinoscleroma
- glanders
?
While examination of biopsy material granulome was revealed, which consisted of

lymphocytes, plasmatic cells, macrophages with foam cytoplasm (Mikulich cells), and many
hyaline balls. About what disease one may think?
+ rhinoscleroma
- lepra
- syphilis
- tuberculosis
- actinomycosis
?
The sick, 46 years old, complained on difficult nasal breathing. In biopsy material of thickened
nasal mucous tunic Mikulich cells are found, accumulation of epithelial cells, plasmocytes,
lymphocytes, hyaline balls. What is your diagnose?
+ scleroma
- adenoviral rhinitis
- allergic rhinitis
- rhinovirus infection
- meningococcal nasopharyngitis
?
A girl, 4 years old, on the 3d 24-hours from the beginning of diphtheria died of croup. On the
autopsy mucous tunic of throat, trachea and bronchial tubes is thickened, dropsical, covered
with grayish pellicle, which separates easily. Define the type of exudative throat inflammation:
+fibrinous
- serous
- purulent
- mixed
- catarrhal
?
The sick, 22 years old, permanently lives in Western Ukraine complains of difficult nasal
breathing. While morphological examination of biopsy material of nasal mucous tunic
lymphoid, epithelial, plasmatic cells and Mikulich cells are found. What diagnose is the most
trustworthy?
+ rhinoscleroma
- glanders
- tuberculosis
- lepra
- syphilis
?
To the sick who complained of short breathing, biopsy of nasal mucous tunic were made. It
was diagnosed: rhinoscleroma. What cells are typical to this disease, while microscopical
examination?
+ Mikulich cells
- Pirogov-Langhans cells
- plasmocytes
- lymphocytes
- Schaumann corpuscles
?
While postmortal examination of the man, 60 years old, in lungs and liver many white nodules
like grain in size were found. Microscopically granulomes with necrosis zone in the centre
were found, on the periphery of it there are epithelial, lymphoid, plasmatic cells, also
macrophages and numerous - Pirogov-Langhans cells, which prevail in infiltration. What from
of granulomes enumerated above prevail?
+ giant-cellular granuloma
- macrophagal
- phagocytal
- epithelial-cellular
- granuloma of foreign bodies
?
The sick with subfibril temperature in biopsy material of enlarged lymph node has numerous
granulomes with caseous necrosis in centre, surrounded by epithelial cells, giant - Pirogov-
Langhans cells with many nuclei. For what disease are such pathohistological changes typical?
+ tuberculosis
- lymphosarcoma
- lymphatic leukemia
- banal lymphadenitis
?
While histological examination of biopsy material of the skin it was revealed, that the sick, 24
years old, has caseous necrosis, surrounded by cells seepage, which consists of lymphocytes.
Among them separate giant cells can be seen, besides there is growing of conjunctive tissue,
endovasculites. What is the character of inflammation process?
+ productive granulematous inflammation
- productive interstitial inflammation
- abscess
- ichorous inflammation
?
On the histological examination of the sick man’s (28 years old) cervical lymph nodes, was
revealed disturbance of the picture due to the growing of epithelial, lymphoid cells and
macrophages with nuclei in form of horseshoe, in the centre of some cells accumulation there
are unstructured areas of pale-pink colour with fragments of nuclei. For what disease are such
changes typical?
+ tuberculosis
- lymphagranulematosis
- actinomycosis
- metastasis of swellings
- syphilis
?
While microscopical examination of the lungs tissue an inflammation area was found, which
consists of necrosis focus, surrounded by correct rows of epithelial lymphoid cells, there are
plasmatic cells, macrophages and giant many-nuclei cells of Pirogov-Langhans. Define the
type of inflammation.
+ tuberculosis inflammation
- banal productive inflammation
- inflammation by lepra
- exudative inflammation
?
In the biopsy material nasal mucous tunic there were found epithelial cells, plasmocytes,
Mikulich cells, eosonofile Russell corpuscles. Your diagnose?
+ rhinoscleroma
- syphilis
- tuberculosis
- respiratory sintitial infection инфекция

- allergic rhinitis
?
In the liver tissue round formation 0.5сm in diameter was found. Microscopically it has the
following structure: necrotic masses in the centre, they are surrounded by granulating tissue
with presence in its structure plasmatic, lymphoid cells and blood vessels with symptoms of
vasculite. What diagnose should be made on the basis of the microscopy facts?
+ solitary gumma of liver
- solitary adenoma of liver
- solitary leproma of liver
- chronic liver abscess
- liver cancer
?
While microscopical examination of liver biopsy material focuses were revealed, in the centre
of them grainy eosonofile masses, surrounded by infiltration of lymphocytes, epithelial and
single cells of Pirogov-Langhans. Choose the pathological process, which most precisely
answers to changes described.
+ granulematous inflammation
- caseous necrosis
- proliferation and differentiation of macrophages
?
The sick, 22 years old, was delivered to the hospital with the complaints on the fever,
weakness. One of the enlarged cervical lymph nodes was taken to the histological
examination. The results are: in the lymph node tissue focuses of necrosis were revealed,
surrounded by epithelial cells, giant multy-nuclei cells of Pirogov-Langhans, and also
lymphocytes. What disease may be supposed in this case?
+ tuberculosis
- lymphogranulematosis
- lympholeucosis
- sarcoidosis
- syphilis
?
While microscopical examination of the myocardium of the man, who died of cardiac
decompensation, sclerosis of privascular conjunctive tissue and diffusive infiltration of it by
lymphocytes, macrophages, plasmocytes and single neutrophils. Point what of the
enumerated inflammation types is the most trustworthy?
+ interstitial productive
- granulematous
- alternative
- exudative diffusive
- exudative furnace
?
While histological examination of the biopsy material of the sick’s nasal septum, which
suffered of the difficult nasal breathing, in the mucous tunic it was found a granulematous
inflammation with presence in granulomes Mikulich cells and bacteries. What disease is this?
+ rhinoscleroma
- syphilis
- tuberculosis
- glanders
- lepra
?
In the result of histological examination of the biopsy material from the wall of the bronchial
tube of the sick, who suffered of chronic bronchitis, in the mucous tunic were found growing
of granulation tissue, towering above the surface of the mucous tunic and had diffusive
inflammatory infiltration. What type of bronchitis had the sick?
+ chronic polypous bronchitis
- chronic mucus-purulent bronchitis
- chronic mucous bronchitis
- chronic purulent bronchitis
- chronic deformating bronchitis
?
While histological examination of the man’s (30 years old) biopsy material from cervical
lymph node granulomes were revealed, which consist of epithelial, lymphoid, multi-nucleus
giant cells of Pirogov-Langhans. In the centre of granulomes necrosis can be found. What
pathogenic organism must be revealed in the necrosis zone to confirm the diagnose of
tuberculosis?
+ Koch’s mycobacterium
- бледную трепонему
- staphylococcus
- bacillus of Volcovich-Frisch
- salmonella
?
While microscopical examination of the cervical lymph node, lymphocytes and giant cells of
Pirogov-Langhans was found. In the centre there is caseous necrosis. Point the most probable
pathology.
+ tuberculosis
- rhinoscleroma
- sarcoidosis
- glanders
- syphilis
In the operational biopsy of thyroid gland histologically among follicles, filled by colloid,
lymphoid structures with centres of growth were found. What disease has the sick?
+ Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- endemic goiter
- sporadic goiter
- thyrodotoxicosis
- Riedel’s thyroiditis
?
While examination of thymus of the child’s (5 years old), who died of acute destructive
staphylococcal pneumonia, reduction of iron to 3.0g was noticed. While histological
examination in thymus it was found: lessening of gland’s particles, considerable lessening of
lymphocytes number with stroma collapse, inversion of layers, cyst increasing of Hassall’s
corpuscles. Which of these diagnoses is the most trustworthy?
+ accidental involution
- thymomegalia
- hypoplasia of thymus
- displasia of thymus
- agnensia of thymus
?
While examination of pregnant woman with RH-negative blood group a high level of
antierythrocytic antibodies was found, for reduction of which skin scrap of her RH-positive
man was sewed into. In two weeks skin scrap was rejected, microscopically in it it was found
blood circulation disturbance, edema, cell infiltration, mainly by lymphocytes, neutrophils and
macrophages. Which of these diagnoses is the most trustworthy?
+ transplantational immunity
- reaction of hypersensibility immediate type
- reaction of hypersensibility delayed type
- granulomatosis inflammation
- interstitial inflammation
?
The sick, 23 years old, after having had quinsy, got the development of ruinous syndrome
(hematuria, proteinuria, leukocyturia). In the paracentetic biopsy of kidneys a picture of
intracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis was found, and electronic-microscopically
large subepithelial deposits were revealed. What is the pathogeny of this disease?
+ immunocomplex mechanism
- atopy, anaphylaxis with formation IgE and their fixation on the mast cells
- cytotoxic, cytolitic action of antibodies
- cell-determined cytolysis
- granulomatosis
?
While histological examination of thyroid gland considerable lymphocytes infiltration with
formation of lymphoid follicles are determined, destruction of parenchymatous elements of
fibers of conjunctive tissue excursion. For what disease are such symptoms typical?
+ Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- colloid gland
- endemic gland
- thyrotoxicosis
- parenchymatous goiter
?
For organization of tuberculine test to the child intravenously was injected tuberculin. In 24
hours in the place of injection was noted pronounced hyperemia, tissue thickening. Name the
mechanism of development, which is the basis of such changes?
+ cellular cytotoxicity
- cytotoxicity of reagine type
- antibodial cytotoxicity
- formation of granulomes
- immunocomplex cytotoxicity
?
While histological examination of skin biopsy material granulomes are found, which consist of
macrophage nodes with presence of lymphocytes and plasmatic cells. Besides, big
macrophages with fat vacuoles occur, where there are packed in form of balls pathogens
(Virchow’s cells). Granulation tissue is well vascularized. For what disease such symptoms are
typical?
+ lepra
- tuberculosis
- syphilis
- rhinoscleroma
- glanders
?
While histological examination of lymph node great number of enlarged lymphoid follicles
with large centers reproduction with great number of mitosis figure were found. About what
testify such changes?
+ antigenic stimulation with follicular hyperplasia
- atrophy of lymphoid tissue
- lymphosarcoma
- lymphatic leukemia
?
From the sick of autoimmune gastritis biopsy material was taken. While examination of
biopsy material in mucous tunic lymphocytal and macrophagal infiltration were found. It
testifies of development in mucous tunic hypersensibility of:
+ IV type (cellular cytotoxicity)
- II type (reagine type)
- II type (antibodial cytotoxicity)
- III type (immunocomplex cytotoxicity)
- V type (granulematosis)
?
While histological examination of thyroid gland, extracted on the operation, destruction and
atrophy of follicles, diffusive lymphocytic infiltration with formation of lymphoid follicles in
stroma were revealed. To what group of diseases does such thyroiditis belongs?
+ autoimmune
- bacterial
- caused by physical factors
- infectious-allergic
- viral
?
While punctural biopsy in transplanted kidney diffusive infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes,
plasmocytes, lymphoblasts plasmoblasts and also necrotic arteritis were found. What
pathological process developed in трансплантате?
+ immune rejection
- glomerulonephritis
- ischemic trauma of kidney
- tubulonecrosis
- pyelonephritis
?
While postmortal examination of a child, 6 months old, who died of sepsis, lack of thymus,
reduction of spleen’s size and mass were revealed. While microscopical examination of spleen
lack of periarterial T-dependent zones of follicles with devastation of red pulp was found; in
lymph nodes there is lack of pericortical zone, which is mainly presented by T-lymphocytes.
B-zones in peripheral immune organs developed well. What pathological process is this?
+ Daygorgy syndrom (cell immunity insufficiency)
- Glanzman-Riniker syndrom (cell and humoral immunity insufficiency)
- Bruton syndrom (humoral immunity insufficiency)
- accidental thymus involution
- HIV
?
While histological examination of thyroid gland it was found moderate parenchyma atrophy,
sclerosis, diffusive infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes and plasmatic cells with formation of
lymphoid follicles. Your diagnose is:
+ autoimmune thyreoiditis
- parenchymal goiter
- thyreotoxic goiter
- thyreoiditis
- Riedel’s thyroiditis
?
The sick, who suffered of chronic purulent ostiomyelitis, died of chronic renal insufficiency.
While postmortal examination large dense white-yellow kidneys with sebaceous lustre on the
section were found. Your diagnose is:
+ kidney amiloidosis
- chronic glomerulonephritis
- subacute glomerulonephritis
- septic nephritis
- acute necrotic nephrosis
?
The sick, 45 years old, who got an acute pneumonia, on the 6 th day of illness developed
emphysema, which causes the death. On the postmortal examination it was found, that the
whole upper part of the right lung is affected, it is enlarged, dense, with fibrinous impositions
on pleura, grey on the section, from the surface of the section not clear liquid is flowing down.
Microscopically: in the alveoli gleam there are fibrins, neutrophils, macrophages,
hemolyzating erythrocytes. Name the pneumonia the sick had:
+ crupous pneumonia
- staphylococcic bronchopneumonia
- viral pneumonia
- hypostatic pneumonia
- respiratory distress-syndrom of adults
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead child, 3 days old, who died of prenatal pneumonia,
reduction of size and mass of вилочковой железы was found. While microscopical
examination in its lobules there is no clear-cut border between cortex and medullary
substance as a result of the lymphoid devastation of both zones; in medullary substance
numerous corpuscles of вилочковой железы (Hassal’s corpusles) of different size were
found, with the phenomenon of keratosis and calcinosis; interlobular conjunctive tissue is
excessively developed. What from the pathological processes in thymus enumerated above is
the most trustworthy?
+ accidental thymus involution
- atrophy
- hypotrophy
- aplasia
- thymomegalia
?
Near the infected wound regional lymph node are enlarged. While histological examination
there are found increasing of the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, lymphoid follicles in
cortex, also numerous plasmatic cells. What process in lymph nodes shows these histological
changes?
+ antigenic stimulation
- acquired insufficiency of lymphoid tissue
- tumour-like transformation
- reaction of hypersensibility
?
The sick of bronchial asthma had virus infection. It caused asthmatic статус with fatal
outcome. While histological examination of the lungs spasm and bronchial tubes edema were
found, in their walls there is infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophyls and other leukocytes,
and also degranulation of labrocytes. What mechanism of hypersensibility is it?
+ reagine reaction of hypersensibility
- inflammatory
- autoimmune
- immunocomplex
- immunodetermined cell cytol
?
A child has numerous development violations of the bones of facial part of scull. Cause of
death is sepsis, which developed on the basis of bronchopneumonia. Content of
immunoglobulines in blood is normal. On the postmortal examination lack of thymus was
revealed. Name the main cause of death,
+ insufficiency of cell immunity syndrome
- combined immune deficiency syndrome
- secondary immune deficiency syndrome
- acute lymphatic leukemia
- syndrome of chronic intoxication
?
While histological examination of the diagnostic biopsy of the left auricle rheumatoid
granulome was found, built of the fibrinous necrosis focus, around which there are basophile
macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and single plasmocytes. Point the most probable type
of inflammatory reaction.
+ hypersensitivity of delayed type
- normergic type
- immediate hypersensitivity
- inborn immunity
- acquired immunity
?
On the autopsy of the dead drug addict, on the skin of distal departments of the lower
extremities dark-red spots, plaques and nodes (Kaposi’s sarcoma). It was also revealed an
acute pneumonia, caused by pneumocysts. For what disease are such changes typical?
+ AIDS
- influenza
- measles
- diphtheria
- malignant anthrax
V. Tumors
?
The man of 46 years old has a dark patch on a skin which towered and did not disturb.
In course of time a spot began to increase, pain appeared, a color became blackly-brown
and a it was easy to feel the knot. Fusiform and polymorphic cells the cytoplasm of
which contained the pigment of brown color concerned on histological research of
remote fabric. What tumour is the question about?
+ Melanoma
- Basalioma
- Gemangioma
- Haematoma
- Karsinoid
?
The patient has in both jaws roentgenlogically founded numerous defects which look
as smooth-walled rounded openings. At histological research it was the phenomenon of
osteolysis and osteoporosis at the phenomena of weak ossification. In urine of patient
found the proteins of Ben - Jones. Name the disease.
+ myelomatosis
- Chronic myeloleucozis
- Chronic eritromyelozis
- Acute myeloleucozis
- Acute undifferentiated leucosis
?
During stomatology examination of a boy of 16 years were found megascopic underjaw
and neck lymphatic knots. A biopsy was conducted. Microscopically the change was
found in lymphatic bridles: the typical structure is effaced, cellular population is
heterogeneous, large cells are present with a multiblade kernel, plural uninuclear celles
of largeness, eosinophilic and neutrophilic leucocytes, lymphocytes.
In addition, the areas of necrosis and hearth of sclerosis are found. Diagnose the disease.
+ Limphogranulomatosis
- Hyperplasia of lymphatic knot
- Granulomatosic lymphadenitis
- Suppurative lymphadenitis
- Nechodjkinskaya lymphoma
?
At prophylactic examination of workers tied-up from by production coal resins,
there were the areas of bulge and cornification of mucous membrane in a mouth cavity
at some, mainly cheeks, whitish color, crackershell, not sickly. What pathology is the
question about?
1
+ Leucoplackia
- Papylomathoz
- Glossitis
- Stomatit
?
At a woman 38 years in thicker of a parotid gland a tumour, which consists of the
separate knots parted by the layers of connecting tissue, is exposed. Pathohistologically
the epidermal cells revealed, which form solid structures. Mucigenous cells form
structure, which cover a cavity muciferous. Shallow cells are the third element of
tumour with a hyperchromic nucleus. About what tumour is it necessary to think?
+ Mychoepydermal tumour
- Acinocellar tumour
- Papillar cistadenoma
- Adenolymfoma
- Adenocystic karcinoma
?
Patient 46 years, delivered in a clinic with the spontaneous break in the corner of lower
jaw. In the site of fracture substituted by solid whitish color tissue with brown
insertion. At pathohistological research the isles of the rounded form, limited by a
cylindrical and cube epithelium, are exposed. In a center are asteroid, oval polygonal
cells which form a net. What is the name of a tumour?
+ Ameloblastoma
- Adenomatoidic tumour
- Odontogenic karcinoma
- Complex odontoma
- Odentomeoblastoma
?
At a patient hearth excrescence of soft fabrics, which comes forward above the level of
gums, was exposed in the area of lower латерального chisel, by a diameter 6 мм on a
wide leg. Microscopically: surface covered by a multi-layered flat epithelium. There are
the chaotically located bunches of mature connecting fabric, two-bit of bloods and
lymphatic vessels, perivascular infiltration of the plasmocytes and lymphocytes. On
separate areas are small areas of ossiform matter, surrounded osteoblasts. How is the
exposed pathological process named?
+ Fibrosis epulis
- Villoma
- Angiomatosus epulis
- Fibroma
- Flatcellic crawfish
?
2
On the вентральной surface of language at a man with prosthetic appliance on a lower
jaw the dense grey name-plate of wrong form is exposed with an uneven surface with
clear scopes. At histological research of education the stored structure of multi-layered
flat epithelium is marked, bulge him due to acanthceous and basale layers,
hyperkeratinization, acanthosis; лимфомакрофагальная infiltration to subject
connecting fabric. To set a diagnosis.
+ Leikoplakia
- Eritoplakia
- Villoma
- Shrines in place
- Kondiloma
?
Under the skin of underjaw region at a woman 55 years mobile education is exposed
with the clear scopes of тестуватой of consistency 1,0x0,7 см with slow growth. At
histological research of education lipocytes which form lobules different after a form
and measuring are exposed, parted by the thin layers of connecting fabric with vessels.
To set a diagnosis.
+ Lipoma
- Fibroma
- Angioneoplasm
- Liposarcoma
- Fibrosarcoma
?
The solid layers built from shallow ephithelial cells with polymorphic kernels are
revealed in биоптате of mastoncus, with plenty of pathological mitosises.
Строма is scanty with лимфоцитарной infiltration. To set a diagnosis.
+ Medullar of shrines
- Scirrhous of shrines
- Illness of Pijet
- Adenoma
- Adenofibroma
?
After a few the years after injury of elbow at a boy 12 years tumular excrescence
appeared in area of epiphysis of humeral bone, not having clear scopes. At research of
биоптата found out plenty of polymorphic cells of osteoblastic as with the large
number of pathological mitosises. Put a hypothetical diagnosis.
+ Osteosarcoma
- Handrosarcoma
- Osteoid-остеома
3
- Fibrosarcoma
- Синовиальная sarcoma
?
At the intraoperational biopsy of suckling gland the signs of atypical tissue are exposed
the correlations of parenchima and стромы expressed in violation, with predominance
of the last, different sizes and form of ferrous structures, covered by single layer of
proliferating epithelium. Your hypothetical diagnosis.
+ Fibroadenoma
- Villoma
- Not infiltrative crawfish
- Infiltrative crawfish
- Venerable
?
At a woman in 6 months the uterine bleeding developed after births; at gynaecological
examination in the cavity of uterus found out fabric crimson color with plural cavities,
reminding a «sponge». At microscopic research of tumour in лакунах of blood found
out the atypical light ephithelial cells of Langhans and giant cells of
syncytiotrophoblast. Name a tumour.
+ Chorionepithelioma
- Flatcellic non-horny crawfish
- Adenocarcinoma
- Fibromioma
- Cystic skidding
?
A man 40 years suffered by a chronic bronchitis, died from exhaustion. On. dissection in
lights in the road clearance of bronchial tubes found out endophytic excrescence of
bright-grey soft fabric. At microscopic research of this fabric among excrescences of
atypical flat epithelium found out horny pearls. Your diagnosis.
+ Flatcell crawfish with the cornification
- Flatcell crawfish without the cornification
- Adenocarcinoma
- Indifferentive of shrines
- Apudoma
?
In the megascopic neck lymphatic knot of girl 14 years it was microscopically found
that the tissue structure of knot is broken, lymphoidic follicles are absent, there are the
areas of sclerosis and hearths of necrosis, cellular composition of knot is polymorphic,
Lymphocytes are present, eosinophile, atypical cells of largenesses with multilobular
kernels (cage of Beresovsky-Shternberg) and uninuclear cells also largenesses. Shrouds
diagnosis?
4
+ Megakaryoblastoma
- Sharp lympholeycosis
- Chronic lympholeycosis
- Lymphadenoma of Berkitt
- Mushroom-like mycosis
?
At research of biopsy of megascopic neck lymphatic knot the effaced of picture is
exposed, fabric him presented by plenty of proliferative lymphocytes with the presence
of single cells of Beresovsky-Shternberg. Do these changes testify at?
+ Megakaryoblastoma, with predominance of lymphoidic fabric
- Megakaryoblastoma, with exhaustion of lymphoidic fabric
- Mixcell variant of megakaryoblastoma
- To the lymphosarcoma
- Модулярно-sclerotic variant of megakaryoblastoma
?
At dissection of woman 33 years the bulge of wall of stomach is found in a pyloric
department (on a cut the layers of walls are distinguished) with excrescence of dense
white fabric in a submucous layer and shallow cords her in a muscular layer. Relief of
mucous membrane is stored, folds rigid, immobile. What macroscopic form of tumour
in this case?
+ Infiltrate
- Knot
- Ulcer
- Cyst
- Infiltratively -ulcerous form
?
At research of биоптата of lymphatic knot the conclusion is given
"Megakaryoblastoma". On the basis of what signs was diagnosed?
+ Berezovsky - Shternberg's cells
- Tyton's cells
- Pyrogov - Langhanse's cells
- Virhof's cells
- Mykuliche's cells
?
At a child 6 months on the skin of neck found out the flat knot of red color, at pressing
on by glass a knot turns pale a наиболее credible diagnosis is Which?
+ Hemangioma
Pigmental nevus
- Melanoma
- Leiomyoma
5
- Lymphangioma
?
At the patient of 21 year the tumour of frontal part of right hemisphere is remote head
brain by a diameter 5 см, which was unclear delimited from near-by fabric. On a cut -
homogeneous kind, histological — consists of cells the numerous sprouts of which
form thick interlacements. What tumour took place in a cerebrum?
+ Astrocytoma
- Oligodendroglioma
- Ganglioneuroma
- Epsidimoma
- Chorionpapiloma
?
At a patient on the skin of person gradual a name-plate developed with necrosis and
ulcer in a center. At pathohistologic research of bioptate excrescence of atypical
ephithelial cells is exposed with plenty of pathological mitosises. What is the most
reliable diagnosis?
+ Shrines of skin
- Sarcoma
- Villoma
- Trophic ulcer
- Fibroma
?
A dense tumour mobile is macroscopically found in a skin. At a microscopy she
is presented by the chaotically located bunches of collogens fibres with the two-bit of
fusiform cells. What tumour is remote?
+ Hard fibroma
- Leiomyoma
- Melanoma
- Lipoma
- Гломус -angioneoplasm
?
At a patient on small curvature in pyloric department found out formation of
crateriform form. From the regional area of education a biopsy is taken.Information of
histological research: tumour with the glandlike structures of different form and size,
ingrowing in surrounding fabric, by expressed атипизмом of cells. Name the
histological variant of this tumour.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell crawfish
- Scirrhus of stomach
- Mucous crawfish of stomach
6
- Solid crawfish of stomach
?
At бронхоскопии at a patient 62 years in the initial department of upper lobe of
bronchial tube of right lung polypoid education is found by a diameter to 1.0 see At
histological research a tumour which is built from shallow lymphocytelike cells with
hyperchromic kernels is exposed. cells grow layers and cords. Specify, what from the
transferred types of tumours reliable?
+ Undifferentiated finecell crawfish
- Undifferentiated largecell crawfish
- Flatcell crawfish
- Adenocarcinoma
- Glandul-flatcell crawfish
?
At histological research of lymphatic knot is diffuse excrescence of lymphoid cells
with the admixture of eosinophile and atypical histiocytes, single giant cells from two
and more by kernels, hearths of necrosis and sclerosis. Наиболее reliable diagnosis:
+ Megakaryoblastoma
- Lympholeycosis
- Lymph adenoma of Berkitt
- Sarcoidosis
- Mieloleycosis
?
On dissection at dying the system increase of lymphatic knots is found with formation of
tumular conglomerates. A spleen is megascopic, on a cut pied: on the red background of
mash plural shallow hearths of rather yellow-white and greyish color. What disease
most do the described changes answer?
+ Megakaryoblastoma
- Sarcoidosis
- Lymphosarcoma
- Shrines of lights
- Lympholeycosis
?
For pathohistological research an eyeball is delivered: in the retina of eye on the
projection of visual nerve tumour of I õ I см, soft consistency, brown color.
Microscopically a tumour consists of the polymorphic cells with a transparent
cytoplasm, grouped in alveolar structures, by the presence of pathological mitosises,
here and there with the accumulation of brown pigent. More reliable all this:
+ Melanoma
- Shwanoma
- Glomic tumour
7
- Paraganglioma
- Angiosarcoma
?
Tumour in a capsule by a diameter 2 see operatively remote from amputation cults of
lower extremity, microscopically consists of fusiform cells of monomorphic kind with
sticklike kernels which form "palisades"
structures together with fibres. What from the transferred types
of tumours наиболее reliable?
+ Of high quality neurolimoma
- Neurofibroma
- Malignant neurolimoma
- Soft fibroma
- Fibrosarcoma
?
At a patient 55 years the relapsic uterine bleeding appeared. The diagnostic
endometrectomy is executed. In соскобе of endometrium among the elements of blood
evidently the ferrous elements of different size and form, formed by atypical cells with
hyperchromic kernels, with numerous mitosises (including pathological). About what
process is it possible to think?
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Ferrous hyperplasia of endometrium
- Chorionepithelioma
- Adenomatous polypus
- Signs of the interrupted pregnancy
?
A patient with crawfish of stomach and plural metastases died from a cancer cachexy.
you will select the characteristic changes of heart, exposed on dissection.
+ Brown acardiotrophia
- Amyloid cardiomegaly
- Dilatative cardiomiopathia
- Hypertrophy cardiomiopathia
- "Tiger" heart
?
At a patient 45 years supraclavicular lymphatic knots are found megascopic. At
research of biopsy material from a lymphatic knot the metastasis of cellular crawfish is
exposed. Choose наиболее credible localization of primary tumour.
+ Shrines of stomach
- Shrines of thyroid
- Shrines of lights
- Shrines of neck of uterus
8
?
At histological research of bioptate of vaginal part of neck of uterus at a patient 47
years with protractedly not healing erosion signs are exposed by the cell of an atypism,
basale membrane - without the changes. Diagnose.
+ Carcinoma of in situ
- Erosion
- Adenocarcinoma
- Villoma
- Endomethriosis
?
At histological research of tumour of skin exposed different sizes the lobules from fatty
fabric, delimited by the irregular layers of connecting fabric. Diagnose.
+ Lipoma
- Fibroma
- Hygroma
- Villoma
- Hemangioma
?
At research of tumour of uterus (operating material) it is exposed macroscopically, that
she soft to consistency, with a hemorrhage and areas of hearth necrosis, on a cut
reminds «fish meat». At histological research the signs of expressed cellular and tissue
atypical are set, there are cells with the pathological figures of mitosises. It is necessary
to diagnose.
+ Sarcoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Angioneoplasm
- Fibroma
- Lipoma
?
At microscopic research of bioptate from the area of tumour of mucous membrane of
right bronchial tube, cellular and tissue atypical is set. Appearance of structures as
«cancers pearls». To define character of pathological process.
+ Malignant tumour
- Hyperplasia
- Metaplasia
- Hypogenesis
?
At microscopic research of bioptate from lights atypical cells which form plural
ацинарные structures and product mucus are exposed. What histological
form of crawfish of lights takes place at a patient?
9
+ High-differentiated adenocarcinoma
- Moderato differentiated adenocarcinoma
- Undifferentiated crawfish
- Moderato differentiated flatcell crawfish
- Galdule-flatcell of shrines
?
At a patient at gastroscopical research in the area of small curvature tumular education
is exposed by a diameter 1,5 см on a leg. What character of growth of tumour?
+ Exophitic
- Expansive
- Infiltrative
- Unpositional
- Endophytic
?
A patient was operated on an occasion the tumour of uterus. Macropreparation: spongy
pied knot in a myometrium. Histologicaly is present large light ephithelial cells among
which much dark polymorphic cells. Строма is absent, vessels have the appearance of
cavity, covered by the cells of tumour. Concerne plural hemorrhage. How is the exposed
tumour named?
+ Chorionepithelioma
- Malignant cystic skidding
- Adenocarcinoma
- Cavernosic hemangioma
- Modullar of shrines
?
At an elderly woman with a metrorrhagia in менопаузе at pthohistological research in
scratch of mucous membrane of neck of uterus excrescences of атипического
epithelium are exposed with formation of the so-called "cancers pearls". Your
diagnosis?
- Adenocarcinoma
- Mucous crawfish
- Undifferentive shrines
?
At dying 42 years operated in the past on an occasion the tumour of stomach at
dissection: an ovary is sharply megascopic in sizes, dense consistency, white color.
Histological: in preparation the atypical ephithelial cells placed among layers and cords
of connecting fabric. What disease takes place?
+ Crucenbergh’s of shrines of ovary
10
- Serosal cystadenocarcinoma
- Pseudomucinic cystadenocarcinoma
- Malignant tekoma
- Malignant granular cell tumour
?
V young man in soft fabrics of counter-clockwise thigh painless new formation
appeared without clear scopes. In bioptate of fabric new formations remind fish meat,
consist of immature Fibroblastic cells with numerous mitosises which germinate in
muscles. Your diagnosis?
+ Fibrosarcoma
- Myosarcoma
- Fibroma
- Shrines
- Mioma
?
At research of bioptate from a stomach signs are exposed tissue and cellular atypic, that
allowed to set the diagnosis of malignant tumour is shrine. What from the transferred
signs were decision in raising of diagnosis
+ Glands are covered by polymorphic cells with large kernels, by the megascopic
number of kernels, by a narrow rim
- Glands in a stomach have different sizes and form, different width of road clearances
- Many glands are located closely, side-by-side
- Glands are located helter-skelter
- Placed is marked location of cells in a gland
?
At histological research of knot in a remote suckling gland among abundant стромы
exposed different sizes and form complexes of atypical polymorphic ephithelial cells
with the presence of road clearances in the center of complexes. Cage with large
kernels, by the megascopic number of kernels and nucleolar organizers, by the
presence of atypicalmitosises. Put the supposed diagnosis.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Fibroadenoma of suckling gland
- Solid crawfish
- Flatcell uncornificative crawfish
- Undifferentiated polymorphocell crawfish
?
At necropsy man 63 years, dying from crawfish of lung found out plural metastases.
What from them is it possible to consider as pin on the mechanism of development?
+ Shallow plural tumours knots on a pleura
- Metastases in brocheal, bifurcative, paratracheal lymphatic knots
11
- Metastases in a cerebrum
- Metastases in adrenal glands
- Germination of tumour from a bronchial tube in a gullet
?
It is exposed at histological research of malignant mastoncus, that a tumour is built
from lowdifferentive of atypical ephithelial cells at the origins which form trabecula.
Separated between itself by the layers of connecting fabric, correlation of cells and
стромы approximately 1:1. Name the histological variant of crawfish.
+ Solid
- Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell
- Fibrotic
- Finecell
?
At a patient 17 years intraoperatively on the lower surface of liver a tumour is exposed
by the sizes of 4.5x5.0x3.5ñ ì. with subserosal localization crimson color, on a cut
presented by a cavity with considerable maintenance of blood. To diagnose.
+ Cavernosive hemangioma
- Capillary hemangioma
- Hemangioperacytoma
- Hemangioepithelioma
- Lymphangioma
?
It is discovered at microscopic research of tumour of overhead lip, that she is built from
numerous cracklike cavities the wall of which is covered by flat endothelia, filled by
liquid blood and packages. To fill in a diagnosis.
+ Capillary hemangioma
- Venous hemangioma
- Hemangioma of cavity
- Hemangioma-endothelioma
- Gnomus -angioneoplasm
?
For histological research an uterus remote after the operation is delivered. Under a
mucous membrane numerous the rounded form knots which expressly delimited from
surrounding fabric. Microscopically a tumour is built from the bunches of smooth
muscles with the phenomena of tissue atypism. Your diagnosis.
+ Leiomyoma
- Shrines of uterus
- Fibromioma
12
- Leykomiosarcoma
?
At a 40-years-old man from stenosive (without metastases) by crawfish of gullet found
out the following changes: atrophy of skeletal muscles, fatty cellulose. Skin of the
earthily-brown colouring, an epidermis is thinned, a heart is diminished in sizes.
Myocardium and liver of brown color. Diagnose?
+ Alimentarive cachexy
- Miastenosis
- Cancer cachexy
- Brown atrophy
- Ilness of Addison
?
At a patient new formation of skin, which has the appearance of knot with a papillary
surface which reminds a cauliflower, is remote, to dense consistency. Microscopically a
tumour consists of
many papillae. A parenchima is formed from an integumentary epithelium from
increased by the number of layers. Stratificative polarity of cells is stored in an
epithelium, integrity of own membrane. Tumour’s stroma is situated in the center of
papillae. What is the most reliable diagnosis?
+ Villoma
- Fibroma
- Adenoma
- Fibroadenoma
- Cystoadenoma
?
At microscopic research of bronchobiopsy a tumour which is built from the nest of
accumulations of atypical cells of multi-layered flat epithelium is exposed. Placed
with characteristic "pearls". Your diagnosis?
- Solid crawfish
- Mucous crawfish
- Scirrhus
?
At a man by age 62 years it is remote bud in which at macroscopic research a tumour is
exposed as a knot by a diameter to 8ñ ì. Fabric of tumour on a cut is pied, with a plural
hemorrhage, by necrosises Histological: a tumour consists of light cells which form
alveolar and сосочковые structures, invasion growth is moderato expressed.
Pathological mitosises, hyperchromic kernels, concerne in many cells of tumour.
Diagnose the exposed nephroncus
13
+ Brightcell of shrines
- Brightcell adenoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Nephroblastoma
- Acidofilyc adenoma from malignisation
?
What pathological process are the exposed microscopic changes characteristic for?
+ Adenocarcinoma of uterus
- Ferrous hyperplasia of endometrium
- Sharp endometritis
- Placenta polypus
- Chorionepithelioma of uterus
?
At a woman 64 years there was the pathological break of humeral bone. Result of
biopsy: atypical plasmatic cells. Roentgenologic in the site of fracture tumular
educations.
Possible disease:
+ Myelomatosis
- Chronic osteomielitis
- Chondrosarcoma
- Fibrotic displasia of the bone
- Metastasis of adenocarcinoma
?
At dissection of child 3 years a tumor which does not have clear scopes from
circumferential is sawed in a cerebellum by fabric, histological built from atypical
shallow cells with hyperchromic kernels more Reliable all this:
+ Medulloblastoma
- Medullosarcoma
- Metastasis of crawfish
- Metastasis of sarcoma I
- Glioblastoma
?
Getting hoarse of voice appeared at a patient. During laryngoscope found out the tumor
of larynx of серо-белого color, with a сосочковой surface. Microscopically:
excrescence of connecting fabric, which is covered by a multi-layered flat epithelium
with the megascopic cornification, without cellular typist. More reliable all this:
+ Villoma
- Fibroma
- Polypus
- Angioneoplasm
14
- Angiofibroma
?
At a patient 75 years from extraperitoneal cellulose a tumor is remote by the sizes of
16x8x6ñ ì. Microscopically: aplasive fatty cells with the signs of cellular atypism,
polymorphism. There are the enormous disfigured cells which have fatty drops in a
cytoplasm . What is the most reliable diagnosis?
+ Liposarcoma
- Lipoma
- Fibrosarcoma
- My sarcoma
- Meaothelioma
?
At histological research of tumor of stomach a lot of cricoid cells are exposed. Name the
histological variant of crawfish.
+ Mucous
- Solid
- Adenocarcinoma
- Sarcoma
- Carcinoid
?
At histological research of knot in a remote suckling gland among abundant stroma
exposed different sizes and form complexes of atypical polymorphic epithelial cells
with the presence of road clearances in the center of complexes. Cage with large
kernels, by the presence of atypical mitosises. Diagnose.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell noncornifiacted crawfish
- Solid crawfish
- Fibro adenoma of suckling gland
- Undifferentiated polymorphocelled crawfish
?
On necropsy man 35 years in the second segment of right lung the hearth of
compression is exposed by the diameter of 5ñ ì. Surrounded by a thin capsule. A hearth
is presented by dense dry crumbling
fabric with a dim surface. The discovered morphological changes in a lung are
characteristic for:
+ Tuberculoma
- Shrine of lung
- Chondromas
- Tumorosive of form of schistosis
- Post-inflammatory pneumoscleroma
15
?
At a woman 46 years during the palliative operation on an occasion crawfish of
stomach the presence of Krukenbergh's of metastases is set in ovaries ("Krukenbergh
of shrines of ovaries"). What from the transferred ways of initiations resulted in the
defeat of ovaries?
+ Lymphogenic retrograde
- Lymphogenic orthohailstone
- Hematogenic
- Implantative
- Canalicullar
?
At histological research of соскоба of mucous membrane of uterus at a patient 54 years
with the clinical diagnosis of violation ovarian – menstrual cycle it is discovered is
excrescence of ancient ferrous structures which consist of cells with hyperchromic
kernels, by the figures of mitosises, by atypia. Atypical ferrous structures grow in a
myometrium. For
what pathological process characteristic such microscopically change?
- It is ferrous Hyperplasia of endometrium
- Sharp endometritis
- Chorionepithelioma of the uterus
?
At microscopic research of biopsy of neck of uterus cellular and nuclear atypia is
exposed multi-layered flat epithelium, pathological mitosises, and also horny pearls at
back of ephithelial layers. Your diagnosis:
+ Flat cell crawfish with the cornification
- It is transitional-cellular crawfish
- Flat cell crawfish without the cornification
- Ferrous crawfish
- Anaplastic crawfish
?
At a patient at the roentgenologic inspection in flat bones the plural hearths of
osteoporosis are exposed and osteolisis high maintenance of tumular plasmatic cells is
exposed In trepanobioptate. Your diagnosis:
+ Myelomatosis
- Sharp monocytic leucosis
- Chronic myeloleykosis
- Megakaryoblastoma
- Histiocytosis
?
16
At endoscopic research of urinary bladder the conducted biopsy of tumour, consisting
of branching out papillae thin, covered by a few rows of cells of transitional epithelium.
Name a tumour.
+ Villoma
- Basalioma
- Transitioncell carcinoma
- Flatcell carcinoma
- Fibro adenoma
?
|At microscopic research of biopsy of colon a tumour is exposed from a prismatic
epithelium which forms the атипические ferrous structures of different form and size.
Cells are polymorphic, kernels hyperchromic, I am pathological mitosises. The basale
membrane of glands is blasted. Your diagnosis.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- basale-cellular crawfish
- Solid crawfish
- Mucous crawfish
- Undifferentiated crawfish
?
For histological research an eyeball is delivered , in the vascular shell of which
tumular formation is exposed 0.4 см of black. In cells are plural pathological mitosises
and in a cytoplasm many the pigent of yellow-brown color concernes of them. Your
diagnosis?
+ Melanoma
- Neurioma
- Angiosacoma
- Neuroblastoma
- Ganglioneuroblastoma
?
In a skin exposed dense, mobile, expressly the tumour delimited from surrounding
fabrics. On a cut she white color, presented by fibred fabric. Microscopically -
collogens fibres are chaotically casebound, cells are little. Name a
tumour?
+ Fibroma
- Mioma
- Histiocytoma
- Dermatofibroma
- Desmoid
?
17
At histological research of new formation skin it is exposed: a parenchima
is formed from an integumentary epithelium with the megascopic number of layers.
Stroma together with excrescences of epithelium forms papillae. Specify the type of
atypism.
+ Tissue
- Cellular
- Histiochemical
- Functional
- Metabolic
18
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who suffered from numerous pathological
fractures during his lifetime, revealed changes in his long tubular bones: the bones
of the thigh and shin were bent, in some places they resembled spirals, their
surface was tuberous, a section revealed an obliterated medullary channel and a
change in the compact structure of the cortical layer by the spongy type.
Microscopically, there was a mosaic type of the bone structures: against a
background of a disordered thin-fibrous or lamellar structure of the bone
fragments there were numerous cavities of sinusal resorption combined with signs
of new formation of the osseous tissue. The arteries, which supplied the bone
tissue, were dilated and convoluted. Name a diagnosis.
+ Deforming osteodystrophy
- Osteopetrosis
- Parathyroid osteodystrophy
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Chronic osteomyelitis
?
A 20-year-old girl developed complaints about an expressed fatiguability of her
ocular, masticatory, speech and deglutitive groups of muscles, when the normal
contraction of the muscles after great activity absolutely discontinued, but after
some rest the functioning of the muscles was restored again. Some time later the
pathological process involved the muscles of the extremities and intercostal ones.
An inadequate ventilation of the lungs resulted in development of the secondary
lobular pneumonia which caused the patient's death. An autopsy revealed an
atrophy of the striated muscles, their dystrophy with focal clusters of the
lymphocytes in the
- Tuberculosis
- Actinomycosis
+ Syphilis
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Leprosy
?
On autopsy of a 40-year-old male, who died from intoxication, his small intestine
contained groups of follicles which rose above the mucous coat. Their surface had
grooves and convolutions, their pattern resembling the cerebral surface. Against a
background of loss of lymphocytes, a microscopic examination of the follicles
revealed a proliferation of monocytes, histiocytes and reticular cells, as well as
clusters of macrophages which formed granulomata. What disease are the
described changes typical for?
- Dysentery
- Salmonellosis
- Amoebiasis
+ Typhoid fever
- Cholera
?
On visual examination of a male, who was admitted in a severe state and with a
high body temperature, the physician noticed that the inguinal lymph nodes were
enlarged up to 8 cm in diameter, tightly united with the surrounding tissue and
immobile, the skin above them was hyperaemic and sharply tender. A
microscopic examination revealed the most acute serous-haemorrhagic
inflammation in a lymph node. From his case history it was known that the patient
had spent some time before on a mountain pasture. What disease is characterized
by the changes described?
- Tularaemia
+ Plague
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
?
A 40-year-old male hunter at first noticed appearance of some pustule on the
index finger of his right hand, later it turned into an ulcer with uneven edges. His
right axillary lymph nodes were significantly enlarged and tightly united among
themselves. A biopsy of the finger skin was made. Its microscopic examination
revealed necrosis of the epithelium and underlying tissues, the derma had
granulomata consisting of epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, a large number of
segmented leukocytes and giant cells. There were areas of necrosis and
suppuration in the centres of the granulomata. What are these changes typical for?
- Tuberculosis
- Syphilis
+ Tularaemia
- Brucellosis
- Actinomycosis
?
A 35-year-old milkmaid died from cardiovascular insufficiency. On autopsy, a
pathologist diagnosed polypous-ulcerous endocarditis of the aortic valve.
Microscopically, the aortic valve revealed an inflammatory infiltration by
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, areas of ulceration and thrombi with organization.
The myocardial stroma was characterized by sclerosis and granulomata consisting
of disorderly located epithelioid, giant, plasma cells and eosinophils, the vessels
had vasculitis. What disease is characterized by the described changes in the
heart?
+ Brucellosis
- Chronic sepsis
- Rheumatism
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Systemic scleroderma
?
A 45-year-old female furrier died from brain oedema. On autopsy, the pia mater
in the vault and base of the skull were dark red and impregnated with blood, as if
they were covered with a "red cap"; the brain substance was oedematous, the stem
was strangulated in the great foramen. Microscopically, the pia mater had a
haemorrhagic inflammation, the cerebral tissue was characterized by a serous-
haemorrhagic inflammation, necrosis of the walls of small vessels, numerous
haemorrhages. What disease was the patient most probably ill with?
- Tuberculous leptomeningitis
- Meningococcal leptomeningitis
- Meningococcal meningoencephalitis
- Subarachnoid haemorrhage
+ Anthrax
?
A 40-year-old male butcher died from sepsis. His right cheek had a dark red,
conical and dense infiltrate, 5 cm in diameter, with a black coal-like centre. The
right halves of the face and neck were oedematous and dense. The cervical lymph
nodes were enlarged, on section they were dark red, the surrounding fat was red
and oedematous. A microscopic examination revealed the most acute serous-
haemorrhagic inflammation in the infiltrate, the centre of the latter had necrosis of
the epidermis and underlying layers, the lymph nodes and fat were characterized
by a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation. What disease should be suspected?
- Tularaemia
+ Anthrax
- Plague
- Carbuncle
- Furuncle
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from uraemia, revealed deformity of the spinal
column with a sharp limitation of mobility. The articular cartilages of small joints
of the spinal column were destroyed, there were some expressed signs of a
prolonged chronic inflammation in the articular tissues, the cavities of the joints
were filled with the connective tissue, but in some places with the osseous one
together with formation of ankyloses. The aorta, heart and lungs revealed a
chronic inflammation and focal sclerosis. The kidneys were characterized by
amyloidosis. What diagnosis was the most probable in this case?
- Paget's disease (deforming osteosis)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
+ Bekhterev's disease
- Osteopetrosis (marble bone disease)
?
The disease in a male patient began with chills, an elevation of the body
temperature up to 40°C, a headache, a cough, dyspnoea. On the 5th day, under the
phenomena of respiratory insufficiency, the patient died. On autopsy it was found
that the lungs were enlarged and motley by appearance. Against a background of
an impairment of circulation and massive haemorrhages, a microscopic
examination revealed numerous foci of serous-haemorrhagic pneumonia, foci of
an emphysema and atelectasis. What disease is characterized by such a picture in
the lungs?
- Croupous pneumonia
- Adenovirus infection
+ Influenza
- Respiratory-syncytial infection
- Parainfluenza
?
The grouped lymphatic follicles of the small intestine are enlarged and rise above
the surface of the mucous membrane, their surface has grooves and convolutions
resembling the cerebral surface; on section, the follicles are grey-red and
succulent. Microscopically, the follicles are characterized by a proliferation of the
monocytes and histiocytes, the clusters of macrophages form typhoid fever
granulomata. Name the stage of typhoid fever.
+ Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Formation of ulcers
- Clear ulcers
- Healing
?
A visual examination of the fauces in a 5-year-old child revealed that the faucial
and tonsillar mucosae were hyperaemic, the tonsils were enlarged and covered
with some yellow-whitish dense films, which were removed with difficulty
leaving a deep tissue defect at the place of their removal. The soft tissues of the
neck were oedematous, the cervical regional lymph nodes were enlarged and
tender. What disease might be suspected?
+ Diphtheria of fauces and tonsils
- Scarlet fever
- Measles
- Parotitis
?
A 5-year-old child developed rhinitis and tickling in the throat, an elevation of the
body temperature up to 40cC, later accompanied by a sharp headache, vomiting,
restlessness and chills. Four days later he also had a haemorrhagic eruption on the
skin, oliguria and adrenal insufficiency, that caused the patient's death. On
bacteriological examination of smears from the nasopharynx, a meningococcus
was revealed. What form of the disease took place?
- Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
- Meningococcal meningitis
- Meningoencephalitis
+ Meningococcaemia
?
A child, who acutely fell ill with scarlet fever, developed a significant
enlargement and a bright hyperaemia of the tonsils, their surface and the depth of
their tissue had greyish dim foci and ulcers with uneven edges. Name the form of
tonsillitis which accompanied the disease.
- Fibrinous
+ Necrotic
- Superficial
- Lacunar
- Follicular
?
An autopsy of a 18-year-old youth, who acutely fell ill and died from an
infectious toxic shock, revealed enlarged tonsils, covered with grey-white films
which spread to his palatine arches, as well as an oedema of the soft tissues of the
neck. A histological examination revealed necrosis of the epithelium of the tonsils
and arches, the underlying tissues were impregnated with some fibrinous exudate
which formed massive depositions on the surface. Make a diagnosis of the
infectious disease.
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Scarlet fever
+ Diphtheria
- Staphylococcal infection
?
In an 8-year-old child, the disease began acutely with catarrhal phenomena,
hyperthermia, whitish spots on the buccal mucosa against the lower premolars; on
the 4lh day these signs were accompanied by macromacular exanthema, on the
6th day the patient developed signs of respiratory insufficiency, that progressed
and resulted in a lethal outcome on the 8th day of the disease. A histological
examination of the lungs revealed necrotic panbronchitis, a focal emphysema, an
infiltration of the interalveolar septa by lymphocytes, plasma cells and histiocytes,
while the alveolar walls contained giant cells with eosinophilic inclusions in the
cytoplasm and parietally located "hyaline membranes". Make a diagnosis of the
infectious disease which is characterized by the changes in the lungs described.
- Parainfluenza
- Influenza
+ Measles
?
An autopsy of a 50-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis and died under
the phenomena of cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed the lobar type of
affection of his lungs: The upper lobe of the right lung was enlarged and dense, on
section it was yellow, the pleura had fibrinous superpositions. Name the form of
secondary tuberculosis.
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
- Infiltrative tuberculosis
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
+ Caseous pneumonia
?
An autopsy of a 17-year-old girl, who died from pulmonary insufficiency,
revealed in the lower lobe of her right lung some confluent areas of caseous
necrosis which were surrounded by fresh foci of an exudative inflammation; the
bronchopulmonary, bronchial and bifurcation lymph nodes were characterized by
phenomena of caseous necrosis. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the
most probable?
+ Growth of primary affect in primary tuberculosis
- Haematogenic form in progression of primary tuberculosis
- Haematogenic tuberculosis with predominant affection of lungs
- Tuberculoma
- Caseous pneumonia in secondary tuberculosis
?
A visual examination of the corpse of a 40-year-old male, who died from heart
failure, revealed traces of a rash in the form of brown spots and points on his skin,
as well as a conjunctival eruption. There were bedsores in the regions of the
sacrum and spinous processes of the vertebrae, and paraffinomata in the places of
subcutaneous injections of drugs. A microscopic examination of the CNS, skin,
adrenal glands revealed destructive-proliferative endothrombovasculitis in the
vessels of the microcirculation and small arteries of the above organs with
presence of Popov's granulomata, and there was isolated myocarditis in the heart.
Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Kussmaul's disease
- Q fever
- Enteric fever
+ Epidemic typhus
- HIV infection
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from tularaemia, revealed signs of the
haemorrhagic syndrome in the form of a petechial rash on the skin, haemorrhages
in the serous and mucous membranes, as well as in the internal organs. The spleen
was enlarged, gave an abundant scrape of the pulp, the lymph nodes were
enlarged, the marrow was characterized by an increased blood circulation. What
form of iiiluiucniia Joes this picture correspond to?
+ Typhoid
- Pulmonary
- Bubonic
- Primary tularaemic affect
?
An autopsy of a male cattle-breeder, who was ill for 3.5 months and died from
heart failure, revealed polypous-ulcerous endocarditis of the aortic valve,
productive myocarditis with presence of granulomata, systemic allergic
productive-destructive vasculitis, hyperplasia of the spleen. Name the disease.
- Relapsing fever
+ Brucellosis
- Plague
- Tularaemia
- Anthrax
?
A male patient complained of a fever, a severe headache, dyspnoea, and
tachycardia. He died under the phenomena of heart failure. On visual examination
of the body, roseolae and petechiae on the skin of the thorax, bedsores of the shins
and a gangrene of the toes were found. A histological examination of the
myelencephalon tissue revealed a hyperaemia, stases, perivascular cuffs of plasma
cells and foci of a proliferation of the microglia (Popov's granulomata). What is
your diagnosis?
- Anthracic meningoencephalitis
+ Epidemic typhus
- Typhoid fever
- Rubella
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who died under the phenomena of heart failure,
revealed jaundice, numerous haemorrhages on the skin, in the conjunctiva of the
eyes, on the serous and mucous membranes, as well as some thickening of the
ungual phalanges, foci of necrosis in the subcutaneous fat, polypous-ulcerous
endocarditis of the aortic valve with perforation of one of the cusps, sclerosis,
calcinosis and deformity of the others. Histologically, an infiltration of the stroma
of the internal organs by lymphocytes, histiocytes and macrophages, as well as
endo-and perivasculititides were found. Name the disease.
- Rheumatism
- Atherosclerotic defect of aortic valve
- Libman-Sacks endocarditis
+ Bacterial endocarditis
- Loffler's endocarditis
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from sepsis, revealed a purulent melting of the
tissue of the neck and the fat of the anterior mediastinum. Histologically, there
were a lot of small abscesses with a honeycomb structure, whose centres had
basophilic homogenous formations to which some short rod-like structures were
connected with one end. What is your diagnosis?
+ Actinomycosis
- Tuberculosis
- Diphtheria
- Leishmaniasis
- Scarlet fever
?
A 7-year-old child developed a pain in the throat, his body temperature rose. On
the 2nd day of his disease there appeared red eruptions on the skin in the form of
small and densely located spots which covered all the body, excluding the
nasolabial triangle. A visual examination revealed a bright reddening in the
fauces,
the tonsils were enlarged and hyperaemic, the tongue was crimson-red and dry.
What is your diagnosis?
- Streptococcal tonsillitis
- Measles
- Faucial diphtheria
+ Scarlet fever
?
An autopsy of a cachectic 36-year-old male, who during 10 years was suffering
from femoral osteomyelitis with periodic elevations of the body temperature up to
38°C, general weakness, a headache, and manifestations of intoxication and died
from a progressing renal failure, revealed amyloid shrunk kidneys, a brown
atrophy of the myocardium and liver, a sago spleen. What kind of sepsis was the
complication of osteomyelitis in this case?
- Septic endocarditis
- Fulminant sepsis
- Septicopyaemia
- Septicaemia
+ Chronic septicaemia
?
An autopsy of a 46-year-old male, who died from intoxication, revealed mucus
and some blood in the lumens of the rectum and sigmoid colon, the mucous
membrane had numerous brown-green membranous superpositions and
haemorrhages. Microscopically, fibrinous colitis was found. On bacteriological
examination of the intestinal contents, Shigella sonnei was isolated. Make a
diagnosis of the disease.
- Cholera
- Salmonellosis
+ Dysentery
- Yersiniosis
- Crohn's disease
?
An autopsy of an 8-year-old boy, who was ill with diphtheria of the fauces and
tonsils and died on the 2nd week, after the onset of the disease, revealed changes
in the myocardium in the form of microfocal necroses and an oedema of the
stroma. Diagnose the kind of myocarditis.
+ Alterative
- Septic
- Productive granulomatous
- Productive diffuse
- Focal exudative
?
On autopsy of a 48-year-old male it was found that the area of the Is' segment of
the right lung had a round formation, 5 cm in diameter, with clear contours; it was
surrounded by a layer of the connective tissue and represented by white-yellowish
crumbling masses. Diagnose the form of secondary tuberculosis.
- Caseous pneumonia
+ Tuberculoma
- Acute cavernous tuberculosis
- Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
?
A 34-year-old male injection addict died from progressing respiratory
insufficiency. A pathoanatomical examination revealed the following changes:
enlarged peribronchial, bifurcation, paratracheal and paraaortic lymph nodes; the
pulmonary tissue was air-free, the surface of its section discharged a large amount
of some mucous-foamy viscous fluid. Microscopically, the lumens of alveoli
contained foamy eosinophilic masses and clusters of macrophages, among which
on silvering some small round grey-black corpuscles with a light area in the
centre were identified. Make a diagnosis of the disease.
- Streptococcal pneumonia
- Lung candidiasis
- Pneumococcal pneumonia
- Cytomegalovirus pneumonia
+ Pneumocystic pneumonia
?
A 10-year-old girl was admitted to a traumatology department with signs of a
pathological fracture of her right femur. A histological examination of the
operational material revealed that the bone marrow of the removed femoral
fragment had numerous foci of caseous necrosis surrounded on periphery by
epithelioid cells and solitary Pirogov-Langhans cells; the regions of caseous
necrosis spread to the adjacent areas of the bone tissue destroying them. Make a
diagnosis of the disease.
-Tuberculous spondylitis
+ Tuberculous osteomyelitis
- Hip-joint disease
- Poncet's disease
- Traumatic spondylitis
?
A 4-year-old boy was hospitalized to a resuscitation department due to a
progressing drop of his blood pressure. Twenty-four hours after the moment of
admission to the hospital the boy died from an uncontrolled collapse. A
pathoanatomical examination revealed the following changes: macroscopically,
there were diffuse subcutaneous haemorrhages with foci of necrosis, bilateral
massive haemorrhages in the cortical layer of the both adrenal glands, ischaemia
of the cortical layer of the kidneys and hyperaemia of the malpighian pyramids in
the medullary layer. Histologically, a disseminated intravascular blood
coagulation, a necrosis of the epithelium in the renal tubules, alterative changes in
the liver, myocardium and brain were found. Diagnose the disease.
- Generalized viral infection
- Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
+ Meningococcaemia
- Fulminant sepsis
?
A 40-year-old male prisoner died at a corrective labour settlement from
tuberculosis. An autopsy revealed a deformity and a reduction of the apices of his
both lungs in size, numerous cavities with dense walls in the upper lobes of the
both lungs, disseminated foci (5 mm to 2 cm in diameter) of caseous necrosis in
the lower lobes of the lungs, a hypertrophy of the myocardium and a dilation of
the cavities of the right ventricle and atrium. Diagnose the form of tuberculosis..
+ Secondary fibrocavernous
- Secondary fibrofocal
- Haematogenous macrofocal with affection of lungs
- Primary with growth of primary affect
- Secondary cirrhotic
?
On autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who died from intoxication, the wall of the
ileum revealed some grouped and solitary follicles which rose above the level of
the mucous coat and whose surface had numerous grooves and convolutions.
Histologically, the follicles were characterized by a proliferation of monocytes,
histiocytes and reticular cells, as well as large macrophages with a light
cytoplasm, and these macrophages formed granulomata. The above picture is
typical for:
- Cholera
- Dysentery
+ Typhoid fever
- Yersiniosis
- Salmonellosis
?
A 10-year-old child developed a sharp pain on swallowing, an oedema of his
neck, the body temperature rose up to 39°C, against a background of the general
hyperaemia of the skin there rapidly appeared bright red microfocal eruptions all
over the body, excluding the region of the nasolabial triangle. The fauces and
tonsils were acutely plethoric (the "glowing fauces"), and he had a "strawberry
tongue". The tonsillar surface had solitary greyish foci of necroses. What disease
might it be?
- Measles
- Influenza
- Diphtheria
+ Scarlet fever
?
An autopsy of a 40-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis for 10 years, the
1st and 2nd segments of the right lung revealed some cavity with a dense wall.
The inner surface of the cavity was uneven, with beams which represented
obliterated
bronchi or thrombosed vessels. The middle and lower lobes were dense, on section
they had yellowish foci. What form of tuberculosis may be suspected in the
patient?
- Tuberculoma
- Acute cavernous
- Fibrofocal
+ Fibrocavernous
- Cirrhotic
?
An autopsy of a female, who died 4 days after a criminal abortion, revealed
jaundice, an expressed thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome, fibrinous-purulent
endometritis, necronephrosis in the kidneys, a septic hyperplasia of the spleen.
Name the clinical-morphological form of sepsis.
- Chronic septicaemia
- Bacterial shock
- Septicopyaemia
+ Septicaemia
- Septic endometritis
?
Colonoscopy in a male patient, who was ill with dysentery, revealed that the
mucous membrane of the large intestine was hyperaemic and oedematous, its
surface was covered with grey-green films. Name the morphological form of
dysenteric colitis.
- Catarrhal
- Ulcerous
- Purulent
- Necrotic
+ Fibrinous
?
Colonoscopy in a male patient on the 5lh day after the onset of diarrhoea revealed
in the inflamed mucous membrane of his rectum some grey-green membranous
superpositions tightly connected with the underlying tissues. What is the most
probable diagnosis?
- Typhoid fever
- Nonspecific ulcerous colitis
+ Dysentery
- Salmonellosis
- Crohn's disease
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who died one week after the beginning of a profuse
diarrhoea, revealed a sharply expressed ex'icosis, the tissues were dry, the blood
was thick. On bacteriological examination of the contents of the small intestine,
that resembled rice water, vibrios were found. What disease caused the patient's
death?
+ Cholera
- Dysentery
- Typhoid fever
- Salmonellosis
- Food intoxication
?
An autopsy of a 52-year-old male, who died from intoxication, revealed in his
lungs a primary tuberculous complex in the form of a focus of caseous
pneumonia, lymphangitis and caseous bronchoadenitis; the pia mater in the base
and on the lateral surfaces of the brain, the spleen, the kidneys and the liver
contained a large number of grey dense nodules 0.5-1 mm in diameter. On
histological examination, the nodules consisted of epithelioid, lymphoid and some
giant cells with nuclei located on the periphery of the cells in the form of a
horseshoe. Name the form of tuberculosis.
+ Miliary tuberculosis
- Caseous pneumonia
- Tuberculous bronchoadenitis
- Macrofocal acute miliary tuberculosis
- Primary pulmonary phthisis
?
An autopsy of a 1.5-year-old child, who died from acute renal failure, revealed
haemorrhagic eruptions on the skin, a moderate hyperaemia and an oedema of the
nasopharyngeal mucosa, microfocal haemorrhages in the mucous membranes and
internal organs, sharp dystrophic changes in the liver and myocardium, acute
necrotic nephrosis, massive haemorrhages in the adrenal glands. What disease is
the most typically characterized by the revealed changes?
- Septic scarlet fever
+ Meningococcaemia
- Toxic scarlet fever
- Toxic form of influenza
?
The disease in a child began with a high body temperature, a pain in the throat,
some swelling of the submandibular lymph nodes. On visual examination of the
fauces, its surface was oedematous and moderately hyperaemic, the tonsils were
enlarged and covered with white-greyish films which were tightly united with the
underlying tissues, any attempt to remove them caused formation of bleeding
defects. What disease are the revealed changes typical for?
- Catarrhal angina
- Scarlet fever
+ Diphtheria
- Meningococcal infection
- Measles
?
The disease in a 6-year-old girl began acutely with a pain in the throat, a high
body temperature, a bit later she developed a microfocal rash on the skin. A visual
examination of the oral cavity revealed a sharp faucial hyperaemia, a "strawberry
tongue", enlarged bright red tonsils with some greyish and yellowish dim foci
involving the peritonsillar tissues, and enlarged submandibular lymph nodes.
What disease are these changes typical for?
- Toxic scarlet fever
- Laryngeal diphtheria
+ Septic scarlet fever
?
The disease in a child began with acute rhinitis, tickling in the throat and malaise,
later accompanied by a high body temperature, a headache, nausea, vomiting. The
child was hospitalized at an infectious department, but 2 days later he died in spite
of the treatment. An autopsy revealed sharply thickened, yellowish-greenish, dim,
oedematous and plethoric pia mater, the brain was sharply oedematous with a
strangulation of its stem in the great foramen. What disease is characterized by the
above clinical-morphological data?
- Meningococcaemia
- Poliomyelitis
- Diphtheria
- Septic scarlet fever
+ Meningococcal meningitis
?
A 40-year-old male butcher died from sepsis. His right cheek had a dark red,
conical and dense infiltrate, 6 cm in diameter, with a black crust in its centre.. The
right halves of the face and neck were oedematous and dense. A microscopic
examination revealed an acute serous-haemorrhagic inflammation in the infiltrate,
the centre of the latter had necrosis of the epidermis and underlying tissues. What
diagnosis did a pathologist make?
+ Anthrax
- Plague
- Tularaemia
- Phlegmon of neck
- Furuncle
?
During an operation for elimination of phimosis, a round ulcer with a smooth
bottom and dense edges was found on the glans penis. On a microscopic
examination of the tissue taken from an edge of the ulcer a pathologist found a
polymorphous infiltrate consisting of disorderly located plasma and lymphoid
elements with some admixture of heterophilic leukocytes and epithelioid cells; the
infiltrate was located mostly around small vessels. The vessels were characterized
by phenomena of endangiitis. What disease are the described changes typical for?
+ Syphilis
- Brucellosis
- Poliomyelitis
- Rheumatism
?
The 8th segment of a surgically removed (owing to a suppurated cyst) lobe of the
lung revealed a focus, 1.8 cm in diameter, which had an irregularly rounded form
and was dense to touch. On section, the focus was white-yellow, dim and had
small areas of bone density. What is this macroscopic picture typical for?
- Peripheral carcinoma
- Chondroma
- Carnification
+ Healed tuberculous affect
- Chronic pneumonia
?
The mucous membrane of the right tonsil revealed a painless ulcer with a smooth
vanished bottom and even edges of the chondroid density. Microscopically, a
biopsy from the ulcer edge had a perivascular inflammatory infiltrate consisting
of lymphocytes, plasmacytes, some neutrophils and epithelioid cells. The vessels
were characterized by a proliferation of endotheliocytes up to the absolute closure
of the lumens. Name the disease.
- Ulceronecrotic angina
- Actinomycosis
+ Syphilis
- Candidiasis
?
In a male cattle-breeder, the disease began with appearance of some red spot on
the skin of his right arm; at first, a vesicle with some serous-haemorrhagic fluid
formed in the centre of the spot, but later the central part of the vesicle necrotized
and became black. The axillary lymph nodes were sharply enlarged and dark red
on section. Microscopically, a biopsy of the skin and lymph nodes had a picture
of acute serous-haemorrhagic inflammation. What disease was the most probable?
- Tularaemia
- Streptococcal pyoderma
- Plague
- Actinomycosis of skin
+ Anthrax
?
A geologist, who several months before had been on an expedition in the Central
Asia, had paroxysms of a fever, an icteric colouring of the skin, hypochromic
anaemia and loss of body mass during his life-time. On autopsy, a sharp
enlargement of the spleen and liver, as well as hyperplasia of the marrow were
found. Microscopically, there was haemomelanosis of the liver, spleen and
marrow. What disease are such changes typical for?
- Amoebiasis
- Chronic septicaemia
- Epidemic typhus
+ Malaria
- Relapsing fever
?
The disease in a male hunter began with an elevation of his body temperature up
to 37-38°C, increased reflex excitability, a disturbance of sleep and hydrophobia.
Later these signs were accompanied by spasms of the muscles of the larynx and
pharynx, as well as those of respiration. The patient's death was caused by arrest
of respiration. On autopsy, an oedema and plethora of the brain, as well as small
haemorrhages in the region of the myelencephalon were found. On histological
examination of the brain, its stem part, walls of the 3rd ventricle and hippocampus
revealed necrosis of the nerve cells which were surrounded (as well as small
vessels) by nodules consisting of clusters of microglial and lymphoid cells. The
cytoplasm of the nerve cells of the hippocampus contained some rounded
eosinophilic inclusions (Babes-Negri bodies). What disease is characterized by
the picture described?
- Epidemic typhus
+ Rabies
- Poliomyelitis
- Tick-borne encephalitis
- Typhoid fever
?
A 21-year-old male patient with faucial diphtheria died on the 5th day from acute
heart failure. On autopsy, the following changes were found: the both tonsils were
covered with massive grey films tightly united with the underlying tissues; the left
ventricular cavity was dilated, the myocardium was flaccid and motley all the way
long - small grey-yellow areas were alternated with microfocal reddish foci.
Microscopically, the myocardium had necroses of groups of cardiomyocytes
which were surrounded by polymorphocellular inflammatory infiltrates on the
periphery. What was the morphological substrate of acute heart failure?
- Diffuse isolated myocarditis
- Focal exudative myocarditis
- Diffuse exudative myocarditis
+ Alterative myocarditis
- Granulomatous myocarditis
?
An autopsy of a male revealed signs of septicopyaemia and polypous-ulcerous
endocarditis of the aortic valve. From the case history it is known that the septic
state had been lasting in the patient for 1.5-2 months. Name the most reliable
pathomorphological sign of polypous-ulcerous endocarditis.
- Defect of aortic valve
- Massive thrombotic superpositions on valvular cusps
+ Colonies of bacteria in thrombotic superpositions
- Deformities and ulcerations of valve
- Petrification of valvular cusps
?
An autopsy of a child, who suffered from purulent omphalitis during his lifetime,
revealed abscesses in the liver, an enlarged spleen with a thick scrape of the pulp,
purulent meningoencephalitis and ulcerous-purulent colitis. Name the disease.
+ Septicopyaemia
- Septicaemia
- Ulcerative colitis
- Dysentery
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from a rupture of an aneurysm in the ascending
aorta, some whitish nodules were found on the inner surface of the aneurysm. A
microscopic examination of the middle coat of the aorta revealed around the
microvessels some infiltrates, consisting of lymphocytes and plasmacytes, with an
admixture of Pirogov-Langhans giant multinucleate cells. What is your diagnosis?
+ Syphilitic mesaortitis
- Atherosclerosis
- Nonspecific aortitis
- Obliterating endarteritis
?
The disease in a 35-year-old male began acutely with diarrhoea and numerous
vomitings, his faeces were watery. Against a background of a sharply expressed
dehydration, he developed spasms followed by a comatose state, and the patient
died. On autopsy, an expressed cadaveric rigidity, a dry wrinkled skin of the
hands and blood thickening were found. The lumen of the small intestine was
sharply dilated and overfilled with some colourless fluid which resembled rice
water. The mucous coats of the stomach and intestine were oedematous, with a lot
of microfocal haemorrhages. Microscopically, serous-haemorrhagic
gastroenteritis was revealed. What is your diagnosis?
- Salmonellosis
- Yersiniosis
- Colibacillosis
+ Cholera
- Typhoid fever
?
The disease in a 29-year-old male hunter acutely began with an elevation of his
body temperature up to 38-40°C, chills, muscle pains, nasal bleeding. A papule up
to 1.5 cm in diameter appeared on his hand, the former rapidly turned into a
pustule and later into a very painful ulcer. Axillary lymphadenopathy developed.
On histological examination of a skin biopsy, the derma revealed granulomata
consisting of epithelioid, lymphoid, multinucleate giant cells and
polymorphonuclear leukocytes; the centres of the granulomata had necroses.
Granulomata of the same structure, foci of necrosis and suppuration were found in
the lymph nodes. What is your diagnosis?
- Brucellosis
- Plague
+ Tularaemia
- Actinomycosis
- Anthrax
?
A male worker of a farm acutely fell ill and died under increasing phenomena of
intoxication. On autopsy, an enlarged dark cherry flaccid spleen giving an
abundant scrape of pulp was found. The pia mater of the vault and base of the
skull were dark red, oedematous and impregnated with blood (a "cardinal's cap").
Microscopically, there was a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation of the pia mater
and brain tissue with destruction of the walls of small vessels. What is your
diagnosis?
- Tularaemia
+ Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Plague
?
For a long time a 45-year-old countrywoman complained of weakness, insomnia,
irritability, pains in her muscles and joints, an elevation of the body temperature
up to 37.1-37.3°C. Her death came under the phenomena of multiorgan
insufficiency. On autopsy, the organs revealed granulomata formed by epithelioid
cells, disorderly located Pirogov-Langhans giant cells and a small number of
plasma cells and eosinophils. The granulomata had a lot of vessels, there were no
foci of necrosis, and systemic productive-destructive vasculitis was revealed.
What is your diagnosis?
+ Brucellosis
- Tularaemia
- Plague
- Tuberculosis
- Anthrax
?
The disease in a 67-year-old woman acutely began with an expressed oedema and
tenderness of the skin and soft tissues of the neck. A phlegmon of neck and
mediastinitis were diagnosed. The patient died under the increasing phenomena of
intoxication. On autopsy, the left tonsil was slightly enlarged and dense; on
section, it was yellowish-greenish and had a lot of small cavities which imparted a
honeycomb structure to it. The soft tissues of the neck and the fat of the anterior
mediastinum had signs of purulent melting. Microscopically, the tissue had a lot
of small abscesses, their centres having intensive basophilic formations, which
consisted of short rod-like elements connected with their one end to the common
centre. What is your diagnosis?
- Amoebiasis
- Leishmaniasis
- Brucellosis
+ Actinomycosis
- Giardiasis
?
An autopsy of a 43-year-old male, who died at a surgical department from
generalized purulent peritonitis, revealed Peyer's patches in the distal part of the
small intestine; they protruded into the lumen, the surface of some of them was
covered with brownish-greenish structure-free masses, in the centre of some
patches with a clear bottom there were defects spreading to the serous layer. What
disease is characterized by the changes found in the small intestine?
+ Typhoid fever
- Dysentery
- Intestinal tuberculosis
- Crohn's disease
- Staphylococcal enteritis
?
A male patient, who came from the Central Asia, had persistent diarrhoeae, a loss
of body weight and signs of intoxication against whose background he died. An
autopsy revealed numerous hepatic abscesses, the caecum was characterized by
dingy green areas of necrosis of its mucous membrane, these areas slightly rose
above its surface and penetrated into the muscular layer. The ulcers resulting from
the necrosis were characterized by undermined edges which hung over their
bottom. The inflammatory reaction in the intestinal wall was poorly expressed.
What was the most probable disease in that case?
- Bacterial dysentery
- Cholera
- Typhoid fever
+ Amoebiasis
- Salmonellosis
?
A 48-year-old male died from progressing cardiopulmonary insufficiency. From
his case history it is known that before he had been ill with primary tuberculosis.
An autopsy revealed a pulmonary emphysema, reticular pneumosclerosis, white-
grey foci with corticopleural localization and a hypertrophy of the right ventricle
of the heart. The mesenterial lymph nodes had a picture of tuberculous
lymphadenitis. On microscopic examination, the pulmonary tissue was
characterized by prevalence of a productive tissue reaction with formation of
tuberculous granulomata. What form of pulmonary tuberculosis is such a picture
typical for?
- Acute focal
- Fibrofocal
- Infiltrative
+ Haematogenous-disseminated
- Miliary
?
Three days after a criminal abortion a female developed an elevation of her body
temperature up to 40°C, cloudiness of consciousness, petechial haemorrhages on
her skin. Two days later she died under increasing phenomena of intoxication. An
autopsy revealed jaundice, petechial haemorrhages in the serous and mucous
membranes, a sharp enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes. Microscopically,
the spleen and lymph nodes were characterized by a proliferation of the lymphoid
and reticular cells, as well as a large number of immature forms of haemopoiesis.
Besides, there were dystrophic changes and an interstitial inflammation in the
liver, kidneys, heart, as well as disseminated necrotic vasculititides. What was the
most probable form of sepsis?
- Septicopyaemia
- Chernogubov's disease
+ Septicaemia
- Chronic sepsis
- Fulminant sepsis
?
An 8-year-old girl, who was ill with diphtheria, died under the phenomena of
heart failure. On section, the myocardium was flaccid, the cavities of the heart
chambers were dilated. Microscopically, there were expressed dystrophic and
necrotic changes of the cardiomyocytes, a plethora of the vessels, lymphocytic
infiltrates in the stroma. What myocarditis resulted in the failure of heart activity?
- Diffuse isolated exudative
+ Alterative
- Focal isolated exudative
- Isolated productive
- Productive granulomatous
?
A boy, who was ill with chronic tuberculous bronchoadenitis with periods of
exacerbation and remission, developed oedema and deformity of the joints. The
skin tuberculin test was positive. A biopsy of the synovial membrane revealed an
oedema and a diffuse proliferation of the lymphocytes and macrophages. Name
the most probable diagnosis.
- Rheumatic arthritis
+ Poncet's disease
- Rheumatism
- Bekhterev's disease
- Nonspecific polyarthritis
?
On the 5 th day after the appearance of a fever a male patient developed
exanthemata on the skin and a sharp drop of the arterial pressure. During the 3rd
week of his disease he revealed bedsores and bulbar disorders in the form of
disturbances of swallowing and breathing. He died from heart failure. A
pathoanatomical examination revealed serous meningitis, destructive-proliferative
endothrombovasculitis, Popov's granulomata in the myelencephalon, isolated
myocarditis, necroses and haemorrhages in the adrenal glands. Name the most
probable disease.
- Scarlet fever
+ Epidemic typhus
- Measles
- Typhoid fever
- Influenza
?
An autopsy of an old male, who suffered from an intestinal dysfunction during the
previous two weeks, revealed changes in the rectum and sigmoid: their walls were
thickened, the lumen was narrowed, there was a brown-green film located on the
surface and between the folds and tightly connected with the underlying tissues.
Microscopically, there was necrosis of the mucous membrane involving it with a
different depth, the necrotic masses were pierced with threads of fibrin, there were
foci of haemorrhages and a leukocytic infiltration. Which of the diagnoses listed
below was the most probable?
+ Fibrinous dysenteric colitis
- Catarrhal dysenteric colitis
- Ulcerative dysenteric colitis
- Typhoid fever, the stage of necrosis
- Typhoid form of cholera
?
An autopsy of 2-month-old infant revealed papules and pustules on the skin,
white dense lungs (white pneumonia), a brown dense liver (a brimstone liver),
signs of osteochondritis. Indicate the most probable diagnosis.
+ Congenital syphilis
- Congenital toxoplasmosis
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
- Congenital herpetic infection
- Congenital mononucleosis
?
An autopsy of a 33-year-old male revealed a white focus of caseous necrosis, 1.5 x
2.5 cm in size, in the 2nd segment of the right lung, as well as enlarged
bifurcation lymph nodes. Microscopically, the above focus had a massive necrosis
surrounded by a bank of epithelioid cells with an admixture of lymphocytes and
Pirogov- Langhans giant cells. Name the form of tuberculosis.
- Caseous pneumonia
- Primary tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
+ Acute focal tuberculosis
?
An autopsy of an 8-year-old child, who suffered from deafness during his lifetime
and died of pneumonia, revealed signs of parenchymatous keratitis and twisted
teeth with formation of crescent grooves on the central incisors (Hutchinson's
triad). Microscopically, there was a chronic diffuse interstitial inflammation in the
liver, lungs and ovarian tissue, as well as Dubois's abscesses in the thymus.
- Congenital toxoplasmosis
+ Congenital syphilis
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
- Congenital herpetic infection
- Congenital mononucleosis
?
A male furrier, who dressed coypu skins (nutrias), died from respiratory
insufficiency. On autopsy, his lung had dense foci whose microscopic
examination revealed serous-haemorrhagic pneumonia, coagulation necroses,
granulomata consisting of epithelioid, lymphoid and giant cells, as well as foci of
suppuration. The enlarged regional lymph nodes had the same granulomata,
necroses and suppuration. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
+ Tularaemia
- Plague
- Tuberculosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Actinomycosis
?
A 32-year-old female died during a puerperal period. An autopsy revealed
purulent endometritis, purulent thrombophlebitis of the uterine veins, numerous
pulmonary abscesses, abscesses of the kidneys and spleen, apostematous
myocarditis and purulent meningitis. Make a diagnosis of the clinical-
morphological form of sepsis.
+ Septicopyaemia
- Septicaemia
- Chronic sepsis
- Fulminant sepsis
?
A female patient, who complained of sharp weakness, diarrhoea and vomiting,
died from uraemia. Microscopically, her gastric mucosa revealed an oedema of
the mucous membrane with microfocal haemorrhages, the small intestine had
signs of an acute serous inflammation with a vacuolized epithelium which lost
microvilli, some of them were characterized by necrosis and desquamation. What
was the most probable diagnosis?
- Typhoid fever
- Dysentery
- Choleraic enteritis
+ Choleraic gastroenteritis
- Choleraic algid
?
A microscopic examination of a small intestine in a 42-year-old female, who died
from typhoid fever, revealed enlarged grouped follicles with soft sequestra in their
centres and rejection of necrotic masses. Indicate the stage of the disease.
- Cerebriform swelling of grouped follicles
- Necrosis of grouped follicles
+ Formation of ulcers
- Clear ulcers
- Healing of ulcers
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who had had a fever with signs of intoxication
during his life-time, revealed an enlarged dense spleen (500 g); on section, its
pulp had numerous grey-white and white-yellow miliary necroses of follicles, and
there were infarct-like foci of necrosis under the capsule. A histological
examination revealed hyperplasia of the follicles with breakdown of leukocytes
and accumulation of neutrophils, and numerous thrombi in the vessels. Which of
the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Haematogenous general miliary tuberculosis
+ Relapsing fever
- Tularaemia
- Typhoid fever
- Plague
?
An autopsy of a 36-year-old male, who died from cardiopulmonary
insufficiency, revealed obliteration of the right pleural cavity, the tissue of the
right lung was dense, it had large encapsulated and calcified, foci in the 1st and 2"
segments (Aschoff-Pul foci), acinic and lobular foci of caseous pneumonia.
Which of the forms of tuberculosis was the most probable?
+ Fibrofocal
- Acute cavernous
- Fibrocavemous
- Acute focal
- Infiltrative
?
On autopsy of a 48-year-old male, who suffered from tuberculosis and died of
cardiopulmonary insufficiency, the corticopleural portions of the both lungs
revealed numerous foci of caseous necrosis up to 1 cm in diameter, tender
reticular pneumosclerosis and an emphysema, as well as hypertrophy of the right
cardiac ventricle ("pulmonary heart"); the bifurcation lymph nodes were
characterized by tuberculous caseous lymphadenitis. The 3rd segment of the right
lung had a Ghon's focus. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
- Haematogenous generalization of the primary tuberculosis
- Chronic primary tuberculosis
- Chronic miliary tuberculosis
+ Haematogenous acute miliary tuberculosis
- Cirrhotic tuberculosis
?
A female, who had a phlegmon of her thigh, died from intoxication. An autopsy
revealed jaundice, petechiae on the skin, haemorrhages in the serosae, mucosae
and internals. Microscopically, the spleen and lymph nodes had a proliferation of
the lymphoid and reticular cells with accumulation of immature cells of
haemopoiesis
in the marrow. The parenchymatous organs were characterized by a diffuse
interstitial inflammation, manifestations of cloudy swelling and fatty
degeneration.-Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
+ Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
- Chronic sepsis
- Plague
- AIDS
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who died from cardiopulmonary insufficiency,
revealed a healed primary tuberculous focus in the 3rd segment of the right lung.
The kidneys, liver, spleen and pia mater had numerous miliary tubercles.
Microscopically, the tubercles were represented with caseous necroses surrounded
by epithelioid, lymphoid and solitary Pirogov-Langhans giant multinucleate cells.
Name the variety of haematogenous tuberculosis.
- The most acute (necrotic) tuberculous sepsis
+ Acute general miliary
- Acute general macro focal
- Haematogenous acute miliary
?
An autopsy and subsequent microscopic examination of the organs of a 50-year-
old male, who suffered from feverish paroxysms, hypochromic anaemia and
jaundice during his life-time, revealed that the liver and spleen were dark grey and
significantly enlarged, the marrow was dark grey and characterized by
hyperplasia. The cortex and other areas in the grey matter of the brain were dark
grey, the white matter had numerous microfocal peri vascular haemorrhages, the
vessels contained agglutinated erythrocytes with some parasites in the cytoplasm.
In some places the vessels were surrounded by foci of necrosis with formation of
Durk's granulomata. The kidneys had signs of glomerulonephritis. What was the
most probable diagnosis?
- Epidemic typhus
- Relapsing fever
- Vivax malaria
- Malariae malaria
+ Falciparum malaria
?
An autopsy of a male, who suffered from typhoid fever and died during the 5th
day of the disease, revealed the following changes: the grouped follicles of the
ileum were enlarged, plethoric and rose above the surface of the mucous
membrane, their surface had grooves and convolutions. Histologically, there was
a plethora and oedema of the follicular tissue, as well as presence of large cells
with a light cytoplasm and typhoid bacilli. What period of typhoid fever might it
be?
+ Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Healing of ulcers
- Clear ulcers
?
An autopsy of a 47-year-old cachectic male, who suffered from a progressing
form of secondary tuberculosis during his life-time, revealed some large yellow-
white petrified and encapsulated foci in the Is' and 2nd segments of the right lung.
The lower lobe of the right lung was enlarged and dense, yellow on section and
had fibrinous superpositions on the pleura. Microscopically, this area was
characterized by prevalence of necrotic changes over perifocal exudative ones.
Name the form of secondary tuberculosis.
+ Caseous pneumonia
- Fibrocavemous tuberculosis
?
During his life-time, a 40-year-old male had a high body temperature, jaundice,
clouded consciousness, bacteraemia. On autopsy, his sclerae and skin were
yellow, there were numerous haemorrhages in the serous and mucous membranes,
as well as enlarged lymph nodes and spleen. Microscopically, the spleen and
lymph nodes had a proliferation of the reticular cells. The heart, liver and kidneys
were characterized by an interstitial inflammation, a parenchymatous cloudy
swelling; the vascular walls had vasculititides and a fibrinoid swelling. Which of
the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
+ Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
- Acute lymphocytic leukaemia
- Acute stem cell leukaemia
- Chronic sepsis
?
An autopsy of a male juvenile, who died from peritonitis, occasionally revealed
that the 3rd segment of the right lung contained a focus of caseous necrosis
surrounded by an area of a perifocal inflammation. There was a serous-fibrinous
inflammation in the pleura and caseous bronchoadenitis in the bifurcation lymph
nodes. A microscopic examination revealed epithelioid-cellular and giant-cell
tubercles on the periphery of the above focus, in the pleura, lymph vessels and
bifurcation lymph nodes. Indicate the form of primary tuberculosis.
- Healed primary tuberculosis
+ Primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Haematogenous progressing of primary tuberculosis
- Growth of primary affect
- Lymphogenous form of progressing of primary tuberculosis
?
An autopsy of a 40-year-old male, who worked as a sheep-breeder and died from a
severe intoxication, revealed on the skin some papulopustular haemorrhagic rash
with necroses and ulcerations, as well as enlarged immovable dark red lymph
nodes in the inguinal region which were united with one another and had a
doughy consistency. The spleen was enlarged, flaccid and had an abundant
scrape. Microscopically, the lungs revealed a focal serous-haemorrhagic
inflammation with necroses; the heart, liver and kidneys were characterized by
dystrophic and necrotic changes; the lymph nodes had haemorrhagic-necrotic
lymphadenitis with some purulent melting. Make a diagnosis.
- Bubocutaneous form of plague
+ Bubonic plague
- Primary pneumonic plague
- Septicaemic plague
- Septicaemia
?
A 33-year-old male with a protracted feverish state and a cutaneoconjunctival
rash died under the phenomena of increasing bulbar disorders. Histologically, the
capillaries and arteioles of his brain revealed vasculititides: an oedema,
destruction and desquamation of the epithelium with formation of thrombi and a
proliferation of the endothelium, adventitial and periadventitial cells, with an
admixture of lymphocytes and neutrophils (Popov's nodules); the vascular walls
were characterized by a focal fibrinoid necrosis. Which of the diagnoses was the
most probable?
- Rabies
- Influenza
- Tick-borne encephalitis
+ Epidemic typhus
- Malaria
?
A professional male hunter developed an acute elevation of body temperature and
enlarged united lymph nodes in his left axilla. A microscopic examination of the
lymph nodes revealed granulomata consisting of epithelioid, lymphoid, giant cells
and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as well as foci of necrosis and purulent
inflammation. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Brucellosis
- Plague
- Tuberculosis
- Anthrax
+ Tularaemia
?
On autopsy, the 3rd segment of the right lung under the pleura had some whitish
focus of a bone density, 0.8 cm in diameter. The regional lymph nodes were dense
and had whitish foci on section. A microscopic examination of the pulmonary
tissue in the above region revealed calcified caseous masses surrounded by a
rough fibrous connective tissue with formation of bone beams with a fatty marrow
in the inner layer; the lymph nodes were characterized by fibrosis with
petrification. Name the form of tuberculosis.
- Cirrhotic
- Fibrofocal
- Progressing primary
- Acute focal
+ Healed primary
?
A 15-year-old female patient died at an infectious hospital on the 3rd day of some
disease from intoxication. On autopsy, a punctate rash on the skin, excluding the
region of the nasolabial triangle, was found. The fauces, tonsils and tongue were
brightly hyperaemic (the "glowing fauces", a "strawberry tongue").
Microscopically, the internal organs revealed prevalence of dystrophic changes
and a sharp disturbance of circulation. Which of the diagnoses was the most
probable?
+ Toxic form of scarlet fever
- Septic form of scarlet fever
- Allergic period of scarlet fever
- Diphtheria of respiratory tract
- Measles
?
A microscopic examination of a biopsy taken from a large intestine revealed
necrosis of the mucous coat involving it with a different depth, the necrotic
masses were pierced with threads of fibrin. The mucous membrane around the
necrotic foci was oedematous, infiltrated by leukocytes and had focal
haemorrhages. The submucosal (Meissner's) and myenteric (Auerbach's) plexuses
had dystrophic and necrotic changes.. Which of the kinds of colitis was the most
probable?
- Catarrhal
+ Diphtheritic
- Ulcerous
- Haemorrhagic
- Gangrenous
?
A 50-year-old male, who had dysentery, died on the 8lh day of the disease from
intoxication. An autopsy reveaied thickened walls of the sigmoid and initial
portions of the rectum, the mucous membrane was covered with a fibrinous film
which was tightly connected with the underlying tissues. Histologically, the
intestinal wall had a deep necrosis of the mucous membrane and the necrotic
masses were impregnated with fibrin. What kind of colitis did the patient have?
- Catarrhal
- Postdysenteric
- Ulcerous
+ Diphtheritic
- Gangrenous
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from typhoid fever, the whole length of the ileum
revealed ulcers with a smooth bottom represented by a muscular layer or the serous
membrane of the intestine, as well as ulcers with through defects. At what stage of
typhoid fever is it observed?
+ Clear ulcers
- Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Dirty ulcers
- Healing of ulcers
?
A disease in an 8-year-old boy began acutely with a catarrh of the upper
respiratory tract and conjunctivitis, on the 3rd day of the disease he developed
some macrofocal papular eruption behind the ears, and later on the face, neck and
trunk. The patient died on the 10th day under the phenomena of severe respiratory
insufficiency. An autopsy revealed lobular pneumonia with foci of suppuration.
Microscopically, he had purulonecrotic panbronchitis and bronchiolitis,
peribronchial interstitial pneumonia with a focal infiltration of the interstice by
lymphoid, plasma cells, macrophages and giant multinucleate cells. Which of the
diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Influenza
- Scarlet fever
+ Measles
?
A male juvenile, who underwent antituberculous treatment, fell ill with measles.
He developed an elevated body temperature, dyspnoea, a cough with a discharge
of sputum, a headache, sometimes with a loss of consciousness. His death resulted
from intoxication. On autopsy, the right lung had a subpleural focus of caseous
necrosis, 6 cm in diameter, as well as enlarged and dense grey-yellow bifurcation
lymph nodes. The pia mater, lungs, kidneys and spleen had numerous miliary
tubercles. Indicate the form of progressing of primary tuberculosis.
- Growth of primary affect
- Lymphogenous (lymphoglandular)
+ Haematogenous (miliary)
- Haematogenous (macrofocal)
- Mixed
?
An autopsy of a 39-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis during his life-
time, revealed in the upper lobe of the right lung some cavity, 2.0 x 3.0 cm in size,
which communicated with the lumen of the segmental bronchus. The wall of the
cavity was heterogeneous: its inner layer consisted of caseous masses, the outer
one of a condensed pulmonary tissue. Microscopically, the cavity wall had
tuberculous granulomata. Which of the forms of tuberculosis listed below was the
most probable?
+ Acute cavernous tuberculosis
- Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
?
A male patient, who was ill with encephalitis, developed excitement and death
from a brain oedema. An autopsy revealed numerous diapedesis haemorrhages in
the myelencephalon. Microscopically, there was chromatolysis and necrosis of
neurons with formation of nodules of lymphoid and microglial cells around the
neurons. The hippocampal neurons contained Babes-Negri bodies. Which of the
encephalititides listed below was the most probable?
- Tick-borne
- Meningococcal
- Influenzal
+ Encephalitis in rabies
- Morbillous
?
A 45-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of typhoid fever died from
peritonitis. On autopsy, the whole length of the small intestine revealed ulcers
with even rounded edges and a smooth bottom represented by a circular muscular
layer or the serous membrane. Name the stage of typhoid fever.
- Necrosis of Peyer's patches
- Formation of dirty ulcers
+ Formation of clear ulcers
- Healing of ulcers
?
At the height of an epidemic of influenza, visual examination of the upper
respiratory tract in a female patient revealed catarrhal laryngotracheitis.
Microscopically, a biopsy from the larynx had a hyperaemic oedematous mucous
membrane with a diffuse lymphohistiocytic infiltration, desquamation of the
epithelium and small superficial foci of necrosis. Name the form of influenza
+ Mild form
- Influenza of moderate severity
- Severe form
- Toxic form
- Influenza with pneumonic complications
?
On autopsy of a 65-year-old male, who for many years was ill with a rheumatic
heart defect and died from cardiovascular insufficiency, it was found that the
weight of the heart was 900 g, the patient had hypertrophy of the left ventricle of
the heart, polypous-ulcerous endocarditis of the aortic and mitral valves with their
petrification and deformation, hyperplasia of the spleen, "old" renal and
pulmonary infarcts. A microscopic examination revealed diffuse vasculititides,
proliferative isolated myocarditis, nephritis, hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, the
thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
+ Secondary bacterial endocarditis
- Fibroplastic endocarditis
- Acute verrucous endocarditis
- Aortomitral heart defect
?
An autopsy of a male revealed that the right upper extremity was oedematous, the
skin in the middle third part of the arm was dark red, dense and diffusely
impregnated with blood, in the centre there was a vesicle with some serous-
haemorrhagic exudate (a "phlyctena"). The regional lymph nodes were enlarged,
united with one another and immobile. Microscopically, the lymph nodes were
characterized by a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation, a large number of
microbes, a proliferation of the reticular cells, foci of necrosis. There were
dystrophic processes in the parenchymatous organs, the spleen was enlarged and
flaccid. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Bubonic plague
+ Bubocutaneous plague
- I'riniiiry pneumonic plague
- Septicacmic plague
- Secondary bubonic pneumonia
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from an intestinal bleeding, the ileum revealed
necrosis of grouped and solitary follicles with imbibition of necrotic tissues with
bile an blood; the lower portion of the intestine had phenomena of sequestration
with rejection of the necrotic masses and formation of defects. Name the stage of
typhoid fever.
- Healing of ulcers
- Necrosis
- Clear ulcers
+ Dirty ulcers
?
Microscopically, a biopsy from the rectum of a patient with dysentery revealed
hyperaemia and oedema of the mucous membrane, microfocal haemorrhages, foci
of superficial necrosis and leukocytic infiltrates in the stroma. Name the variety of
dysenteric colitis.
- Healing of ulcers
- Fibrinous colitis
- Follicular colitis
+ Catarrhal colitis
?
A 24-year-old female, who 2 months before had had diphtheria and suffered from
paralysis of the soft palate, suddenly died from heart failure. On autopsy, an
eccentric hypertrophy of the heart and a dim flaccid myocardium were found. A
microscopic examination of the glossopharyngeal, phrenic nerves and vagus
revealed a lumpy breakdown of the myelin and a plethora of the epineural vessels.
The 3rd cervical sympathetic ganglion and the nodose one of the vagus were
characterized by an impaired circulation and phenomena of cytolysis. Which of
the diagnoses was the most probable?
- Alterative myocarditis
+ Late paralysis of heart
- Isolated myocarditis
- Toxic myocarditis
- Exudative myocarditis
?
A male patient was at an infectious hospital with profuse diarrhoea, signs of
exicosis, a fall of the body temperature. He died from uraemia. On autopsy, the
small intestine contained some colourless fluid resembling rice-water, its mucous
membrane was oedematous. Microscopically, a plethora of the vessels, focal
haemorrhages, a desquamation of the enterocytes, a hypersecretion of the goblet
cells and a lympholeukocytic infiltration of the mucosa were found. Which of the
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
- Choleraic algid
+ Choleraic enteritis
- Choleraic gastroenteritis
?
Against a background of a satisfactory general state and a subfebrile body
temperature, a visual examination of a 6-year-old child revealed eruptions on the
face, head and trunk in the form of red spots and vesicles having transparent
contents, some vesicles were covered with crusts. From the side of the fauces and
upper respiratory tract, expressed catarrhal changes were determined.
Microscopically, the areas of the eruptions were characterized by a plethora of the
vessels, a balloon dystrophy and giant multinucleate cells in the spinous layer of
the epidermis. The oral mucosa had small erosions, plethoric vessels and
perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. Which of the diagnoses was the most
probable?
- Measles
+ Varicella
- Smallpox
- Rubella
- Scarlet fever
?
A male cattle-farm worker developed a dark red spot on the skin of his thigh; in the
centre of the spot there was formation of a vesicle filled with some serous-
haemorrhagic fluid, a bit later the centre necrotized and became dark. The
inguinal lymph nodes were enlarged, dense and dark red on section. Under the
phenomena of severe intoxication the patient died. A microscopic examination of
the skin vesicles and lymph nodes revealed a diffuse haemorrhagic infiltration and
a sharp oedema of the surrounding tissues. Which of the forms of anthrax was the
most probable?
- Enteric
- Septicaemic
+ Cutaneous
- Primary pneumonic
- Mixed
?
An autopsy of a 30-year-old male, who was ill with an acute respiratory disease
and died under the phenomena of acute cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed a
fibrinous-haemorrhagic inflammation in the mucous membrane of the larynx and
trachea, destructive panbronchitis and enlarged lungs which were motley because
of abscesses, haemorrhages and necroses. Which of the diagnoses was the most
probable?
+ Influenza
- Parainfluenza
- Respiratory syncytial infection
- Measles
?
An autopsy of a male, who had a prolonged suppuration of the wound following
an injury of his extremity and died under the phenomena of intoxication, revealed
cachexia, dehydration, a brown atrophy of the liver, myocardium, spleen and
striated muscles, as well as renal amyloidosis. Which of the diagnoses was the
most probable?
- Brucellosis
- Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
+ Chronic sepsis
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis and died from
cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed in the upper lobe of the right lung some
cavity, 3x2 cm in size, with a dense wall and uneven inner surface crossed by
obliterated bronchi. Microscopically, the wall of the cavity had three layers:
internal - pyogenic, middle - a layer of the tuberculous granulation tissue, outer -
connective-tissue. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
?
A male cattle-farm worker acutely fell ill and died under the phenomena of
intoxication. An autopsy revealed an enlarged flaccid spleen, which was dark
cherry on section and gave an abundant scrape. The pia mater of the vault and
base of the skull were dark red and oedematous (a "cardinal's cap").
Microscopically, there was a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation of the meninges
and cerebral tissues with destruction of the walls of small vessels. What was the
most probable diagnosis?
- Tularaemia
+ Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Plague
?
An autopsy of a male, who was ill with primary tuberculosis and died after severe
influenza under the phenomena of cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed in the
2"d segment of the right lung a subpleural focus of caseous pneumonia which
involved the whole segment. Microscopically, there was caseous necrosis of the
pulmonary tissue with foci of melting of the caseous masses, this necrosis was
surrounded by a region of a perifocal exudative inflammation; the peribronchial
lymph nodes were characterized by caseous lymphadenitis with melting of the
caseous masses and formation of fistulae. Which of the forms of progressing of
primary tuberculosis was the most probable?
- Lymphogenous
- Haematogenous
- Growth of primary tuberculous affect
+ Mixed progressing
- Chronic course of primary tuberculosis
?
An autopsy of a 55-year-old male, who worked at a meat-packing plant, acutely
fell ill and died from sepsis, revealed some serous-haemorrhagic fluid in the
abdominal cavity, the lower portion of the ileum had large areas of a
haemorrhagic infiltration and ulcers against a background of a serous-
haemorrhagic inflammation, the mesenteric lymph nodes and their surrounding fat
were characterized by a serous- haemorrhagic inflammation. The spleen was
enlarged and flaccid, on section it was dark cherry and had an abundant scrape of
the pulp. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Anthrax
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
- Dysentery
- Plague
?
The body of a 39-year-old male with reduced nourishment was received for
autopsy. From the case history it was known that some 5 years before he had
undergone several surgical interventions after a car accident. During the past two
years he significantly lost flesh, developed a generalized lymphadenopathy, a
fever of an unknown genesis and diarrhea. Within the past half a year he suffered
several times from pneumoniae. Macro- and microscopic examinations revealed
double polysegmental pneumonia. A liiuleriologieiil study of the material from
the lungs found pneumolysis. Which of the diseases was the most probable in the
dead person?
+ HIV infection
- Typhoid lever
- Chronic dysentery
- Chronic sepsis
- Tuberculous colitis
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from an acute intestinal upset and dehydration,
the small intestinal loops were stretched and their lumen contained much
colourless fluid with a rice-water appearance and without any odor.
Microscopically, the small intestine was characterized by a sharp plethora of the
vessels, an edema of the mucous membrane, necrosis and desquamation of the
epithelial cells. A bacteriological study of smears from the mucous membrane of
the small intestine revealed some microorganisms in the form offish shoals".
Which of the diagnoses corresponds to the above clinical and morphological
changes?
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
+ Cholera
- Dysentery
- Amoebiasis
?
An autopsy of a male, who was ill with tuberculosis for more than 20 years,
revealed that his lungs were deformed and the pleura had some focal thickening.
On section of the lungs, mostly in their upper lobes, each of them had several
cavities with a necrotic detritus and a trabecular appearance of their inner surface.
Microscopically, the walls of the cavities were represented by a necrotic layer
followed by those of the granulation and connective tissues. Which of the
diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Fibrocavemous tuberculosis
?
A room for dissections received the body of a male with reduced nourishment,
who was ill with pulmonary tuberculosis and died from cardiopulmonary
insufficiency. On autopsy, the lungs were enlarged, dense, with a thickened pleura
and fibrinous-
purulent superpositions on it. On section, the lungs contained grey-yellow
polysegmental foci which were confluent in the upper lobes and actually occupied
the whole lobe. A microscopic examination revealed prevalence of necrotic
changes over the perifocal ones. The first segment of the right lung had a Ghon's
focus. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Caseous pneumonia
- Tuberculomata
?
On autopsy of a 16-year-old male juvenile with reduced nourishment, who was ill
with primary pulmonary tuberculosis and died from an accompanying pneumonia,
it was found that the 2th segment of the right lung had a Ghon's focus, the
peribronchial and bifurcation lymph nodes were enlarged, united in packs, grey-
yellow, dense in consistency and crumbled. Microscopically, the 3rd segment of
the right lung contained a primary affect surrounded by fibrosed tuberculous
granulomata and a connective-tissue capsule; the lymph nodes were characterized
by caseous necrosis. Which of the forms of tuberculosis was the most probable?
+ Lymphogenous progressing of tuberculosis
- Chronic course of primary tuberculosis
- Haematogenous acute miliary tuberculosis
- Acute focal pulmonary tuberculosis
- Caseous pneumonia
?
On the section of corpse is discovered a cereous necrosis of rectus. In the terminal
portion of small intestine are found out ulcers of 3-5 cm in the diameter. The
walls of ulcers are covered with brittle grey-yellow masses. The edges of ulcers
moderately go up the surface of mucous membrane. Vidal’s reaction is positive.
+ Typhoid fever with abenteric complications
- Typhoid fever with enteric complications
- Crohn's disease
- Dysentery
?
At the forensic medical dissection of the man’s cadaver, who has died in the train,
is discovered full-blown cadaveric rigidity (“gladiator‘s pose”). The skin, mucous
and serous membranes, muscles are dry. Between the loops of small intestine is
defined a clammy transparent mucus. In the lumen of small intestine there is a
large quantity of colourless fluid alike rice water, which is taken on the
bacteriological research. What previous diagnosis is the most probable?
+ Cholera
- Dysentery
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
- Yersiniosis
?
On the section of corpse is discovered a cereous necrosis of rectus. In the terminal
portion of small intestine are found out ulcers of 3-5 cm in the diameter. The
walls of ulcers are covered with brittle grey-yellow masses. The edges of ulcers
moderately go up the surface of mucous membrane. Vidal’s reaction is positive.
+ Typhoid fever with abenteric complications
- Typhoid fever with enteric complications
- Crohn's disease
- Dysentery
?
A child of 12 years old has abruptly fallen ill with the rise of the temperature to
38°C, headache, congested pipes, then a rough cough appeared, on the third day
on the skin of the face, neck and upper part of the trunk, – abundant maculosus
papula eruption, which does not itch. The mucous tunic of the mouth is
hyperemic, with a fine white enanthema on the cheeks near the lower permanent
teeth. What is the most provisional diagnosis?
+ rubeola
– Scarlatina
– German measles
– Allergic dermatitis
– Dysentery
?
The patient of 20 years old died of intoxication in 8 days after the artificial
extramural abortion at the term of pregnancy of 14–15 weeks. At the postmortem
dissection has been defined a yellowish tinction of sclera, skin, pyogenic-necrotic
endometritis, numerous abscesses in lungs, hyperplasia of spleen with a great
number of neutrophiles in its sinuses. Which sequela of abortion has developed?
+ Septicopyemia
– Septicemia
– Haemorrhagic shock
– Chronic sepsic
– Viral hepatitis A
?
A young man died of increasing cardiac insufficiency. At the pathomorphological
research is discovered: immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis, the spleen
weighing 500g, the ulcers of semilunar valves of aorta, which are covered with
polypoid thrombi with the colonies of bacteria. Indicate the most firm diagnosis.
+ Septic bacterial endocarditis
– Septicemia
– Rheumatic thromboendocarditis
– Acute rheumatic valvulitis
– Septicopyemia
?
A patient had a profuse diarrhea, vomiting during two days; the death came of
acute dehydration. At the postmortem dissection the wall of the bowel is edematic,
hyperemic with the plural hemorrhages in the mucus membrane. There is a
whitish liquid in the lumen of the bowel; it reminds rice water. Indicate the
disease, what has developed.
+ Cholera
– Dysentery
– Salmonellosis
– Abdominal typhoid
– Enterocolitis
?
A patient died of respiratory distress. He fell ill 4 days ago, the body temperature-
40°Ñ, coryza changed into the fits of unproductive coughing, chest pain; dyspnea
progressed during 2 days. He was brought to the treatment station by ambulance
service, without consciousness, with respiratory distress, cardiovascular
insufficiency, the body temperature-39°Ñ, hypoxia of CNS. In spite of qualified
medical aid, a patient died in twenty-four hours after the hospitalization. At the
necropsy: the lungs are large, bright gray-red foci of pneumonia change into dark-
red areas of plethora, and also separate areas of lungs with plural petite
hemorrhages, do not deflate on the discission, in the bronchi of different calibers
– panbronchitis with the areas of inflammatory infiltration, lysis and necrosis.
Name the most firm diagnosis.
+ Influenza virus pneumonia
– Aggravation of chronic bronchitis
– Myocardial infarction
– Typhus fever
– Salmonellosis
?
A man with a wound of his limb that nad been suppurating for a long time died
from intioxication. Autopsy revealed extreme emaciation, dehydration, brown
atrophy of liver, myocardium, spleen and cross-striated muscles as well as renal
amyloidosis. What diagnosis corresponds with the described picture?
– Brucellosis
– Chernogubov's syndrome
– Septicemia
– Septicopyemia
+ Chroniosepsis
?
Histological examination of a skin tissue sampling revealed granulomas
consisting of macrophagal nodules with lymphocytes and plasmatic cells. There
òàãå also some big macrophages with fatty vacuoles containing causative agents
of a disease packed up in form of spheres (Virchow's cells). Granulation tissue is
well vascularized. What disease is this granuloma typical for?
– Syphilis
– Rhinoscleroma
+ Lepra
– Glanders
–Tuberculosis
?
Skin of a man who died from cardiac insufficiency has an eruption in form of
spots and specks. There are also bedsores in the area of sacrum and spinous
vertebral processes. Microscopical examination of CNS, skin, adrenal glands
revealed in the vessels of microcirculatory bed and in small arteries destructive
-proliferative endothrombovasculitis with Popov's granulomas; interstitial
myocarditis. What diagnosis corresponds with the described picture?
+ Spotted fever
– Nodular periarteritis
– Enteric fever
– Q fever
– HIV
?
A 20 year old patient died from intoxication 8 days after artificial illegal abortion
performed in her 14-15th week of pregnancy. Autopsy of the corpse revealed
yellowish colour of eye sclera and of skin, necrotic suppurative endometritis,
multiple pulmonary abscesses, spleen hyperplasia with a big number of
neutrophils in its sinuses. What complication after abortion was developed?
– Hemorrhagic shock
– Septicemia
+ Septicopyemia
– Viral hepatitis type A
– Chroniosepsis
In a patient with anaemia tests showed the prsence of erythroblasts,
normoblasts and megaloblasts. The same crates were found in red bone
marrow . For what kind of anaemia characteristic is such picture of
blood?
-post haemarrhogic anemia
- hemolytic
- aplastic
+b-12 and folic acid deficiency
- ferrum deficit
?
A man with 38 years, with jaundice and leather(skin) has marked
anemia, spleenomegaly, hyperbilirubinuria( bilirubin indirect),
urobilinuria, hyperchloritic excrements. Which of the following listed
conditions are most typical for
+ epihepatic jaundice
- gilber’s syndrome
- hepatic insufficiency syndrome
- cellular –liver jaundice
- subhepatic jaundice
?
On opening of the patient suffering often with haemorrhoids by
bleedings died from sharp heart attack of myocardium. At biopsy it was
found out that diaphysis of the femur bone was juicy red colour. What
process was developed in bone marrow?
- vicar hypertrophy
+ compensatory hyperplasia
- hypertrophic growth
- Work hypertrophy
- hormonal hyperplasia
?
A young man had increased jugular lymphatic units. At biopsy of lymph
it was found out centers of proliferation with fabric texture , presence
of huge crates of Berezovsky-sternberg and eosinophils, centers of
necrosis and fibrosis were revealed. What disease will be most
authentically diagnosed at the patient?
- lymphosarcoma
- chronic lympholeukosis
- histiocytosis
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- myeloma illness
?
A patient 10 years old complains of general(common) weakness,
decrease in growth, occurrence of trophic ulcers on shin, pain in bones
and joints. At survey of the patient delay of physical development,
pallor of skin covers was marked. Analysis of blood was established:
Hb=80 g/l, we can see falciform erythrocytes. What most
possible(probable) pathology causes such picture?
- Malignant pernicious anemia
+ haemoglobinopathia: falciform cell anemia
- Sharp leucosis
- Toxic anemia
- Rheumatism
?
At biopsy of lymph we found out that patient had
"lymphogranulomatosis" . On the basis of what presence of attributes
the diagnosis was put?
+ Crates berzovsky-sternberg
- Crates virrhova
- Crates tuton
- Crates mikulich
- Crates pirogov-langahn
?
On opening of the died patient was found increased, attached among
themselves, dense, with the white - yellow centers of necrosis lymphatic
units of different localization (cervical,axillaryand mediastinal). spleen
has "porhyrin" . At microscopic research of lymphatic units and spleen
was revealed proliferation of polymorphic crates with atypism , among
which the multinuclear huge crates of berezovsky sternberg. What
disease was diagnosed?
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- lymphosarcoma
- fungal mycosis
- reticulosarcoma
?
At thoracotomy of patient with 55 years in anterior mediastinum the
lymphatic nodes is found, from which is taken biopsy. Microscopic
infiltrates were revealed, which consist of
lymphocytes,histiocytes,eosinophils and multinuclear crates of
berezovsky sternberg, and circumfernence by a plenty of fibrous
connecting fabric. What from the listed diseases most probably answers
this data?
+ lymphogranulomatosis with nodules by sclerosis
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence of lymphatic tissue of a fabric
- lymphogranulomatosis with an oppression lymphatic tissue of a fabric
- Mixed – cellular variant lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphosarcoma
?
On opening of a dead body the systematic increase of lymphatic units
with tumours of conglomerates were found. Spleen was increased, on
a cut(section) motley: on a red background pulp multiple fine centers
of yellow-white and grayish colour were found. The most probable
diagnosis?
- lymphosarcoma
- lympholeucosis
- Crawfish
- sarcoidosis
?
At time of histologic research lymphatic units with diffused growth,
lymphoids of crates with an impurity eosinophils and atypical
histiocytes, there are huge crates with two and more nucleii, centers of
necrosis and sclerosis. The most probable diagnosis:
-berkits lymphoma
- lympholeucosis
- sarcoidosis
+lymphogranulomatosis
- myeloleucosis
?
In inguinal lymphatic units microscopic structures of unit were
erased, diffusive growth of lymphoids crates, eosinophils, huge crates
with two nucleii, centers of necrosis and sclerosis. What variant of
lymphogranulomatosis is most probable?
- With prevalence of lymphoids of fabric
- With an oppression of lymphoids of fabric
+ mixed cells
- nodular sclerosis
?
At opening of the died patient was revealed hyperplasia of bone
marrow of flat and tubular bones , spleenomegaly (6 kg), hepatomegaly
(5 kg). To what disease corresponds(meet) these changes can be
revealed?
- sharp leucosis
- True polycythemia
+ Chronic myeloleucosis
- myeloma illness
?
The woman 64 years had pathological crisis in the shoulder bone.
Result of biopsy was: аtypical lymphatic crates. Roentenological
examination revealed tumour cells . Possible(probable) disease:
+ myeloma illness
- fibrotic dysplasia of a bone
- Chronic osteomyelitis
- chondrosarcoma
- Мetastasis of adenocarcinoma
?
To the patient with skin lymphoma was carried out(spent) biopsy and
found out leather(skin). On histological preparation under epidermis
was seen the plenty of transformations :
- melanocytes
- fibroblasts
+ Т-helper cells
- keratinocytes
- Crates of Langerhann’s
?
At tomography of the patient in mediastinum were found increased
lymphatic units. At histological research in lymph nodes circular
growths connective tissue of fabric were revealed which surrounds
granulomatous conformation with lymphocytes , plasmocytes and
large berzovsky-sternberg crates . Your diagnosis?
- sarcoidosis
- lymphosarcoma
- Tuberculosis
- lympholeucosis
?
On opening of the died patient were found out increased, attachment
among themselves, dense, with the white - yellow centers of necrosis
lymphatic units of different localization [cervical , axillary and
mediastinal]. spleen has "porphyrin" kind. At microscopic research
lymphatic units and in spleen was revealed proliferation of
polymorphic crates with presence of atypical crates, among which the
multinuclear huge crates are marked
Rid-berezovsko-sternberg. What disease was diagnosed?
- reticulosarcoma
- chronic lympholeucosis
-lymphosarcoma
- fungal mycosis
?
At the man of 30 years, which was sick has В12 (folic acid) anemia,
were revealed fundal аtrophies (autoimmune )gastritis . Choose the
most essential diagnostic criterion of the given type of gastritis .
+ Presence of antibodies parietal to crates of mucous stomach
- High level gastrinemia
- atrophy of mucous of fundus in department of stomach
- Connection from В12 (folic acid ) anemia
- Absence of structural changes in antral department of stomach
?
The man long time was sick with haemoblastosis. On opening of the
liver, lymphatic units of brown colour were revealed, that bone marrow,
spleen The reaction of Pearl’s was carried out(spent) in histochemical
analysis. Was established, that reticular, endothelial and histocytic
elements of these bodies contain granules of dark blue colour. What
pigment is revealed at application of the specified reaction?
- bilirubin
+ hemosiderin
- hematodin
- hematotrophin
?
To what anemia concerns Addisson-Birmer’s(pernicious anemia)?
+ disturbance of infringement of blood coagulation
- haemorrhagic anemia
- agastric anemia
- ferrous deficit anemia
- Family aplastic anemia
?
To what class of crates concern blasts of the form?
+ 1 class
- 2 classes
- 3 classes
- 4 classes
- 5-6 classes
?
What is the basis for definition of the sharp form of leucosis ?
+ cytochemical features of crates of blasts
- Biochemical parameters of blood
- Presence of pathological immunoglobulin in urine
- Presence of paraproteins in blood
- Presence of fiber of ben –johnson in urine
?
At histologic research increased cervical lymphatic units were
marked, general(common) figure of unit is indistinct at the expense of
atypical growth of histiocytic crates, with presence of huge crates
Berezosko-Sternberg, there are sites of necrosis, sclerosis, hyalanosis.
For what the diseases elicit morphological changes in lymphatic units ?
- Sharp myeloleucosis
- Chronic myeloleucosis
- fungal mycosis
- Tuberculosis
?
At histological research of lymph of the patient 18 years, from area of a
back triangle of a neck, morphology was found out congestion of crates,
among which individual multinuclear crates, large Berezosko-Sternberg
crates and small crates of Hodgkin and there are lot of lymphocytes,
individualplasmatic crates , eosinophils . What disease was developed at
the patient?
- Tumour berkit
- nodular lymphoma
+ lymphogrnaulomatos
- lymphocytes lymphoma
- Chronic lecosis of lymph nodes
?
60 years at thoracotomy in forward mediastenum are found out in the
patient increased in the sizes and attachment between themselves
lymphatical units, from which is taken from biopsy . Microscopical
аtypical of a crate, among which the crates Hodgkin and huge crates
Rid - Berezosko-Sternberg prevail; the sclerosis is absent. What disease
corresponds(meets) to these attributes?
- lymphocarcinoma
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence nodulations of a sclerosis
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence lymphoids of a fabric
+ lymphogranulomatosis with an oppression lymphoids of a fabric
- Mixed – cells variant lymphogranulomatosis
?
At the patient with perinocious (В12 –deficiency of folic acid ) anemia
the changes neurological of character in bottom extremities were
showed: increasing weakness, difficulty of movements and
coordination,anemia . indications of change is by a consequence:
+ Degeneration transmission of structures of a back brain
- Infringement blodd circulation in ЦНС
- necrosis neurons in grey substance of a back brain
- Destruction transmission of structures pheripheral of nerves
- Destruction of receptors of structures
?
At inspection of the patient 47 years, worker aniline of factory, are
revealed chronic anemia and jaundice colouring of a leather(skin). At
research biopsy with bone marrow of a brain the brown - yellow
pigment in cytoplasmic macrophages (reaction to iron on Perals -
positive) is revealed. About what of the below-mentioned pigments
there is a speech?
- hematoidin
- hematin
+ hemosiredin
- lipofusin
- bilurubin
?
At the patient, which long time worked with benzolum , progresses
anemia and haemorrhagical syndrome . In biopsy of sternum the fatty
fabric prevails, it are found out in small quantity(amount) fine acute
blood formation with single crates myeoliposa . Your diagnosis.
- Chronic myeoliposa
- perinicious anemia
- hemolytic anemia
+ hypoplastic anemia
?
At the patient the woman in the age of 46 years, which was treated
concerning an aggravation chronic gastritis , at inspection of blood is
revealed macrocytic hyperchromia anemia . The diagnosis " pernicious
anemia " is put. What process underlies this pathology?
- Presence of antibodies against basic of a membrane of a stomach
- Insufficiency of iron in food
- Presence of antibodies against crates stratified –squamos epithelium
of a stomach
+ Presence of antibodies against parietal of crates of a stomach
- Infringement of splitting of fibers in a stomach
?
At the 23-year's man during three-four months the increase cervical
lymphatic nodes along back edge(territory) sternocleidomastoideus is
marked. With the diagnostic purpose is made biopsy of one of these
lymphatic nodes . At histological research the typical attributes of illness
Hodgkin , mixed – cells variant are revealed. Choose, on the basis of
what morphological attribute such diagnosis became
possible(probable):
- The usual structure lymphatic nodes is absent
+ The tumour contains single crates Berezosko-Sternberg
- The tumour consists of the expressed polymorphic crates
- Among these crates the large and small crates Hodgkin are observed
- In structure of a tumour is multiple eosinophilic leucocytes
?
At what kind anemia there is a deficiency of the internal factor Kasla ?
+ In - 12-folic acid deficient anemia
- post hemarhhagical anemia
- ferrum deficiency anemia
- hypo plastical anemia
- hemolytical anemia
?
At microscopic research increased cervical lymphatic nodules of unit is
defined(determined) clean of his(its) structure, lymphoid follicles are
absent, all fields of sight are submitted by crates with round by
nucleuses and narrow pheripheral cytoplasm . From the clinical data it
is known, that other groups lymphatic nodules , and also spleen and
liver are increased also. Of what disease it is necessary to think?
+ lymphoid leucosis
- lymphosarcoma
- myeloid leucosis
- myelenoma illness
?
At died the man 30 years, on opening is found out increased spleen
(weight 900,0), increased liver (weight 4000,0), increased lymphatical
units, bone marrow of a brain diaphysis femur of juicy pink -red colour.
Microscopically in a liver are defined(determined) rich infiltration
mainly on a course of portal pathes consisting from unripe formation of
blood of crates with round of the form by a nucleus and narrow
pheripheral cytoplasm . Of what disease it is possible to think?
+ Chronic lympholeucosis
- Chronic myeloid leucosis
- generalization the form lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp myeloblast leucosis
- Sharp lymphoblast leucosis
?
At research biopsy increased cervical lymphatical of unit is revealed
clean of figure, the fabric it(him) is submitted by a plenty prolipheration
lymphocytes with an impurity of individual crates -. Berezosko-
Sternberg These changes testify about?
+ lymphogranulomatosis, with prevalence lymphatic nodes of a fabric
- lymphogranulomatosis, with an exhaustion lymphatic nodes of a fabric
- lymphocarcinoma
- nodular –sclerotical variant lymphogranulomatosis
?
In increased cervical lymph nodes unit the girl 14 years, microscopical
are found, that the fabric structure of unit is broken, lymphoid follicles
are absent, there are sites of a sclerosis and centers necrosis , cells
structure of unit polymorphic, are present lymphocytes , eisinophiles ,
atypical of a crate of the large sizes with many follicles by nucleuses and
one-nuclear crates also of large sizes. Diagnose diseases.
- Sharp lympholeucosis
- berkits lymphoma
- diffusive un hodgkins lymphoma
?
In the patient with leucosis in trepanobioptate in sites proliferation are
found out atypical myeloids of a crate, reduction of quantity(amount)
bone of beams, and around of the stayed beams a congestion osteoclasts
. Name character of change bone of beams.
+ osteomalaicia
- hyperplasmia
- necrosis
- traumatical damage
- sclerosis
?
On the basis of the clinical -laboratory data to the patient the diagnosis
chronic myeloleucosis is put. What method is most informative for
acknowledgement(confirmation) myeloproliferation syndrome at the
given disease.
+ trepan biopsy bone marrow of a brain
- Research pheripheral of blood.
- puncture biopsy of a liver
- biopsy lymphatical of unit
- puncture biopsy spleen
?
?
To the patient after a heavy irradiation the operation on change bone
marrow of a brain is executed. Gradually at the patient the parameters
of white and red blood were normalized. In some weeks at the patient
have appeared skin hemorrhagic pustules , diarhoea , sometimes with
stroma of blood, increase of a liver, has amplified anemia and
neuotropia . At biopsy of a liver are marked dystrophy hepatocytes ,
necrosis separate long , lymphocytes infiltration of follicles and portal
pathes. What was by the reason of the described changes?
+ Development sharp leucamia
- Reaction " transplantation against the owner "
- untransplantation
- Development sepsis
- Aggravation chronic hepatitis
?
At the woman 22 years are revealed increased lymphatical units. At
histological research in lymphatical unit the small and large crates
hodgkin , multinuclear crates Berezosko-Sternberg, single centers
caseous necrosis are observed lymhocytes , histiocytes , reticular of a
crate. For what diseases characteristic such changes?
- lymphocarcinoma
- Chronic leucosis
- Sharp leucosis
- metastasis of a crawfish easy
?
At the patient at survey of a cavity of a mouth is defined(determined)
atrophy of a mucous environment of language with red scars
(gunterovsky glossitis ). Sclera yellowish. In the analysis of blood - the
colour parameter is more than unit. For what anemia characteristic
these changes?
+ In – perinicious anemia
- ferrum deficiet
- Sharp post hemorrrhagical
- Chronic hemorragical
- hemolytic
?
At opening the man, which served by a underwater nuclear boat have
revealed the following pathology: a devastation in bone marrow a brain
(panmyeloftis ), anemia , leucopenia , thrombocytes , disintegration
lymphocytes in lymphatical units, spleen , lymphatical the device GI
TRACT of a path, haemorrhage in suprarenal gland . What illness was
developed in this case?
+ Sharp beam illness
- Kesson’s illness
- Sharp leucosis
- Sharp anemia
- Vibrating illness
?
The death of the seven-years(seven-summer) boy has come(stepped) as
a result of sharppoast haemorrhagic anemia , caused profuse by a
bleeding from GI tract. In a course pathological of research is revealed:
microscopically – anemia of internal bodies, increase of different groups
lymphatical of units, thymomegalia , moderately expressed hepato
spelomagalia-, bright red bone marrow a brain; microscopically –
hypercellular bone marrow a brain with monomorphinic infiltration
from blast of crates, diffuse –inflammation tumors infiltration in a liver,
spleen , lymphatical units, environments and substance of a head brain.
Diagnose disease.
+ Edges lymphoblastic leucosis
- Sharp myeloblastic leucosis
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis
- Sharp monoblastic leucosis
- Sharp plasmoblastic leucosis
?
At pathological research biopsy of a material of a liver the man 70 years,
at which in blood the plenty lymphocytes and prolymphocytes is
revealed, are established: multiple congestions of crates mainly
between liver follicles . For what diseases the characteristic above
stated changes?
- lymphogranulamatosis
- Chronic persistent hepatitis
- hepatocellular a crawfish of a liver
?
At microscopic research increased cervical
Lymphatic nodes of unit is defined(determined) clean of his(its)
structure, lymphatic follicles are absent, all fields of sight are submitted
by crates with round by nucleuses and narrow pheripheral basophils
cytoplasm . From the clinical data it is known, that other groups of
lymphatic nodules , and also spleen and liver are increased also. Of what
disease it is necessary to think?
+ Lymphatic leucosis
- lymphogranumatosis
- lymphosarcoma
- myeloid leucosis
- mtyelonoma illness
?
At died the man 30 years, on opening is found out increased spleen
(weight 900,0), increased liver (weight 4000,0), increased lymphatical
units, bone marrow a brain diaphsis of femur of juicy pink -red colour.
Microscopical in a liver are defined(determined) rich infiltrates mainly
on a course of portal pathes consisting from unripe formation of blood
of crates with round of the form by a nucleus and narrow pheripheral
cytoplasm . Of what disease it is possible to think?
- Chronic myeloid leucosis
- generalization the form lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp myeloblastic leucosis
- Sharp lymphoblastic leucosis
?
At the young man have increased cervical lymphatical units. At biopsy in
lymphocytic the centers proliferation lymphatic nodules of a fabric with
presence of huge crates Berezosko-Sternberg
And eisinophils , center necrosis and fibrosa . What disease most
authentic
- myelonoma illness
- lymphocarcinoma
- histocytosis
?
At tomographic of the patient in mediastinum were found increased
lymphatical units. At histological research in lymphatic nodes the
circular growths of a connecting fabric are revealed which surrounded
granuloma education from, plasmocytes and large binucleate crates.
What disease took place?
- lymphocarcinoma
- Tuberculosis
- sarcoidosis
- lympholeucosis
?
At the patient 60 years at thoracotomy in forward mediastinum are
found increased in the sizes and attachment among themselves
lymphatical units, from which is takenbiopsy . microscopically are
revealed atypical of a crate, among which the crates Hodgkin and huge
crates Berezosko-Sternberg
prevail; the sclerosis is absent. What disease most answers these
attributes?
+ lymphogranulomatosis with the suppressed development lymphoid
nodules of a fabric
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence nodules of a sclerosis
- granulomatosis with prevalence lymphoids of a fabric
- lymphocarcinoma
?
At histologically research lymphoids of the patient 18 years, from area
of a back triangle of a neck, morphology has found out a congestion of
crates, among which individual multinuclear cratesBerezosko-
Sternberg
, large crates hodgkin , small crates hodgkins and there is a lot of
lymphocytes , individual plasmatical of a crate,eosinophils . What
disease takes place in this case?
- nodular lymphoma
- Tumour Berkits
- lymphocytic lymphoma
- Chronic lymphoid leucosis
?
At histological research increased cervical lymphatical of unit is marked,
that general(common) figure of unit indistinct at the expense of growth
atypical histocytes of crates, with presence of huge cratesBerezosko-
Sternberg
, there are sites некроза, sclerosis,hyalinosis . For what the diseases
characteristic are revealed morphological changes in lymphoid follicles
?
- Грибовидного microsis
- Tuberculosis
?
On opening of the died patient are found out increased, attachment
among themselves, dense, with the white - yellow centers necrosis
lymphatical units units of different localization [cervical , muscles
andmediastinum ]. Spleen has "porphyria " a kind. At microscopic
research lymphatical of units and spleen is revealed proliferation of
polymorphic crates with presence atypical of crates, among which the
multinuclear huge crates Berezosko-Sternberg
are marked. What disease was at the patient?
Lymphogranulomatosis –
Chronic lympholeucosis
Lymphocarcinoma
- reticulo carcinoma
- Грибовидный microsa
?
At opening the died patient is revealed hyperplasia bone marrow of a
brain of flat and tubular bones ( bone marrow ), splenomegalia (6кг),
hepatomegalia (5 kg), increase of all groups lymphatical of units. To
what disease there correspond(meet) the revealed changes?
+ Chronic myeloleucosis
- myelenoma illness
- Present polycythemia
?
?
?
At the patient at survey of a cavity of a mouth is defined(determined)
atrophy of a mucous environment of language with round reddened
area (gunterovskyglossitis ). Sclera yellowish. In blood: the colour
parameter exceeds 1,0. For what anemia these changes are
characteristic?
+ perinicious anemia .
-ferrum disinfection .
- Sharppost hemorrhagical .
- Chronicposthemorhhagical .
-hemolytical; .
?
The death of the 7-year's boy has come(stepped) owing to sharp
posthemorrhagical anemia, caused profusion by a bleeding from a
digestive path. At pathological anatomy research are revealed:
macroscopically – anemia of internal bodies, increase of different
groups lymohatical of units, thymomegalia , moderately expressed
hepatospenomegalia-, bright red bone marrow a brain; microscopically
– hypercellular bone marrow a brain with monomorphism infiltration
from blast of crates, diffusion –inflammation tumours infiltrates in a
liver, sleen , lymphatical units, environments and substance of a head
brain. Diagnose disease.
+ Sharp lymphoblastic leucosis
- Sharp myeloblastic \leucosis .
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis .
- Sharp monoblasticn leucosis .
- Sharp plasmoblast leucosis .
?
On atopsy are revealed hyperplasia bone marrow of a brain of flat and
tubular bones (a brain), splenomegalia (6кг), hypatomegalia (5кг),
increase of all groups lymphatical of units. To what disease there
correspond(meet) these changes?
- myelenoma of illness.
- Chronic lypholeucosis .
+ Chronic myeloleucosis .
- True polycythemia .
-lymphogranulomatosis .
?
At the patient at x-ray research in flat bones visualization the multiple
centers osteoporosis and osteolysis . In trepano bioptate - high contents
plasmalytic cells of tumours
Crates. What your diagnosis?
- histicytes .
- Sharp monocytic leucosis .
- Chronic myelo leucosis .
- lymphogranulomatosis.
+ myelenoma illness.
?
At the patient in both mandible and maxilaa x-ray - numerous defects as
round of apertures with smooth walls; histological - phenomenon
osteolysis and osteoporosa on a background weak bone formation . In
urine of the patient - fiber Benezonska . Name disease.
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis.
- Chronic myeloleucosis .
- Chronic erythromyelosis .
- Sharp myeloleucosis .
+ myelenoma illness.
?
At the patient, 60 years, at thoracotomy in forward mediastenum are
found increased in the sizes and attachment between themselves
lymphatic units, from which was taken bioptate .microscopiocal :
atypical of a crate, among which the crates Hodgkin and huge crates
Berezosko-Sternberg
prevail; the sclerosis is not revealed. What disease most answers these
attributes?
+ lymphogranulomatosis with an oppression lymphatic nodules of a
fabric.
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence nodular of a sclerosis.
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence lymphatic nodules of a fabric.
-lymphosarcoma .
- mixed cells variant lymphogranulomatosis.
?
At survey stomatological of the teenager, 16 years, are revealed
increased mandibular and cervical lymphatic units. Is carried
out(spent)biopsy
. microscopical in lymphatical units: typical structure erased, cells a
population heterogeneous, there are huge crates with many follicles by
a nucleus, multiple one-nuclear crates of the large size, esinophil;s and
neutrophils leucocytes , lymphocyte , and also sites necrosis and centers
of a sclerosis. Diagnose disease.
- hyperplasia lymphatical of unit.
+lymphogranulomatosis .
- granulamatosis lymphadent.
- Purulentlymphadent .
- undifferentiated lymphoma .
?
At the woman, 22 years, are increased lymphatical units. Histological in
lymphatical unit –lymphocytes , histiocytes , reticular of a crate, small
and large crates hodgkins , multinuclear crates berezovsky –
shenternberg individual centers caseosous necrosis . For what the
diseases are characteristic such changes?
- Chronic leucosis .
-lymphosarcoma .
+lymphogranulomatosis .
- Sharp leucosis .
- metastatis of a crawfish easy.
?
On opening died the system increase lymphatical of units with
education tumours of conglomerates is found. Spleen is increased, on a
cut(section) motley: on a red background present the multiple fine
centers of желтовато-white and grayish colour. The most probable
diagnosis?
- lymphosarcoma
- lympholeucosis
- Crawfish easy
- sarcoidosis
?
In time histlogical of research lymphatical of unit it is revealed diffusion
growth lymphoid nodes of crates with an impurity eosinophiles and
atypicalhistiocytes , there are huge crates two and more nucleuses,
centers necrosis and sclerosis. The most probable diagnosis:
- lymphoma berlitts
- lympholeucosis
- sarcoidosis
+ lymphogranulamatosis
- myeloleucisis
?
In axillary lymphatic nodes microscopically : the structure of unit was
erased, diffused growth of lymphoid nodes of crates, eosinophils , huge
crates with two nucleuses, centers necrosis and sclerosis. What variant
granulomatosis is most probable?
- With prevalence lymphatic nodes of a fabric
- With an oppression lymphatic nodes of a fabric
+mingled cells
- Mixed
- nodular a sclerosis
?
Inlymphatic nodes , directed for histological of research, is revealed
growths fibrinosin of a fabric, that surrounds the centers of
polymorphic crates, among which plenty huge multinuclear, separate
huge one-nuclear and lymphocytes . To diagnose process?
- toxoplasmosis
- Tuberculosis
- scleroma
+ lymphogranulomatosis (nodular a sclerosis)
?
The man 60 years with the diagnosis polyradiculoneuritis has died from
chronic kidney of insufficiency. On opening in edges, bones of skull,
sternum the multiple units of a soft - elastic consistence are revealed.
Bones substance according to unitsdecalcified . Multiple dot blood in all
soft fabrics and on a leather(skin). Kidneys large, white, dense. On a
cut(section) - grease shine. To diagnose the basic disease.
- Primary ameyloid nephropthania
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic myeleleucosis
- Illness seizures
?
At the patient 66 years in presence of pathological crisis of an edge the
tumour is revealed litical of character. In clinic of disease it was
underlined on revealed proteinuria with presence of abnormal fibers
such as bens -djons , and also presence osteolytical of the centers in
bones of a backbone and basin. Histological structure of crates
submitted by crates such as plasmoblasts . The specified clinic
corresponds(meets):
- Tubercular osteomyelitis
- neuroblastoma
- osteosarcoma
+ myelenoma of illness
- fibrosarcoma
?
On opening of a corpse of the child 4 years are found increased in the
sizes lymphatical units, presence of iron and spleen . bone marrow of
brain of tubular bones juicy, crimson colour. In the easy
centerbhronchoneumonia . At life in blood of the child 70 %
lymphoblasts is revealed 56-109 leucocytes , among which. What basic
disease was at the child?
+ leucosis sharp
- bronchopneumonia
- lymphocarcinoma
- sepsis
- leucosis chronic
?
At the patient at x-ray inspection in flat bones the multiple centers
osteoporosa and osteolysis are revealed. In threpano bioptate the high
contents tumours plasmatic of crates is revealed. Your diagnosis.
- Sharp moncytic leucosis
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic myelo leucosis
histiocytosis ?
At the 23-year's man during three-four months the increase cervical
lymphatical lymphoid along back edge(territory)
sternocleiodmastoideus of a muscle is marked. With the diagnostic
purpose is made biopsy of one of these lymphoid nodes . At
histologically research the typical attributes of illnesshodgkins , mixed –
cells variant are found out. Choose, on the basis of what morphological
attribute there was possible(probable) such diagnosis:
- The usual structure lymphoid is absent
+ The tumour contains single crates berezovsky –shenternberg
- The tumour consists from is expressed of polymorphic crates
- Among these crates the large and small crates hodgkins are observed
- In structure of a tumour is multiple eosinophilic leucocytes
?
At the patient in both mandibular x-rays the numerous defects of
smooth wall round apertures are revealed. At histological research -
phenomenon osteolysis and osteoporosa at the phenomena
weakformation of bone. In urine of the patient the fibers bens -djons
are found. Name disease.
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic erythromyelosis
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis
?
During survey stomatological of the boy 16 years were found increased
mandibular and lymphatical units. Was carried out(spent)biopsy .
microscopical in lymphatical units the change was found: the typical
structure is erased, cells a population heterogeneous, there are large
crates with many follicles by a nucleus, multiple one-nuclear crates of
the large size, esinophils and neutrophils leucocytes , lymphocytes ,
besides the sites necrosis and center of a sclerosis are found. Diagnose
disease.
- hyperplasia lymphatical of unit
- granulomatosis lymphadent
- Purulent lymphadent
- undiffertiated lymphoma
?
In increased cervical lymphatical unit the girl 14 years, microscpical
were is found, that the fabric structure of unit is broken, lymphoid
follicles are absent, there are sites of a sclerosis and centers necrosa ,
cells structure of unit polymorphic, are presentlymphocytes ,
eosinophils , atypical of a crate of the large sizes with many follicles by
nucleuses (crate berezovsky –shenternberg) and one-nuclear crates
also of large sizes. Your diagnosis?
- lymphoma berkitt
- fungal mycosis
?
At research bioptate increased cervical lymph nodes
Lymphatical of unit is revealed clean of figure, the fabric it(him) is
submitted by a plenty proliferation lymphocytes with presence of
individual crates. berezovsky –shenternberg These changes testify
about?
+ lymphogranulomatosis , with prevalence lymphoid nodes of a fabric
-, with an exh lymphogranulomatosis austion lymphatic nodes of a
fabric
- Mixed – cells variant lymphogranulomatosi
- lymphosarcoma
- nodular - sclroticalvariant lymphogranulomatosis
?
At research biopsy lymphatical of unit the conclusion
"lymphogranulomatosis " is given. On the basis of what attributes the
diagnosis was put?
+ Crates berezovsky –shenternberg
- Cratestutona
- Crates pirogovs -langerhans
- Crates virchows
- Crates mulich
?
At histological research lymphatical of unit – diffusion growth lymphoid
nodes of crates with an impurity eosinophils and atypicalhistiocytes ,
single huge crates with two and more nucleuses, centers necrosis and
sclerosis. The most authentic diagnosis:
lympholeucosis –
lymphoma berkits
- sarcoidosis
- myeloleucosis
?
On opening at died the system increase lymphatical of units with
education tumours of conglomerates is found. Spleen is increased, on a
cut(section) motley: on a red background the multiple fine centers of
yellow-white and grayish colour. What disease most of all answer the
described changes?
- sarcoidosis
- lymphocarcinoma
- Crawfish easy
- lympholeucosis
?
The woman 64 years had pathological crisis of shoulder bone. Result
biopsy: atypical plasmatical of a crate. X-ray in a place of crisis tumours
of education. Possible(probable) disease:
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic osteomyeltis
- chondrosarcoma
- fibrosna displasia of a bone
- metastatic adenocarcinoma
At disease of leucosis discovered pathology was clear: leukemic

infiltration, ,hypertrophic papilla, haemorrhage, local necrosis. At which
leucosis pathology is clearly situated not more oftenly?
+ acute lymphoblastic leucosis
-acute megakaryoblastic leucosis
- chronicx lympholeucosis
- chronic myeloleucosis
?
A 70 year old patient , was in the surgical department ,had gastric
haemorrhage and hepato spleenomegaly cachexia, at the diasgnosis of
the liver biopsy .At pathological examination :were found many
monomorphic round cells , big size than lymphocytes ,his verification it
was prolymphocytes . For which type of the disease in the following
indicate these type of changes ?
+ chronic lympholeucosis
- acute lympholeucosis
- chronic persistent hapatitis
-hepatocellular craw fish
?
After the death of a 7 year old boy has come(stepped) acute post
haemorrhagic anemia and bleeding of gastro intestinal tract . In a course
of pathoanatomical examination:macroscopic-was found less amount of
blood cells , big lymphatic nodules , thymomegalia, viral hepatic
spleenomegalia, white red colour medullar bone ; microscopic –
hypercellular medullar bone with monomorphic infiltrations of blast
cells, diffuse infiltrations in liver , spleen and lymphatic nodules ,
meninges . Diagnosе the disease.
+ acute lymphoblastic leucosis
- acute megakaryoblastic leucosis
- acute undifferentiated leucosis
- acute monoblastic leucosis
- acute plasmoblastic leucosis
?
At autopsy of a man who served in submarine , was found out pathology
of the medullar part of the bone
(anemia,leucopenia,thrombocytopenia, lymphocytic infiltration at
lymphatic nodules , spleen , lymphatic apparatus and gastrointestinal
path way haemorrhage in suprarenal gland .What disease in this case ?
+ acute rhinitc disease
- disease Kessona
- Acute leucosis
- acute anemia
- vibrational disease
?
At a time of histological examination of the 18 years old of region
trigonum posterior many cells in this were found , same mononuclear
and many cells of Berezovsky- Sternberg, and cells of Hodgkin
lymphocytes,plasmatic cells ,eosinophills. What is the disease of the
patient ?
- nodular lymphoma
+ lymphogranullomatosis
- Berkit tumour
- Lymphocytic lymphoma
- chronic lymphatic leucosis
At 44 years old man from Ukraine, behind results of autopsy weer

established pneumocystic pneumonia and Kaposis’s sarcoma – and
cellular lymphoma .In anamnesis it was found that he was in sexual
intercourse .What is the disease ?
+ viral infection causing immunodefficit –AIDS
-, viral infection causing immunodefficit stage of precondition AIDS
- secondary immunodefficit subsequently leading– cellular lymphoma
- secondary immunodefficit subsequently leadind Kaposi’s sarcoma
-all diseases are not correct
Diseases of the respiratory system
On dissection a dissector discovered that lungs are megascopic in sizes, pale, soft
consistency, not paste together, microscopic section with a crunch.
Microscopically there is expansion of alveolar tubes, interalveolar partitions thin,
there are the signs of intracapillar sclerosis. What disease of lungs is such
morphological picture characteristic for?
- Pneumosclerosis
- Pneumonia
- Atelectasis
- Pneuomothorax
+ Emphysema
At necropsy man 63 years, dying from the cancer of lung found out plural
metastases. What part of them can be considered as implantational by the
mechanism of development?
+ Germination of tumour from a bronchial tube in a gullet
- Metastases in a cerebrum
- Metastases in suprarenal glands
- Shallow plural tumours knots on pleura
- Metastases in peribronchial, bifurcational, paratracheal
Patient, 75 years, during 15 years suffers by bronchial asthma, ischemic heart

disease, increase of arteriotony, during the last 2 years. The hypertrophy of left
ventricle is set. What is the reason of hypertrophy?
- Pulmonary insufficiency
+ Arterial hypertensia
- Chronic ischemia of cardiac muscle
- Bronchial asthma
- Emphysema of lungs
A patient, 70 years, entered thoracal separation with a diagnosis - abscess of lung,
died at the syndrome of increasing cardiac insufficiency. On dissection
discovered, that the lymphatic knots of mediastinum are megascopic juicy, rose-
red color. A spleen is megascopic in sizes, flabby, with abundant scrape of pulp.
By what is it possible to account for the changes in a spleen and lymphatic knots?
+ By protective hyperplasy
- By hormonal hyperplasy
- By festering inflammation in a lymphonodus and spleen
- By venous stagnation
- By scray hyperplasy
At a patient after physical tension tromboemboly of segmentary pulmonary

arteries was the phlebemphraxis of lower extremities. The red wedge-shaped
hearths of necrosis of dense consistency appeared in lungs. What form of necrosis
did arise up in lungs?
- Collicvation necrosis
- Ischemic heart attack
- Gangrene
+ Hemorragic heart attack
- Coagulative necrosis
At a patient because of obturation of mediolobular bronchial tube the atelectasis

of middle lobe of right lung appeared by the knot of soft tissues. At
bronchobiopsy in the area of obturation excrescences of ferrous atipycal
epithelium are exposed with pathological mitosises which germinate in subject to
tissue and cartilage. What disease does these information answer for most certain?
- Inflammatory polypus
- Dysplasy of epithelium of bronchial tube
+ Bronchogenic cancer of lungs
- Deforming a bronchitis
- Sarcoma of bronchial tube
At microscopic research of bioptate atipycal cells which form plural
acinalstructures and product mucus are exposed in lungs. What histological form
of cancer of lungs takes place at a patient?
- Moderate differentiated adenocarcinome
- Undifferentiated cancer
- Glandular squame cell cancer
- Reasonaly differenced planocellular cancer
+ High-differentiated adenocarcinome
At a patient with bronchoectatic illness, pneumosclerosis with the expressed

syndrome of cachexy on dissection a heart is diminished in sizes, walls are
thinned, flabby consistence, on a microscopic section tissue of brown color. The
deposit of what pigment is observed in myocardium?
- Haemosiderine
+ Lypofuscine
- Lipochromes
- Ceroid
- Heamatoidine
At a patient 53 years, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness hemoptysis,

the edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back, in urine is albumen 33
mg/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding. Result of autopsy: kidneys are
megascopic in a volume, close-settled, the surface of microscopic section has a
greasy kind. Histologicaly the deposit is marked in glomerulis and on motion of
tubulis of homogeneous eosinophilic the masses which are preferentially painted
Congo-Roth and give a metachromasia with methylene blue. What pathological
process took place in kidneys in this case?
+ Lardaceous
- Hyalinosis
- Fatty dystrophy
- Isosmotic
- Mucoid swelling
Man 52 years, profession is gas-arc welder, after 10 days of treatment of acute
lowerlobular right-side staphylococcus pneumonia died at the syndrome of
increasing pneumocardial insufficiency. On autopsy in the lower lobe of right
lung found out a cavity wrong-shaped about 5 sm in a diameter, containing a puss
and reported with a bronchial tube. What complication of acute pneumonia takes
place at a patient?
- Necropneumonia
- Tromboemboly of pulmonary trunk
- Bronchoectatic illness
+ Abscess of lung
- Acute bronchitis
At a patient with pulmonary pathology on dissection a cavity is exposed with

close- settled walls, filled by the thick liquid of greenish color, with an unpleasant
smell. The diagnosis is.
- Tuberculome of lungs
- Cavity of lungs
- Heart attack of lungs
+ Gangrene of lungs
- Abscess of lungs
At microscopic research of bioptate from the area of tumour of mucous

membrane of right bronchial tube, set cellular and tissue atypia, appearance of
structures of 'cancers pearls'. Define character of pathological process.
+ Malignant tumour
- Hyperplasy
- Of high quality tumour
- Metaplasia
- Hypogenesis
At dissection of patient which died from croupous pneumonia, in a pleura cavity
opaque liquid, on the visceral pleura of greyish color tape. Define the type of
inflammation on visceral pleura.
- Catarrhal
- Granulomatous
- Festering
+ Fibrinous
- Hemorragic
At a child 8 years the signs of pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, shortness of

breath, fingers as drumsticks, nails as sentinels glasses, cough, are expressed with
the far of mucous-festering sputum (especially in the morning). At x-ray research
acute expansion of bronchial tubes is exposed. Your diagnosis is.
- Chronic bronchitis
- Bronchial asthma
+ Bronchoectatic illness
- Bronchopneumonia
At necropsy miner and histological research in lungs numerous thin bars of

connecting tissue were found with the hearths of sclerosis round bronchial tubes
and vessels of lungs; excrescence of connecting tissue in alveolar partitions with
development of bronchiolitis and bronchoectases. In bifurcation lymphonoduss
there is single lymphonoduss with a sclerosis and plenty of particles of dust and
coniophages. What form of schistosis is most credible?
- Mixed
+ Diffusely-sclerotic
- Silicotical cavernous
- knot
- tuberculo-silicosis
A 42-years-old man became ill acutely after supercooling. The disease was
accompanied by cordially-respiratory insufficiency which he died from. During
dissection exposed, that all right lung is megascopic, hepatic closeness, heavy; on
pleura there are considerable fibrinous deposits. On a microscopic section lung of
grey color, grainy, a turbid liquid refluxs from a surface. At histological research
there is acute inflammation with a presence in the road clearances of teethridges
of purulent-fibrinous exsudate. What diagnosis is most credible?
- idiopathic fibrozing alveolitis
- interstitial interalveolar pneumonia
- hearth pneumonia
- staphylococcus pneumonia
+ croupous pneumonia
At a 45-years-old patient which acutely became ill by pneumonia, the edema of

lungs, which became reason of death, developed on the 6th day of illness. On
dissection discovered, that all overhead lobe of right lung is staggered: enlarged,
dense, heavy, on a pleura with fibrinous stratifications, on the microscopic section
of grey color, a turbid liquid refluxs from the surface of microscopic section.
Microscopically: in the road clearance of teethridges there is fibrin, neutrophyles,
macrophages, haemolyzed red corpuscles. Specify, what pneumonda was at a
patient?
- Viral pneumonia
- Hypostatic pneumonia
- Respiratory syndrome of adults
- Staphylococcus bronchopneumonia
+ Croupous pneumonia
A patient 30-years-old who worked in a mine died from increasing pulmonary-

cardiac insufficiency. On dissection lungs are megascopic in sizes, dense
consistence, on a microscopic section plenty of knots by sizes with millet corns
and bigger, dense greyish and greyish-black color, placed knots meet in more
large areas. Name the most credible disease:
- Siderosis
- Asbestosis
+ Schistosis
- Berilliosis
- Antracosis
In operating material of lung found out bronchial tubes with a presence in the wall
of lymph-histocytic infiltrate with the presence of microxyphil leucocytes, wide in
relation to a caliber by their road clearance, by excrescence of cicatrical tissue in a
wall. What is the most complete and exact diagnosis?
- Bronchoectases
+ Chronic bronchitis with intensifying
- Chronic bronchitis with the sclerosis of walls and intensifying
- Acute bronchitis
A woman in age 50 years as a result of supercooling became ill by croupous

pneumonia. What is the reason of origin of such form of lungs fever?
- Decline of reactivity of organism
- Age
+ Pneumococcus
- Influence on the organism of low temperature
- Staphylococcus
At histological research of remote from an easy knot suspicious on a tumour, a

pathologist exposed the presence of area of the caseous necrosis surrounded by
connecting tissue, there was a spongy bone in one of areas of capsule. Presence of
bone tissue in composition capsule is characteristically for:
- Hyperplasy
- Regenerations
+ Metaplasias
- Organizations
At autopsy of man middle-aged, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness,

discovered, that both adrenal glunds are acutely megascopic in a volume due to a
crust layer. Suprarenal glands of cartilaginoid closeness, pale, greasy.
Microscopically on motion of reticular strome, in the walls of vessels, the deposit
of anhistic, homogeneous is marked, pink color of the masses. Mass is painted
Congo-Roth, in the polarized light possessed the chlorine double refraction and
dichroism. These changes testify the presence of:
+ Lardaceous
- Mucoid swelling
- Fibrinoid swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Lipidosis
?
On dissection exposed, that a left lung is a little megascopic in sizes, dense, on a
visceral pleura there is present deposit of fibrin, on a microscopic section all lobes
of grey color, a turbid grey-yellow liquid refluxs from the surface of lobes. What
disease is the question about?
- hearth pneumonia
- Cancer of lung
At a patient suffering long time by a chronic bronchitis, chronic cardiac

insufficiency developed. On dissection lungs are megascopic in sizes, cover front
mediastinum, not paste together, microscopic section with a crunch. In the road
clearance of bronchial tubes mucous-festering corks, the wall of bronchial tubes is
incrassate. What changes in a heart develop in this case?
+ Hypertrophy of right ventricle
- Diffuse cardiosclerosis
- Hypertrophy of left ventricle
- Acardiotrophia
- Hypertrophy of all departments of heart
At a woman 38 years, after supercooling a chill, high temperature, cough, pains,
appeared in a thorax. Died after 5 days. On dissection the lower lobe of right lung
is megascopic, dense, heavy. On the pleura of grey color filmy impositions,
become separated from easily. On a microscopic section there is lung of grey
color with a grainy surface. What disease developed at a patient?
- Bronchopneumonia
- Pulmonary plague
- Influenzal pneumonia
- Caseous pneumonia
?
Microscopically in lungs: panbronchitis, in the road clearance of teethridges
serosal exsudate with an admixture mucuses, leucocytes, macrophages. It is most
credible:
- acute bronchitis
- croupous pneumonia
- edema of lungs
+ bronchopneumonia
Microscopically at histological research of dying lungs exposed: in the road

clearance of teethridges mass of fibrin, single leucocytes. It is most credible:
- fibrozing alveolitis
- serosal pneumonia
- bronchopneumonia
A 39-years-old woman salesman of supermarket was often ill by pneumonia.

Died at the syndrome of pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency. On a microscopic
section lungs have the appearance of bees honeycombs macroscopically,
microscopically diffuse sclerosis, cysts with fibrotic walls, desquamation of the
alveolar covering, dysplasy of alveolocytes. Most credible diagnosis:
- bronchial asthma
+ fibrozing alveolitis
- bronchoectatic illness
- sarcoidosis
On dissection of man dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, 47 years, the

cavity measuring 4x4 ñì, filled by a pus, is found in a left lung, wall scalloped,
uneven. It is most credible:
- cancer of lungs
- chronic abscess
- empyema
+ acute abscess
Microscopically numerous, rounded knots consisting of concentric hyalinized

bunches of connective tissue are found in the remote segment of lungs of miner.
Greater part of them is located perivascular and peribronchially. Most credible
diagnosis:
- cancer of lungs
- bronchitis
- tuberculosis
+silicosis
Microscopically in the right lung there is excrescence of the atypical ferrous

structures. Most credible diagnosis:
- fibrosarcoma
- carcinoma in situ
- adenoma
+ adenocarcinome
- paraganglioma
A patient 8 years grumbled about a cough with festering sputum, shortness of

breath. The fingers of hands looked like drumsticks. He died at the syndrome of
pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency. On a microscopic section road clearance of
some bronchial tubes extended, deformed. Most credible diagnosis:
- cancer of lungs
+ bronchoectatic illness
- sarcoidosis
- tuberculosis
In biopsy material of bronchial tube of patient practising upon smoking, in an

incrassate mucous membrane chronic inflammation and transformation of
monolayer ciliated epithelium is exposed in a multi-layered flat epithelium. What
changes of epithelium are found at a patient?
+ Metaplasia
- Leucoplacy
- Hyperplasy of epithelium
- Planocellular cancer
- Hypertrophy of epithelium
At a patient dying in 3 weeks after the beginning of pneumonia, the lower lobe of
right lung is acutely megascopic, dense, airless, grey, with the deposits of fibrin
on pleura. At a microscopy a fibrin is exposed in all teethridges of this lobe. Your
diagnosis:
- Fibrinous pleurisy
- hearth bronchopneumonia
A woman 35 years became ill acutely, among a complete health, after
supercooling. On the 5th day of disease death came from acute cardiac
insufficiency. During a section exposed: the lower lobe of right lung is
megascopic, dense, on the microscopic section of grey color, a turbid liquid
refluxs from a surface, on-the- spot pleura there are deposits of fibrin. Specify the
most credible disease which entailed death.
- Mycotic bronchopneumonia
- Viral bronchopneumonia
- Carnification
?
In biopsy material of mucous membrane of bronchial tube of patient 50 years,
which 20 years suffered by a chronic bronchitis, found out the thinning, cyste-like
regeneration of mucous glands, hearths of transformation of prismatic epithelium
multi-layered flat. Specify, what pathological processes is most credible?
+ Metaplasia
- Heterotopia
- Hyperplasy
- Dysplasy
- Heteroplasia
At bronchoscopy of a patient 62 years in the initial department of bronchial tube

of the upper lobe of right lung there is polipoid formation by diameter of 1,0ñì,
which has the superficial ulcer of red color. At histological research a tumour
which is built from shallow lymphoid cells with hyperchromic kernels are
exposed, cells grow by layers and fibers. Specify, what type of tumour is most
credible?
- Ferrous-planocellular cancer
- Adenocarcinome
+ Undifferentiated small-celled cancer
- Undifferentiated big-celled cancer
At dissection of dying from pneumocardial insufficiency found: in pleura cavities
turbid liquid; lungs are megascopic in a volume, whitish-grey tapes close-settled,
on a pleura. On a microscopic section lungs are of greyish-white color with a
grainy surface, dense, heavy. Peribronchial lymphonoduss are megascopic,
elastic, on a microscopic section are whitish-grey. Microscopically: the
teethridges of lungs are filled by a fibrinous-leukocyte exsudate, vessels are
extended. Specify, what diagnosis is most credible?
- Caseous pneumonia
+ Croupous pneumonia (stage of grey hepatization)
- Hearth pneumonia
- Croupous pneumonia (stage of red hepatization)
A patient during many years suffered by bronchoectatic illness, died because of

chronic kidney insufficiency and uremia. On dissection discovered some
diminished dense, with the uneven surface of greasy kind on the microscopic
section of kidney. What disease does the such macroscopic type of kidneys
correspond to?
+ Lardaceous of kidneys
- Pyelonephritis
- Arteriosclerous nephrosclerosis
- Necrotizing nephrosis
- Glomerulonephritis
On a section the hemorragic heart attacks of lungs are exposed, in some vessels of
lungs of brown color of mass, phlebeurysm lower extremities in which presence
of crumbling darkly-brown color of the masses. What pathological process is the
question about?
- Hemorragic bronchopneumonia
- stagnant thrombosis of pulmonary vessels
- Tissue embolism of pulmonary vessels
+ tromboemboly of pulmonary vessels
- Fatty embolism of pulmonary vessels
At a patient, 67 years, with the clinical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis,

pneumosclerosis, pneumocardial insufficiency, bioptate is taken from the
suspicious area of mucous right bronchial tube. Histologicaly there are cellular
and tissue atypia, appearance of structures as "cancers pearls". What pathological
process do the indicated histological changes correspond to?
- Bronchoectasis
+ Planocellular cancer of bronchial tube with the cornification
- Planocellular metaplasia of mucous of bronchial tube
- Chronic polipous bronchitis
- acute bronchitis
On dissection of patient, which died from pneumocardial insufficiency, the dark

color of lungs, their uneven swelling "pulmonary" heart, is found. It is known
from anamnesis, that a patient during 18 years worked as a miner. What disease
resulted in death?
- Sarcoidosis of lungs
+ Antracosis of lungs
- Central cancer of lungs
- acute bronchopneumonia
At a patient 65 years on 5 day after cholecystectomia on an occasion a calculary

cholecystitis a temperature rose to 38,5 degrees, there was the shortness of breath.
At the inspection moist wheezes were listened in the lower departments of lungs,
on the x-ray research the shallow hearths of darkening are exposed in 9-10
segments of lungs. What disease complicated a postoperation period?
- acute bronchitis
- Abscess of lungs
- Exsudate pleurisy
+ hearth pneumonia
At a patient 49 years, long suffering by a chronic obstructive festering bronchitis,

poliorganic insufficiency developed. On autopsy found out cardiomegaly, greasy
kidney, sago spleen. What disease complicated the flow of chronic obstructive
illness of lungs?
- Hemophthisis
- Syndrome of the disseminated inopexi
+ Secondary lardaceous
- Lymphadenoma
- Hemochromatosis
At a patient 53th years, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness

hemoptysis, the edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back, in urine
protein of 33mg/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding. Results of autopsy:
kidneys are megascopic in a volume, close-settled, the surface of microscopic
section has a greasy kind. Histological the deposit is marked in glomerulis and on
wallr of tubulis of homogeneous eosinophilic the masses which are preferentially
painted Congo- Roth and give a metachromasia with methylene blue. What
pathological process is present in kidneys in this case?
- Fatty dystrophy
- Hyalinosis
+ Lardaceous
- Mucoid swelling
- Isosmotic
During the operation the large wedge-shaped hearth of crimson, dense tissue is
exposed in the overhead lobe of right lung. At cytobiopsy necrosis of walls of
teethridges is exposed in it, the road clearances of teethridges are densely
exemicroscopic sectioned by red corpuscles. Your diagnosis:
- Pneumonia
- ischemic heart attack of lungs
- Gangrene of lungs
+ Hemorragic heart attack of lungs
- Atelectasis of lungs
At bronchial asthma the viral infectioning provoked asthmatic status with a mortal
end. At histological research of lungs a spasm and edema of bronchioles is
exposed, in their walls the expressed infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophiles
and other leucocytes, and also degranulate labrocytes. What mechanism of mortal
asthmatic bronchiolospasm?
- Inflammatory
+ Reagine reaction of hypersensitiveness
- Autoimmune
- immunocomplex
- immune cellular cytolysis
Man, 52 years, profession is gas-arc welder, on 10 days of treatment of acute

lung found out the cavity of the wrong rounded form about 5ñì in a diameter,
containing a pus and reported with a bronchial tube. What complication of acute
pneumonia takes place at a patient?
- Necropneumonia
+ Abscess of lung
- Acute bronchitis
A patient, 37 years, during 2,5-3 months suffers by pneumonia. A dynamics from

the conducted treatment was not observed and a patient dies from respiratory
insufficiency. On dissection lungs are megascopic, grey-red color, a little
mucosanguineous liquid refluxs from the surface of microscopic section. At
microscopic research plenty of foamy eosinophilic the masses pneumocysts is
revealed in which is found in teethridges. Diagnosed pneumocyst pneumonia. The
display of what illness can there be this pneumonia?
- Flu
+ AIDS
- Tuberculosis
- Malarias
- Sibireas
Woman, 62 years, which was ill a rheumatic heart-disease (mitral stenosis), died
at the syndrome of increasing cardiovascular insufficiency. Choose the
morphological changes in lungs which testify to long motion of disease.
+ Perivascular sclerosis and hemosiderosis
- edema
- hemorrhage
- interrtitial is the edema
- Hyperemia of vessels of microvasculature
At a man, 20 years, which died at the syndrome of making progress

pneumocardial insufficiency, on autopsy a right-side lower lobe pleuropneumonia
is exposed in the stage of grey hepatization. What from the components of the
exsudate exposed in teethridges, does have most nosotropic and prognostic
values?
- Fibrin
- Red corpuscles
- Siderophages
+ Neutrophyles
- Macrophages
At autopsy of dead body of man which died from chronic pneumocardial

insufficiency, the signs of chronic diffuse emphysema and "pulmonary heart are
exposed". What from the below transferred factors acts most important part in
development of pulmonary hypertension as reasons of "pulmonary heart"?
+ Reduction of capillary network in the respirator department of lungs
- Proliferation of plain muscle cells in the walls of arterioles and shallow arteries
- intracapillary sclerosis
- Hyalinosis of arterioles and shallow arteries
- Atherosclerosis of bronchial arteries
At microscopic research of bronchobiopsy a tumour which is built from the nest

accumulations of atypical cells of multi-layered flat epithelium is exposed, placed
with characteristic "pearls". Your diagnosis is?
- Scirrhus
- Epidermal cancer without the cornification
- Solid cancer
- Mucous cancer
+ Epidermal cancer with the cornification
At necropsy girl which died from an asphyxia exposed, that mucous trachea and
bronchial tubes covered by white-grey tape which is loosely connected with
subject tissues and is easily taken off by pincers. The road clearance of
segmentary bronchial tubes is exemicroscopic sectioned by loose the masses of
grey-white color. What tracheobronchitis in grain exsudate is marked at
dissection?
- Putrid
- Catarrhal
- Dyphteric
- Festering
+ Croupous
The croupous lungs fever is the acute infectiously-allergic disease at which is

struck:
- Acinus
+ One or few lobes
- Lobule
- Segment or a few segments
- Group of teethridges
Pulmonary complications of croupous pneumonia develop in connection:
+ With violation of fibrinolytic function of neutrophyles
- With generalization of infection
- with the edema and cellular infiltration
- with violation of ephithelial barsrier
- with weakening of protective reactions of organism
To the acute diseases of lungs attribute:

- Pneumofibrosis
- Bronchoectases
- Bronchial asthma
Carnification is:
- Atelectasis
- Limited festering melting
- Diffuse festering inflammation
- Passive atelectasis
+ Organization of fibrin
A child died from pneumonia. On dissection is overhead lobe of left lung close-
settled, visceral pleura is covered by the fibrinous raid, surface of microscopic
section of the staggered lobe fine-grained, grey color, the pieces of lung sink in
water. Microscopically - in the road clearance of teethridges fibrinous exsudate
with the admixtures of plenty of neutrophilic leucocytes. What pneumonia
entailed death of child?
- Putrid
- Festering
- Necrotizing
+ Croupous
- Hemorragic
At a patient suffering by a chronic glomerulonephritis, on a background chronic

kidney insufficiency a cough appeared with discharge of mucous sputum. At
bronchoscopy: the mucous membrane of bronchial tubes is sanguineous,
dropsical, with shallow hemorrhages. In the road clearance of bronchial tubes a
lot of mucus. Set a process at bronchial tubes.
+ Secondary acute catarrhal bronchitis
- Primary acute catarrhal bronchitis
- Chronic catarrhal bronchitis
- Destructively-ulcerous bronchitis
- Catarrhal-festering bronchitis
At dissection of man 34th years, dying from chronic kidney insufficiency in

connection with the lardaceous of kidneys, a pathologist in lungs discovered
mainly in lower lobes are plural diffuse expansions of bronchial tubes in the road
clearances of which festering content. The surface of microscopic section of lungs
has a small-celled kind, reminds bees honeycombs. Histological in the wall of
bronchial tubes chronic inflammation, substituted for elastic and muscle fibres by
connecting tissue. These changes in a lung a doctor considered as:
- Abscesses of lungs
- Bronchopneumonia
- Chronic pneumonia
+ Bronchoectases
At a patient carrying croupous pneumonia and pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency

dying at the syndrome, a pathologist on dissection marked some bulge of leaves
of three-folding valve, color them greyish-yellow slipshod for the lines of closing
and presence of large, to 2 sm in a diameter, blood clots, that served by
foundation to set:
+Ulcerous endocarditis
- Acute warty endocarditis
- Recurrently-warty endocarditis
- Diffuse endocarditis
- Fibroplatic endocarditis
At necropsy of patient, who died from pulmonary insufficiency found out a

megascopic lung with the hearths of crimson, white, pink-yellow color,
necrotizing tracheobronchitis. What disease did a patient suffer by most probably?
- Morbillous pneumonia
- Toxic form of flu
- Fibrozing alveolitis
+ Influenzal pneumonia
Brown induration of lungs develops at:

- To emphysema of lungs
- Blood pressures high in the small circle of circulation of blood
- Chronic insufficiency of right department of heart
+ Chronic insufficiency of left department of heart
- Chronic pneumonia
In anamnesis at a patient, 62 years, from little up chronic inflammatory illnesses

of lungs. A sputum is scanty, white. A patient got in a hospital with the signs of
pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency and at growth to the last died. What changes
in a heart were found on dissection?
- Dilatation of both ventricles
- Hypertrophy and dilatation left ventricle
- Hypertrophy of both ventricles
+ Hypertrophy and dilatation of right ventricle
- Heart without the macroscopic changes
The mucous membrane of trachea is turbid, sanguineous, with stratification of
grey- white tapes. Most credible form of inflammation:
- mixed
- festering
- serosal
- proliferative
+ fibrinous
On dissection of patient 65 years, which died from chronic cardiac insufficiency

because of rheumatic heart-disease lungs of brown
colors, megascopic in sizes, are close-settled. How are such changes named in
lungs?
- cellular lungs
- muscat lungs
+ brown induration of lungs
- chronic emphysema
At a patient high temperature, shortness of breath, pain, in the right half of thorax.
During pleura punction 700ml of creamy liquid of chlor color is remote. Most
credible diagnosis:
- bronchopneumonia
- carcinomatosis of pleura
- serosal pleurisy
+ empyema of pleura
- Hemorragic pleurisy
By sick croupous pneumonia after the decline of temperature, on 6th day diseases,
independently halted stationary treatment. What most credible complication will
arise up in the near time?
- Necropneumonia
+ Carnification
- Abscess of lung
- Pulmonary heart
At a patient after the strong supercooling appeared cough, pains in the right half
of thorax, which increased at breathing, fever. Died on the 5th day of disease at
the syndrome of acute cardiac insufficiency. On a microscopic section lower lobe
of right lung close-settled, a pleura is covered by white-grey tape, surface of
microscopic section fine-grained, grey color. Histological the fibrin saturated with
plenty of neutrophilic leucocytes is exposed in the road clearance of teethridges.
Specify credible illness?
- hearth pneumonia
- Interlobular pneumonia
- Peribronchial pneumonia
At an alcoholic, after the acute supercooling a weakness, shortness of breath,

pains, developed in a thorax, fever. Dulling of percussion sound and noise of
friction of pleura is exposed. A patient died in a week from pulmonary-cardiac
insufficiency. On autopsy exposed: lower lobe of right lung of dense consistency
grey color on a microscopic section, fine-grained. A pleura is covered by a fibrin.
Specify the most credible disease.
- Juxtaspinal pneumonia
- Part bronchopneumonia
- Total bronchopneumonia
A man, 19 years, suffered from babyhood by bronchoectatic illness. Died from

kidney insufficiency. On dissection except for the plural bronchoectatic cavities
filled by a festering exsudate, the kidneys of dense consistency, megascopic in
sizes
are exposed, crust layer incrassate, white color, dense. The pyramids of kidney
are anaemic, clear. To name a process which developed in kidneys?
- Chronic pyelonephritis
+ Secondaryary lardaceous
- Inborn polycystosis kidneys
- Secondary nephrosclerosis
On the section of suddenly dying the compressions of overhead lobe of right lung
are marked. Here on the visceral pleura of local character of deposit of fibrin. On
a microscopic section lobe of grey color, airless. The moderate amount of
festering sputum is marked in respiratory tracts. In the parenchima of lungs there
are distrophic changes. The described changes are characteristic for:
- Spontaneous pneuomothorax
- Bronchopneumonia
- Atelectasis
- Intervening pneumonia
Patient, 63 years, during 2th weeks independently treated oneself by antibiotics in

connection with the acute respirator disease. Death came from making progress
respiratory insufficiency. A polymorphic picture is exposed in lungs: walls of
teethridges with uneven histiocytic infiltration, there are giant uninuclear cells in
an alveolar epithelium; placed the planocellular metaplasia of bronchiolar
epithelium concernes; on many areas is destructive festering bronchiolitis, in
surrounding teethridges serous-leucocyte exsudate, evidently focuses of abscess
formation. Your diagnosis is?
+ Viral-bacterial pneumonia
- Mykoplasmous pneumonia
- Frindler's pneumonia
- Viral pneumonia
- Pneumocystous pneumonia
?
At a patient, which long smoked and suffered by a chronic bronchitis, the tumour
of lungs is exposed. It is set during the operation, that a tumour is interlinked with
the wall of bronchial tube and grows as a polypus. The groups of polymorphic
ephithelial cells, mitosises, which scaly oxyphile nuclear-free structures are
between, are microscopically exposed. To name the histological type of tumour ?
- Mucous cancer
- Solid adenocarcinome
- Rhabdomiosarcoma
- Dense villoma
+ planocellular cancer with the cornification
At a patient on dissection in a right pleura cavity 380ml of yellow creamy liquid

was found with an unpleasant smell. At the microscopy of liquid - a lot of
neutrocytes. Your diagnosis is?
+ empyema of pleura
- Abscess of lung
- Phlegmon
- Necropneumonia
- Festering catarrh of pleura
Pulmonary tissue at a senior:

- With enhanceable diffusive ability
+ With the lowered diffusive ability
- Without the changes
- Enhanceable bloodsupply
- Hyperplasy
A patient which suffered by chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs, died from

pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency. What changes can be discovered in a heart?
- Hypertrophy of left ventricle of heart
+ Hypertrophy of right ventricle of heart
- Lardaceous
- large cardiosclerosis
- Break of heart
At dissection of dying, 43 years, the megascopic grey dense airless lower lobe of
left lung is exposed, visceral pleura of this lobe with stratification of fibrin.
Microscopically: in all teethridges fibrinous-leucocyte exsudate. What from the
stages of development of croupous pneumonia took place?
- Wave
- Red hepatization
- Permissions
+ Grey hepatization
- Large pied lung
At dissection of dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency bilateral croupous

pneumonia is exposed. What exciters are characteristic for this illness?
+ Pneumococcus I, II, III and IV types
- Staphylococcuss
- Viruses
- Streptococci
- Mycoplsma
At necropsy patient suffering by croupous pneumonia and dying from a

pneumococcus sepsis, there was 900ml of turbid sulphur color of liquid in a right
pleura cavity. The sheets of pleura are dim, sanguineous. Name the clinic-
morphological form of inflammation in a pleural cavity.
- Fibrinous inflammation
- A phlegmon, the chronic abscess
- Acute abscess
+ Empyema
At dissection of dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency the incrassate,
deformed bronchial tubes filled by a mucous-festering exsudate are found. At a
microscopy inflammatory infiltration hearths of planocellular metaplasia of
epithelium and increase of amount of goblet cells is exposed in bronchial tubes.
Your diagnosis.
- Bronchopneumonia
- Cancer of lungs
- Pneumosclerosis
+ Chronic bronchitis
At a man 60 years, which was ill bronchoectatic illness and died from kidney
insufficiency, on autopsy the lardaceous of kidneys is exposed. Specify most
important his sign diagnostically.
- Greasy type of kidneys
- Sclerosis of kidneys
- Renomegaly in sizes
- Compression of kidneys
+ Congo-mouth positive deposits in glomerulis
A man is 56 years bronchoscopy, during which a exophite tumour which narrows

the road clearance of bronchial tube on 2/3 is exposed in a left main bronchial
tube, is conducted; histological is a tumour is built from polymorphic ephithelial
cells with numerous pathological mitosises and hyperchromic kernels; tumours
cells form bars and nests eosinophile, concentric orientation the masses are
revealed in central parts of which. Diagnose a tumour.
- Planocellular non-keratinizing cancer
+ Planocellular keratinizing cancer
- big-celled cancer
- Small-celled cancer
- adeno-planocellular cancer
In the microslide of bioptate bronchial tube the acute plethora of vessels of
microvasculature is exposed with the fibrinoid changes and increase of
penetrability of their walls, serosal perivascular edema of mucous membrane and
submucous layer, mucous membrane, infiltrated by eosinophiles, basophiles,
lymphoid and plasmatic cells. The basale membrane of epithelium is incrassate
due to the edema, mucous glands in a state of hypersecretion with enhanceable
maintenance of glicoseaminoglicanes. What disease morphology of this immune
inflammation is related to?
+ Bronchial asthma
- Parainfluenza
- System red lupus
- Anaphylactic shock
- Whey illness
What changes in a heart develop at chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs.

- Atrophy of heart
- Obesity of heart
- Heart attack of myocardium
At a man 48 years [miner which obtained an anhydroferrite] on dissection found

out megascopic lungs, brown-red color. Microscopically: moderate
pneumosclerosis, submiliary and miliary knots, which consist of dustborne cells
with particles which give the positive reaction on iron. In lymphatic knots much
dusts and considerable diffuse sclerosis. What from the professional diseases does
the described picture correspond to?
+ Red siderosis
- Black siderosis
- Aluminiosis
- Berilliosis
- Antracosis
During necropsy miner which obtained an anhydroferrite, black lungs looking like
lungs at antracosiså are exposed. Microscopically: moderate pneumosclerosis,
submilliar and milliar knots which consist of dustborne cells with the particles of
ferrous dust in them [positive reaction on iron]. In lymphatic knots much dusts
and considerable diffuse sclerosis. Your diagnosis?
+ Black siderosis
- Red siderosis
- Aluminiosis
- Berilliosis
- Syndrome of Caplan [I.Caplan]
On a microscopic section at dying one all underbody of left lung of grey color
hepatic consistency, on a pleura scrap of yellow-grey thin tape. Etiology of
disease:
+ Streptococcus of pneumonia
- Thrombosis of the system of bronchial arteries
- Mycobacteria of tuberculosis
- Treponema pallidum
- Thrombosis of the system of pulmonary arteries
On dissection exposed, that all right lung is megascopic, dense, on the pleura of
deposit of fibrin, on a microscopic section tissue of grey color, which a turbid
liquid refluxs with. For what disease of lungs characteristic such picture?
- Hearth pneumonia
- Interstitial pneumonia
- Necropneumonia
On dissection of patient which a lot of years worked on a mine and died from
chronic pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, discovered, that lungs have little air,
considerably close-settled, sclerotic, apexes are emphisematous changed, surface
of black, on a microscopic section tissue of lungs of black. What illness did death
come from?
+ Antracosis
- Schistosis
- Talcosis
- Asbestosis
- Aluminiosis
At macroscopic research of tissue of lung, found out the areas of enhanceable

airness with in a number of bubbles by the diameter of 0,5-1,5 sm, and
histological thinning and break of alveolar partitions with formation of large
cavities of different form. What disease is discovered in a lung?
+ Emphysema of lungs
- Cavernous tuberculosis
On dissection in a lung found out plural hearths to 2,5 sm in the diameter of the
rounded form, dense, airless, without clear scopes bright red. At microscopic
research red corpuscles, two-bit of lymphocytes, are found in the road clearance
of teethridges. The described changes are characteristic for:
- Hemorragic heart attack of lung
- Aspiration pneumonia
On dissection of man 59 years, dying from chronic pulmonary-cardiac

insufficiency found out the following changes: lungs are megascopic, dense, little
airs, on a microscopic section the great number of the diffusely located knots of
whitish color concernes in them, 2-3 mm in a diameter. Microscopicaly knots are
presented by the concentric located collogens fibres. About what disease is it
possible to think?
+ Key form of schistosis
- Milliar white plague
- Small-celled pneumonia
- Metastases of tumour in lungs
In biopsy material of mucous membrane of bronchial tube at a patient a chronic

bronchitis found the areas of multi-layered flat non-kornify epithelium. Diagnose
a pathological process in the mucous membrane of bronchial tube.
+ Metaplasia
- Atrophy
- Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasy
- Dysplasy
A man, 62 years, died, because of decompensation of pulmonary heart, it was

found on a section, that lungs are megascopic in sizes, tissue of lungs contains
dense knots, oval form and darkly-grey or black color. Histological connecting
tissue and considerable accumulation of coniophages in the cytoplasm of which
there were the accumulations of exogenous pigment was revealed in knots.
Diagnose the disease.
+ Pneumoconiosis
- Hearth pneumonia
- Brown induration of lungs
- Pneumocirrosis
At a girl, 5 years after the carried pneumonia a gonalgia and slight swelling and
lower third of thigh appeared with local hyperemia. At morphological research
necrosis of tissues is exposed bones, accumulation of neutrophilic leucocytes,
subperiosteal abscesses, in nearby soft tissues is phlegmonous inflammation.
+ Acute hematogenous osteomielitis
- Chronic abscess
- Chronic hematogenous osteomielitis
- Tubercular osteomielitis
- Not hematogenous osteomielitis
A man, 47 years, entered diagnostic separation of profpathology for clarification

of character of pneumoconiosisà. At the study bioptate of lung is exposed a lot of
shallow granulosums, which subpleural is localized in interstitial tissue round
shallow vessels and bronchial tubes. Granulosums consist of epithelioid,
lymphoid, plasmatic cells and also cells as Langhanse or giant cells of foreign
bodies. In granulosums and into giant cells the needle-shaped crystalline
including of spicule is disposed) from 3 to 10 nm in length, which have double
refraction ability in the polarized light and consist of calcspar. The exposure of
these structures allowed to the doctor the diagnosis is:
+ Chronic beriliosis
- Acute beriliosis
- Asbestosis
- Antracosis
- Schistosis
On dissection of child, in age 5 years, which during all life suffered from acute
respirators infections, chronic bronchitis, pneumonias, and system defeat of
excretory glands, obturation atelectasiss and bronchoectases are exposed in lungs,
from the surface of microscopic section - thick festering-mucous mass refluxs.
Microscopically are the phenomena
festering bronchitis and pneumonia, shallow bronchoectases and abscesses. What
from the transferred diagnoses is most possible?
+ pulmonary form of mucoviscidosis
- bronchopneumonia
- bronchoectatic illness
- chronic pneumonia
- chronic bronchitis.
A man, 40 years suffered by a chronic bronchitis, died from exhaustion. On

dissection in lungs in the road clearance of bronchial tubes found out endophytic
excrescence of grey soft tissue. At microscopic research in the wall of bronchial
tube among excrescences of atipycal flat epithelium found out horny pearls. Your
diagnosis.
+ Planocellular cancer with the cornification
- Planocellular cancer without the cornification
- Adenocarcinome
- Apudoma
At dissection of dying from pneumonia of patient exposed, that the lower lobe of
right lung is dense, airless, on the microscopic section of grey color, on the
visceral pleura of imposition of fibrin. Specify most credible etiology of
pneumonia.
+ Pneumococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Mycoplasmous
- Viral
Man practising upon an alcohol, after supercooling became ill suddenly.

Diagnosed croupous pneumonia. Specify the type of this pneumonia on
prevalence of pulmonary defeat.
+ Part
- Polysegmental
- Pseudolobal
- Total interstitial
- Biside small-celled
At histological research of lungs of dying patient from cardiac insufficiency, the
hearths of inflammation are exposed with filling of teethridges by the liquid of
painted in a pink color, placed with the presence of thin pink filaments of
formative a small network with plenty of uninuclear, mainly shallow, round form
of cells.
Character of exsudate is which in lungs?
+ Serous-fibrinous
- Hemorragic
- Serosal
- Festering
- Fibrinous
At a man, 45 years, during the last 3 years disturbed a dry cough, the shortness of
breath, pulmonary insufficiency, rapid loss of weight, grew. On dissection a
pulmonary heart is set, In lungs plenty of cavities laciniate, containing air.
Acutely expressed fibrinosis of pulmonary tissue. Lungs as "honeycombs".
Histologicaly: interstitial fibrinosis with the expressed infiltration of strome by
lymphocytes, by plasmatic cells. Will you set a diagnosis?
- Post-inflammatory pneumosclerosis
- Chronic bullous emphysema
- Dustborne pneumosclerosis
In lungs of patient, which during 9 years worked as polishes of stone, discovered

shallow the round form dense knots consisting of connecting tissue. On periphery
of these knots macrophages is located. The display of what disease are there the
changes in lungs?
+ Schistosis
- Acute pneumonia
- Bronchial asthma
A patient, became ill acutely. Produced complaints about a chill, increase of

temperature to 40°C, head pain, cough, shortness of breath. On 5 day a patient
died. On dissection: lungs are megascopic in a volume, pied kind is "large pied
lung". For what disease such picture is characteristic in lungs?
+ Flu
- Adenoviral infection
- Bronchoectases
On necropsy man, 50 years, the following changes are exposed: right lung
moderate in all departments dense, on a microscopic section tissue airless, finely
grainy, dry. Visceral pleura with stratification of fibrin of grey-brown color. Will
you define a diagnosis?
- Tuberculosis
- Bronchopneumonia
- Pneumofibrosis
At a man dying from an asphyxia, and which a lot of years suffered on bronchial
asthma, at histological research of lungs exposed: in the road clearance of
bronchioles and shallow bronchial tubes there is a lot of mucus with the admixture
of eosinophiles, sclerosis of interalveolar partitions expansion of road clearances
of teethridges. What from the mechanisms of development of reaction of
hypersensitiveness takes place?
+ Reagine reaction
- Cytotoxic reaction
- Immunocomplex reaction
- Cytolysis conditioned by lymphocytes
- Granulomatosis
At a man, 45 years, during the last 3 years disturbed a dry cough, the shortness of
breath, pulmonary insufficiency rapid loss of weight, grew. On dissection is
pulmonary heart, in lungs acutely expressed fibrinosis, with the presence of
cavities of "honeycombs creating a picture". Histological: interstitial fibrinosis
with the expressed infiltration of strome of lymphohistiocytes with the admixture
of neutrophyles. Will you set a diagnosis?
- Post-inflammatory pneumosclerosis
- Chronic bullous emphysema
- Dustborne pneumosclerosis
A patient, 38 years, died during the attack of bronchial asthma. At histological

research in the road clearance of bronchial tubes found out the accumulations of
mucus, in the wall of bronchial tubes a lot of fat cells (labrocytes), many of their
in a state of degranulate, and also a lot of eosinophiles. Pathogeny of these
changes is which in bronchial tubes?
+ Atopy, anaphilaxy
- Cytotoxic, cytolytic action of antibodies
- Immunocomplex mechanism
- Cellular the conditioned cytolysis
- Granulomatosis
At histological research of lungs of patient dying from cardiac insufficiency, the

hearths of inflammation are exposed with filling of teethridges by the liquid
painted in a pink color, placed with the presence of thin pink filaments formative
a small network with the two-bit of lymphocytes. Character of exsudate is which
in lungs?
+ Serous-fibrinous
- Hemorragic
- Serosal
- Festering
- Fibrinous
At necropsy man with the malignant tumour of stomach dying from cancer
intoxication, in the back lower departments of lungs exposed dense grey-red color
of wrong form hearths which overflow above the surface of microscopic section.
Microscopically here an exsudate in which a lot of neutrophyles appears in a road
clearance, walls of shallow bronchial tubes and teethridges. What disease exposed
in lungs?
+ Acute festering bronchopneumonia
- Acute bronchitis
- Intermediate pneumonia
- Acute serosal bronchopneumonia
At dissection of dying from pneumonia of patient exposed, that the lower lobe of
right lung is dense, airless, on the microscopic section of grey color, on the
visceral pleura of imposition of fibrin. Specify most credible etiology of
pneumonia.
+ Pneumococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Mycoplasmous
- Viral
A man, 40 years, suffered by a chronic bronchitis, died from exhaustion. On

dissection in lungs in the road clearance of bronchial tubes found out endophytic
excrescence of grey soft tissue. At microscopic research of this tissue among
excrescences of atipycal flat epithelium found out horny pearls. Your diagnosis is.
+ Planocellular cancer with the cornification
- Planocellular cancer without the cornification
- Adenocarcinome
- Nonidentified cancer
- Apudoma
Man, 63 years, which in the flow 15 years suffered by chronic diffuse obstructive
emphysema of lungs, died from making progress cardiac insufficiency. On
dissection a muscat hepatocirrhosis, cianotic induration of kidneys and spleen,
hydroperitoneum, edemata of lower extremities, is exposed. For what as cardiac
insufficiency characteristic these changes in internalss?
+ Chronic right ventricle insufficiency
- Acute right ventricle insufficiency
- Chronic left ventricle insufficiency
- Acute left ventricle insufficiency
- General cardiac insufficiency
At macroscopic research of tissue of lung, found out the areas of enhanceable

airiness with the presence of shallow bubbles, and histological thinning and break
of alveolar partitions with formation of large cavities of different form. What
disease is discovered in a lung?
- Cavernous tuberculosis
At a patient 49 years, long suffering by a chronic destructive festering bronchitis,

polyorgan insufficiency developed. At autopsy discovered: cardiomegaly, greasy
kidney sago spleen. What process complicated the flow of bronchitis?
- Senile lardaceous
- Tumular lardaceous
- Primary lardaceous
- Widespread hyalinosis
A patient in the flow of many years suffered by bronchoectatic illness, died
because of uremia. On dissection found out megascopic, dense kidneys, greasy
kind on a microscopic section. What disease do such changes correspond to?
+ Lardaceous of kidneys
- Pyelonephritis
- Arterioles nephrosclerosis
At bronchoscopy at a patient, 62 years, in the initial department of top lobe

bronchial tube of right lung found out polypoid formation by a diameter to 1,0
sm. At histological research a tumour, which is built from shallow lymphocyte-
like cells, with hyperchromic kernels is exposed, cells grow by layers and fibers.
Specify, what from the transferred types of tumours most reliable?
+ Undifferentiated small-celled cancer
- Undifferentiated big-celled cancer
- Adenocarcinome
- Adeno-planocellular cancer
At a patient suffering long time by a chronic bronchitis, chronic cardiac

insufficiency developed. On dissection in lungs: emphysema and
pneumosclerosis. What changes in a heart develop in this case?
- Acardiotrophia
On dissection exposed, that a left lung is megascopic in sizes, dense, there is
imposition of fibrin on a visceral pleura, on a microscopic section - grey color,
from his surface refluxs turbid grey is yellow liquid. What disease is the question
about?
- Hearth pneumonia
- Cancer of lung
?
At a woman 38 years, after supercooling a chill, high temperature, cough, acute
pains, appeared in a thorax, at breathing. Death trod on 5th days. On dissection
the lower lobe of right lung is megascopic, dense, on the microscopic section of
grey color with a grainy surface, on the pleura of grey color membrane
impositions. What disease was at a patient?
- Bronchopneumonia
- Caseous pneumonia
At a 45-years-old patient which acutely became ill by pneumonia, the edema of

lungs developed on the 6th day of illness, what became reason of death. It is
found on dissection, that all overhead part of right lung is staggered: megascopic,
dense, on a pleura with fibrinous stratifications, on the microscopic section of
grey color, a turbid liquid refluxs from the surface of microscopic section.
Microscopically: in the road clearance of teethridges is fibrin, neutrophyles,
macrophages, hemolized red corpuscles. Specify, what pneumonia was at a
patient?
- Viral pneumonia
- Respirator syndrome of adults
A 42-years-old man, became ill acutely after supercooling. The disease was
accompanied by cordially-respiratory insufficiency which he died from. During
dissection exposed, that all right lung is megascopic, hepatic closeness, heavy; on
a pleura are considerable fibrinous impositions. On a microscopic section lung of
grey color, grainy, a turbid liquid refluxs from a surface. At histological research
is acute inflammation with a presence in the road clearance of teethridges of
purulent- fibrinous exsudate. What from the transferred diagnoses most reliable?
- Hearth pneumonia
- Interstitial interalveolar pneumonia
- Staphylococcus pneumonia
- Idiopathic fibrozing alveolitis
At a child 8 years the signs of pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, difficulty in

breathing, fingers as drumsticks, nails as sentinels glasses, cough, are expressed
with the far of festering sputum (especially in the morning) At the x-ray research
acute expansion of road clearance of bronchial tubes is exposed. The diagnosis is?
- Bronchial asthma
- Bronchopneumonia
?
At a patient with pulmonary pathology on dissection a cavity with close-settled
walls, gap-filling by the thick liquid of greenish color, is exposed, with an
unpleasant smell. The diagnosis is.
+ Abscess of lungs
- Gangrene of lungs
- Heart attack of lungs
- Cavity of lungs
- Tuberculome of lungs
?
Man 52 years, profession is gas-arc welder, on 10 days of treatment of acute
lung found out a cavity wrong the round form about 5 sm in a diameter,
containing a pus and reported with a bronchial tube. What complication of acute
pneumonia takes place at a patient?
+ Abscess of lung
- Necropneumonia
- Acute bronchitis
At microscopic research of bioptate from lungs atypical cells which form plural
acinalstructures and product mucus are exposed. What histological form of cancer
of lungs takes place at a patient?
+ High-differentiated adenocarcinome
- Moderato differentiated adenocarcinome
- Glandular squame cell cancer
Patient, 24 years, from little up suffers by rheumatism, clinically diagnosed mitral

stenocosis. Last years frequent cases of cardiovascular insufficiency, almost
permanent cough with a ferruginous sputum. Name the possible changes in lungs
in this patient.
+ Brown compression of lungs
- Pneumosclerosis
- Bronchoectases
At a patient as a result of obturation of mediolobular bronchial tube the atelectasis
of middle lobe of right lung appeared by the knot of soft tissues. At
bronchobiopsy in the area of obturation excrescences of adenous atypical
epithelium are exposed with pathological mitosises, what germinates in subject to
tissue and cartilage. What disease does these information answer for most certain?
+ Bronchogenic cancer of lungs
- Deforming a bronchitis
- Inflammatory polypus
- Dysplasy of epithelium of bronchial tube
- Sarcoma of bronchial tube
At dissection a dissector exposed, that lungs are megascopic in sizes, pale, soft
consistency, don't fade, is microscopic section with a crunch. Microscopically is
expansion of alveolar tuber, interalveolar partitions thin, is signs of intracapillar
sclerosis. What disease of lungs a such morphological picture is characteristic
for?
+ Emphysema
- Pneumosclerosis
- Pneuomothorax
- Atelectasis
- Pneumonia
In biopsy materia of bronchial tube of patient abusing to smoking, in an incrassate

mucous membrane chronic inflammation and transformation of monolayer
mucociliary is exposed in a multi-layered flat epithelium. What from processes
most credible?
+ Metaplasia
- Hyperplasy of epithelium
- Leucoplacy
- Hypertrophy of epithelium
During dissection the large tapered hearth of crimson, dense tissue is exposed in
the overhead lobe of right lung. At histological research necrosis of walls of
teethridges is exposed in her, the road clearance of teethridges is densely filled by
red corpuscles. What process developed in lungs?
+ Hemorragic heart attack of lungs
- Carnification of lungs
- Gangrene of lungs
- Hemorrhage in a lung
At a patient high temperature, shortness of breath, pain, in the right half of thorax.
During pleura punction 700ml of creamy liquid of chlor color is remote. Most
reliable diagnosis:
+ Empyema of pleura
- Carcinomatosis of pleura
- Serosal pleurisy
- Hemorragic pleurisy
On dissection of patient 65 years, which died from chronic cardiac insufficiency

as a result of rheumatic heart-disease, lungs of brown color, megascopic in sizes,
are close-settled. How does name such changes in lungs?
+ Brown induration of lungs
- Muscat lungs
- Cellular lungs
- Chronic emphysema
At dissection of man 34th years, dying from chronic kidney insufficiency in

connection with the lardaceous of kidneys, a pathologist in lungs discovered
mainly in lower lobes are plural diffuse expansions of bronchial tubes in the road
clearances of which festering content. The surface of microscopic section of lungs
has a small-celled kind, reminds bees honeycombs. Histological in a wall of
bronches - chronic inflammation, substituted for elastic and muscle fibres by
connecting tissue. These changes in a lung a doctor considered as:
+ Bronchoectases
- Bronchopneumonia
- Chronic pneumonia
On dissection of patient 42th years, suffering by a chronic diffuse bronchitis and

dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, discovered large, enhanceable
airness lungs, which by the edges cover mediastinum, paste together not, pale-
grey color, is microscopic section with a crunch, at pressing on by a finger on-the-
spot lungs there is a fossula. From the road clearance of bronchial tubes a
mucous-festering exsudate is selected. Set a diagnosis.
+ Chronic diffuse obstructive emphysema of lungs
- Chronic hearth emphysema
- Interstitial emphysema
- Primary idiopatic emphysema
- Vicarian scray emphysema
?
A man in age 42 years, died at the syndrome of the expressed intoxication and
respiratory insufficiency. On a microscopic section tissue of lungs in all
departments pied, with plural small hemorrhages and hearths of emphysema.
Histological in lungs: hemorragic bronchopneumonia with abscess creation, in the
cytoplasm of cells of epithelium of bronchial tubes eosinophile and basophile
includings. Diagnose the disease exposed on a section.
+ Flu
- Parainfluenza
- Adenoviral infection
At a patient 53th years, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness
hemoptysis, the edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back, in urine
protein of 33mg/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding. Results of autopsy:
kidneys are megascopic in a volume, close-settled, the surface of microscopic
section has a greasy kind. Histological the deposit is marked in glomerulis and on
motion of tubulis of homogeneous eosinophilic the masses which are
preferentially painted Congo-Roth and give a metachromasia with methyl violet.
What pathological process takes place in kidneys in this case?
+ Lardaceous
- Hyalinosis
- Fatty dystrophy
- Mucoid swelling
At a patient, 67 years, with the clinical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis,

pneumosclerosisà, pneumocardial insufficiency, biotate is taken from the
suspicious area of mucous right bronchial tube. Histological cellular and tissue
atypia is set, appearance of structures as "cancers pearls". What pathological
process do the noted histological changes answer?
+ Planocellular cancer of bronchial tube with the cornification
- Chronic polipous bronchitis
- Bronchoectasis
- Acute bronchitis
- Planocellular metaplasia of mucous of bronchial tube
?
At a patient dying in 3 weeks from the beginning of pneumonia, the lower lobe of
right lung is acutely megascopic, dense, airless, grey, with impositions of fibrin
on pleura. At a microscopy a fibrin and microxyphil leucocytes is exposed in all
teethridges of this lobe. Your diagnosis:
- Hearth bronchopneumonia
On dissection of man dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, 47 years, the

cavity(measuring 4x4), filled by a pus, is found in a left lung, wall scalloped,
uneven, presented by pulmonary tissue. More reliable than all this:
+ Acute abscess
- Chronic abscess
- Tuberculosis of cavity
- Echinococcosis
A patient with 30-years-old experience of work in a mine, died from increasing

pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency. On dissection lungs are megascopic in sizes,
dense consistency, on a microscopic section in them plenty of knots by sizes in
millet corns and (anymore), dense greyish and greyish-black color, placed knots
meet in more large areas. Name the most credible disease:
+ Anthracosilicosis
- Asbestosis
- Alluminiosis
- Beriliosis
- Siderosis
In anamnesis at a patient, 62 years, from little up chronic inflammatory illness of

lungs. A sputum is scanty, white. A patient got in a hospital with the signs of
pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency and at growth to the last died. What changes
in a heart were found on dissection?
+ Hypertrophy and dilatation right ventricle
- Dilatation both ventricles
At dying, 58 years, on dissection a mitral valve is deformed, incrassate, does not
close up fully. Microscopically in collogens fibres found out eosinophile hearths
which give the positive reaction on a fibrin. More reliable than all this:
+ Fibrinoid swelling
- Mucoid swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Lardaceous
At necropsy patient, dying from pulmonary insufficiency found out a megascopic

lung with the hearths of crimson, pink-yellow color "large pied lung" necrotizing
tracheobronchitis. What disease did a patient suffer by?
- Caseous pneumonia
At a patient suffering by a chronic glomerulonephritis, on a background chronic

kidney insufficiency a cough appeared with discharge of mucous sputum. At
bronchoscopy mucous membrane of bronchial tubes sanguineous, dropsical, with
shallow hemorrhages. In the road clearance of bronchial tubes a lot of mucus. Set
a process at bronchial tubes.
- Ulcerous bronchitis
- Catarrhal-festering bronchitis
A patient, 67 years, had the heavy form of flu with a fatal outcome. On a section
the changes were discovered in lungs on the type of "large pied lungs". At
microscopic research exposed: acute plethora of vessels, hemorrhage, edema of
pulmonary tissue, in the road clearance of bronchial tubes and teethridges an
exsudate to what contains red corpuscles mainly. What character of lungs fever do
these morphological signs testify to?
+ Hemorragic bronchopneumonia
- Catarrhal bronchopneumonia
- Festering bronchopneumonia
- Desquamative bronchopneumonia
- Fibrinous pneumonia
As a result of histological research of bioptate from the wall of bronchial tube of

patient a chronic bronchitis in a mucous layer exposes excrescences of
granulation tissue, which overflow above the surface of mucous layer and contain
diffuse inflammatory infiltrate. What type of bronchitis is observed at a patient?
+ Chronic polipous bronchitis
- Chronic mucous-festering bronchitis
- Chronic mucous bronchitis
- Chronic festering bronchitis
- Chronic deforming a bronchitis
At necropsy patient suffering by croupous pneumonia and dying from a

pneumococcus sepsis, there was 900ml of turbid green- yellow liquid in a right
pleura cavity. The sheets of pleura are dim, sanguineous. Name the clinic-
morphological form of inflammation in a pleura cavity.
+ Empyema
- Phlegmon
- Chronic abscess
- Acute abscess
At necropsy miner working in a mine more than 10 years in a lung bars of fibred
tissue and knots are exposed 0,2-0,3 sm in a diameter. At histological research in
knots two-bit of brownish dust, concentric excrescences of connecting tissue poor
by cells, with the expressed hyalinosis. About what pneumoconiosiså is it
necessary to think in this case?
+ Schistosis
- Talcosis
- Asbestosis
- Siderosis
- Berilliosis
At a patient high temperature, shortness of breath, pain, in right part of thorax.

Pleural punction gave 700 ml of the viscid liquid of yellow-green color. What
pathological process developed in a pleura cavity?
+ Empyema of pleura
- Bronchopneumonia
- mucous pleurisy
- Hemorrhagic pleurisy
- Carcinomatosis of pleura
A patient which suffered by chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs, died from

pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency. What changes can be exposed in a heart?
- Lardaceous
- Large cardiosclerosis
- Break of heart
Person, 19 years, suffered from babyhood by bronchoectatic illness. Died from

kidney insufficiency. On dissection except for the plural bronchoectatic cavities
filled by a festering exsudate, the kidneys of dense consistency, megascopic in
sizes are exposed, a crust layer is incrassate, white color, dense. The pyramids of
kidney are anaemic, clear. To name a process, what developed in kidneys?
- Innate cystosis kidneys
- Secondary nephrosclerosis
On necropsy man by age 58 years, which long time used the far of alcohol and
died at home, it was found: macroscopically is right lung dense and megascopic
in sizes, tissue on the microscopic section of grey color homogeneous, a pleura is
covered by greyish pellicles stratifications; microscopically is the cavity of
teethridges contains filaments to the fibrin, hemolized red corpuscles. Diagnose
the disease.
- Hearth pneumonia
- Primary white plague
- Caseous pneumonia
At a 45-years-old man, which acutely became ill by pneumonia, the edema of

lungs, becoming direct reason of death, developed on the 6th day of illness. On
dissection: all overhead lobe of right lung is staggered - megascopic, dense, with
fibrinous stratifications on a pleura, on a microscopic section - grey color, a turbid
liquid refluxs from the surface of microscopic section. Microscopically: a fibrin,
neutrophyles, macrophages, hemolized red corpuscles, concerne in the road
clearance of teethridges. What pneumonia was at a patient?
+ Croupous.
- Staphylococcus bronchopneumonia.
- Viral.
- Hypostatic.
- Interstitial.
On necropsy man, 58 years, which practised long time upon an alcohol and died
at home, it was exposed: macroscopically is right lung dense and megascopic in
sizes, tissue on the microscopic section of grey color, homogeneous, a pleura is
covered by greyish pellicles stratifications; microscopically are the road
clearances of
teethridges contain the filaments of fibrin, haemolyzed red corpuscles. Diagnose
the disease.
+ Croupous pneumonia.
- Hearth pneumonia.
- Interstitial pneumonia.
- Primary white plague.
- Caseous pneumonia.
On necropsy man with the malignant tumour of stomach, which died from cancer
intoxication, in the back lower departments of lungs exposed dense grey-red
color, wrong form hearths, which overflow above the surface of microscopic
section. Microscopically in a road clearance, walls of shallow bronchial tubes and
teethridges is exsudate rich in neutrophiles. Name the exposed disease.
- Interstitial pneumonia.
- Acute bronchitis.
- Croupous pneumonia.
+ Acute festering bronchopneumonia.
- Acute serosal bronchopneumonia.
At histological research of bioptate wall of bronchial tube of patient with a

chronic bronchitis excrescences of granulation tissue, which overpeer above his
surface and contain diffuse inflammatory infiltrate, are exposed in a mucous
layer. What type of bronchitis at a patient?
- Chronic deforming.
- Chronic mucous-festering.
- Chronic mucous.
- Chronic festering.
+ Chronic poliposis.
A patient suffering by chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs died from

pulmonary-cardiac
insufficiency. What changes can be discovered in a heart?
- Lardaceous.
- Hypertrophy of left ventricle of heart.
+ Hypertrophy of right ventricle of heart.
- Large cardiosclerosis.
- Break of heart.
In anamnesis at a patient, 62 years, from little up are chronic inflammatory illness

of lungs. A sputum is wretched, white. A patient entered hospital with the signs of
pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency, which became direct reason of death. What
changes in a heart were exposed on dissection?
- A heart not is macroscopically changed.
- Hypertrophy and dilatation of left ventricle.
- Hypertrophy of both ventricles.
- Dilatation of both ventricles.
+ Hypertrophy and dilatation of right ventricle.
At a patient with bronchial asthma the viral infectioning provoked asthmatic

status with a mortal end. At histological research of lungs a spasm and edema of
bronchioles is exposed, in their
walls is the expressed infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophiles and other
leucocytes, and also degranulate of labrocytes. What mechanism of
hypersensitiveness is the question about?
- Inflammatory.
+ Reagine reactions of hypersensitiveness.
- Autoimmune.
- Immunocomplex.
- Immune cellular cytolysis.
On autopsy: lungs are megascopic, pale, soft consistency, paste together not, is
microscopic section with a crunch.
Microscopically is expansion of alveolar tubes, interalveolar partitions thin, signs
of intracapillar sclerosis. What disease of lungs a such morphological picture is
characteristic for?
- Pneumonias.
- Pneumosclerosisà.
- Pneuomothoraxà.
- Atelectasis.
+ Emphysema.
At a patient because of obturation of medium bronchial tube the atelectasis of

middle lobe of right lung appeared by the knot of soft tissues. At bronchobiopsy
in the area of obturation excrescences of ferrous atipycal epithelium are exposed
with pathological mitosises, which germinates subject to tissue and cartilage.
What disease do these syndrome most correspond to?
- Inflammatory polypus.
- Deforming a bronchitis.
+ Bronchogenic cancer of lungs.
- Dysplasy of epithelium of bronchial tube.
- Sarcoma of bronchial tube.
A man of 68 years old, who had been suffering from emphysema of lungs for the
last 15 years, suddenly died of acute cardiac insufficiency. On the dissection of
the defunct, the lungs are enlarged, cover with their edges the anterior
mediastinum, blown out, pale, soft, don’t deflate, are dissected with a crunch;
from the lumen of bronchial tubes, their walls are thickened, of grey color,a
mucopurulent exudate is squeezed out. What the most probable type of
emphysema did a patient have?
+ Chronic obstructive emphysema
– Perifocal emphysema
– Vicarial emphysema
– Senile emphysema
– Idiopathic emphysema
A patient died of increasing pneumo-cardiac insufficiency. At the histological
research is discovered a diffuse lesion of lungs with an interstitial edema, the
infiltration of interstitial tissue by lymphocytes, macrophages, plasmocytes;
pneumofibrosis, emphysema. Your diagnosis.
+ Fibrosing alveolitis
– Chronic bronchitis
– Bronchopneumonia
– Atelectasis
– Bronchial asthma
A patient of 70 years old, suffering on a chronic bronchitis for a long time, died of
increasing pneumo-cardiac insufficiency. At the pathohistological research is
discovered: the lungs are increased in sizes, turgid, pale. There is an inflammatory
infiltrate, a plenty of scyphoid cells in the mucus membrane of bronchi, the
proximal departments of acini are sharply extended. Your diagnosis.
At the postmortem dissection of the patient, who has died of bilateral

bronchopneumonia, is found out a cavity of 5 cm in diameter, filled with liquid
yellow-white masses in the lower part of the left lung. What sequela has
developed at this type of pneumonia?
+ Abscess
– Gangrene
– Granuloma
– Sequestrum
– Tuberculoma
A man of 60 years old was anxious for pneumococcal pleuropneumonia and died
of cardiovascular inefficiency and intoxication. At the postmortem dissection: in
the middle lobe of right lung has been found out of shape cavity of the size of
5x5x7 cm and with unequal scalloped edges, filled with yellow-green viscous
mass. Around the cavity, the pulmonary tissue of the whole lobe is dense, of grey
color without a vesicular structure. What sequelae of pleuropneumonia did arise
up in the middle lobe of right lung?
+ Acute abscess
– Chronic abscess
– Acute cavern
– Chronic cavern
– Cyst
At the necropsy of a woman with a malignant tumour of large intestine, who has
died of cancerous intoxication, in the low-back departments of lungs are found
dense of gray-red color out of shape cells, without chiselled borders, that
overhang the surface of discission. Microscopically, in the lumen of small bronchi
and alveoli is defined a serous-leukocytic exudate with the admixture of mucus.
Which pathology of lungs had the patient?
+ Acute bronchopneumonia
– Acute bronchitis
– Croupous pneumonia
– Intermediate pneumonia
– Acute venous hyperemia
At the necropsy of a patient, who has died in a result of increasing pulmonary

insufficiency, were found out the followings changes: lungs are of red color,
dense, airless, remind a liver in density. Microscopically: there is a great
accumulation of erythrocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the alveoles,
between the cells are filaments of fibrin. Your diagnosis.
– Viral hemorrhagic pneumonia
– Gangrene of lungs
– Peripheral cancer of lungs
– Cirrhotic tuberculosis
At the dissection is found out an area of the destroyed tissue of red color in the
left lung. An area has a form of a cone, distinctly circumscribed from a healthy
tissue; the main area is faced to the pleura. The tissue of the area is dense, grainy,
and crimson. Your diagnosis.
+ hemorrhagic infarct
– abscess of lung
– Gangrene of lung
– Primary tubercular affect
– Croupous pneumonia
The patient, who had suffered from the disease of lungs for a long time, died of
increasing pulmonary heart disease. At the necropsy, the lungs are increased in
volume, don’t deflate. On a discission the tissue reminds a sponge; the large
bullous formations are defined against its background. Microscopically is noticed:
a considerable dilating of alveoles and a breakage of interalveolar septums.
Indicate the type of pulmonary pathology.
– Pneumosclerosis
– Pneumonia
At the necropsy of a patient, who has died of pulmonary heart is discovered a

purulent exudate in the lumen of bronchial tubes and a hypertrophy of right
departments of heart. Histologically is defined a hypertrophy of mucous glands,
lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory infiltration of mucus membrane of bronchial
tubes, peribronchial sclerosis. Indicate the most firm diagnosis.
+ Chronic bronchitis
– Pneumonia
– Pneumosclerosis
– Emphysema of lungs
The upper lobe of the right lung is enlarged, grey and airless, the inscisi-on
surface is dripping with turbid liquid, the pleura has many fibrinogenous films;
microscopical, examination of alveoles revealed exudate containing neutrophils,
desquamated alveolocytes and fibrin fibers. The bronchus wall is intact. What is
the most probable diagnosis?
– Focal pneumonia
– Interstitial pneumonia
– Influenzal pneumonia
– Pulmonary abscess
A patient ill with thrombophlebitis of rns lower limbs had chest pain, blood
spitting, progressing respiratory insufficiency that led to his death. Autopsy
diagnosed multiple lung infarctions. What is the most probable cause of their
development?
– Thrombosis of pulmonary artery branches
– Thrombosis of pulmonary veins
+ Thromboembolism of pulmonary artery branches
– Thromboembolism of bronchial arteries
– Thrombosis of bronchial arteries
A patient died from cardiopulmonary decompensation. Histological examination

revealed diffused pulmonary lesion together with interstitial edema, infiltration of
tissue by limphocytes, macrophages, plasmocytes; pulmonary fibrosis, panacinar
emphysema. What disease corresponds with the described picture?
+ Fibrosing alveolitis
– Pulmonary atelectasis
Autopsy of a man who had been working as a miner for many years and died from
cardiopulmonary decompensation revealed that his lungs were airless, sclerosed,
their apexex had emphysematous changes, the lung surface was greyish-black, the
incised lung tissue was coal-black. What disease caused death?
– Talcosis
+ Anthracosis
– Silicosis
– Aluminosis
– Asbestosis
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
On examination the pharynx of patient, who is ill with quinsy is determined

hyperemia of mucous membrane
of palate, tonsils are enlarged, red, on their
surfaces are small noticeable white-yellow centers. Name clinically-
morphological
variant of quinsy.
- Catarrhal
+ Purulent
- Fibrinous
- Lacunar
- Necrotic
Man of 63 years, suffers from the cancer of gullet, metastases in lymphatic

nodules of mediastenum, cancer cachexy. What pathogenetic stage of
tumourous process does man have?
- progression
- Transformation
- generalization
- promotion
+ metastasis
Woman, 67 years of old, suffers from the cancer of stomach with metastases in
liver. What
property of tumourous cells is predetermined by their capacity for metastasizing?
- autocrinity
- autonomy
- quick growth
+ infiltrative growth
- atypizmus
On dissection the man of 49 years, that entered in-patient department with a

clinical presentation of
hepar-seeking intoxication and died suddenly, a liver is enlarged, flabby,
yellow-brown color; on the surface of cut of liver and blade of
knife the drops of fat are noticeable. Microscopically: hepatocytes of peripheries
of classic
hepatic lobules contain many small drops which fulfill
cytoplasm and push aside a nuclear on periphery. What process does the
most probable to take a place in a liver?
- Gangliosidelipidosis (They-Saxon disease)
-Cerebrolipidosis (Goshen disease)
- Sphingomyelinizinlipidosis (Neumann-Pick disease)
+ lipid dystrophy of liver
- generalized gangliosidosis (Norman-Landing disease)
At patient by ulcerous illness of stomach, that was complicated by a stomach

haemorrhage bleeding,
vomitive masses was coloured in an umber color, that is
described as vomiting by "coffee-grounds". Presence of what pigment
in vomitive masses does determine their colour?
+ hydrochloricyacid haematyne
- Haemoglobin
- Bilirubin
- Akrolein (achrylaldehyde)
- ferrum sulphide
For a woman, 46 years of old, during a palliative operation concerning the cancer
of stomach
the presence of Kruckenberg metastases in ovaries, is determined ('Kruckenberg
cancer of ovaries"). What from the established ways of metastasis did result in the
defeat of ovaries?
- hematogenic
- lymphogenic orthograde
+ lymphogenic retrograde
- Implant
- canalicular
On dissection the woman of 42 years, is found an extraordinarily acute bulge of

mucous membrane of all departments of stomach, which acquired a "carriage-
way view". Microscopically mucous membrane is infiltrated by lymphocytes,
epithelium, plasmatic and giant cells; hyperplasia of
glands. What disease do the detected changes testify to?
+ Menetrier's disease
- Chronic superficial gastritis
- Chronic atrophic gastritis
- Diffuse cancer of stomach
- acute catarrhal gastritis
The most important foretumour process in a stomach is:

+ Atrophic autoimmunitive gastritis
- Chronic hyperacid gastritis
- Ulcerous illness of stomach
- helicobacterious gastritis
- Erosive gastritis
At patient of 49 years, a subhepatic (mechanical) icterus is diagnosed.

By the most probable consequence of this pathological process
is necessary to consider:
- portal cirrhosis
+ biliary cirrhosis
- postnecrotic cirrhosis
- discirculatory cirrhosis
- alimentary cirrhosis
On dissection the liver died 62 years, is found the hearths of dissociation of tissue
by a diameter 4 sm, filled by the liquid of yellow-green color.
Most credible diagnosis:
- phlegmon
+ abscess
- carbuncle
- empyema
- granuloma
At patient during an operation concerning chronic appendicitis

excrescences of mucous-like tissue on a peritoneum are detected. Appendix is
cystically extended, filled by mucous masses. Specify
most credible disease.
- Phlegmonous appendicitis
- Pertaining to apostema appendicitis
- Primary gangrenous appendicitis
+ Mucocele of vermicular appendix
- False appendicitis
Criterion, which allows to talk about a chronic ulcer in the stage of
healing is:
- presence of scar tissue is in the bottom of ulcer
- presence of granulation tissue is in the bottom of ulcer
+ Epithelization of scar
- Complete renewal of mucous membrane is in the area of ulcerous defect
- Absence of lymphoid infiltration is in edges and bottom of ulcer
In tissue sampling of mucous membrane of stomach diminishing of amount of

glands of connecting tissue is detected. Reserved glands are placed in groups,
their channels are extended. Mucous membrane is infiltrated lymphocytes,
plasmatic
cells, single neutrophils. In gastric glands are goblet
cells and Panetis cells. What is your diagnosis?
+ Chronic atrophic gastritis
- Epidermoid cancer of stomach
- mucous-epidermoid cancer of stomach
- Menetrier's disease
Patient of 64 years, first signs of disease as a weakness and pain

in right hypogastrium noticed 2 months prior to hospitalization. In in-patient
hospital were
marked: cachexy, ascites, yellow colour of skin and sclera. Patient died.
During dissection: on small curvature of gaster productions
as a polypus on a thick stalk was found. A liver is very dense, its surface
is small-grained, left lobe is presented by nidal whitish excrescences
of a dense consistency, which are confluent. In lower third of gullet
varix dilatation of veins. Aortic atherosclerosis. Ischemic brain edema. Your
diagnosis?
- Progressing advanced portal cirrhosis of liver
- Cancer of stomach with metastases in a liver
- Chronic hepatitis
- Postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver
+ Cancer of liver on a background of a portal cirrhosis
Patient of 42 years, last two years was treated from chronic alcoholism.
Nowadays complains on a rapid loss of weight, itch of skin, increase of
volume of stomach (drum belly), breathlessness, dull pain in right hypogastrium.
Macroscopically:
liver is small sizes, dense, knobby. Paracenteticl biopsy of
liver: hydropic and ballooning dystrophy of hepatic cells, separate
focuses of necroses. There are hyaline little corpuscles of Mellori. In hepatic
lobules are wedged wide fibrous excrescences which separate
parenchyma on "false lobules". Along cholangiols active
proliferation of cells is observed, placed with formation of small granulomas.
Your diagnosis?
- Chronic alcoholic hepatitis
- Chronic cholangitis
- cholangiocellullar cancer
+ Portal cirrhosis of liver
- Toxic dystrophy of liver
Metabolism of substances in a liver in elderly age:

+ Slowed
- Does not change
- Accelerated on 10 %
- Changes only wile disease
- Accelerated on 20 %
During dissection body of died the metastases of cancer are detected in a liver.
If considering that speech goes about the primary metastases of hematogenic
genesis,
what is localization of primary tumour?
- Lungs
+ Stomach
- Mammary gland
- Larynx
- Kidneys
In paracenteticl tissue sampling of a liver there was found pronounced

vacuolar and lardaceous (fatty) dystrophy of hepatocytes, its piecemeal
necroses in all of portal
tracts, porto-portal and porto-central bridge-like necroses,
portal and periportal sclerosis with pronounced mainly
lymphocyte infiltration, chains of lymphocytes in lobules. Choose
a
most correct diagnosis.
- Chronic hepatitis C with moderate activity
- Chronic hepatitis C with weak activity
+ Chronic hepatitis C with pronounced activity
- Hepatitis A
- Cirrhosis of liver
In paracentetic tissue sampling of liver vacuolar dystrophy of hepatocytes is

found, its piecemeal
and bridge-like necroses, portal and periportal
sclerosis with formation of interlobular crypts, moderate lympho-histiocytic
infiltration, disorder of beam and lobular structures with formation of
false lobules, regenerative nodules. Choose the most right diagnosis.
- Chronic hepatitis with the moderately expressed activity
- Chronic hepatitis with the poorly expressed activity
- Chronic hepatitis with the high degree of activity
- Acute hepatitis
+ Cirrhosis of liver on a background of active hepatitis
Patient of 32 years, suffering in a flow 8 years by ulcerous illness of stomach,

delivered in a surgical department with complaints about abrupt pain in
epigastric area, cold sweat, pallor of skin covers.
Sharp tension the muscles of front abdominal wall is marked. At laparotomy
a defect in the wall of pyloric segment of stomach is found out. Peritoneum is
dim, of greasy-grey color with a rather yellow-grey outputs.
What complication of ulcerous illness of stomach did develop at patient?
- Phlegmon of wall of stomach
- Bleeding
- Penetration
- Perigastritis
+ Perforation
In a surgical department the woman of 32 years, is delivered with complaints on

sharp paroxysmal pains in right lower part of stomach, disorder
chair, nausea, vomiting. A patient is operated, vermicular appendix of
caecum is slightly enlarged,12 sm long, twisted, in the mucous membrane
in the distal portion on a small area, small defect of epithelium of a three-cornered
form is presented. Serous membrane is dim, sanguineous.
Name the form of disease.
- Simplex appendicitis
+ Superficial appendicitis
- Primary gangrenous appendicitis
- Secondary gangrenous appendicitis
Patient, 59 years, during great while suffers from chronic

alcoholism. After usage of large doses of alcohol repeatedly
an icterus was marked. At frequent research of biopsy material of liver the
repeated attacks of alcoholic hepatitis were diagnosed.
At macroscopic research liver is of yellow colour of dense
consistence, the edge of it is sharp, the surface of liver is uneven, with great
number of
small nodules. About what disease is it necessary to think?
- Cancer of liver
- Subacute dystrophy of liver
- Chronic hepatitis
+ Cirrhosis of liver
- Acute hepatitis
At patient with the bloody vomiting on an operation there is found an ulcer in a

stomach, that penetrates in the muscular layer,
. The edges of ulcer are dense, in bottom is a
bleeding vessel. At cytobiopsy in edges and bottom of ulcer scar tissue is
detected. What is it an ulcer?
- Penetrating ulcer
- Acute bleeding ulcer
+ Chronic bleeding ulcer
- Perforated gastric ulcer
- Malignant ulcer
At a patient with increased level of antibodies to the parietal cells of stomach

at endoscopic gastrobiopsy is detected chronic atrophic stomach
gastritis. Name the basic mechanism of development of such gastritis.
+ Autoimmune
- Bacterial
- refluxed
- Toxic
- Inflammatory
A woman of 33 years, was in a gastroenterology department with a diagnosis:
acute gastritis. Endoscopic picture - great number of ulcers 1 cm in diameter are
detected on small curvature of stomach. Histological in gastrobiopsy:
the mucous membrane superficial defect, covered with deep-grey
necrotic masses; at back of this defect there is tissues' plethora and edema, clump
of small cells with considerably hyperchromic nuclears.
What type of inflammation do the detected changes in
stomach wall indicate of?:
- Exudative inflammation
- Proliferative inflammation
+ Alternative inflammation
- Hyperplasia
- Regeneration
During dissection the man, 38 years of old, that was abusing

alcohol for a long time, and died in result of subtotal pancreatonecrosis, the
followings macroscopic changes of a liver were found: increase of sizes, surface
is smooth, tissue is flabby, yellow; microscopically:
a beam-lobular structure is partly damaged in result of mesenchimalycellular
reactions, almost all of hepatocytes have a signet ring form, infiltration of
portal ways by neutrophilous leucocytes and Mellor and
Kaunsil'men bodies are not found. Diagnose the disease of liver.
- Portal cirrhosis
- Alcoholic hepatitis
- Chronic persisting hepatitis
+ Chronic hepatosis
- Acute hepatosis
During dissection of a man, 38 years of old, that was abusing

alcohol for a long time, and died in result of subtotal pancreatonecrosis, the
followings macroscopic changes of a liver were found: increase of sizes, surface
with the areas of inflammation, tissue is dense; microscopically:
a beam-lobular structure is stored, considerable periportal
sclerosis, into lobules plural small-focal necroses of hepatocytes are located
, areas of necrosis and portal ways are infiltrated
neutrophils, the plural Mellori bodies are located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes
. Diagnose the disease of liver.
- Chronic alcoholic hepatosis
- Chronic persistent hepatitis
- Chronic hepatosis
- Acute hepatosis
+ Acute alcoholic hepatitis
During necropsy of a woman, 28 years of old, that was down with acute
appendicitis,
plural acute abscesses of liver led
to death were found. What morphological changes of appendix's wall and
surrounding
tissues did result in development of mortal complication?
- Perforation of wall of sprout
- Empyema of sprout
+ Appendicular thrombophlebitis
- Appendicular thromboarteritis
- self-amputation of appendix
The woman of 32 years, entered surgical clinic with the picture of acute
stomach, acute appendicitis was diagnosed; during research of
resected vermicular appendix was established that there are augmented
in sizes, walls are thickened, a peritoneum is covered by greenish membranous
applications, there are the masses of excrement and pus in clear space;
microscopically:
all of layers of appendix's wall contain diffuse leukocytic infiltrate,
in the own plate of mucous membrane and in a muscular layer plural small
abscesses are located
on a peritoneum fibrinous applications with leukocytic infiltrate are found
with. Diagnose the type of appendicitis.
+ pertaining to apostema
- simplex
- Superficial
- Phlegmonous
- Gangrenous
For a 47-years-old man during colonoscopy was diagnosed a polypus of rectum

, which was resected At histological research of
polypus the characteristic morphological signs of pertaining to apostema polypus
and also some signs of malignization are detected
. Specify most
credible morphological sign of malignization.
- A polypus is built from a prismatic epithelium that forms mucous structures
+ Single mucous structures are in the pedicle of polypus
- tumour an organoid structure has a
- In mucous epithelium plural mitoses are observed
- Epithelium cells in glands have hyperchromic nucleuses
During histological research of resected iliac

bowels of a man, operated concerning the perforation of wall of bowel
and widespread purulo-fibrinous peritonitis, the followings
changes are found out: ulcerous defect, in the bottom of which the area of cheesy
necrosis
and single giant polynuclear cells of Pirogov-lankhgansa
on periphery are determined; in the own plate of mucous layer there are plural
giant cell granulomas with cheesy necrosis in central parts;
purulo-fibrinous exudate the surface of adventitial layer.
In the lymphatic nodules of mesentery is granulomatous inflammation with giant
cell
granulomas and cheesy necrosis. Diagnose a disease.
+ Primary tuberculosis
- Hematogenic-disseminated tuberculosis
- Typhoid
- Salmonellosis
- Yersiniosis
A patient, 60 years, died of the acute gastric bleeding. On dissection

the varicose extended veins of stomach, gullet, blood in a cavity of
stomach, intestine, acutely diminished, made more the compact uneven liver are
detected.
What pathological process did lead through complication to death of patient?
- Chronic gastritis
- Ulcerous illness
- Syndrome of Elisson-zollinger
- bilious-stone illness
Appendix, that is sent in a pathomorphological department after appendectomy,

is thickened and augmented in sizes, a adventitial membrane is turbid, vessels
sanguineous, from the road clearance of sprout on a cut a liquid is selected
yellow-green color. What form of appendicitis do such changes develop at?
- Simplex catarrhal appendicitis
- Superficial catarrhal appendicitis
- Gangrenous appendicitis
+ Phlegmonous appendicitis
At microscopic research of liver a venous plethora of center of lobules

red corpuscles to the intertrabecular space diapedesis,
dystrophy and atrophy of hepatocytes from center of lobules, presence of
connecting tissue excrescence
in the places of hepatocytes atrophy, fatty dystrophy of
hepatocytes on peripheries of lobules. What pathological process does speech go
about in a liver?
-Biliary cirrhosis
-Hepatitis
-Fatty hepatosis
+nutmeg liver with the precirrhotic phenomena
-Toxic dystrophy of liver
A patient entered permanent establishment with complaints about pain in right

hypogastrium,
icterus, nausea. He fell ill after the use of excessive amount of alcohol.
After the inspection of patient a diagnosis was set: acute alcoholic hepatitis.
You will define the typical outcome of illness, if a patient disuse alcohol.
+ Convalescence
- Cirrhosis of liver
- Development of cancer of liver
- Hemosiderosis of liver
- Hemochromatosis of liver
At laparotomy of a man, 49 years of old, there was detected a tumour in area of

sigmoid colon, that
penetrated all of its layers and obstructed lumen of bowel. A biopsy is taken
and colon stoma is imposed. Clinical diagnosis after operation: cancer of sigmoid
colon.
What character of growth of detected tumour in relation to surrounding tissues?
+ Infiltrative
- Expansive
- Endophytic
- Exophytic
- multicentric
On suspicion on acute cholecystitis laparotomy in a patient of 70 years, was

performed.
At the revision of organs of abdominal cavum a clinical diagnosis was put:
biliarous cirrhosis of liver. What macroscopic changes are characteristic
for this cirrhosis?
+ A liver is enlarged, dense, green color with a small-knobby surface
- A liver is large, red
- A liver is yellow, flabby
- A liver is diminished, dense, with large hillocks
- A liver is dense, pale
A resection of a1/3 liver with multicamerate echinococcus is conducted to patient.

What characteristic reaction of surrounding tissues of liver on animal parasite
did pathologist detected at histological research of operating material?
+ Formation of unspecific granulomas
- Flabby consistency of liver
- Exudative tissue reaction
- Formation of specific granulomas
- Alternative tissue reaction
The woman of 41years, complains on pain in epigastrium 2-2,5 hours after feed.
Food intolerance of fish and eggs. At FGDS: chronic
ulcer of bulb of duodenum - it is confirmed by a biopsy.
Positive urease reaction. What most credible leading mechanism
development of disease?
+ Helicobacterious infection
- Products of autoantibodies
- Intestinal infection
- Decline of synthesis of prostaglandins
- Food allergy
Patient of 22 years [in 20 years has had viral hepatitis B); hospitalized
in a clinic with complaints about indefinite pain in right
hypogastrium, dyspeptic phenomena, loss of weight. In sampling of
hepatic tissue
an irreversible intracellular change which is
typical for the old viral hepatitis A is detected. What is it a change?
+ Kaunsilmen bodies
- Hydropic dystrophy
- Dim edema of hepatic cells
- Intercellular obesity
- Glycogen accumulation in the nucleuses of cells
At dying, that in the time of life got numerous injections of drugs,

hydropic dystrophy of hepatocytes is histologically found in a liver,
"matte-hyalloid hepatocytes", acidophilic little Kaunsil'men bodies,
macrophage-lymphocyte clumps in portal ways. Most
credible etiology of disease:
+ Viral
- Bacterial
- Toxic
- Parasite
- All from adopted is possible with equal authenticity
It is detected on dissection of dying, that a liver is enlarged in sizes,

dense, edges are rounded, on a cut is tissue of fawn
colors with crimson points and strips, that reminds a picture of
nutmeg. What pathological process lies in basis of corner
such changes a liver?
+ Chronic venous plethora
- Fatty embolism
- Arterial plethora
- Arterial anaemia
- Chronic bleeding
Macroscopically a liver is enlarged in sizes, made more the compact, tissue

of greyish-yellow
colors, old fat reminds. What pathological process lies
in basis of development of "greasy" liver?
+ Amyloidosis
- Hyalinosis
- Fatty dystrophy
- Mucoid swelling
- Obesity
After the traumatic damage of liver the complete

renewal of structure and function of liver happened in course of time. How is such
kind of regenerations named ?
+ Restitution
- Incomplete regeneration
- Pathological regeneration
- Ordinary physiological regeneration
- Substitution
Choose the type of chronic gastritis which alteration of epithelium is at.

+ Gastritis with an intestinal metaplasia
- Superficial
- Antral
- Fundal
- Deep
At histological research of vermicular appendix, expressed sclerosis of his wall is

discovered
, walls of arteries middle and small
caliber is sclerosed with the hearths of the mucoid swelling, moderate
proliferation of endothelium, round vessels is lympho-histiocytic infiltration.
About what disease is it possible to think in this case?
+ Nodular periarteritis of vessels of appendix
- Chronic appendicitis
- Acute phlegmonous appendicitis
- Acute catarrhal appendicitis
At patient with autoimmune gastritis a biopsy is taken. At research of

biopsy material in a mucous membrane found out lymphocyte and macrophage
infiltration. It testifies development of hypersensitiveness in a mucous membrane
+ IV type
- I type
- II type
- III type
- V type
For a woman by age 45 years, that died of chronic alcoholic

intoxications, on autopsy an sharply enlarged, doughy
consistency, of rather yellow color liver is detected. Microscopically in the
cytoplasm of hepatocytes optically empty vacuoles of different sizes are
revealed. What
does the type of dystrophy take a place?
+ Parenchymatous fatty
- Carbohydrate parenchymatous
- hyaline-dropped dystrophy
- Mesenchymal fatty
- Hydropic
Pathologist at microscopic research of biopsy material

discovered in tissue of liver granulomas which are mainly
from T-lymphocytes and epithelioid cells among which single
giant polynuclear cells of type of Pirogova-langkhansa was discovered. In a center
of
granulomas the small area of cheesy necrosis is located. What
does a pathological process take a place?
+ Proliferative inflammation
- Humid necrosis
- Alternative inflammation
- Exudative inflammation
Man 59 years with the signs of parenchymatous icterus and portal

hypertension. During histological research of punctional biopsy material of liver
was found: a lobular structure is effaced, part of hepatocytes
has a sign of fatty dystrophy, porto-portal
connective tissue layers is formed, lympho-histiocytic infiltration is located
periportally. Diagnose the diseases of liver.
+ Portal cirrhosis
- Acute hepatosis
- Chronic hepatosis
- Biliary cirrhosis
- Postnecrotic cirrhosis
During dissection of man 29 years, that long time was ill on

ulcerous illness of duodenum signs of peritonitis
, plural steatonecroses of retroperitoneal fatty tissue
and pancreas were found and in area of body of it ulcer-like
defect by a diameter 5 mm and in to 10 mm depth is found, the edges of which
contained
necrotic masses. Diagnose complications of ulcerous illness of
duodenum.
+ Penetration
- Bleeding
- Stenosis
- Perforation
- Malignization
At histological research of biopsy material of liver of man with manifestations

hepatic insufficiency, violations of structure of lobules are found, hydropic and
bulb dystrophy of hepatocytes, their necrosis on periphery of lobules.
In addition there is diffuse lympho-histiocytic infiltration
sclerosed portal ways, which penetrates on periphery
lobules, surrounding and destroying hepatocytes. What from the transferred
diagnoses
most possible?
+ Chronic active alcoholic hepatitis
- Acute alcoholic hepatitis
- Acute cyclic form of viral hepatitis
- Cholestatic form of viral hepatitis
- Chronic persistent alcoholic hepatitis
At dissection of man which abused an alcohol for long time,

liver is of small sizes, dense, knobby. Microscopically:
false lobules, small, separated by a narrow layers of connective
tissues, infiltrated by lymphocytes and macrophages; hepatocytes is in condition
of bigdropped obesities. What from the transferred diagnoses is most possible?
+ Portal cirrhosis of liver
- Chronic active alcoholic hepatitis
- Chronic persisting alcoholic hepatitis
- Postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver
- Fatty hepatosis
A patient suffered the cirrhosis of liver, died of the gastric bleeding.

On dissection discovered: cirrhosis, varicose expansion of vein of
front abdominal wall ("head of jelly-fish"), gullet, ascite,
splenomegaly, venous plethora of mesentery. Name complication of
cirrhosis of liver.
+ Portal hypertension
- Hepatic insufficiency
- Cancer of liver
- Hepatic-kidney insufficiency
- Hepatic encephalopathy
After performing of diagnostic biopsy of liver

a diagnosis is chronic active hepatitis is put to a patient. Name most characteristic
histological sign of activity of disease.
+ Hearths of necrosis of hepatocytes
- Intraductal cholestasis
- A presence is a Mallori bodies
- Diminishing of amount of Kupfer cells
- Lymphoid infiltration of portal ways
6 years after an old viral hepatitis Â a patient had ascite,

expansion of veins of front abdominal wall, gullet and haemorrhoidal veins,
icterus, anaemia. What disease or syndrome did develop at patient?
- Ischemic heart trouble
- Syndrome of Badd-kiari
- Syndrome of Larish
- Acute myeloblastous leucosis
Operatively resected vermicular appendix was thickened, its adventitial

membrane is dim, sanguineous, with whitish-loose membranous applications,
there is whitish-rather yellow liquid in lumen. At microscopic research wall of
sprout diffusely infiltrated by neutrophils. About what variant of appendicitis is it
possible to think?
+ Phlegmonous
- Gangrenous
- Simple
- Superficial
- Chronic
At endoscopy of stomach, on histological research biopsy material of mucous

membrane is taken. Its research detected: a mucous membrane is stored,
thickened, edematous, hyperemic, with numerous small hemorrhages, densely
covered by mucus. Define the form of acute gastritis.
+ Catarrhal (stand)
- Erosive
- Fibrinous
- Festering
- Necrotic
On histological research resected vermicular appendix was sent. Sizes are his
enlarged, adventitial membrane is dim, sanguineous, covered by membranes of
fibrin, walls are thickened, on a cut from its lumen a pus is excreted. At
microscopic research there is a plethora of vessels, edema of all of layers and its
diffuse infiltration by leucocytes. Name the form of appendicitis
+ Phlegmonous
- Pertaining to apostema
- Stand
- Superficial
- Gangrenous
At microscopic research of operatively resected appendix edema, diffusely

neutrophile infiltration of intestines' walls with necrosis and defect of mucous
membrane with its muscular lamina's affection were noticed. What form of
appendicitis developed in patient?
+ Phlegmonous-ulcerous
- Phlegmonous
- Gangrenous
- Superficial
- Pertaining to apostema
At morphological stomach research deep defect of wall with muscular lamina

affection, proximal side of which is undermined, distal-flattened is revealed. At
microscopic examination: in bottom of defect is the zone of necrosis with
granulation tissue and massive zone of cicatrical tissue on the place of muscular
layer under it .Put the diagnosis
+ Chronic ulcer in stage of exacerbation
- Chronic ulcer with malignization
- Acute ulcer
- Erosion
- Cancer-ulcer
At histological research of biopsy material from the mucous membrane of
stomach of 50 years woman are revealed: thinning of mucous membrane,
decrease of amount of glands, focuses of intestinal metaplasia; plethora, stroma's
edemas and sclerosis; diffuse lympho-plasmocytic infiltration with predominance
of polynuclear lymphocytes. Put the diagnosis
+ Chronic atrophic gastritis in active phase
- Chronic atrophic gastritis in inactive phase
- Acute catarrhal gastritis
- Acute fibrinous gastritis
At dissection of man which abused an alcohol for long time,

liver is of small sizes, dense, knobby. Microscopically:
false lobules, small, separated by a narrow layers of connective
tissues, infiltrated by lymphocytes and macrophages; hepatocytes is in condition
of bigdropped obesities. What from the transferred diagnoses is most possible?
+ Alcohol cirrhosis
- Chronic active alcoholic hepatitis
- Chronic persisting alcoholic hepatitis
- Chronic intoxication of liver
- Fatty hepatosis
During dissection of man 29 years, that long time was ill on

ulcerous illness of duodenum signs of peritonitis
, plural steatonecroses of retroperitoneal fatty tissue
and pancreas were found and in area of body of it ulcer-like
defect by a diameter 5 mm and in to 10 mm depth is found, the edges of which
contained
necrotic masses. Diagnose complications of ulcerous illness of
duodenum.
+ Penetration
- Bleeding
- Stenosis
- Perforation
- Malignization
Man 59 years with the signs of parenchymatous icterus and portal

hypertension. During histological research of punctional biopsy material of liver
was found: a lobular structure is effaced, part of hepatocytes
has a sign of fatty dystrophy, porto-portal
connective tissue layers is formed, lympho-histiocytic infiltration is located
periportally. Diagnose the diseases of liver.
+ Portal cirrhosis
- Acute hepatosis
- Chronic hepatosis
- Biliary cirrhosis
At dying, that in the time of life got numerous injections of drugs,

hydropic dystrophy of hepatocytes in a liver,
"matte-hyaloid hepatocytes", acidophilic little Kaunsil'men bodies,
macrophage-lymphocyte clumps in portal ways are histologically found.
Most credible etiology of disease:
+ Viral
- Bacterial
- Toxic
- Parasite
- Fungous
On dissection of a women of 33 years bulge of stomach walls in pyloric segment

(al the intestine layers are discernible) with growths of dense white tissue in
submucous layer and its small taenias in muscular layer are detected. Relief of
mucous membrane is revealed, gastric folds are rigid, immovable. What
macroscopic form of tumour is in this case?
+ Infiltrate
- Nodule
- Ulcer
- Cyst
- Infiltrative ulcerous form
The patient of infectious department complained on weakness, absence of

appetite, raise of temperature up to 38 degrees. On 7 days there was acute pain in
right hypogastrium and skin yellowing. At the microscopy of liver sampling :
breach of lobulo-beam structure, in hepatocytes - hydropic and ballooning
degeneration, in some hepatocytes - necrosis, Kaunsil'men bodies, on periphery
of lobules - the amount of polynuclear hepatocytes is increased. What form of
viral hepatitis is most reliable?
+ Cyclic icteric
- Malignant
- Chronic
- Cholestatic
- Without icteric
At a patient a crateriform lump on small curvature in prepyloric segment was

found. biopsy material was took from the marginal area of growth. Information of
histological research is: tumour with the gland-like structures of different form
and size, ingrowing in surrounding tissue, with pronounced cellular atypizmus .
Name the histological variant of this tumour.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Epidermoid cancer
- Scirrhus of stomach
- Mucous cancer of stomach
- Solid cancer of stomach
At fibrogastroscopy at patient of 48 years, driver, with complaints on pain in

epigastrium after eating, mucous membrane of stomach is hyperemic, folds are
diminished. Microscopically in gastrobiopsy material is: mucous membrane is
thinned, the amount of glands is diminished, excrescence of connecting tissue,
which is infiltrated by lymphocytes, plasmocytes. Specify a correct diagnosis.
+ Chronic atrophic gastritis
- Acute catarrhal gastritis
- Acute purulent gastritis
- Giant hypertrophic gastritis
Appendix is 9 cm at length and 0.9 cm at thickness. Serous membrane is dim,

plethoric. Microscopically there are-edematous wall, stases and small
hemorrhages in capillaries and venules; in mucous and submucous membrane
there are focuses of necrosis with surrounding leukocytic infiltration. Which of
the enumerated diagnoses is the most truthful?
+ Acute superficial appendicitis
- Acute simple appendicitis
- Acute phlegmonous appendicitis
- Acute phlegmonous -ulcerous appendicitis
- Acute gangrenous appendicitis
At histological research of resected gastric ulcer fibrous-leukocytic exudate is
found on its bottom, the area of fibrinous necrosis is localized, the layers of
granulation and fibrinous tissue are situated under it. Your diagnosis:
+ Chronic ulcer
- Acute ulcer
- Acute erosion
- Malignization of ulcer
- Phlegmon of stomach
?
A diffuse leukocytic infiltration of all of layers of appendix is found at research.
Name the variety of appendicitis:
+ Acute phlegmonous
- Acute simple
- Necrotic
- Acute superficial
- Gangrenous
At histological research of biopsy material from the mucous membrane are

revealed: thinning of mucous membrane, decrease of amount of glands and
considerable growth of connective tissue, ducts of glands are expanded ; mucous
membrane is infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasmatic cells. What diagnose from
mentioned is most authentic?
+ Chronic expressed atrophic gastritis
- Chronic expressed atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia
- Chronic moderate atrophic gastritis
- Phlegmon of stomach
Patient, that was ill with cancer of stomach with plural metastases died from
cachexy. Single out the typical changes of heart, those were detected on
dissection:
+ Brown atrophy of myocardium
- Amyloid megalocardia
- Dilatational cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- "Tiger" heart
Patient, what suffered from chronic viral hepatitis, died of acute posthemorrhagic
anaemia which appear on a background bleeding from the varicose extended
veins of gullet. On dissection a liver is sharp diminished in sizes, of a dense
consistency, surface is small knobby. Microscopic picture is similar - thin-loop
connecting-tissue net and small false lobules. What morphogenetic type of
cirrhosis does take place in a liver?
+ Portal cirrhosis
- Mixed cirrhosis
- Viral cirrhosis
- Biliary cirrhosis
Vermicular appendix withdrawn at appendectomy is thickened, covered with a

Fibrinous purulent scuff. All layers of appendix are infiltrated with purulent
effluent, a mucous membrane is destroyed. Your diagnosis is:
+ Phlegmonous-ulcerous appendicitis with hearth destruction of mucous and
submucous layer
- Stand appendicitis
- Superficial appendicitis
At patient C., suffering from chronic alcoholism and cirrhosis of liver, the profuse
bleeding from the varicose extended veins of gullet has developed, death came as
a result. There is a small-knobbed liver, diminished in sizes, dense, of a rather
yellow color on autopsy. At histological research liver's of frozen sections
(hematoxylin and eosin stain) large optically empty vacuoles, that contain black-
coloured (with osmium acid usage) substance are revealed in hepatocytes.
Optically empty vacuoles of hepatocytes are:
+ Large-drop fatty degeneration
- Hyaloplasm's pseudovacuoles
- Alcoholic hyalin (Mellori bodies)
- Vacuolar hydropic dystrophy
- Including of hyalin
Operatively resected vermicular appendix was thickened, it's mucous membrane

was dim, sanguineous, with whitish-loose filmy depositions, is turbid in lumen,
whitish-rather yellow liquid. Histologically is: diffuse infiltration of all of layers
by leukocytes. About what variant of appendicitis is it possible to think in this
case?
+ Phlegmonous
- Gangrenous
- Simple
- Superficial
- Chronic
Histologically in all appendix's layers polynuclear leucocytes, plethora, stases, are

found. Such picture is characteristic for:
- Superficial appendicitis
- Simple appendicitis
In biopsy material of colon is a superficial defect of mucous membrane, decline of

goblet cells number and mucus' quantity in them, sharp lympho-palsmocytic
infiltration with presence of segmetonuclear leucocytes, including eosinophil.
Choose the most credible and exact diagnosis.
+ An unspecific ulcerous colitis is in the phase of intensifying
- Krone Illness
- Chronic ischemic colitis
- Third stage of dysentery
- Amebiasis of intestine with forming of ulcers
While dissection of a dead man irregularly-shaped defects of mucous membrane

with uneven contours are visible in rectum and sigmoid colon, they run into each
other, leaving small islets of remained mucous membrane. What form of colitis is
ought to be thought about?
+ Ulcerous colitis
- Fibrinous colitis
- Suppurative colitis
- Follicular colitis
- Catarrhal colitis
On laparotomy of patient 77 years old with strangulated inguinal hernia is

detected, that the wall of bowel has cyanotic discoloration, expanded, edematous,
is covered the filaments of fibrin, peristalsis is not listened. What pathological
process did develop in the wall of bowel as a result parietal restriction of hernia?
+ Humid gangrene
- Dry gangrene
- Colliquative (liquefactive) necrosis
- Bedsore
At a patient ascite is found, spleen is enlarged in two times, there is varicose

expansion of veins of gullet and rectum,. At histological research of biopsy
material of liver micronodular cirrhosis is revealed. What process was
complicated by the cirrhosis of liver?
+ Syndrome of portal hypertension
- Cardiac insufficiency
- Hepatolienal syndrome
- Hepatic-cellular insufficiency
At microscopic research of liver is found: a venous plethora of center of lobules,

dystrophy and atrophy of hepatocytes in focus of venous stagnation, fatty
degeneration of hepatocytes on periphery of lobule with the presence of
excrescence of connecting tissue in the places of hepatocytes atrophy. What
pathological process does speech go about?
+ Nutmeg liver with precirrhotic changes
- Biliary cirrhosis of liver
- Hepatitis
- Fatty hepatosis
- Toxic dystrophy of liver
At patient C., 67 years old, protractedly suffering a bilious-stone illness with the
signs of cholangitis and cholangiolitis, the cirrhosis of liver developed. What of
the stated below types of cirrhosis does it cover?
+ Biliary
- Infectious
- Toxic and toxic-allergic
- Alimentary-metabolic
- Circulatory
On dissection of a patient near 2 liters of suppurative liquid is detected in

abdominal cavum. Peritoneum is dim, with a grayish tint, there are grayish
depositions which are easily taken off on intestinal mucous membrane. Most
probable it is:
+ Fibrinousopurulent peritonitis
- Hemorrhagic peritonitis
- Serous peritonitis
- Tubercular peritonitis
At histological research of tumour of stomach a lot of signet ring cells are found.
Name the histological variant of cancer.
+ Mucous
- Solid
- Adenocarcinoma
- Sarcoma
- Carcinoid
At histological research of biopsy material of rectum's mucous membrane

excrescence of connecting tissue and glands is established. Macroscopically small
nodules on thin peduncles are found.
What process does speech go about?
+ Hyperplastic polypus
- Hypertrophy
- Metaplasia
- Atrophy
- Sclerosis
?
Defect of mucous membrane by the diameter of 3,5 cm with uneven bottom,
eminent uneven edges, that arise over bottom on 1,7 cm is found in large intestine
while colonoscopy, borders of this eminence is fuzzy . Tissue on defect's bottom
and edges is dense, whitish, the layers of bowel walls in this area are not
differenced. Determine the macroscopic form of tumour.
+ Ulcer
- Knot
- Infiltrate
- Cyst
- Infiltrative-ulcerous form
For a woman 46 years during a palliative operation concerning the cancer of

stomach
the presence of Kruckenberg metastases in ovaries is determined ('Kruckenberg
cancer of ovaries"). What from the established ways of metastasis did result in the
defeat of ovaries?
+ lymphogenic retrograde
- hematogenic
- lymphogenic orthograde
- Implant
- canalicular
At patient by ulcerous illness of stomach, that was complicated by a stomach

haemorrhage bleeding,
vomitive masses was coloured in an umber color, that is
described as vomiting by "coffee-grounds". Presence of what pigment
in vomitive masses does determine their colour?
+ hydrochloricyacid haematyne
- Haemoglobin
- Bilirubin
- Akrolein (achrylaldehyde)
- ferrum sulphide
Appendix, that is sent in a pathomorphological department after appendectomy,

is thickened and augmented in sizes, a adventitial membrane is turbid, vessels
sanguineous, from the road clearance of sprout on a cut a liquid is selected
yellow-green color. What form of appendicitis do such changes develop at?
- Simplex catarrhal appendicitis
- Superficial catarrhal appendicitis
Patient N. came into the in-patient department with the diagnosis of mushroom
poisoning, where he died on the 12th day with the signs of acute hepatic failure.
On the section – macroscopically: liver is flabby, flaccid, of yellow-grey colour,
argillous by appearance both on the surface and on the section, microscopically:
areas of necrosis with autolytic breakdown and formation of fatty-proteic detritus
in the centre and narrow stripe of hepatocytes in the condition of fatty
degeneration on the periphery of hepatic segments. Your diagnosis?
+ Massive hepatic necrosis in the stage of yellow dystrophy
- Massive hepatic necrosis in the stage of red dystrophy
- Chronic massive hepatic necrosis
- Wilson’s disease
- inherited pigmentary hepatosis
At the operation of the boy of 12 years old is ablated appendix and send to the
pathologist on the research. Macroscopically: appendix in the distal part with
clavate thickening of 3 cm in the diameter, at the incision of which overflew the
limpid yellow fluid, the wall of appendix became thin. Microscopically: atrophy
of all layers of appendix, there are no signs of inflammation. Diagnosis?
+ Dropsy of appendix
- Phlegmonous appendix
- Empyema of appendix
- Chronic appendix
- Myxoglobulosis of appendix
A patient of 38 years old came into the hospital with the temperature of the body
of 39, 4 degrees Celsius, sharp extended pain in the pit of the stomach At the
operation was made a decision to ablate the whole stomach. The histological
research of all anatomic parts of the stomach showed an expended pyo-destructive
inflammation of all layers of the wall with the formation of multiple small
abscesses. Diagnosis?
+ Phlegmonous gastritis
- Chronic gastritis, type A
- Chronic gastritis, type B
- Chronic gastritis, type C
- Chelicobacter-associated gastritis
To pathohistological laboratory is delivered vermiform appendix with the

thickness to 2 cm. Its serous membrane is dim, thickened, covered with yellow-
green film-type layers. The wall is flaccid, of grey-red colour. The lumen of
appendix is dilated and filled with yellow-green masses. At the histological
research is discovered, that: the wall is infiltrated by neutrophils. Define the
disease of appendix, its shape.
+ Acute phlegmonous appendicitis
- Acute superficial appendicitis
A patient of 42 years old came into the in-patient department with the complains
about jaundice, pain in the right hypochondrium. He fell ill after the high dose of
alcohol. At the puncture biopsy of the liver: fatty degeneration of hepatocytes, the
presence of eosinophilic inclusions in their cytoplasm, infiltration of stroma by
polymorphonuclear leukocytes;
the lobular structure of the liver is saved. What kind of liver disease has the
patient?
+ Acute alcohol hepatitis
- Chronic alcohol hepatitis
- Fatty hepatosis
- Diffuse nodular cirrhosis
- Wilson’s disease
A patient has died of cancerous cachexy at the primary localisation of cancer in

the stomach. At the dissection of the defunct’s body is discovered a sharply
increased liver with the uneven surface, multitude of nodes, which bulge out and
have distinct boundaries on the section, round-shaped, of grey-pink colour and
different consistency, with necroses in some areas. What kind of pathological
process has developed in the liver?
+ Metastases of cancer
- Abscesses
- Generative nodes
- Infarction
- Liver cancer
To pathohistological laboratory is delivered vermiform appendix with the

thickness to 2 cm. Its serous membrane is dim, thickened, covered with yellow-
green film-type layers. The wall is flaccid, of grey-red colour. The lumen of
appendix is dilated and filled with yellow-green masses. At the histological
research is discovered, that: the wall is infiltrated by neutrophils. Define the
disease of appendix, its shape.
+ Acute phlegmonous appendicitis
- Acute superficial appendicitis
A patient has died of cancerous cachexy at the primary localisation of cancer in

the stomach. At the dissection of the defunct’s body is discovered a sharply
increased liver with the uneven surface, multitude of nodes, which bulge out and
have distinct boundaries on the section, round-shaped, of grey-pink colour and
different consistency, with necroses in some areas. What kind of pathological
process has developed in the liver?
+ Metastases of cancer
- Abscesses
- Generative nodes
- Infarction
- Liver cancer
After the mushroom’s poisoning for a patient developed the signs of acute hepatic
insufficiency, that led to his death. On the dissection of defunct’s body a liver is
diminished macroscopically, languid, a capsule is wrinkled, the tissue is yellow
on a section. Microscopically: fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes, the central
departments of lobules are represented with tissue detritus. The found out
changes are characteristic for:
+ Massive progressive necrosis
– Fatty hepatosis
– Acute exudative hepatitis
– Acute productive hepatitis
– Hepatolenticular degeneration
At the histological research of ablated during the operation appendix are

discovered the discirculatory changes with nidi of exudative suppurative
inflammation and superficial defects of epithelium. Name the form of
appendicitis.
+ Acute superficial
– Phlegmonous
– Gangrenous
– Second
– Simple
During an urgent operation a patient was ablated a vermiform appendix, which

was sharply thickened, greyish black along the full length, in the distal part is
discovered the defect of wall, through which from the lumen of appendix ooze out
greyish brown masses with an unpleasant smell. At the histological research the
wall of appendix is sphacelous with the nidi of hemorrhages, the lumen of
mesenteric artery is filled with a blood clot. Define the form of appendix:
+ Acute gangrenous
– Acute phlegmonic
– Acute simple
– Acute superficial
– Chronic
A man of 58 years old died of acute anaemia as a result of esophagogastric

hemorrhage. On the dissection the veins of submucous layer of lower one third of
esophagus and forestomach are varicose. The liver is small, dense, tuberous, the
diameter of nodes is 2-3 mm; microscopically the lobular structure of liver is
disturbed, the dystrophic changes and nidal necrosis of hepatocytes are expressed.
There is a considerable number of “pseudolobules”, the excrescence of interlayers
of the connective tissue in the stroma. The morphological changes in the liver are
characteristic to:
+ Small-nodular cirrhosis
– Large-nodular cirrhosis
– Mixed cirrhosis
– Chronic active hepatitis
– Biliary cirrhosis
On a patient with chronic ulcerous illness without exacerbation is performed a

fibrogastroscopy with the biopsy of mucus membrane. What morphological
changes in the biopsy material will testify to the stage of remission of ulcerous
illness?
+ Excrescence of connecting tissue
– Fibrinoid edema
– Fibrinoid changes of walls of vessels
– Presence of purulo-necrotic detritus
– Area of fibrinoid necrosis in the bottom of the ulcer
A 54-years-old woman is conducted a left-side hemicolectomy concerning the

perforation of bowel. At the histological research of operating material are
discovered plural epithelial-cellular granulomas, slit-like ulcers, an expressed
edema of submucous layer. Diagnose the disease.
+ Crohn's disease
– Tuberculosis of bowel.
– Unspecific ulcerous colitis.
– Uipl’s illness of.
– Lymphoma of bowel.
The puncture biopsy of liver is conducted to the patient of 38 years old with an
expressive icterus, minute hemorrhages in the skin, common weakness, appetite
loss. The histological research has found a widespread dystrophy, necrosis of
hepatocytes, presence of Councilman’s bodies. There is a considerable infiltration
by lymphocytes in a circumferential direction of lobules, meet the separate
polycyclic hepatocytes. Diagnose a disease.
+ acute viral hepatitis
– acute alcoholic hepatitis
– Miliary cirrhosis of liver
– Toxic dystrophy of liver
– Chronic hepatitis
A patient K. has entered the in-patient department with the clinical picture of
hepatic insufficiency, where and died. A liver on a section is dense, slightly
diminished in sizes, with a knobby surface. The nodes-regenerates of identical
sizes (mostly of to 0,3 cm in diameter) divided by narrow layers of connective
tissue are observered. What macroscopic form of pathology of liver is this?
+ micronodular cirrhosis
– hepatic fibrosis
– coarse nodular cirrhosis
– muscat hepatic fibrosis
– mixed cirrhosis
During the urgent laparotomy of the patient of 42 years old was defined a
thickened, of grayish-black color vermiform appendix. In its distal part is seen a
defect of the wall, through which from the lumen of appendix effuse grayish-
brown masses with an unpleasant smell. At the microscopic research, the wall of
appendix is necrotizing along the whole length with the foci of hemorrhages, the
lumen of the mesenteric artery is filled with a thrombus. Which morphologic form
of appendicitis has a patient?
+ Gangrenous
– Phlegmonous
– Chronic
– Simple
– Pertaining to apostema
At the colonoscopy of the large intestine is discovered a defect of mucous tunic

with a humpy bottom and raised irregular edges. Layers of the wall do not differ,
the tissue of the edges and bottom is whitish, dense, and homogeneous. Define a
macroscopic form of the tumor.
+ infiltrative ulcerous
– node
– ulcer
– infiltrate
– cyst
A man of 50 years old was extirpated a tumour of the wall of a large intestine.
Microscopically, it is represented with fascicles of collagen fibres of various
thickness, shape and direction; and with a small amount of monomorphic spindle-
shaped cells, distributed unequally among the fibres. A cellular atypism is poorly
expressed. What is the name of this tumour?
+ dense fibroma
– fibromyoma
– soft fibroma
– desmoid
– fibrosarcoma
At the gastrobiopsy of patient Í. is defined a thickening in a pyloric department of

mucus lining, it is edematic, hyperemic, a surface is covered with the thick layer
of mucus, here and there are poky hemorrhages. Your diagnosis.
+ Catarrhal (simple) gastritis
– Gastric abscess
– Fibrinous gastritis
– Syphilitic gastritis
– Tubercular gastritis
At the research of the stomach of a defunct, who suffered from kidney

insufficiency, is defined a presence of yellow-brown pellicle on the thickened
mucus membrane, which keeps firmly on its surface and reaches a considerable
thickness. Microscopically: the presence of hyperemia and necrosis of mucus and
submucous layers, fibrin. Your diagnosis.
+ Fibrinous gastritis
– Croupous gastritis
– Gastric abscess
– Catarrhal gastritis
– Corrosion gastritis
At the gastrobiopsy of patient A. is defined a metaplasia of superficial epithelium
of mucus membrane, which instead of cylinder epithelium became a cubic one. At
the same time there is a sclerosis in place of glands of mucus membrane. Which
disease of stomach should be thought about?
+ Chronic atrophy gastritis
– Corrosion gastritis
– Chronic gastritis with the glands damage without atrophy
– Erosive gastritis
– Superficial chronic gastritis
At roentgen examination of stomach, a doctor found out the defect of

accumulation of contrasting substance on the small curvature by type “plus tissue
minus shadow”. In the biopsy material of this area is found an excrescence of
glands from atypical cells, numerous pathological mitoses, hyperchromic cells
with megascopic nucleuses. What diagnosis may be thought about?
+ Gastric adenocarcinoma
– Atrophic-plastic gastritis
– Polypus of stomach
– Planocellular cancer of stomach
– Ulcer-cancer of stomach
At the necropsy of a man, who has died of mushroom poisoning is defined, that a
liver is diminished, its capsule is wrinkled, and the hepatic tissue is of red color
on a discission. Microscopically: a fatty-proteinaceous detritus, there are
sinusoids, overfull with blood in parenchyma of the organ. What is your
diagnosis?
+ Toxic dystrophy of liver (stage of red dystrophy)
– Toxic dystrophy of liver (stage of yellow dystrophy)
– Postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver
– Portal cirrhosis of liver
At the examination of patient K. of 27 years old, are found out numeral perianal
fistulas, from which a purulent exudate effuses. Paraproctitis is noticed.
Sequela of what kind of colitis can be the above-mentioned manifestations?
+ Acute colitis
– Chronic colitis
– Polypous colitis
– Hypertrophic colitis
– Ulcerous colitis
A patient of 25 years old, consulted a doctor with complaints on sclera yellowing,

weight loss, absence of appetite, itch. At the research of biopsy material of the
liver is discovered: collapse of stroma, wide areas of fibrosis, contingence of
triads (more than three ones in one eyeshot), albuminous degeneration and
necrosis of hepatocytes, structural alteration of liver. Which disease of liver
should be thought about?
+ Postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver
– Cancer of liver
The biopsy of liver of a patient with a suspicion on hepatitis showed a presence of

dystrophy and necrosis of hepatocytes, distortion of their regeneration, wide strips
of sclerosis, defect of lobular structure of liver. Which disease should be thought
about?
– Chronic persisting hepatitis
–Acute necrotic hepatitis
A patient K. of 55 years old, has excessive used an alcohol for a long time. For
some time past appeared pain in right hypochondrium, the liver is increased in
sizes. At the research of biopsy material of the liver are found out cricoid
hepatocytes, which are located as separate areas. What diagnosis can be foreseen?
+ Fatty hepatosis (steatosis of liver)
– Acute hepatitis
– Cancer of liver
The patient, who died of acute cardiac insufficiency, clinically had

haemotemesis; at the research of mucus lining of the stomach are found out
several defects, which reach a muscular layer; their edges and bottom are mainly
smooth and quaggy, in some of them is seen a crimson blood. What pathological
process is found out in the stomach?
+ Acute ulcers
– Chronic ulcers
– Erosions
– Thrombosis
– Inflammation
A patient, who had the long-lasting pain in the stomach, was executed a
gastrobiopsy. Histologically, an integumentary-patching epithelium is applanate,
the glands are shortened, and their quantity is decreased. The areas of sclerosis
and diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration are noticed in the proper lamina of
mucus lining. What is your diagnosis?
+ Atrophy gastritis
– Hypertrophic gastritis
– Ulcerous illness
– Superficial gastritis
– Erosive gastritis
À 38 year old patient with full-blown jàundice, small cutaneous hemorrhages,

general weakness and loss of appetite underwent puncture biopsy of liver.
Histological examination revealed disseminated dystrophy, hepatocyte necrosis,
Councilman's bodies. Lobule periphery has signs of significant infiltration by
lymphocytes, there are also individual multinuclear hepatocytes. What is the most
probable diagnosis?
– Miliary hepatic cirrhosis
– Chronic hepatitis
– Acute alcoholic hepatitis
+ Acute viral hepatitis
– Toxic degeneration of liver
?
A male patient died under the phenomena of azotemic uraemia. On autopsy, the
kidneys were enlarged, swollen, plethoric, the capsule was easily removed. The
cavities of the pelves and calyces were dilated and filled with dim urine and pus,
their mucous membrane was dim, with foci of haemorrhages. On section, the
tissue was motley, its yellow-grey areas were surrounded by the region of a
plethora and haemorrhages. What disease did this macroscopic appearance of the
kidneys correspond to?
+ Acute pyelonephritis
- Acute glomerulonephritis
- Amyloid shrunk kidneys
- Chronic glomerulonephritis
?
A 45-year-old male, who was treated for a cold with large doses of paracetamol,
developed symptoms of oliguria and azotemia. Five days later he died under the
phenomena of acute renal failure. A histological examination of his kidneys
revealed a diffuse oedema of the interstitial tissue in the cortical layer of the
kidneys, its infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophils, solitary neutrophils,
a destruction of the epithelial tubules; there were almost no changes in the
glomeruli. Indicate the most probable disease.
+ Tubulointerstitial nephritis .
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Acute pyelonephritis
- Necronephrosis
?
A 42-year-old male, who was ill with a severe form of typhoid fever, developed
acute renal failure which caused his death. On autopsy, the kidneys were
enlarged, oedematous, their fibrous capsule was easily removed; on section, the
cortical substance was pale grey, the malpighian pyramids were dark red. A
histological examination revealed that the lumens in the most of the tubules were
narrowed, the epithelial cells were enlarged and had no nuclei; the glomeruli were
collapsed; the stroma was characterized by an oedema, some leukocytic
infiltration and small haemorrhages. Indicate the renal pathology which caused
the patient's death.
- Acute pyelonephriti
- Pyonephrosis
+ Necronephrosis
?
An autopsy of a 60-year-old male, who was ill with hypertensive disease for a
long period of time and died from chronic renal insufficiency, revealed that both
the kidneys were significantly reduced in size, their surface was fine-grained;
histologically, most of the glomeruli were characterized by hyalinization and
sclerosis, some ones by hyperplasia; the stroma contained areas of sclerosis,
arteriolo- and arteriosclerosis, elastofibriosis of large branches of the renal
arteries. Define the changes revealed in the kidneys.
- Atherosclerotic nephrosclerosis
+ Arteriolosclerotic nephrosclerosis
- Secondary shrunk kidney
?
On autopsy of a 56-year-old female, who died from renal insufficiency, the
kidneys were unevenly reduced in size and their surface had large tubera; on
section, the pelves were dilated, their walls were thickened; the areas of a
cicatricial tissue alternated with an intact parenchyma. Microscopically, there
were phenomena of sclerosis and a Iymphoplasmacytic infiltration in the walls of
the pelves, calyces and in the interstice. Which of the diagnoses listed below was
the most probable?
- Tubulointerstitial nephritis
+ Chronic pyelonephritis
?
A male patient, who one month ago had streptococcal tonsillitis, develops
increased pressure, oliguria, oedemata on his face. Microscopically, a renal
biopsy reveals enlarged and plethoric glomeruli whose capillaries and mesangium
are diffusely infiltrated by neutrophils. Which of the diagnoses is the most
probable?
- Acute glomerulonephritis, exudative-proliferative form
- Acute glomerulonephritis, proliferative form
- Subacute glomerulonephritis
+ Acute glomerulonephritis, exudative form
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from renal insufficiency, revealed that his
kidneys were enlarged and flaccid, their cortical layer was yellow-grey and had
some red specks. On microscopic examination of a biopsy it was found that the
epithelium in the glomerular capsules proliferated with formation of "crescents",
the capillary loops were necrotized and contained fibrin thrombi in their lumens.
+ Subacute glomerulonephritis
- Lipoid nephrosis
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who died from renal insufficiency, revealed
that the kidneys were reduced in size, dense, waxy and had a great number of
retractions on their surface. Microscopically, many glomeruli were substituted for
some Congo red-positive substance, while in others this substance was present in
the basal membranes of the capillaries, in the mesangium, as well as in the walls
of the arteries and the stroma. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
- Lipoid nephrosis
+ Amyloid shrunk kidneys
?
In a 68-year-old male patient, a haemorrhage from his varicous veins resulted in a
significant blood loss. In spite of making up the blood loss, the postoperative
period was characterized by a persistent anuria and the patient died on the 5th
day. On autopsy, the kidneys appeared like "shock" ones. Name the
morphological equivalent of acute renal failure.
+ Necrotic nephrosis
- Glomerulonecrosis
- Paraproteinaemic necrosis
- Glomerulosclerosis
- Fibrinoid arteriolonecrosis
?
A 60-year-old male patient was suffering from chronic tibial osteomyelitis during
10 years. Three years ago he developed the nephrotic syndrome. His death was
caused by uraemia. On autopsy, the kidneys were moderately reduced in size,
white, dense and had some cicatrices in their cortical layer. Indicate the renal
pathology which developed.
- Periodic disease
- Primary amyloidosis
- Senile amyloidosis
+ Secondary amyloidosis
?
A 49-year-old male patient was hospitalized for pains in his lumbar region. A
supersonic examination revealed calculi in a sharply dilated renal pelvis and
calyces of the right kidney. Nephrectomy was made. On morphological
examination, the kidney was sharply enlarged, its parenchyma was atrophied, the
calyces and pelves were significantly dilated and filled with some yellowish
transparent fluid. Microscopically, there was diffuse sclerosis, the glomeruli and
tubules were atrophied, the intact tubules had cystic dilations. What complication
of nephrolithiasis developed in the patient?
+ Hydronephrosis
- Pyonephrosis
- Pyelonephritis
- Chronic paranephritis
?
A 23-year-old male patient acutely fell ill after supercooling. An increased blood
pressure, haematuria and oedemata on his face were observed. The treatment was
not effective. Six months later he died from uraemia. On autopsy, the kidneys
were enlarged, flaccid, their cortical layer was yellow-grey, dim, with some red
specks, broad, oedematous and well delimited from the dark red medullary
substance. Microscopically, there was proliferation of the epithelium of the
glomeruli, podocytes and macrophages with formation of "crescents". Make a
diagnosis.
?
In a 52-year-old female patient, whose case history had arterial hypertension,
phenomena of uraemia and oedemata of her face began to develop during the past
year. A renal biopsy revealed a diffuse affection of all the studied glomeruli,
whose main part had signs of focal and total sclerosis and hyalinosis, and only in
solitary intact glomeruli there was dilation of the mesangium with proliferation of
the mesangial cells. Diagnose the kind of glomerulonephritis.
- Chronic mesangial capillary
- Chronic mesangial proliferative
- Subacute extracapillary
- Acute intracapillary
+ Chronic fibroplastic
?
An autopsy of a 62-year-old male patient revealed that his skin was grey-sallow
with microfocal haemorrhages, his face was as if covered with some whitish
powder, the patient had fibrinous-haemorrhagic laryngitis, tracheitis, fibrinous
pericarditis, gastritis, enterocolitis. What syndrome is characterized by this
complex of morphological changes?
+ Chronic renal insufficiency
- Cushing's
- Acute renal failure
- Chronic cardiac insufficiency
- Chronic hepatic insufficiency
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who suffered from hypertensive disease and died of
an intracerebral haemorrhage, revealed small dense kidneys with a fine-grained
surface, the parenchyma and cortical substance were atrophic. Indicate the kind of
changes in the kidneys.
- Amyloid shrunk
- Secondary shrunk
- Pyelonephritic
+ Primary shrunk
- Nephritic
?
A 30-year-old male patient was hospitalized complaining of a headache and
faints. During the previous year, high indices of blood pressure were observed. A
renal biopsy revealed an extracapillary proliferation of the epithelium of the
glomerular capsule with formation of "crescents". What disease is characterized
by such signs?
- Lupus erythematosus glomerulonephritis
- Membranous nephropathy
?
A 63-year-old male patient, who was suffering from infectious polyarthritis for a
long period of time, died under the phenomena of renal insufficiency.
Macroscopically, his kidneys were significantly enlarged, dense and waxy. A
histological examination of the kidneys revealed sclerosis of the intermedial
region and malpighian pyramids, a large number of lipids and much congophilic
substance in the stroma of the tubules. What pathological process complicated the
course of infectious polyarthritis?
- Nephrosclerosis
?
An autopsy of a 55-year-old male patient, who died from renal insufficiency,
revealed enlarged plethoric kidneys. The cavities of the pelves and calyces were
dilated and filled with turbid urine, their mucous membrane was dim and had foci
of haemorrhages. On histological examination, the interstitial tissue of all the
renal layers was infiltrated by leukocytes, numerous miliary abscesses were
revealed. The lumens of the tubules were obstructed with casts of desquamated
epithelium. What disease resulted in development of renal insufficiency?
- Interstitial nephritis
- Pyonephrosis
- Necronephrosis
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who died from acute renal failure, macroscopically
revealed swelling of the right kidney and tension of its fibrous capsule which was
easily removed. Histologically, there were expressed dystrophic and necrotic
changes in the tubules of the main compartments, tubulorrhexis of the distal
tubules, congestion of the ultrafiltrate in the glomerular capsule. What stage of
acute renal failure took place?
- Restoration of diuresis
+ Oligoanuric
- Shock
- Nephrotic
- Azotemic
?
On macroscopic examination of the kidneys in a male, who died from renal
insufficiency, a pathologist found some asymmetrical corticomedullary cicatrices
and dilation of the pelvicocaliceal system. A microscopic examination revealed
atrophic tubules which had cyst-like dilations in some parts, were filled with
eosinophilic masses and resembled the thyroid gland, as well as there was
periglomerular sclerosis. Make a diagnosis.
- Necronephrosis
- Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis
- Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis
?
Soon after she had acute pharyngitis, a 3-year-old girl developed diffuse oedemata
(anasarca), massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and hyperlipidaemia which
were controlled by corticosteroid preparations. An electron microscopy of a renal
biopsy revealed absence of small processes of the podocytes. What was the most
probable diagnosis?
- glomerulonephritis
+ Lipoid nephrosis
- Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
?
On autopsy of a male patient, who died from ethylene glycol poisoning, the
kidneys were somewhat enlarged and oedematous, their capsule was easily
removed, the cortical substance was pale grey and wide, the medullary one was
dark red. Microscopically, there were diffuse necroses of the tubules with
ruptures of their basal membranes. What renal pathology developed in the
patient?
- Acute glomerulosclerosis
?
Fourteen days following angina, a J 5-year-old child developed oedemata on the
face and an increased blood pressure, the urine resembled "broth slops". An
immunohistological examination of a renal biopsy revealed deposition of immune
complexes on the basal membranes of the tubules and in the glomerular
mesangium. What disease developed in the patient?
- Lipoid nephrosis
- Necrotic nephrosis
+ Acute glomerulonephritis
?
In a male patient, who died from chronic renal insufficiency against a background
of a chronic renal disease, the kidneys are symmetrically reduced in size and
dense in consistency, their capsule is removed with difficulty exposing a grained
surface. On section, the cortical and medullary layers are thin, the renal tissue is
grey, dry and ischaemic. Name the pathological process in the kidneys.
- Arteriolosclerotic nephrosclerosis
+ Secondary shrunk kidneys
- Pyelonephritic kidneys
?
A histological examination of a 56-year-old male, who died from chronic renal
insufficiency, revealed the following changes: focal sclerosis and a
lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the interstice, mucous membranes of the pelves
and calyces, a metaplasia of the transitional epithelium into the stratified
squamous one, numerous encapsulated abscesses. The epithelium of the tubules
was in the state of dystrophy and necrosis. The lumens of solitary tubules were
dilated and filled with some colloid contents, the epithelium was flattened (the
tissue resembled the thyroid gland). The glomeruli were focally scleroid. Name
the pathological process.
- Necronephrosis
?
A microscopic examination of a renal biopsy revealed proliferation of the
nephrothelium of the Bowman's capsule, podocytes and macrophages with
formation of "crescent" structures which squeezed the glomeruli. The glomerular
capillaries were characterized by necrosis, some of them by sclerosis or
hyalinization. An oedema and a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the renal
stroma were observed. Name the renal pathology.
?
On macroscopic examination, the kidneys are enlarged and motley because of
alternation of light areas with foci of petechial haemorrhages, their surface is
smooth. Microscopically, some vascular loops of the glomeruli were in the state
of fibrinoid necrosis, the basal membranes of the capillaries were thickened and
appeared like "wire loops", the lumens of some capillaries contained hyaline
thrombi. Make a diagnosis.
- Necronephrosis
+ Lupus erythematosus nephritis
- Lipoid nephrosis
?
A 12-year-old boy, who had had streptococcal tonsillitis before, developed
oliguria, an increased blood pressure and oedemata in the facial region. A renal
biopsy revealed diffuse affection of all the glomeruli studied: hyperaemia, solitary
fibrin microthrombi in the lumens of the capillaries, dilation of the mesangium
and its infiltration by segmented leukocytes. Indicate the kind of
glomerulonephritis.
+ Acute exudative
- Chronic mesangial proliferative
- Chronic mesangial capillary
- Chronic fibroplastic
- Subacute extracapillary
?
An autopsy of a male revealed a prostatic adenoma and large kidneys with sharply
enlarged pelves and calyces filled with some transparent fluid. Name the process
in the kidneys.
- Polycystic kidneys
+ Hydronephrosis
- Tuberculosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
A 29-year-old male was admitted to a nephrological department complaining of
oedemata, headache, vomiting and nausea. His death was caused by uraemia. On
autopsy, his kidneys were significantly reduced in size and dense, their capsule
was removed with difficulty exposing a fine-grained surface, the cortical layer
was thinned on section. A microscopic examination of a renal biopsy revealed
that most of the glomeruli were scleroid, some of them were characterized by
dilation of the mesangium and proliferation of the mesangial cells. What disease
should be suspected?
+ Chronic glomerulonephritis
- Fulminating glomerulonephritis
?
On autopsy of a male, who suffered from hypertensive disease during his lifetime,
the kidneys were reduced in size and dense, their capsule was removed with
difficulty, and the surface was fine-grained. On section, there was an atrophy of
the renal parenchyma, particularly that of the cortical layer, the blood vessels
were in the form of thick tubules which did not collapse. A histological
examination revealed hyalinosis and sclerosis of small arteries, hyalinosis and
sclerosis of the larger part of the glomeruli, a reduced number of tubules, a
vegetation of the connective tissue in the stroma. Some glomeruli were
characterized by compensatory hypertrophy and their tubules were dilated. What
is your diagnosis?
- Secondaiy shrunk kidneys
+ Primary shrunk kidneys
- Fulminating glomerulonephritis
?
On autopsy of a 32-year-old female, who died from renal insufficiency, it was
found that the kidneys were enlarged and flaccid, their capsule was easily
removed exposing a motley surface. On section, the cortical layer was
oedematous and definitely delimited from the medullary one. A histological
examination revealed an expressed plethora of vessels, enlarged and oedematous
glomeruli, with clusters of erythrocytes and accumulation of some serous fluid in
the lumen of the Bowman's capsule. Some vascular loops of the glomeruli were
necrotized. An expressed peritubular and periglomerular lymphoidocytic
infiltration was observed. What is your diagnosis?
- Acute fibrinous glomerulonephritis
- Acute productive glomerulonephritis
- Acute tubulopathy
+ Acute haemorrhagic glomerulonephritis
?
An autopsy of a 70-year-old female, who died from renal insufficiency, revealed
dense kidneys which were reduced in size (each weighing 90 g). Their fibrous
capsule was removed with difficulty, exposing a rough-grained surface; on
section, the cortical substance was thinned, the tissue was dim. Histologically,
some glomeruli developed a proliferation of the epithelium in the Bowman's
capsule with crescent formations, while other glomeruli were characterized by
hyalinization. The stroma contained some lymphoid infiltrates, the vascular walls
were thickened, their lumens were narrowed. What is your diagnosis?
- Arterial nephrosclerosis
?
On autopsy of a female, who was suffering from bronchiectatic disease during 15
years and died of renal insufficiency, it was found that the kidneys were reduced
in size, dense and "sebaceous" by appearance, their surface was fine-grained.
Microscopically, the glomeruli were atrophied and substituted for a connective
tissue. There was accumulation of congophilic masses under the intima and
adventitia of the vessels, as well as in the basal membranes of the tubules and in
the renal stroma. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Malignant nephrosclerosis
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from chronic renal insufficiency, enlarged
kidneys with large tubera on their surface were found. On section, the kidneys
revealed numerous smooth-walled cysts filled with some transparent fluid. Name
the pathological process in the kidneys.
- Hydroureteronephrosis
+ Polycystic kidneys
- Hydronephrosis
- Pyonephrosis
- Hydrocalycosis
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from burn disease, enlarged swollen kidneys were
revealed; their fibrous capsule was easily removed and tense. On section, the
cortical layer was pale grey, wide and sharply delimited from the dark red
medullary one. Microscopically, there was necrosis of the renal tubules, in some
places with a destruction of the basal membranes, an oedema of the interstice, a
leukocytic infiltration and haemorrhages. Which of the diagnoses listed below
was the most probable?
- Chronic tubulopathy
+ Acute tubulopathy
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from renal insufficiency, revealed enlarged
kidneys with a tense fibrinous capsule which was easily removed. The cortical
layer was pale grey, the malpighian pyramids were dark red; there were
microfocal haemorrhages in the intermediary area of the kidneys and in the renal
pelves. A histological examination revealed dystrophy and necrosis in the
epithelium of the convoluted tubules, in some places with a destruction of the
basal membranes
mostly in the distal tubules (tubulorrhexis), there were casts in the lumens of the
tubules at different levels of the nephrones, an oedema of the interstice with its
leukocytic infiltration and haemorrhages. The lumens of the glomerular capsules
had an accumulation of the ultrafiltrate. Which of the diagnoses listed below was
the most probable?
+ Necronephrosis, the oligoanuric stage
- Necronephrosis, the shock stage
- Necronephrosis, the stage of restoration of diuresis
?
An autopsy of a 55-year-old female, who died from uraemia, revealed that her
kidneys were unevenly reduced in size, had a dense consistency, large tubera on
their surface and whitish cicatrices in the cortical layer. On section, the renal
pelves were dilated, their mucous membrane was whitish and thickened.
Microscopically, the renal interstice was characterized by a focal inflammation,
an atrophy and sclerosis of the renal tissue; the tubules were dilated and had
hyaline casts in their lumens. The arteries and veins were scleroid. Which of the
pathological processes in the kidneys was the most probable?
- Diabetic nephrosclerosis
- Primary shrunk kidneys
+ Pyelonephritic kidneys
?
A microscopic examination of a renal biopsy revealed some epithelial
proliferation in the Bowman's capsule and podocytes with formation of the
structures resembling "crescents", a focal necrosis of the glomerular tubules,
hyalinosis of solitary glomeruli, an oedema and an inflammatory infiltration of
the interstice, a parenchymatous cloudy swelling and fatty degeneration of the
nephrocytes, hyaline casts in the lumens of the tubules. Which of the diagnoses
listed below was the most probable?
- Acute extracapillary glomerulonephritis
- Acute intracapillary glomerulonephritis
+ Subacute extracapillary glomerulonephritis
- Chronic mesangial glomerulonephritis
- Fibroblastic glomerulonephritis
?
An autopsy of a male with a syndrome of prolonged compression revealed
enlarged swollen kidneys whose fibrous capsule was easily removed exposing a
pale grey cortical layer sharply delimited from dark red malpighian pyramids.
Histologically, there was necrosis in the epithelium of the tubules with
phenomena of tubulorrhexis, an obstruction of the tubules with detritus and
crystals of myoglobin, an oedema of the interstice and its infiltration by
heterophilic leukocytes. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Acute renal failure
- Haemolytic kidneys
?
Urinalyses of a 44-year-old male patient, who suffers from a chronic renal
disease, demonstrate persistent proteinuria. A microscopic examination of a renal
biopsy reveals some diffuse and even thickening of the basal membranes in the
glomerular capillaries with formation of their processes in the direction of the
podocytes ("small thorns"); the proliferation of the mesangiocytes was absent or
poorly expressed; there were small foci of sclerosis in the cortical layer and a fatty
degeneration of the epithelium of the proximal tubules. Make a diagnosis.
- Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
- Mesangial capillary glomerulonephritis
+ Membranous glomerulonephritis
- Lipoid nephrosis
- Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis
?
A microscopic examination of a renal biopsy revealed an expressed proliferation
of the mesangial cells with expulsion of their processes to the periphery of the
capillary loops (mesangial interposition), a diffuse thickening and doubling of the
basal membranes in the capillaries, and an accumulation of the mesangial matrix.
Indicate the diagnosis which was the most probable.
- Mesangial glomerulonephritis
- Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
- Membranous glomerulonephritis
+ Mesangial capillary glomerulonephritis
- Acute intracapillary glomerulonephritis
?
A 38-year-old male patient complained of dyspnoea, a cough with production of a
large amount of sputum, an elevated body temperature up to 38°C, and a reduced
urination. An X-ray examination revealed some focal shadow in the lungs, an
increased amount of urea and uric acid in the blood. The urine was characterized
by its low specific weight, presence of proteinuria and casts. The patient died two
weeks later. On autopsy, fibrinous-necrotic laryngotracheobronchitis, fibrinous-
haemorrhagic pneumonia and contracted kidneys were found. Which of the
- Chronic destructive bronchitis
- FibriuoLis-haemorrhagic pneumonia
- Influenza with pneumonic complications
+ Chronic renal insufficiency
?
An electron microscopy of a renal biopsy of a 10-year-old boy with expressed
oedemata and proteinuria revealed absence of small processes of the podocytes in
the glomeruli, the basal membranes of the capillaries were thickened, the
mesangium was insignificantly dilated. The lumens of dilated proximal tubules
contained hyaline and granular casts, the epithelium of the tubules had
phenomena of hyaline-drop, hydropic and fatty degeneration. The interstice
contained a lot of lipids and lipophages. Which of the diagnoses listed below was
the most probable?
+ Lipoid nephrosis
- Mesangial capillary glomerulonephritis
?
An autopsy of a 60-year-old female, who had suffered from bronchiectatic disease
for 15 years and died of renal insufficiency, revealed that the kidneys were
reduced in size, dense and "sebaceous" by appearance, their surface was
finegrained. Microscopically, the glomeruli were atrophied and substituted for a
connective tissue. There was accumulation of congophilic masses under the
intima and ndvcntitin of the vessels, as well in the basal membranes of the tubules
and in the renal stroma. Name the most probable diagnosis.
- Lipoid nephrosis
- Postnecrotic nephrosclerosis
?
On autopsy of a female, who died from uraemia, it was found that her kidneys
differed in size and their surface had large tubera; there were dense adhesions
between the renal surface and capsule. Microscopically, the renal tissue had foci
of the following changes: numerous encapsulated abscesses, an expressed
lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the interstice and a vegetation of the connective
tissue. The mucous membrane of the pelves had foci of metaplasia of the
transitional epithelium into the stratified one. The tubules were partly atrophied,
partly stretched and filled with some colloid-like contents. Which of the
?
Three weeks following a severe supercooling, a young male developed an
elevated body temperature, a pain in his lumbar region, oedemata, proteinuria and
haematuria. A renal biopsy demonstrated enlargement of the glomeruli, a plethora
of their capillaries, some eosinophilic fluid, fibrin and erythrocytes in the cavity
of the Bowman's capsule, the mesangium was infiltrated by polymorphonuclear
leukocytes. What diagnosis was the most probable?
- pyelonephritis
- Acute renal failure
+ Acute exudative glomerulonephritis
?
At the patient with glomerulonephritis in the biopsy material are found 21
glomerules, 3 from them are constantly hyalinizated, the other ones have an
apparent proliferation of endothelial and mesangial cells, the thickening and the
splitting of basal membrane of glomerular capillaries, their adhesion with the
capsule of glomerule. In the tubules are severe dystrophic changes up to the
necrosis of epithelium, an atrophy of a great number of tubules. There is an
apparent lymphohistiocytic infiltration in the stroma, sclerosis of stroma. What
from the
named changes have the most important prognostic meaning in the case in
question?
+ evidence of tubular-interstitial component
– Hyalinosis of glomerules
– Evidence of proliferation of glomerular cells
– Thickening of basal membranes of glomerular capillaries
– Adhesion of glomerular capillaries with their capsule
?
At the pregnant woman after cesarean section in the postoperative period arose a
massive uterine haemorrhage, which was stopped, but developed anuria.
Haemodialysis proved to be ineffective and the patient died on the 4th day after
the interference. At the autopsy the kidneys are a little increased in size, swollen,
the cortical substance is pale on the section, renal pyramids and intermediate zone
are plethoric. What kind of renal pathology made the operation complicated?
- Ischemic infarction
- Cyanotic induration
?
At the patient of 27 years old with an apparent nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing
over 3 g per day, at the puncture biopsy is found a minimal proliferation of
mesangial cells, the thickening of basal membrane of glomerular capillaries, the
dystrophy of epithelium of tubules up to the necrosis of its solitary cells. Choose
the correct diagnosis.
+ Membranous glomerulonephritis
– Idiopathic necrotic syndrome
– Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
– Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
– Renal amyloidosis
?
At the patient with glomerulonephritis in the biopsy material are found 21
glomerules, 3 from them are constantly hyalinizated, the other ones have an
apparent proliferation of endothelial and mesangial cells, the thickening and the
splitting of basal membrane of glomerular capillaries, their adhesion with the
capsule of glomerule. In the tubules are severe dystrophic changes up to the
necrosis of epithelium, an atrophy of a great number of tubules. There is an
apparent
lymphohistiocytic infiltration in the stroma, sclerosis of stroma. What from the
named changes have the most important prognostic meaning in the case in
question?
+ evidence of tubular-interstitial component
– Hyalinosis of glomerules
– Evidence of proliferation of glomerular cells
– Thickening of basal membranes of glomerular capillaries
– Adhesion of glomerular capillaries with their capsule
?
At the postmortem dissection of the patient of 60 years old has been discovered,
that both kidneys are decreased in size weighing about 50,0 g with a fine-grit
surface and evenly thin cortex, at the microscopic research the walls of the
arterioles are considerably thickened due to the deposits of homogeneous,
structureless masses of rose color in them, glomerules are diminished, sclerous,
canaliculi are atrophied. For what disease are these changes characteristic ?
+ Hypertensive illness
– Pyelonephritis with the renal scarring
– Lardaceous kidney
– Acute glomerulonephritis
– Membranoid nephropathy
?
A woman of 54 years old has been suffered from rhematoid arthritis for a long
time; she has been under medical treatment almost all the time. A death came at
the occurrence of chronic renal insufficiency. At the necropsy were discovered
increased in size kidneys [weight 350, 0], each of them is dense, anaemic on the
discission, with greatly thickened cortex of grayish-yellowish colour with
lardaceous shine. Which sequela of rhematoid arthritis has caused a development
of uremia?
+ secondary amyloidosis of kidneys
– acute necrotic nephrosis
– postinfectious glomerulonephritis
– rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
– chronic glomerulonephritis
?
A man of 33 years old died of uremia. At the necropsy are defined increased
kidneys (each one weighting 500, 0 g) consisting of plenty of cavities from 0,5 cm
to 1 cm and 2 cm, filled with a light yellow clear liquid. The pelvis and renal
ducts
are without any peculiarities. What kind of kidneys’ disease, which has caused
uremia, is this?
+ bilateral multicystic kidney disease
– chronic pyelonephritis
– nephroncus
– renal tuberculosis
– rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
?
The patient with the chronic renal insufficiency was biopsied. Histologically, in
the biopsy material of the kidney has been defined a diffuse intracapillary
glomerulosclerosis, dilatation and induration of mesangium, the thickening of
basal membrane of glomerules. Which disease is connected with the development
of this syndrome?
+ Diabetes mellitus
– Amyloidosis of kidneys
– Renal infarct
– Pyelonephritis
– Glomerulonephritis
?
A patient with arterial hypertension, changes in the analyses of urine and periodic
pain in the left lumbar area was made the biopsy of kidney with a diagnostic
purpose. At the histological research of biopsy material is found out a dilatation of
most tubules, chronic interstitial inflammation of different degree and fibrosis in a
cortical and medullar layer. Plenty of glomerules keep an ordinary histostructure.
Specify the most firm diagnosis.
– Chronic glomerulonephritis
– Arteriolar nephrosclerosis
– Nephrotic syndrome
?
A patient with an intravital diagnosis diabetes mellitus had high proteinuria,
edemas, arterial hypertension. At the necropsy, the kidneys are a bit decreased,
thickened, with retractions on the surface to 0, 6 cm; microscopically is defined a
diffuse excrescence of connective tissue into the renal tissue, acute hyalinosis of
mesangium and the destruction of glomerules. Name the clinical syndrome, which
has developed in this case.
+ Syndrome of Kimmelstil-Willson
– Syndrome of Bad-Kiari
– Syndrome of Waterhause-Fridericksen
– Syndrome of Lyarish
– Syndrome of Dressler
?
A 28 year old patient had high arterial pressure, hematuria and facial edemata. In
spite of treatment renal insufficiency was progressing. 6 months later the patient
died from uremia. Microscopic examination of his kidneys and their glomerules
revealed proliferation of capsule nephrothelium and of podocytes with "demilune"
formation, sclerosis and hyalinosis of glomerules. What disease corresponds with
the described picture?
– Chronic glomerulonephritis
– Nephrotic syndrome
– Acute pyelonephritis
?
At histological research of malignant tumour of mammary
gland it is found out that a tumour was built of low differentiated
untypical cells of epithelium origin, which formed
trabecules that are separated between themselves by the layers of connective
tissue, correlation of cells to stroma is approximately 1:1. Name the histological
variant of cancer.
+ scirrhous (fibrocarcinoma)
- small cell
- epidermoid
- solid
- adenocarcinoma
?
On dissection a prosector found out changes in kidneys:
increase of sizes, cortical layer is wide, yellow-grey with red specks, well
separated from a medullary substance which has crimson
colour. At histological research: excrescences of nephrothelium
and podocytes in the capsule of glomerules with formation of "demilunes",
sclerosis and hyalinize glomerules phenomena, fibrosis of stroma. About what
disease
of kidneys does speech go?
- interstitial nephritis
- intracapillar productive glomerulonephritis
- intracapillar exudative glomerulonephritis
- extracapillar exudative glomerulonephritis
+ extracapillar productive glomerulonephritis
?
At patient which was before ill with hematogenous tuberculosis,
hyperpigmentation of skin (melanosis) and mucous membranes, cachexy,
insufficiency of the cardiovascular system appeared. What disease did caused
such changes?
- disease of Greyvs
- disease of Simmonds
- pheochromocytoma
- disease of Itsenko-Kushing
+ Addison's disease
?
At a 40-years-old woman with the uterine bleeding on examination
sharp bulge of mucous membrane of uterus which had polypous
excrescences was detected. Microscopically - phase of proliferation in
endometrium, glands are
extended, coiled, the cristaes are happen to appear. Define a pathological process.
+ ferrous hyperplasia of endometrium
- endometritis
- polyposis of neck of uterus
- endocervicosis
- cancer of uterus
?
Patient K. 58 years long time suffered from chronic glomerulonephritis.
Death came while the manifestations of chronic uremia. On dissection was
discovered
kidneys weighing for 50.0 each, with a fine-grained surface. At
microscopic research of kidneys most glomerules are hyalinize.
What most credible form of glomerulonephritis did this patient have?
- membranous
- postinfectious
+ fibroplastic
- mesangiocapillary
- mesangioproliferative
?
At histological research of nodule in resected mammary gland
complexes of untypical polymorphic epithelium cells of different sizes and forms
with the presence of clearances in the center of complexes were exposed among
abundant stroma. Cells have large nuclei, increased number of nucleoluses and
nuclear inclusions, with the presence of untypical mitoses. Set
supposed diagnosis.
- adenocarcinoma
- undifferentiated polymorphocellular cancer
- squamous cell nonkeratinizing cancer
+ solid cancer
- fibroadenoma of mammillar gland
?
For the woman of 52 years in an ovary neoformation of the rounded form,
with clear borders, 2,5cm in diameter was found out, on a cut there is a
cavity with the presence of great number of small evaginations to lumen. What is
the
macroscopic form of neoformation?
- Infiltrate
- Nodule
+ Cyst
- Nodule with necrosis in a center
- Ulcer
?
At research of internal organs of fetus, who died in a result of tight
cord entanglement round a neck and development of asphyxia, it is discovered that
the wall of most arterioles is homogeneous, eosinophilic, sharply SHIK-positive,
impregnated with compound substance. Metachromasia at
toluidine blue staining is absent. What of stromal-vascular
dystrophy does speech go about?
- Amyloidosis
+ Fibrinous swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Mucoid swelling
- Hyaline-dropsy dystrophy
?
At dissection of dead body of a man of 61 years, that suffered from rheumatoid
arthritis,
there were found kidneys, that are enlarged in sizes, very dense, yellowy-white,
with wax-like brilliance, with areas of scarry (cicatrical) valleys on surface.
At Congo-Rot staining depositions of homogenous pink masses in capillary loops
of glomerules, in walls of arteriols arteries, in basal membrane of tubules and in
basal membrane are determined. Development of what process was the rheumatoid
arthritis complicated by?
- Acute nephrotic necrosis
+ Secondary (acquired) amyloidosis of kidneys
- Fibroplastic glomerulonephritis
- Fats progressing glomerulonephritis
- Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
?
At microscopic research of nephrobioptate the presence of demilunes is detected
more than in 50% of glomerules capillary loops are necrotized, in its lumen
fibrinous thrombi are revealed, tubulointerstitial component is strongly
pronounced. What renal disease is it necessary to think about?
- Lipoid nephrosis
+ Fast progressing glomerulonephritis
- Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis
- Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis
?
Nephrobiopsy was made to a man of 21. The following changes were detected:
proliferation of mesangial cells, swelling and proliferation of endothelium cells,
enlarging of mesangial matrix, diffuse bulge and glomerular basal membrane
division into two, moderately expressed
tubulointerstitial component. At electron-microscopic investigation interposition
of mesangium, diffuse and uneven thickening of basal membrane is detected.
What form of glomerulonephritis did develop at a patient?
+ Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis
- Fast progressing glomerulonephritis
?
At a patient 43 years old, that had an operation, concerning malignant tumour of
uterine body, in postoperational period massive bleeding at the operational wound
developed, amount of urine decreased to 150ml in a day an don a 6th day she
died. On dissection kidneys are enlarged, fibrous capsule is stretched, cortex layer
is wide, of a pale grey colour, clear delimited from cyanotic dark red pyramids.
At
histological research there are necrosis and serious dystrophy of epithelium of
contorted tubules- tubulorrhexis. What condition did develop at a patient?
- Secondary (acquired) amyloidosis of kidneys
- Lipoid nephrosis
+ Acute nephrotic necrosis
?
At dissection of a body of a man of 67 the lithium of coral-like form, which fulfill
all the pelvis of right kidney is detected. Right kidney is enlarged, plethoric;
capsule is difficult to be taken off, cavities of pelvises and calyces
are extended, filled with turbid greenish-yellow liquid its mucous membrane is
dull, with focuses of hemorrhages . On cut renal tissue is motley, with yellow
areas with diameter up to 1 cm. What complication of urolithiasis did develop at a
patient?
- Tumour of kidney
+ Chronic pyelonephritis with exacerbation
?
Woman of 30 years while passing the prophylactic examination at gynecologist
didn't present any problems (complaints). in anamnesis there is chronic
endocervicitis. At examination of biopsy material in vaginal part of uterine high
cylindrical epithelium, that secrete mucus was detected, under epithelium are
branched glands. What process was found?
+ Endocervicosis
- Glandular metaplasia
- Erythroplakia
- Planocellular metaplasia
- Leukoplakia
?
At necropsy of patient 47 years old, died of chronic renal insufficiency, the
hypertrophy of left ventricle is found. What macroscopic description most full
answer to this diagnosis?
- Mass of heart is 360,0 thickness of wall of left ventricle is 0,9 cm, right - 0,8 cm.
- Mass of heart is 450,0, cavities of heart are extended, papillary and trabecular
muscles are thickened, thickness of muscle of left ventricle is 2 cm, right - 1 cm
- Mass of heart is 220,0. Thickness of wall of left ventricle is 0,6 cm, right - 0,3
cm.
+ Mass of heart is 400,0 thickness of wall of left ventricle is 2 cm , right 0,4 cm
- Mass of heart is 280,0 thickness of wall of left ventricle of is 1 cm, right
ventricle 0,3 cm
?
A patient, 65 years, is operated in an urology department for adenomatous
hyperplasia of prostate gland. During an operation
it is discovered that the wall of urinary bladder is thickened up to 1 cm It can be
explained by:
- Hormonal hyperplasia
- Vicarial hypertrophy
+ Work hypertrophy
- Hormonal hypertrophy
- Protective hyperplasia
?
Patient, 72 years old, suffering from saccharine diabetes, was admitted to surgical
department with the protractedly nonhealing (recalcitrant) ulcer of shin. In 3
weeks treatment at examination of ulcer the bottom of it looks soft, juicy, rose
colored fine-grained surface. What histological description
does answer this process?
- Among mature fibred connecting tissue there are the sharply extended vessels
- Laminated (stratified) keratinizing pavement epithelium
+ A great amount of the thin-walled capillaries and proliferating cells of
connecting tissue
- Extensive necrosis. Accumulation of segmentonuclear leucocytes
- Presence of fibroblasts and collagenic fiber bundles
?
At punctional biopsy in transplanted kidney diffuse infiltration by lymphocytes,
plasmocytus, lymphoblasts and necrotic arteritis. What pathologic process has
developed in transplantant?
+ Immune rejection
- Ischemic damage of kidney
- Tubulonecrosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
For a young man for a year the kidney insufficiency has been making progress
with a mortal end. At a cut the large mottled kidneys with red shallow drops in a
yellow-grey cortical
layer are found. Histological "demi-lunia" from proliferating
nephrothelium is exposed. What is your diagnosis?
- Cancer of kidney
- Amyloidosis
- Hemorrhage in kidneys
+ Glomerulonephritis
- Purulent nephrite
?
At an elderly woman with metrorrhagia in menopause at pathohistological
research of scrape of mucous membrane of neck of uterus excrescences of
atypical epithelium with formation of the so-called "cancer pearls" are detected.
Your diagnosis?
+ Planocellular (squamous cell) cancer with cornification
- Mucous cancer
- Adenocarcinoma
- Planocellular cancer without a cornification
?
For a girl with hyperglycemia and high title of antibodies to pancreatic
beta-cells diminishing of amounts and degranulation of beta-cells of pancreatic
island (islet of Langerhans),
and also their lymphoid infiltration are detected in biopsy material of pancreas.
Your diagnosis?
- Vascular saccharine diabetes
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Lymphoma of pancreas
+ Autoimmune saccharine diabetes
- Acute pancreatitis
?
A patient with fibrocavernous tuberculosis died at the increasing phenomena
of kidney insufficiency. On dissection is a smell of urine, hypertrophy
of left ventricle, fibrinous pericarditis, fibrinous-haemorrhagic
enterocolitis. Kidneys is slightly diminished in sizes, very dense,
with plural retractions. Histologically on preparations stained by
Congo-Rot there are pink masses in glomerules and walls of vessels, death
and atrophy of majority of nephrons, nephrosclerosis. Make the description of
kidneys at this pathology.
- Atherosclerotically-contracted kidneys
- Arteriolosclerotic (secondary-contracted) kidneys
- Primary-contracted kidneys
+ Amyloid contracted kidneys
- Pyelonephritic contracted kidneys
?
At patient while palpation of thyroid gland nodule 2 cm in a diameter
was revealed. At histological research large epithelium cells
with a light oxyphil cytoplasm, which overgrow
among the follicles filled by a colloid are determined. Your diagnosis ?
- Papillary adenoma
- Follicle adenoma
- Papillary cancer
- Follicle cancer
+ Solid adenoma
?
A patient is operated concerning the tumour of uterus. Macropreparation: spongy
mottled nodule is in myometrium. Histologically there are large light
epithelium cells a lot of dark polymorphic cells are among them.
Stroma is absent, vessels have the appearance of cavities, covered by cells of
tumour. The plural hemorrhages are revealed. What is the name of detected
tumour?
- Cavernous hemangioma
- Medullar cancer
- Malignant cystic (hydratidiform, grape) mole (mole destruens)
- Adenocarcinoma
+ Chorioepithelioma
?
A man 46 years old sharply felt ill after recent quinsy. In the first
weeks of disease oliguria with high specific weight
of urine was revealed. There was persistent hypertensia on the
2nd month of illness. At increasing phenomena of kidney insufficiency
of patient died on a 5th month after the beginning of illness.
What pathological changes in kidneys are most credible
at histological research?
- Infiltration of mesangium and capillary loops by neutrophilic granulocytes
- Necrosis of epithelium of contorted tubules of nephrons and tubulorrhexis
- Proliferation of mesangiocytes and damages of membranes of glomerular
capillaries
- Proliferation of mesangiocytes and expansion of mesangium
+ Proliferation of epithelium of capsule of nephrons and podocytes
?
A patient long time was ill with hypertensive illness and died
from a hemorrhage in a brain. On dissection kidneys are thinned,
dense consistency, their surface is fine-grained, cortical layer is
thinned. What microscopic changes are characteristic for a kidney?
- Secondary-contracted kidneys
+ Primary-contracted kidneys
-Amyloid contracted kidneys
-Infarction of kidney
?
At patient appear enlarging of thyroid in 2 times. While palpation
a gland is dense, surface unevenly knobby. At histological
research is diffuse infiltration of tissue of gland by lymphocytes, plasmatic cells
with formation of follicles and increased
excrescence of connecting tissue. What disease does take a place at patient?
- Diffuse toxic goiter
- Sporadic goiter
+ Goiter of Hashimoto
- Endemic goiter
- Goiter of Reedel
?
At patient of 53 years, protractedly suffering from multiply bronchiectasis,
hemoptysis, edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back, in
urine is an albumen 33 mgs/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding.
Result of autopsy: kidneys are enlarged in volume, made more the compact,
surface cut has a lardaceous appearance. Deposition of homogeneous
eosinophilic masses which is selectively stained by Congo-Rot and give
metachromasy with methyl violet is histological marked in glomerules and
along tubules. What pathological process did take a place in kidneys in this case?
+ Amyloidosis
- Hyalinosis
- Lipoid dystrophy
- Granular dystrophy
- Mucoid swelling
?
For a young woman suddenly terminating pregnancy came on
20 week. Meanwhile from an uterus the whole fetal ovum
(fetal and integuments) was extracted, clots of blood. At histological
research fetal integument, chorion shags and decidual tissue were
detected. Name type of pathology of pregnancy.
+ Spontaneous complete abortion
- Cystic mole destruens
- Artificial abortion
- Cystic mole
- Premature births
?
A patient 50 years protractedly suffered the disease of parathyroid glands.
At the phenomena increasing kidney insufficiency a patient died.
On dissection: deformation of bones of extremities, spine, ribs,
bones are easily cut by knife. Kidneys are contracted. Histological: in a bone
tissues are hearths of lacunar resorption. In the hearths of tumular formations
giant-cell granulomea, accumulations of red corpuscles and hemosiderin are
found. How is this disease named?
- Myeloma
- Chronic kidney insufficiency
+ Parathyroid osteodystrophy
- Plural metastases of cancer to bones
- Illness of Pedget
?
At patient 65 years, protractedly suffering from saccharine diabetes
increase of arterial pressure, be swollen, proteinuria are marked.
Death followed chronic kidney insufficiency. On autopsy
contracted kidneys, in glomerules focal hyalinosis of vascular
loops,
sclerosis of stroma, atrophy of tubules were found. Name most credible
in this case reason of nephrosclerosis.
+ Diabetic glomerulosclerosis
- Amyloidosis of kidneys
- Hypertensive illness
- Pyelonephritis
?
Elderly patient, that has been suffering hypertensive illness for a long time,
died from the uremia phenomena. It is discovered on autopsy: hypertrophied
heart and diffuse cardiosclerosis; kidneys are little, dense, with fine-grained
surface, a capsule is taken off hardly. Histological in kidneys
the collapse of arteriols of glomerules and their sclerosis are marked. Some
glomerules
are substituted by a homogeneous eosinophilic substance, not stained Congo-Rot;
tubules are atrophied. How is it properly to name the changes of kidneys described
higher?
- Amyloid-contracted kidneys
?
A patient complains on bad sleep, general weakness, irritation, goggle-eyedness,
tachycardia. A thyroid is enlarged. At the phenomena of increasing
cardiovascular insufficiency patient died. At histological
research of thyroid there is proliferation of epithelium with papillae formation,
with dilution of colloid, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration,
forming of lymphatic follicles with embryonic centers.
How is this disease named?
+ Diffuse toxic goiter (Basedow's illness)
- Sporadic goiter
- Benignant tumour of thyroid
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Endemic goiter
?
At patient, protractedly suffering from saccharine diabetes
increasing kidney insufficiency appeared. The punctional biopsy of kidney is
made.
What microscopic changes from the side of mesangium and membranes
of tubular capillaries can be discovered in kidney biopsy material?
- Atherosclerosis
+ Hyalinosis of mesangium and necrosis of glomerules.
- Amyloidosis
- Destructive vasculitis
- Calcinosis
?
At the patient of 52 years diagnosis violation of ovarian-menstrual
cycle, which was accompanied by meno- and metrorrhagia, increasing
weakness, anaemia was put. At histological research
characteristic morphological changes of mucous membrane of uterus
was revealed. Define character of pathological process.
- Hypertrophy
- Atrophy
- Sclerosis
- Metaplasia
+ Hyperplasia
?
At patient with prostatopathy permanent derangement of urine
excrete is observed, the operation of prostatectomy was
performed in this connection. During operation -
the wall of urinary bladder is thickened, mucous membrane of pink
colors, lumen of bladder is diminished. Determine character of pathological
process in the wall of urinary bladder.
- Metaplasia
- Hypoplasia
- Atrophy
+ Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
?
At research of tumour of uterus (postoperational material)
macroscopically - soft consistency, with hemorrhages and areas of focal necrosis
reminds 'fish meat'. At histological research is established
sign of expressed cellular and tissue atypizmus,
cells with pathological mitoses are met. Put diagnose.
+ Sarcoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Fibroma
- Angioma
- Lipoma
?
At histological research of biopsy material of vaginal part of neck of
uterus at a patient 47 years with protractedly not healing erosion
signs of cellular atypizmus are exposed;
basal membrane - is without changes.
Put diagnose.
- Endometriosis
- Adenocarcinoma
- Papilloma
- Erosion
?
At man of 34 years with tuberculosis of adrenal gland skin on dissection has grey-
brown color, arterial pressure (lifetime) was lowered,
there was adynamia and decrease of level of 17-oxycorticosteroids in
urine and plasma of blood. Imbalance of what pigment caused clinical
manifestations at patient?
- Lipochrome
- Bilirubin
- Lipofuscin
+ Melanin
- Hemosiderin
?
At a patient 28 years old numerous recurring peptic ulcers of gastric
and duodenum are found. A diagnosis- Zollinger-Ellison's
syndrome is put. Specify what tumour this syndrome is connected with.
- Adenoma of adrenal cortex.
- Carcinoid of transversal-rim bowel.
+ Tumour of islets of pancreas.
- Pheochrymocytoma.
- Adenocarcinoma of pancreas.
?
At patient with saccharine diabetes the signs of increasing kidney
insufficiency appeared . What process at kidneys is a reason of it?
- Amyloidosis
+ Glomerulosclerosis
- Interstitial
- Necrosis of epithelium of contorted tubules
?
For a 38-years-old patient concerning the dysfunctional uterine bleeding
scraping of endometrium is made. It is discovered: glands are cyst-like
extended, contorted, cells of glands in the phase of proliferation. What process
did arise up in endometrium?
+ Hyperplasia glandulocystica of endometrium
- Adenocarcinoma
- Endometritis
- Atrophy of endometrium
?
A patient 49 years was admitted concerning pain in small of the back. At
the ULTRASONIC a stone in the very extended pelvis and calyces of right
kidney is exposed. Nephrectomia is executed: in kidney pelvises and calyces
sharply
stretched, filled a transparent rather yellow liquid, parenchyma
kidneys is very thin. Diagnose changes in a kidney.
- Hypernephroid cancer of kidney
- Cortical necrosis of kidney
- Primary-contracted kidney
+ Hydronephrosis of kidney
?
On the basis of immunological and histochemical researches of biopsy material of
kidneys from a woman 28 years old lupous glomerulonephritis is diagnosed.
Name a morphological test on the basis of which this pathology the was diagnosed.
- A presence of lymphatic follicles is in stroma of kidney
+ Presence of DNA-positive hematoxylin bodies
- A presence of Sudan-positive inclusions is in vessels' intima
- Plasmatization of stroma
- Hyalinosis of glomerules of kidney
?
A patient with fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis died of chronic
to pulmocardiac insufficiency. During the last months
there was pronounced proteinuriya. On dissection: kidneys are enlarged,
dense, with a wax-like (lardaceous) surface on a cut. What changes
in kidneys at this form of tuberculosis could cause proteinuria?
- Tuberculosis of kidneys
+ Amyloidosis of kidneys
- Nephrolithiasis
?
At a patient 55 years old the recurring uterine bleeding appeared.
The diagnostic scraping of cavity of uterus is done. In scrape of
endometrium among the elements of blood the glandulous elements
of different sizes and forms formed by atypical cells with hyperchromic
nucleuses, numerous mitoses (including pathological) are visible..
About what process is it possible to think?
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Glandulous hyperplasia of endometrium
?
At a patient from the mountain district of Middle Asia increase of thyroid
glands is exposed, which hampered swallowing. Increases of body mass
sluggishness, somnolence, puffy face were noticed. At microscopic
research in a thyroid - different sizes follicles with hypochromic
colloid. What from diagnoses is most possible?
- Sporadic goitre
- Basedow's illness
- Goitre of Redeel
- Thyroiditis of Hashimoto
+ Endemic goitre
?
At histological research of prostate gland, operatively
removed from man of 72 years, which complained on difficulty of urination,
it is detected: increase of amount of glandulous and muscular elements.
Lobular structure of gland is disturbed. What process in prostate
is most possible?
- Prostatitis
- Mixed form of prostatopathy
+ Muscular-fibrous hyperplasia
- Glandulous hyperplasia
- Adenocarcinoma
?
On dissection of woman 45 years old, that in the time of life suffered from obesity
on the overhead type ,steroid saccharine diabetes, arterial high blood pressure,
second dysfunction of ovaries: hyperkeratosis, hirsutism,
striae on the skin of thighs and stomach. There is a tumour in the front lobe of
hypophysis
(microscopically: basophil (pituitary) adenoma); there is hyperplasia in adrenal
fascicular layer. What from the transferred diagnoses is most possible?
+ Illness of Itsenko-Cushing
- Illness of Simmonds
- Hypophysial nanism
- Syndrome of Itsenko-Cushing
- Adiposogenital dystrophy
?
At microscopic research of kidney biopsy proliferation of
epithelium of capsule of glomerules and podocytes with formation of structures,
which remind demilunes; in the lumen of capsules of glomerules
is fibrin's accumulation, hearth necrosis of capillary loops, hyalinosis of separate
glomerules, edema of stroma of kidney, dystrophy of nephrocytes, hyaline
cylinders
in lumens of tubules. What from enumerated diagnoses is most possible?
- Acute intracapillar glomerulonephritis
- Acute extracapillar glomerulonephritis
?
Patient of D., 56 years old, typesetter of printing-house, long time was ill
by hypertensive illness, oliguria, anury developed, in blood there are
anaemia, urea - 28,2 mmol/l, creatinine - 1,18 mmol/l. On a cut
kidneys are considerably diminished (weight of both kidneys of 80 g), surface is
fine-grained, on a cut dividing into cortical and medullar layers is absent. In
addition, it is found out fibrinous pericarditis, fibrinous bronchopneumonia,
fibrinous pleurisy. How is it possible to name changes in kidneys?
+ Primary contracted kidneys
- Pyelonephritically-contracted kidneys.
?
At dissection of child 6 of months, dying of sepsis, absence
thymus glands, diminishing of sizes and mass of spleen are detected. At
microscopic
research of spleen there is absence of periarterial T-dependent
areas of follicles with depletion of red pulp; in lymphatic
nodules is absence of pericortical area, that is mainly presented
by T-lymphocytes. B-zones in the peripheral organs of the immune system are
normally developed. What pathological process is most possible?
- Syndrome of Glantsman-Riniker (insufficiency of cellular and humoral
immunity)
- Accidental involution of thymus
- Syndrome of Bruton (insufficiency of humoral immunity)
- VIH-infection
+ Syndrome of Digiorgi (insufficiency of cellular immunity)
?
At dissection of new-born child, in age 3 days, died
from congenital pneumonia, diminishing of sizes and mass of
thymus glands is detected. At microscopic research in its lobules
a clear border between cortex and medullar substance is not found out in
a result of lymphoid depletion of both areas; in a medullar substance
the plural, of different sizes bodies of thymus gland
(Hassal's corpuscles), with the phenomena of keratosis and
calcinosis are found; interlobular connecting tissue is developed
beyond measure. What from the enumerated
pathological processes in thymus is most possible?
- Aplasia
- Thymomegalia
- Hypotrophy
+ Accidental involution of thymus
- Atrophy
?
On necropsy of woman of 59 years diffusely enlarged
thyroid of dense consistency, joint with surrounding
tissues was found. On a cut tissue of gland is whitish, homogeneous. At
histological research: a big amount of lymphoid follicles, diffuse
and small-focal sclerosis, clump of oxyphil cells part of which
enters into the composition of follicles. Specify the disease detected on a section.
Diagnose thyroid.
+ Autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Diffuse goitre
- Macrofollicular colloid goitre
- Microfollcular toxic goitre
- Toxic adenoma
?
A woman 36 years after mushrooms' poisoning died on a
background of acute renal insufficiency. What morphological
sign allowed to diagnose stage of kidney insufficiency?
- Interstitial swelling
- Tubulorrhexis
+ Regeneration of epithelium of tubules
- Dystrophy of epithelium of contorted tubules
?
At histological research of nodule in an resected mammary gland
among abundant stroma complexes of atypical polymorphic epithelium
cells of different sizes and forms with the presence of clearances
in the center of complexes are found. Cells with large nuclei, presence
of atypical mitoses. Put a diagnose.
- Solid cancer
- Planocellular nonkeratinizing cancer
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Undifferentiated polymorphocellular cancer
- Fibroadenoma of mammary gland
?
At autopsy of man middle-aged, protractedly suffering from bronchoectatic
disease, it is discovered that both adrenal glands are sharply enlarged in a volume
due to a cortical layer. Adrenals has cartilaginous consistency, pale,
have a lardaceous appearance. Microscopically along reticular stroma, in walls
of vessels the deposition of structureless, homogeneous, of pink
colors masses is marked. Painted Congo- Rot masses in the polarized light
possess a chlorine double refraction and dichroism. These
changes argue about the presence:
+ Amyloidosis
- Mucoid swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Lipidosis
?
At microscopic research of kidneys there is detected necrosis of epithelium
of contorted tubules, ischemia of cortical layer and plethora of medullar.
Name this pathological process.
- Urolithiasis
- Pyelonephritis
- Polycystosis
?
At patient of 53 years death came from uremia. On dissection kidneys
are diminished in sizes, grey-whitish coloured. Microscopically: numerous
glomerules are substituted by hyaline-like masses, in some
excrescence of cells which form demilunes are detected. Most credible it is:
- Pyelonephritis
- Urolithiasis
- Amyloidosis
?
A patient which suffered chronic purulent ostemyelitis died
from chronic kidney insufficiency. On dissection the large,
dense kidneys of white-yellow color with lardaceous brilliance on cuts are found.
Your diagnosis:
- Acute necrotic nephrosis
- Septic nephrite
?
In bioptate kidneys of patient with progressing kidney insufficiency
pathological changes are localized in glomerules: cavities of capsule of
glomerules extended and filled with proliferating epithelium. Your diagnosis:
- Pyelonephritis
- Cancer of kidney
?
For a young woman in connection with sharp pains uterine tube
with focal expansion of the its middle third, filled with blood is
resected. At histological research choroidal villi large fields of red
corpuscles with the admixture of leucocytes are found in orifice of
uterine tube.
Your diagnosis:
- Hemorrhage in an uterine tube
- Haemorrhagic salpingitis
- Purulent salpingitis
+ Tubal (fallopian) pregnancy
- Acute purulent salpingitis
?
At histological research of operatively resected thyroid
glands it is detected: moderate atrophy of parenchyma, sclerosis, diffuse
infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes and plasmatic cells with forming of
lymphoid follicles. Your diagnosis from data of histological research?
- Thyreotoxic goitre
- Parenchymatous goitre
- Goitre of Redeel
- Thyroiditis
+ Hashimoto's goitre
?
Patient 28 years old, entered hospital with extensive burns 40% of body's
surface I - II degree. On the third day of treatment died. During a section
such changes from the side of kidneys: acute venous plethora of
pyramids, necrosis of tubules of main parts, cylinders are in it clearances.
What reason of death is most possible in this case?
+ Acute renal insufficiency
- Amyloidosis of kidney
?
During pathoanatomical dissection of man of 52 years, which
died because of infarction of myocardium the followings changes are detected in
kidneys:
on the capillary loops of glomerules there are fibrinous depositions, epithelium of
narrow
segment of nephrone is high, a cytoplasm is light. In the epithelium of tubules
glycogen is found out. What pathology of kidneys is most credible in this case?
+ Diabetic glomerulonephritis
- Primary contracted kidney
- Acute renal insufficiency
?
At a man of 23 years after nephrectomy in a cortical layer and pyramids of right
kidney destructive process with formation of cavities, outside of
which there is infiltration of interstitial kidney tissue by lymphocytes and
histiocytes
(macrophages) is microscopically found out. Specify, what from enumerated
diagnoses is most possible?
+ Hydronephrosis.
- Polycystic kidney.
- Pertaining to apostema nephrite.
- Retention cysts of kidneys.
- Tuberculosis of kidneys.
?
At microscopic research of umbilical vein of a new-born,
died of intoxication, it is found: wall of vessel - with diffuse inflammatory
infiltration, in it's lumen is an obstructive thrombus with a big amount
of neutrophilic leucocytes with the phenomena of karyorrhexis and colonies of
bacteria.
Specify, what consequences of thrombosis of stated below is most possible?
- Organization and canalization of thrombus
- Petrifaction of thrombus
+ Septic autolysis
- Aseptic autolysis
- Transformation into thromboembole
?
In surgical department in hospital there was a patient, that
seven days later was extracted a kidney. What will a vicarial hypertrophy of kidney
be due to?
- Transformation
- Regeneration
- Granulation
- Proliferation
+ Hyperplasia
?
From anamnesis appears, that man, 25 years, a few a weeks ago
sharply fell ill: temperature increase up to 39(, general weakness, pain
in loin, pyuria, bacteriuria (Escherichia coli). Illness was steadily
progressing and came to death. Pathoanatomically: stone
in a right ureter. A right kidney is enlarged, swelled, pelvis
and calyxes are extended, filled with a pus, mucous membrane of pelvis and
interstitial
tissue are infiltrated by leucocytes:thre are extensive areas of the purulent
dissolution of
renal tissues, papillonecrosis. Define the disease of kidney.
- Nephrosclerosis
- Nephrolithiasis
?
For a woman 30 years old criminal abortion was a reason of infection of uterus
and development of sepsis which resulted in death. On dissection was discovered:
purulent endometritis with purulent lymphadenitis in infection atrium, metastatic
abscesses in lungs, kidneys, myocardium; septic spleen, dystrophic
changes of parenchymatous organs. A streptococcus was sown from blood.
Define clinically-anatomic form of sepsis.
- Granulomatous sepsis
- Septicemia
- Chroniosepsis
+ Septicopyemia
?
A patient during for many years suffered multiple bronchiectasis,
died in result of chronic kidney insufficiency and uremia.
On dissection a few diminished, very dense, with uneven
surface of lardaceous appearance on the cut kidneys was detected. What disease
does such macroscopic type of kidneys correspond?
- Pyelonephritis
?
A patient with diabetes mellitus died of chronic kidney insufficiency
(CRI) with uremia development. During a section all of presentations of uremia
with the changes of kidneys were detected. What most credible microscopic
changes do take a place in kidneys?
+ Sclerosis and hyalinosis of glomerules
- Necrosis epithelium of nephrone's tubules
- Hyaline cylinders are in lumen of nefrone's tubules
- Ischemia of cortical substance
- Spasm of bringing arteriols
?
At histological research of scrape of mucous membrane of uterus at patient
(54) with the clinical diagnosis irregularities of ovarian-menstrual
cycle there was found excrescences of mucous structures which consists of
cells with hyperchromic nuclei, figures of mitosises, atypia. Changes
in mucous structures are accompanied by violation of integrity of basal
membranes. What pathological process the detected microscopic changes
are typical for?
- Mucous hyperplasia of endometrium
- Chorioepithelioma of uterus
- Acute endometritis
- Placental polypus
?
At patient, that sustained a severe injury of inferior limb,
(crippled) urine wasn't excreting for a few days. In a result
of kidney insufficiency patient died. A fatal outcome is
conditioned by:
+ Circulatory disturbance (embarrassment, interference with
blood fllow) in the cortical layer of kidneys
- Defeat of juxtaglomerular glomeruli
- Circulatory disturbance in the cerebral layer of kidneys
- Defeat of receiving tube
?
At patient of 53 years, protractedly suffering from multiple bronchiectasis,
haemoptysis, edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back; in
urine - protein 33 mg/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding. Results
of autopsy: kidneys are enlarged in volume, compessed, surface of cut
has a lardaceous appearance. Histologically sedimentation
of homogeneous eosinophilic masses which are selectively
stained by Congo-Rot and give metachromasy with
methylene blue in glomeruli and along tubules is marked.
What pathological process is presented in kidneys in this case?
- Fatty (adipose) dystrophy
- Hyalinosis
+ Amyloidosis
- Mucoid swelling
?
During an operation concerning the tumour of ovary in abdominal
emptiness of woman 2 litres of hemorrhagic liquid, on a peritoneum -
e big amount of whitish nodules in a diameter of 0,5 cm was found. At cytobiopsy
excrescences of cancer cells are detected in nodules. What process did develop in
abdominal cavum?
- Tuberculosis
- Fibroplastic peritonitis
- Ascites
+ Carcinomatosis of peritoneum
?
At a patient with immunological disorders insufficiency
of adrenal cortex developed. At puncture biopsy in cortex
of adrenals lymphoid infiltrates and substitutive
fibrosis instead adenocytes were found: Addison's disease is
diagnosed. What is the genesis of this disease?
- Inflammatory
+ Autoimmune
- Tumourous
- Dyshormonal
- Exchange-metabolic
?
At a young woman after births complicated by massive bleeding,
a refractory anury and hyperazotemia developed two days later. At puncture biopsy
necrosis of glomeruli and tubules of cortical layer is detected.
What process did appear at a woman?
- Acute reflectory anury
- Tubular necrosis of kidneys
+ Cortical necrosis of kidneys
- Medullar necrosis of kidneys
?
At a young woman was suffering from metrorrhagiae, on an operation
red, soft, spongy, bleeding tumour, made of atypical
syncytial cells and cells of trophoblast, that intergrow from
endometrium in myometrium. Your diagnosis?
- Cancer of uterus
- Fibromyoma
- Myosarcoma
- Hemangioma
+ Choriocarcinoma
?
At patient with obesity of overhead third of trunk, hyperglycemia and
arterial hypertensia, concentration of adrenocorticosteroids in blood
is increased. In the anterior lobe of hypophysis a tumour in a diameter of
5 mm made of basophilic cells is found. Formulate the most exact clinical
diagnosis:
+ Cushing's disease
- Adenoma of hypophysis
- Prolactinoma
- Diabetes insipidus
- Acromegalia
?
A patient 50 years protractedly suffered from disease of parathyroid glands.
On dissection: deformation of bones of extremities, spine, ribs.
Bones are easily cut by knife. Kidneys are contracted. Histologically: in a bone
tissue - foci of lacunar resorption. In the foci of tumular formations
giantcellular granulomas, accumulations of red corpuscles and
hemosiderin are found.How is this disease named?
+ Plural metastases of cancer to the bone
- Pedget's disease
- Multiple myeloma ( Kahler's disease)
?
Elderly patient, long time suffering from hypertensive disease,
died at phenomena uremia. It is discovered on autopsy: hypertrophied
surface, capsule separates difficulty. Histologically in kidneys
collapse of arteriols of glomeruli and its sclerosis is marked. Some glomeruli
are substituted by homogeneous eosinophilic substance, not Congo-Rot stained;
tubules are atrophied. What is the properly name of kidneys' changes described
higher.
?
At patient 65 years old, protractedly suffering diabetes mellitus
increase of arterial pressure, edemata, proteinuria are marked. Death came
from chronic kidney insufficiency. On autopsy
contracted kidneys, in glomeruli focal hyalinosis of vascular loops,
sclerosis of stroma, atrophy of tubules are detected. Name most credible
- Pyelonephritis
- Hypertensive disease
?
palpitation, tachycardia. The diffusely enlarged thyroid
gland is palpated. At the phenomena increasing cardio-vascular insufficiency
a patient died. On dissection: hypertrophy of heart, in liver -
serous edema. Thymus gland and lymph nodes are enlarged. Cortex of adrenals
is atrophied. Histologically: Proliferation of epithelium with papillae
formation, dilution of colloid, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration,
- Endemic goitre
+ Diffuse toxic goitre (Bazedov's disease)
- Sporadic goitre
?
At a young woman sudden fetus wastage came on
20 week. Thus from an uterus all fetal ovo (fetus
and
integuments) was extracted, clots of blood. At histological research
membrane of fetus, villi of chorion and decidual tissue was detected. Name
type of pathology of pregnancy.
- Cystic mole
- Premature births
- Chorioadenoma destruens (invasive mole)
- Artificial (induced) abortion
?
At a patient, protractedly suffering diabetes mellitus
kidney insufficiency appeared. The punctative biopsy of kidney
is performed. What microscopic changes from the side of mesangium and
membranes
of glomerular capillaries can be detected in kidney biopsy material?
+ Hyalinosis of mesangium and necrosis of glomeruli
- Amyloidosis
- Atherosclerosis
- Calcinosis
?
At a young woman with the signs of infantilism in one of ovaries
a tumour is detected. The histological structure of tumour reminds seminoma of
testicle. Name a tumour.
- Thecoma
+ Disgerminoma
- Cystadenoma serous
- Folliculoma
- Cystadenoma mucinous
?
At a woman 25 years old, the signs of hirsutism (excessive pilosis), amenorrhea
appeared. About what tumour and of which organ does speech go?
- Kidneys
+ Ovary
- Livers
- Mammary gland
- Uterus
?
At sick 14 years, Hutchinson's triad is diagnosed: teeth of barrel-like
form, parenchymatous keratitis and deafness. What disease is characterized
by this pathology?
- Leprosy
- Toxoplasmosis
+ Syphilis
- Tuberculosis
- Opisthorchosis
?
At a woman 20 years old, the dead, macerared fetus was borned. Weight of
placenta is
enlarged (up to 2.3 kg), a color is yellow-grey, consistency is coriaceous. At
microscopic research of placenta edema, cellular
infiltration, hyperplasia of villi, single abscesses, vasculitis are revealed.
What disease does speech go about?
- Flu
- Sepsis
- Tuberculosis
- Toxoplasmosis
+ Syphilis
?
AT a child edemata appeared after the carried quinsy, in the analysis
of urine there are proteinuria, hematuria, single cylinders.
In puncture biopsy material kidneys the
exudative-proliferative phase of inflammation of glomeruli is found.
Name a pathological process.
- Interstitial nephrite
- Paraproteinemic nephrosis
?
A child which was borned from elderly parents
delay of mental and physical development, typical original appearance:
oblique slant of palpebral fissures, falling back dorsum of nose, dolichourania,
low localization of little ears, musclar hypotoniaare noticeable.
Down's disease is diagnosed. What type of prenatal pathology cover
this disease?
- Embryopathy
- Blastopathy
+ Gametopathy
- Early fetopathy
- Late fetopathy
?
For patient 48 years old, the ectomy of enlarged thyroid is performed .
Histologically research of material detected infiltrationof
tissues of gland by lymphocytes, dystrophy and focal necrosis of parenchyma,
sclerosis.
Name the disease of thyroid.
- Endemic goitre
+ Hashimoto's Goitre
- Sporadic goitre
- Diffusely-toxic goitre
- Follicular goitre
?
At dying from uremia, both kidneys are explored. Pronounced
sclerosis of interstitium and walls of vessels of kidneys are detected.
In strome of lympho-histiocytic infiltrates. Around
and into tubules accumulations of polymorphic-nuclear
leucocytes, glomeruli on the different stages of the ischemic wrinkling,
hyalinosis, atrophy of epithelium of tubules. Name kidney pathology.
- Necronephrosis
- Nephrolithiasis
+ Interstitial nephrite
- Nephropathic amyloidosis
?
Patient which long time suffered from hematogenous osteomyelitis,
complained on weakness, nausea, vomiting, itch of skin, pain in joints,
headache. Death came at the increasing phenomena uremia.
On dissection: a skin is pale, earthily-grey with "powdering" urates
smell of ammonia, on the surface of pericardium, leafs of pleura and
peritoneums sedimentation of fibrin as whitish filaments. Edema of aperture of
larynx, in
lungs confluent fibrinous-hemorrhagic pneumonia with the phenomena
carnification, edema of cerebrum. What process in kidneys
entailed development of uremia?
- Cystic disease
+ Amyloidosis
- Pyelonephritis
- Hydronephrosis
?
At patient 28 years old, at night acute pain appeared
in the large metatarsophalangeal joint of left foot, it was
accompanied by joint's swelling, reddening, acute pain while touching.
Clinically is: body temperature - 40 C, furred tongue, bloating (abdominal
distension),
constipation, edema of hypodermic fatty cellulose. Liver is slightly enlarged.
Pathomorphologically - tissues above a joint are thickened, motion in a joint is
limited. At histological research in tissues around joints the acicular
crystals of sodium urates and necroses,inflammatorycellular
infiltrate including lymphoid and plasmatic cells are found.
In kidneys are the phenomena of vascular sclerosis
with glomerular Hyalinosis and sclerosis of bringing arteries, dystrophic
changes of epithelium of tubules. What diagnosis is most credible?
- Deforming arthrosis
- Calcinosis
+ Gout
?
Patient 37 years old during the last 12 years suffered from chronic
diffuse glomerulonephritis. On dissection kidneys are sharply
diminished surface - with small retractions and outpouching, with focal
uneven vascularity, a capsule is difficulty separated. On
cut tissue of kidneys is dry, cortical layer is thinned, pale. Microscopically:
atrophy of glomeruli and tubules in falling back areas
with its substitution by connective tissue is detected, glomeruli transfer into scars
or hyaline balls, in the places of outpouchings all parts of nephrone are
hypertrophied. Bilateral confluent bronchopneumonia is detected in lungs,
on the leafs of the thickened pericardium is filaments-like sedimentation of fibrin.
To give determination for such morphological changes in kidneys.
- Large pied kidneys
+ Nephritic-contracted kidneys
?
On a section the considerable increase of volume of right kidney is detected.
On a cut there is a stone in it. The lumen of renal pelvis is stretched
by urine which accumulates there . Parenchyma of kidney is sharplyly thinned.
Which from diagnoses is most faithful?
- Nephrolithiasis
- Hydrocalycosis
- Hydrouretronephrosis
+ Hydronephrosis
- Pyeloectasia
?
For histological research the resected at operation
uterus is delivered. Under a mucous membrane the plural of round
forms nodules which are clearly delimited from surrounding tissue are detected.
Microscopically
tumour is made of fascicles of nonstriated musculature with the phenomena of
tissue
atypism. Your diagnosis?
+ Submucous of leiomyoma
- Suberous leiomyoma
- Submucous rhabdomyoma
- subserous rhabdomyoma
- Fibromyoma of uterus
?
A patient with chronic pyelonephritis died from chronic kidney insufficiency.
In the time of life the phenomenon is auscultatively marked as "noise of friction of
pericardium".
It is detected on dissection, that epicardium is dim, rough, as covered
by hair cover. What pericarditis at inflammatory type does have place?
- Putrid
- Diphtheritic
- Purulent
+ Croupous
- Serous
?
At a patient the increase of arterial pressure, swellings of lower
limbs, proteinuria, hematuria are marked. After adequate treatment
was discharged from permanent establishment in the satisfactory state. Put
diagnose:
- Atherosclerosis
- Nephrosclerosis
?
At patient with acute glomerulonephritis which died of cardio-vascular
insufficiency, at histological research of kidneys diagnosis was
confirmed. Enumerate morphological changes in glomeruli at
this disease:
-"demilunes"
+ Proliferation of endotheliocytes and mesangiocytes
- Sclerosis and Hyalinosis of glomeruli
- Infiltration of stroma by leucocytes
- Amyloid in glomeruli
?
After supercooling at a patient arterial pressure arterial pressure increase,
edemata on face, proteinuria, oliguriya appeared.
On dissection: kidneys are enlarged, flabby, cortical layer is
wide, rather yellow-greyish with red specks. Put a diagnose:
- Amyloidosis
- Subacute exudative-proliferativnyy glomerulonephritis
- Membranous
?
At patient during 5 years periodically there are edemata of lower
extremities, hypertensia, hypertrophy of left ventricle of heart, oligoanuria.
What disease can speech go about?
- Pyelonephritis
?
Name the disease of kidneys, which can be attributed to the group of tubulopathies:
- Acute kidney insufficiency
+ Chronic kidney insufficiency
- Hydronephrosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
One of main pathoanatomical signs of eclampsia:
- Tiger heart
+ Large pied liver
- Nutmeg liver
- Meaty spleen
- Red marrow of thigh
?
Changes of placenta at the cystic mole:
- Dystrophy of placenta
- Necrosis of placenta
- Disorder of circulation of blood of placenta
+ Cystosis of villi
- Detachment of placenta
?
What process, formating placental polypus takes a place in tissues:
- Heart attack
- Necrosis
- Dystrophy
+ Organization
- Thrombosis
?
Reason of acromegalia:
- Inflammation of hypophysis
- Tumour of thyroid
+ Tumour of hypophysis
- Hypertrophy of insular apparatus
- Atrophy of sexual glands
?
Changes of blood vessels at diabetes mellitus:
- Vessels' emptying
- Arteriosclerosis
- Hyperelastosis
- Thrombosis of vessels
+ Microangiopathies and macroangiopathies
?
A child died in a month after the carried scarlatina. At autopsy
a large pied kidney and signs of uremia is detected. Histologically - in tissues of
kidney of formation of "demilunes" from proliferating cells of
nephrothelium and podotcytes of glomerular capsules. What most credible
renal pathology did entail uremia?
?
On autopsy of dying, which long time was ill with cystitis and
dyskinesia of ureters, the morphological signs of uremia are found out.
A kidney is unevenly shrinkage. In lumen of pelvis contained
small urate stones and sand. Histologically is a "thyroid kidney",
signs of focal interstitial inflammation. What from the followings
diagnoses is most credible?
- Amyloid-contracted kidney
- Atherosclerotically - contracted kidney
?
Woman of 34th, died of fatty embolism as a result of break
thighs. On dissection found out the overhead type of obesity, hirsutism, brightly-
dark blue
striae caused by stretchings of skin of stomach, thighs. Symptoms of arterial
hypertensia and hyperglycemia took a place in the time of life.
What endocrine disease is most probably?
+ Cushing's disease
- Simmond's disease
- Babinskiy-Freylih disease
- Adipous-genital dystrophy
- Addison's disease
?
Patient with acromegalia died of chronic decompensation
of cardiac activity. On a section cardiomegalia, signs of chronic
cardiac insufficiency are detected. In addition, changes in incretory glands
took a place: goitre, atrophy of insular apparatus of pancreatic
glands, hyperplasia of thymus, cortex of adrenals. What changes
thus will be in a hypophysis?
- Syphilis of anterior lobe
- Basophil adenoma
- Adenocarcinoma of posterior lobe
- Tuberculosis of posterior lobe
+ Eosinophilic adenoma
?
At a patient syndromes of hyperthyroidism and diffusely
enlarged thyroid were found out. Borders of heart are extended
to the left. Diagnostic
biopsy of thyroid was performed. Histologically: the form of follicles is wrong,
epithelium of cylindrical form with papillary proliferation, physaliphorous
colloid, lymphoid-histiocytic infiltration of stroma. What disease
thyroid does take a place in this case?
- Ridel's thyroiditis
+ Bazedov's goitre
- Dekerven's thyroiditis
- Syphilitic thyroiditis
?
In a resected thyroid focal excrescences of acutely polymorphic
B-cells (cells of Gurtl-Ashkenazi), plenty of lymphoid
follicles with the centers of reproduction. Choose the most correct diagnosis.
- B-celullar adenoma
+ Autoimmune thyroiditis
- B-celullar cancer with the pronounced immune reaction
- Diffuse goitre with nodule's formation
- Toxic goitre
?
At patient, was suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis, on a background of
chronic
kidney insufficiency a cough appeared with discharge of mucous
humidity. At bronchoscopy: the mucous membrane of bronchial tubes is
sanguineous,
dropsical, with small hemorrhages. There is a lot of mucus in the lumen of
bronchial tubes.
Diagnose process in bronchial tubes.
- Catarrhal-purulent bronchitis
?
At dissection of man of 34, dying of chronic kidney
insufficiency in connection with the amyloidosis of kidneys,
pathologist detected in lungs mainly in lower lobes - plural diffuse
expansions of bronchial tubes, in lumens of which there is purulent content.
Surface of cut of lungs has a close-meshed structure, reminds a bee
honeycombs. Histologically there is chronic inflammation chronic
inflammation in the wall of bronchial tubes, elastic
and muscular fibers are substituted by connecting tissue. These changes
in lung a doctor considered as:
- Bronchopneumonia
- Chronic pneumonia
+ Bronchiectasis
?
On dissection of patient of 42 years old, suffering from chronic diffuse
bronchitis and died from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency,
large, with increased airiness lungs which cover mediastenum by the
edges are detected, don't deflate, of pale-grey color, cut with a crunch,
at pressing by finger there is pit on the surface of lungs. From
lumen of bronchial tubes mucous-purulent exudate is excreted.
Put a diagnosis.
- Chronic focal emphysema
- Primary idiopathic emphysema
- Vicarial compensatory emphysema
?
There are follicles of different sizes and forms in a resected enlarged thyroid,
with intrafollicular and extrafollicular proliferation of
epithelium, layers of connecting tissue. Put the most faithful diagnosis.
- Diffuse goitre
- Autoimmune thyroiditis
- Follicle adenomas on a background a diffuse goitre
+ Macro-, microfollicular, goitre with nodule's formation
?
There is sent a resected kidney with a nodule more than 5 cm in a diameter, clearly
delimited,
with hemorrhages. At histological research of nodule: it consists of
cells with a large rim of physaliphorous cytoplasm, small,
monomorphic nuclei, formative large complexes, of taenular
structures. Choose the most faithful diagnosis.
- Solid cancer
+ Clear-cell cancer
- Clear-cell adenoma
- Trabecular adenoma
- Metastatical nodule in a kidney
?
On dissection of a dead person 38 years old kidneys of 18 x 16 x 8cm, reminding
vine clusters, on a cut consisting of great number of
cavities from 0,5 cm to 3 cm in a diameter, filled by a serous liquid
or by colloid masses, parenchyma of kidney between cavities acutely
thinned to 0,1 cm. What disease did dying suffer from?
- Nephrolithiasis
+ Cystic disease of kidneys
- Dysplasia of kidneys
?
On dissection both kidneys are characterized of acute pallor of cortical
substance, by the plethora of pyramids, thus most pronounced on a border
between a cortical and medullary substance. Such type of kidney is characteristic
for:
- Decompensated insufficiency of heart
+ Shock
- To bilateral embolism of renal arteries
- Bilateral thrombosis of renal veins
?
A patient was ill with glomerulonephritis for a long time, has died at the
phenomena uremia. Thus signs of fibrinous inflammation will be in:
- Skin
- Cerebrum
- Livers
- Pancreas
+ Colon
?
On dissection for the man of 73 years the enlarged, soft, elastic,
slightly uneven prostate gland which on a cut
consists of separate nodules, separated by connective tissue is detected. At a
microscopy
the increase of amount of mucous elements are marked. Size of lobules
and an amount of mucous elements in them are different. What process
does take a place in a prostate gland?
- Cancer
- Muscular-fibrinous (stromal) nodular hyperplasia
- Mixed nodular hyperplasia
- Adenoma
+ Mucous nodular hyperplasia
?
The woman of 32 years after abortion applied to the doctor with complaints about
a cough
and haemoptusis. Roentgenologically - the plural in lungs
focal shadowings are detected. Bimanually along the left marge of uterus
noduleted formation is palpated. Microscopy of scraping of walls of uterine cavity
detected clear epithelial Langhan's cells, amoung them there are
a lot of giant and polymorphic cells of syncytium, that
actively divided. Your diagnosis?
- Leiomyoma
- Planocelullar cancer without a cornification
- Polymorphocelullar sarcoma
+ Chorioepithelioma
- Syncytial sarcoma
?
At a woman 46 years old during a palliative operation concerning the cancer of
stomach
the presence of Krukenberg's metastases is determined in ovaries ("Krukenberg's
cancer of ovaries"). What from set out below ways of metastazing led
to the defeat of ovaries?
- Hematogenous
- Lymphogenous orthograde
+ Lymphogenous retrograde
- Implantation
- Canalicular
?
At a patient at palpation of thyroid nodule in a diameter of
1,5 cm was found. At histological research cavities of different
size, covered by atypical epithelium and filled by papillae,
that originate from the wall of cyst are determined; in some
areas papillae intergrow a wall of cavities and capsule of tumour.
What diagnosis is most credible?
- Solid adenoma
- Follicular cancer
- Papillary adenoma
+ Papillary cancer
- Follicular adenoma
?
At a 30-years old woman with uterine bleeding during examination
a tumour in the wall of uterus is found. Epithelial clear Langhan's
cells are microscopically detected, there are many giant and
polymorphic cells of syncytium amoung them;
stroma is absent, vessels look like cavities lined with
the cells of tumour. What pathological process is most credible?
- Cancer of uterus
+ Chorioepithelioma of uterus
- Cystic mole
- Endometritis
- Endometriosis
?
At microscopic research of prostate gland
plenty of nonstriated fibres, atrophied mucous
elements are among them; lobularity of glands is disturbed.
What process in a gland is most credible?
- Adenoma
- Mucous form of nodular hyperplasia
+ Muscular-fibrinous form of nodular hyperplasia
- Mixed form of nodular hyperplasia
- Cancer
?
At a woman 35 years old at palpation of mammary gland a nodule
2 cm is in a diameter is detected. At histological research, connective
tissue with the areas of hyalinosis, atrophic lobules
and cystically-expanded ducts, that are localized in it are determined.
Cavity of ductus and cyst are covered
by atrophic epithelium. What disease of mammary gland is most credible?
- Mastitis
- Cancer
- Fibroadenoma
+ Benignant dysplasia
- Pedget's disease
?
At histological research of biopsy of neck of uterus substitution
of pavement epithelium by the cylindrical epithelium of cervical cannal
and considerable excrescence of glands under an integumentary
epithelium is detected. What diagnosis is possible?
+ proliferating endocervicosis
- Adenomatosis
- Simplex endocervicosis
- Papillary endocervicosis
- Healing endocervicosis
?
During the section: kidneys are considerably enlarged in sizes, flabby, cortical
layer is acutely edematous and clearly separated from the hypertrophied medullary
layer. A capsule is taken off easily. A surface is pied. Histologically:
in the lumen of Bowman's capsules - clump of red corpuscles and serous
liquid. Most glomeruli are edematous, enlarged in sizes. Vessels are
acutely extended. Some vascular loops of glomeruli are necrotizing
(sphacelous). Around tubules and many glomeruli lymphoidnocelullar
infiltration is pronounced. Your diagnosis?
- Focal glomerulonephritis
+ Acute hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis
?
On a section of a woman of 70 years: kidneys - 8 x 3,5 x 2 cm, tightened,
fibrinous capsule is difficulty taken off, surface - coarse-grained, cortical
substance is thinned, tissue is dim. Each of kidneys has weight 90 g. At
histological research in part of glomeruli proliferation of
epithelium of Bowman's capsule with demi-lunes formations
is observed, other glomeruli are hyalinizated. There are
numerous lymphoid infiltrates in strome. Walls of vessels are hyperplastic,
lumens are narrowed. Your diagnosis?
- Arteriosclerotic nephrosclerosis (primary contracted kidney)
- Atherosclerotically the contracted kidney
- Acute extracapillary exudative glomerulonephritis
- Subacute extracapillary productive glomerulonephritis
?
During a tubulo-interstitial nephrite the basic component of inflammatory
infiltrate is:
- T-helpers
- B-lymphocytes
+ T-killers
- Eosinophilic granulocytes
- Plasmatic cells
?
The capillary loops of kidney glomerule acquire the appearance of "goose paw"
at glomerulonephritis:
- Membranous
+ Mesangial-proliferative
- Extracapillary proliferative
- Fibroplastic
- Intracapillary exudative
?
At a woman of 32 years with the II blood (Rh"-") type from 2nd pregnancy
a dead child with gestational age 34 weeks borned. Father has
III(Rh+) blood type. On dissection - a skin is pale, partly macerative,
with petechial hemorrhages in some places. Subcutaneus fatty cellulose,
brain tissue and membranes are acutely edematous.
There is transsudate in the cavities of body, hepato- and
splenomegalia, hyperplasia of myocardium. There are
foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis, consisting of erythroblasts
in a liver, spleen,kidneys.What disease did bring a child over the death?
- Hemorrhagic disease of new-born
+ Edema form of hemolytic disease of new-born
- Icteric form of hemolytic disease of new-born
- Pneumopathies
- Inherited microspherocytosis
?
Bulemia - is a:
- Disorder of trophism of tissues
- Permanent thirst
- Permanent heartburn
- Absence of appetite
+ "Wolfish hunger"
?
Anorexia - it:
- Change of taste sensitiveness
+ Absence of appetite
- Increase of amount of consumption of liquid
- Diminishing of amount of consumption of liquid
- Diminishing of amount of consumable albumens
?
At patient with diabetes mellitus acute pain appeared in a right
foot. At examination large finger of foot of a black colour, tissues
of foot are an edematous, foci of epidermal exfoliation, excretions
with
an unpleasant smell. What did the clinically-morphological
form of necrosis develop at patient?
- Bedsore
- Sequestrum
- Dry gangrene
+ Humid gangrene
- Heart attack
?
At a patient dense nodule in a diameter of 2.0 cm is in
capsule is operatively resected out of a mammary gland.
On dissection it is white-rose, filament(stringy).
Microscopically: a tumour is presented by glands without cellular atypism,
which are squeezed by connective tissue.
In a tumour stroma prevails above mucous
parenchyma. Your diagnosis?
- Adenoma
+ Fibroadenoma
- Nonproliferative mastopathy
- Proliferative mastopathy
- Adenocarcinoma
?
On necropsy of woman which was ill with nephrolithiasis,
complicated by two-sided hydronephrosis, deformation of
small joints because of formations of stony density is found. At life
in blood content of urinary acid was increased. Changes in
small joints conditioned by sedimentation of:
- Cholesterol
- Lipids
- Hyaline
+ Urates
- Phosphates
?
A man 29 years old entered nephrological department with complaints on
headache, nausea, vomiting. She was ill for 20 years. The reason
of death was uremia. On dissection: kidneys are acutely diminished in sizes,
dense, a capsule is taken off difficulty. Surface of kidneys is unevenly
small-grained, cortex is unevenly thinned to 0,2 cm. What disease
kidneys is it necessary to think about?
?
At an elderly man, suffering from hypertensive disease and dying
from a hemorrhage in a brain, on dissection enlarged prostate
gland with sizes 6x4 cm, of dense elastic consistency was found, on a cut its
tissue has whitish-rose color. What generalized pathological process
did develop in a prostate gland?
+ Hormonal hyperplasia
- Working hypertrophy
- Compensatory hyperplasia
?
At patient with strengthened maintenance of parathormpone at histological
research of area of pathological break of bone foci of
lacunar resorption of osteoid beams, bones and new formations
to fibrinous tissue are detected. Your diagnosis.
+ Adenoma of parathyroid gland
- Multiple myeloma (Kahler's disease)
- Mineral dystrophy
- Osteoclastoma (giant cell tumour of bone)
- Osteomyelitis
?
On dissection of a dying patient there are detected the
adenoma of prostate glands and large kidneys with
acutely enlarged pelvises and calices,
filled by a transparent liquid. Name a process in kidneys.
+ Hydronephrosis
- Cystic disease
- Tuberculosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
At microscopic research of biopsy material of uterine womb of patient with
chronic endocervicosis cellular and nuclear atypia of multi-layered
pavement epithelium, pathological mitosises, and also horny pearls (plantar
verruca)
at depth of epithelium layers is detected. Your diagnosis:
- Transitional cell carcinoma cancer
+ Planocelullar cancer with a cornification
- Mucous cancer
- Anaplastic cancer
?
At a young man the increase of somatotropic hormone was detected,
the sizes of nose, lips, ears, lower jaw, arms and feet are enlarged.
Your diagnosis.
- Itsenko-Cushing's disease
+ Acromegalia
- Addoson's disease
?
At a young woman, dying of kidney insufficiency, adrenals are
acutely diminished, in the thickened cortical substance endocrinocytes are absent,
they aresubstituted by lymphocytic infiltrates and small foci of sclerosis.
Your diagnosis:
+ Addison's disease
- Uoterhauzen-Frideriksen's syndrome
- Con's disease
- Cushing's disease
- Pheochromocytoma
?
For a woman in age of 56 years, that suffers from chronic
pylephlebitic abscess of liver for long time (over a period of
13 years)the signs of kidney insufficiency appeared after carried shigellosis.
What complication in kidneys can be related to the chronic abscess
and that could serve as reason for it?
- Poststreptococcus glomerulonephritis
- Focal interstitial nephrite
- Proliferative glomerulonephritis
- Gouty kidney
?
A man in age of 55 years was ill with chronic
glomerulonephritis for a long time. Died at the phenomena
chronic kidney insufficiency. On autopsy an urinous smell is marked.
On the surface of epicardium and pericardium
greyish-whitish membranous sedimentations are detected,
after the removal of them acutely extended and replete
blood vessels are well seen. What pathological
process did take a place in a pericardium?
- organization
- arterial plethora
?
At a girl 9 years 2 weeks after carried ARD
edemata of extremities, AP increase, wetting as "meat sloops"developed.
poststreptococcus glomerulonephritis with a nephritic syndrome is diagnosed.
What pathological process does lie in basis of pathology of kidneys?
- Defeat of tubules of kidneys by the toxins of streptococci
- Sedimentation of immune complexes in tubules between a basal membrane
and by epithelium cells;
+ Sedimentation of immune complexes between a basal membrane and endothelial
cells in the glomerule of kidney
- Formation of autoantibodies against the basal membrane of kidneys
- Toxic action of acetylsalicinic acid on kidneys
?
At a girl 13 years 14 days after the carried quinsy
nephritic syndrome appeared. Acute poststreptococcus
glomerulonephritis is diagnosed. The manifestation of what process is such
reaction of hypersensitiveness of the III type:
- Autoimmune of damage
- Antibodies' damage
+ Immunocomplex of damage
- To cytotoxicity of T-lymphocytes
- Reactions of antibodies with antigens on the surface of cell of owner
?
At a woman 28 years a dead fetus with gestational age above
43 weeks born. The skin of fetus is dry, peeling. On autopsy is general hypotrophia
and presence of center of ossification of proximal epiphysis of tibial
and humeral bones amniotic fluid, umbilical cord and membranes of afterbirth
are painted by meconium. The manifestation of what period are the described
morphological changes:
+ Antenatal of period
- Prenatal period
- Intranatal of period
- Postnatal period
- Period of progenesis
?
Woman 68 years old has being ill with chronic fibrous-cavernous
tuberculosis during 20 years. Entered nephrological
department with the phenomena of uremia. Lifetime test on amyloid
presence in kidneys was positive.
What form of amyloidosis does speech go about in this case?
- Primary systemic
+ Second systemic
- Limited (local)
- Familial inerited
- Senile (geriatric, old age)
?
A woman 20 years old entered surgical clinic with complaints about muscular
weakness and rapid fatiguability, ptosis, defeat of masticatory,
lingual and deglutitive (swallowing) muscles, in addition - enlarged thymus.
After thymectomy in thymus histologically there was detected follicular
hyperplasia, and in biopsy material of skeletal muscle - dystrophy and necrosis of
singular
muscular fibres and focal lymphocytic infiltrate. Diagnose
disease of the musculary system.
- Dermatomyositis
+ Myasthenia
- Progressing muscular dystrophy
- Dushen's muscular dystrophy
- Erb's muscular dystrophy
?
During histologically research of scrape walls of uterine cavity of
45-years-old woman with disorders of ovarian-menstrual cycle
the increases of amount of endometrial glands are detected, cells of glands
have the morphological signs of proliferative phase, some
glands are cystic-like extended. Diagnose a disease.
+ hyperplasia glandulocystica of endometrium
- Atypical hyperplasia of endometrium
- Mucous polypus of endometrium
- Adenocarcinoma of endometrium
?
layer acutely edematous is clearly separated from the hypertrophied medullary
?
On a section of a woman of 70 years: kidneys - 8 x 3,5 x 2 cm,
tightened, fibrinous capsule is difficulty taken off, surface - coarse-
grained, cortical substance thinned, tissue is dim. Each of kidneys has
weight 90 g. At
numerous lymphoid infiltrates in strome.Walls of vessels are hyperplastic,
?
infiltrate is:
- T-helpers
- B-lymphocytes
+ T-killers
- Plasmatic cells
?
- Membranous
- Fibroplastic
?
At a woman of 32 years with the II blood (Rh"-") type from 2th pregnancy
in a liver, spleen,kidneys.
What disease did bring a child over the death?
- Pneumopathies
?
Bulemia - is a:
- Permanent thirst
+ "Wolfish hunger"
?
Anorexia - it:
?
with
- Bedsore
- Sequestrum
- Dry gangrene
+ Humid gangrene
- Heart attack
?
At a patient from a mammary gland dense nodule in a diameter
of 2.0 cm is in capsule is operatively resected. On dissection it is
white-rose, filament(stringy). Microscopically:
a tumour is presented by glands without cellular atypism,
which are squezed by connective tissue.
- Adenoma
+ Fibroadenoma
- Adenocarcinoma
?
in blood content of urinary acid increased. Changes in
- Cholesterol
- Lipids
- Hyaline
+ Urates
- Phosphates
?
?
gland with sizes 6x4 cm, of dense elastic consistency, on a cut its
tissue has whitish-rose color was found. What generalpathological process
?
At histological research of malignant tumour of mammary
gland it is found out that a tumour was built of low differentiated
untypical cells of epithelium origin, which formed
trabecules that are separated between themselves by the layers of connective
tissue, correlation of cells to stroma is approximately 1:1. Name the histological
variant of cancer.
+ scirrhous (fibrocarcinoma)
- small cell
- epidermoid
- solid
- adenocarcinoma
?
On dissection a prosector found out changes in kidneys:
increase of sizes, cortical layer is wide, yellow-grey with red specks, well
separated from a medullary substance which has crimson
colour. At histological research: excrescences of nephrothelium
and podocytes in the capsule of glomerules with formation of "demilunes",
sclerosis and hyalinize glomerules phenomena, fibrosis of stroma. About what
disease
of kidneys does speech go?
- interstitial nephritis
- intracapillar productive glomerulonephritis
- intracapillar exudative glomerulonephritis
-extracapillar exudative glomerulonephritis
+ extracapillar productive glomerulonephritis
?
At patient which was before ill with hematogenous tuberculosis,
hyperpigmentation of skin (melanosis) and mucous membranes, cachexy,
insufficiency of the cardiovascular system appeared. What disease did caused
such changes?
- disease of Greyvs
- disease of Simmonds
- pheochromocytoma
- disease of Itsenko-Kushing
+ Addison's disease
?
At a 40-years-old woman with the uterine bleeding on examination
sharp bulge of mucous membrane of uterus which had polypous
excrescences was detected. Microscopically - phase of proliferation in
endometrium, glands are
extended, coiled, the cristaes are happen to appear. Define a pathological process.
+ ferrous hyperplasia of endometrium
- endometritis
- polyposis of neck of uterus
- endocervicosis
- cancer of uterus
?
Patient K. 58 years long time suffered from chronic glomerulonephritis.
Death came while the manifestations of chronic uremia. On dissection was
discovered
kidneys weighing for 50.0 each, with a fine-grained surface. At
microscopic research of kidneys most glomerules are hyalinize.
What most credible form of glomerulonephritis did this patient
have?
- membranous
- postinfectious
+ fibroplastic
- mesangiocapillary
- mesangioproliferative
?
At histological research of nodule in resected mammary gland
complexes of untypical polymorphic epithelium cells of different sizes and forms
with the presence of clearances in the center of complexes were exposed among
abundant stroma. Cells have large nuclei, increased number of nucleoluses and
nuclear inclusions, with the presence of untypical mitoses. Set
supposed diagnosis.
- adenocarcinoma
- undifferentiated polymorphocellular cancer
- squamous cell nonkeratinizing cancer
+ solid cancer
- fibroadenoma of mammillar gland
?
For the woman of 52 years in an ovary neoformation of the rounded form,
with clear borders, 2,5cm in diameter was found out, on a cut there is a
cavity with the presence of great number of small evaginations to lumen. What is
the
macroscopic form of neoformation?
- Infiltrate
- Nodule
+ Cyst
- Nodule with necrosis in a center
- Ulcer
?
At research of internal organs of fetus, who died in a result of tight
cord entanglement round a neck and development of asphyxia, it is discovered that
the wall of most arterioles is homogeneous, eosinophilic, sharply SHIK-positive,
impregnated with compound substance. Metachromasia at
toluidine blue staining is absent. What of stromal-vascular
dystrophy does speech go about?
- Amyloidosis
+ Fibrinous swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Mucoid swelling
- Hyaline-dropsy dystrophy
?
At dissection of dead body of a man of 61 years, that suffered from rheumatoid
arthritis,
there were found kidneys, that are enlarged in sizes, very dense, yellowy-white,
with wax-like brilliance, with areas of scarry (cicatrical) valleys on surface.
At Congo-Rot staining depositions of homogenous pink masses in capillary loops
of glomerules, in walls of arteriols arteries, in basal membrane of tubules and in
basal membrane are determined. Development of what process was the
rheumatoid arthritis complicated by?
- Acute nephrotic necrosis
+ Secondary (acquired) amyloidosis of kidneys
- Fats progressing glomerulonephritis
?
At microscopic research of nephrobioptate the presence of demilunes is detected
more than in 50% of glomerules capillary loops are necrotized, in its lumen
fibrinous thrombi are revealed, tubulointerstitial component is strongly
pronounced. What renal disease is it necessary to think about?
- Lipoid nephrosis
+ Fast progressing glomerulonephritis
- Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis
?
Nephrobiopsy was made to a man of 21. The following changes were detected:
proliferation of mesangial cells, swelling and proliferation of endothelium cells,
enlarging of mesangial matrix, diffuse bulge and glomerular basal membrane
division into two, moderately expressed
tubulointerstitial component. At electron-microscopic investigation interposition
of mesangium, diffuse and uneven thickening of basal membrane is detected.
What form of glomerulonephritis did develop at a patient?
+ Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis
?
At a patient 43 years old, that had an operation, concerning malignant tumour of
uterine body, in postoperational period massive bleeding at the operational wound
developed, amount of urine decreased to 150ml in a day an don a 6th day she
died. On dissection kidneys are enlarged, fibrous capsule is stretched, cortex layer
is wide, of a pale grey colour, clear delimited from cyanotic dark red pyramids. At
histological research there are necrosis and serious dystrophy of epithelium of
contorted tubules- tubulorrhexis. What condition did develop at a patient?
- Secondary (acquired) amyloidosis of kidneys
- Lipoid nephrosis
+ Acute nephrotic necrosis
?
At dissection of a body of a man of 67 the lithium of coral-like form, which fulfill
all the pelvis of right kidney is detected. Right kidney is enlarged, plethoric;
capsule is difficult to be taken off, cavities of pelvises and calyces
are extended, filled with turbid greenish-yellow liquid its mucous membrane is
dull, with focuses of hemorrhages . On cut renal tissue is motley, with yellow
areas with diameter up to 1 cm. What complication of urolithiasis did develop at a
patient?
- Tumour of kidney
+ Chronic pyelonephritis with exacerbation
?
Woman of 30 years while passing the prophylactic examination at gynecologist
didn't present any problems (complaints). in anamnesis there is chronic
endocervicitis. At examination of biopsy material in vaginal part of uterine high
cylindrical epithelium, that secrete mucus was detected, under epithelium are
branched glands. What process was found?
+ Endocervicosis
- Glandular metaplasia
- Erythroplakia
- Leukoplakia
?
At necropsy of patient 47 years old, died of chronic renal insufficiency, the
hypertrophy of left ventricle is found. What macroscopic description most full
answer to this diagnosis?
- Mass of heart is 360,0 thickness of wall of left ventricle is 0,9 cm, right - 0,8 cm.
- Mass of heart is 450,0, cavities of heart are extended, papillary and trabecular
muscles are thickened, thickness of muscle of left ventricle is 2 cm, right - 1 cm
- Mass of heart is 220,0. Thickness of wall of left ventricle is 0,6 cm, right - 0,3
cm.
+ Mass of heart is 400,0 thickness of wall of left ventricle is 2 cm , right 0,4 cm
- Mass of heart is 280,0 thickness of wall of left ventricle of is 1 cm, right
ventricle 0,3 cm
?
A patient, 65 years, is operated in an urology department for adenomatous
hyperplasia of prostate gland. During an operation
it is discovered that the wall of urinary bladder is thickened up to 1 cm It can be
explained by:
- Hormonal hyperplasia
+ Work hypertrophy
- Protective hyperplasia
?
Patient, 72 years old, suffering from saccharine diabetes, was admitted to surgical
department with the protractedly nonhealing (recalcitrant) ulcer of shin. In 3 weeks
treatment at examination of ulcer the bottom of it looks soft, juicy, rose
colored fine-grained surface. What histological description
does answer this process?
- Among mature fibred connecting tissue there are the sharply extended vessels
- Laminated (stratified) keratinizing pavement epithelium
+ A great amount of the thin-walled capillaries and proliferating cells of
connecting tissue
- Extensive necrosis. Accumulation of segmentonuclear leucocytes
- Presence of fibroblasts and collagenic fiber bundles
?
At punctional biopsy in transplanted kidney diffuse infiltration by lymphocytes,
plasmocytus, lymphoblasts and necrotic arteritis. What pathologic process has
developed in transplantant?
+ Immune rejection
- Ischemic damage of kidney
- Tubulonecrosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
For a young man for a year the kidney insufficiency has been making progress
with a mortal end. At a cut the large mottled kidneys with red shallow drops in a
yellow-grey cortical
layer are found. Histological "demi-lunia" from proliferating
nephrothelium is exposed. What is your diagnosis?
- Cancer of kidney
- Amyloidosis
- Hemorrhage in kidneys
- Purulent nephrite
?
At an elderly woman with metrorrhagia in menopause at pathohistological
research of scrape of mucous membrane of neck of uterus excrescences of
atypical epithelium with formation of the so-called "cancer pearls" are detected.
Your diagnosis?
+ Planocellular (squamous cell) cancer with cornification
- Mucous cancer
- Adenocarcinoma
- Planocellular cancer without a cornification
?
For a girl with hyperglycemia and high title of antibodies to pancreatic
beta-cells diminishing of amounts and degranulation of beta-cells of pancreatic
island (islet of Langerhans),
and also their lymphoid infiltration are detected in biopsy material of pancreas.
Your diagnosis?
- Vascular saccharine diabetes
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Lymphoma of pancreas
+ Autoimmune saccharine diabetes
- Acute pancreatitis
?
A patient with fibrocavernous tuberculosis died at the increasing phenomena
of kidney insufficiency. On dissection is a smell of urine, hypertrophy
of left ventricle, fibrinous pericarditis, fibrinous-haemorrhagic
enterocolitis. Kidneys is slightly diminished in sizes, very dense,
with plural retractions. Histologically on preparations stained by
Congo-Rot there are pink masses in glomerules and walls of vessels, death
and atrophy of majority of nephrons, nephrosclerosis. Make the description of
kidneys at this pathology.
- Atherosclerotically-contracted kidneys
- Arteriolosclerotic (secondary-contracted) kidneys
+ Amyloid contracted kidneys
?
At patient while palpation of thyroid gland nodule 2 cm in a diameter
was revealed. At histological research large epithelium cells
with a light oxyphil cytoplasm, which overgrow
among the follicles filled by a colloid are determined. Your diagnosis ?
- Papillary adenoma
- Follicle adenoma
- Papillary cancer
- Follicle cancer
+ Solid adenoma
?
A patient is operated concerning the tumour of uterus. Macropreparation: spongy
mottled nodule is in myometrium. Histologically there are large light
epithelium cells a lot of dark polymorphic cells are among them.
Stroma is absent, vessels have the appearance of cavities, covered by cells of
tumour. The plural hemorrhages are revealed. What is the name of detected
tumour?
- Cavernous hemangioma
- Medullar cancer
- Malignant cystic (hydratidiform, grape) mole (mole destruens)
- Adenocarcinoma
+ Chorioepithelioma
?
A man 46 years old sharply felt ill after recent quinsy. In the first
weeks of disease oliguria with high specific weight
of urine was revealed. There was persistent hypertensia on the
2nd month of illness. At increasing phenomena of kidney insufficiency
of patient died on a 5th month after the beginning of illness.
What pathological changes in kidneys are most credible
at histological research?
- Infiltration of mesangium and capillary loops by neutrophilic granulocytes
- Necrosis of epithelium of contorted tubules of nephrons and tubulorrhexis
- Proliferation of mesangiocytes and damages of membranes of glomerular
capillaries
- Proliferation of mesangiocytes and expansion of mesangium
+ Proliferation of epithelium of capsule of nephrons and podocytes
?
A patient long time was ill with hypertensive illness and died
from a hemorrhage in a brain. On dissection kidneys are thinned,
dense consistency, their surface is fine-grained, cortical layer is
thinned. What microscopic changes are characteristic for a kidney?
-Amyloid contracted kidneys
-Infarction of kidney
?
At patient appear enlarging of thyroid in 2 times. While palpation
a gland is dense, surface unevenly knobby. At histological
research is diffuse infiltration of tissue of gland by lymphocytes, plasmatic cells
with formation of follicles and increased
excrescence of connecting tissue. What disease does take a place at patient?
- Diffuse toxic goiter
- Sporadic goiter
+ Goiter of Hashimoto
- Endemic goiter
- Goiter of Reedel
?
At patient of 53 years, protractedly suffering from multiply bronchiectasis,
hemoptysis, edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back, in
urine is an albumen 33 mgs/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding.
Result of autopsy: kidneys are enlarged in volume, made more the compact,
surface cut has a lardaceous appearance. Deposition of homogeneous
eosinophilic masses which is selectively stained by Congo-Rot and give
metachromasy with methyl violet is histological marked in glomerules and
along tubules. What pathological process did take a place in kidneys in this case?
+ Amyloidosis
- Hyalinosis
- Lipoid dystrophy
- Mucoid swelling
?
For a young woman suddenly terminating pregnancy came on
20 week. Meanwhile from an uterus the whole fetal ovum
(fetal and integuments) was extracted, clots of blood. At histological
research fetal integument, chorion shags and decidual tissue were
detected. Name type of pathology of pregnancy.
- Cystic mole destruens
- Artificial abortion
- Cystic mole
- Premature births
?
A patient 50 years protractedly suffered the disease of parathyroid glands.
On dissection: deformation of bones of extremities, spine, ribs,
bones are easily cut by knife. Kidneys are contracted. Histological: in a bone
tissues are hearths of lacunar resorption. In the hearths of tumular formations
giant-cell granulomea, accumulations of red corpuscles and hemosiderin are
found. How is this disease named?
- Myeloma
+ Parathyroid osteodystrophy
- Plural metastases of cancer to bones
- Illness of Pedget
?
At patient 65 years, protractedly suffering from saccharine diabetes
increase of arterial pressure, be swollen, proteinuria are marked.
Death followed chronic kidney insufficiency. On autopsy
contracted kidneys, in glomerules focal hyalinosis of vascular loops,
sclerosis of stroma, atrophy of tubules were found. Name most credible
- Pyelonephritis
?
Elderly patient, that has been suffering hypertensive illness for a long time,
died from the uremia phenomena. It is discovered on autopsy: hypertrophied
surface, a capsule is taken off hardly. Histological in kidneys
the collapse of arteriols of glomerules and their sclerosis are marked. Some
glomerules
are substituted by a homogeneous eosinophilic substance, not stained Congo-Rot;
tubules are atrophied. How is it properly to name the changes of kidneys described
higher?
?
tachycardia. A thyroid is enlarged. At the phenomena of increasing
cardiovascular insufficiency patient died. At histological
research of thyroid there is proliferation of epithelium with papillae formation,
with dilution of colloid, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration,
+ Diffuse toxic goiter (Basedow's illness)
- Sporadic goiter
- Endemic goiter
?
At patient, protractedly suffering from saccharine diabetes
increasing kidney insufficiency appeared. The punctional biopsy of kidney is
made.
What microscopic changes from the side of mesangium and membranes
of tubular capillaries can be discovered in kidney biopsy material?
- Atherosclerosis
+ Hyalinosis of mesangium and necrosis of glomerules.
- Amyloidosis
- Calcinosis
?
At the patient of 52 years diagnosis violation of ovarian-menstrual
cycle, which was accompanied by meno- and metrorrhagia, increasing
weakness, anaemia was put. At histological research
characteristic morphological changes of mucous membrane of uterus
was revealed. Define character of pathological process.
- Hypertrophy
- Atrophy
- Sclerosis
- Metaplasia
+ Hyperplasia
?
At patient with prostatopathy permanent derangement of urine
excrete is observed, the operation of prostatectomy was
performed in this connection. During operation -
the wall of urinary bladder is thickened, mucous membrane of pink
colors, lumen of bladder is diminished. Determine character of pathological
process in the wall of urinary bladder.
- Metaplasia
- Hypoplasia
- Atrophy
+ Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
?
At research of tumour of uterus (postoperational material)
macroscopically - soft consistency, with hemorrhages and areas of focal necrosis
reminds 'fish meat'. At histological research is established
sign of expressed cellular and tissue atypizmus,
cells with pathological mitoses are met. Put diagnose.
+ Sarcoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Fibroma
- Angioma
- Lipoma
?
At histological research of biopsy material of vaginal part of neck of
uterus at a patient 47 years with protractedly not healing erosion
signs of cellular atypizmus are exposed;
basal membrane - is without changes.
Put diagnose.
- Endometriosis
- Adenocarcinoma
- Papilloma
- Erosion
?
At man of 34 years with tuberculosis of adrenal gland skin on dissection has grey-
brown color, arterial pressure (lifetime) was lowered,
there was adynamia and decrease of level of 17-oxycorticosteroids in
urine and plasma of blood. Imbalance of what pigment caused clinical
manifestations at patient?
- Lipochrome
- Bilirubin
- Lipofuscin
+ Melanin
- Hemosiderin
?
At a patient 28 years old numerous recurring peptic ulcers of gastric
and duodenum are found. A diagnosis- Zollinger-Ellison's
syndrome is put. Specify what tumour this syndrome is connected with.
- Adenoma of adrenal cortex.
- Carcinoid of transversal-rim bowel.
+ Tumour of islets of pancreas.
- Pheochrymocytoma.
- Adenocarcinoma of pancreas.
?
At patient with saccharine diabetes the signs of increasing kidney
insufficiency appeared . What process at kidneys is a reason of it?
- Amyloidosis
+ Glomerulosclerosis
- Interstitial
?
For a 38-years-old patient concerning the dysfunctional uterine bleeding
scraping of endometrium is made. It is discovered: glands are cyst-like
extended, contorted, cells of glands in the phase of proliferation. What process
did arise up in endometrium?
+ Hyperplasia glandulocystica of endometrium
- Adenocarcinoma
- Endometritis
- Atrophy of endometrium
?
A patient 49 years was admitted concerning pain in small of the back. At
the ULTRASONIC a stone in the very extended pelvis and calyces of right
kidney is exposed. Nephrectomia is executed: in kidney pelvises and calyces
sharply
stretched, filled a transparent rather yellow liquid, parenchyma
kidneys is very thin. Diagnose changes in a kidney.
- Hypernephroid cancer of kidney
- Cortical necrosis of kidney
+ Hydronephrosis of kidney
?
On the basis of immunological and histochemical researches of biopsy material of
kidneys from a woman 28 years old lupous glomerulonephritis is diagnosed.
Name a morphological test on the basis of which this pathology the was diagnosed.
- A presence of lymphatic follicles is in stroma of kidney
+ Presence of DNA-positive hematoxylin bodies
- A presence of Sudan-positive inclusions is in vessels' intima
- Plasmatization of stroma
- Hyalinosis of glomerules of kidney
?
A patient with fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis died of chronic
to pulmocardiac insufficiency. During the last months
there was pronounced proteinuriya. On dissection: kidneys are enlarged,
dense, with a wax-like (lardaceous) surface on a cut. What changes
in kidneys at this form of tuberculosis could cause proteinuria?
- Tuberculosis of kidneys
- Nephrolithiasis
?
At a patient 55 years old the recurring uterine bleeding appeared.
The diagnostic scraping of cavity of uterus is done. In scrape of
endometrium among the elements of blood the glandulous elements
of different sizes and forms formed by atypical cells with hyperchromic
nucleuses, numerous mitoses (including pathological) are visible..
About what process is it possible to think?
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Glandulous hyperplasia of endometrium
?
At a patient from the mountain district of Middle Asia increase of thyroid
glands is exposed, which hampered swallowing. Increases of body mass
sluggishness, somnolence, puffy face were noticed. At microscopic
research in a thyroid - different sizes follicles with hypochromic
colloid. What from diagnoses is most possible?
- Sporadic goitre
- Basedow's illness
- Goitre of Redeel
+ Endemic goitre
?
At histological research of prostate gland, operatively
removed from man of 72 years, which complained on difficulty of urination,
it is detected: increase of amount of glandulous and muscular elements.
Lobular structure of gland is disturbed. What process in prostate
is most possible?
- Prostatitis
- Mixed form of prostatopathy
+ Muscular-fibrous hyperplasia
- Glandulous hyperplasia
- Adenocarcinoma
?
On dissection of woman 45 years old, that in the time of life suffered from obesity
on the overhead type ,steroid saccharine diabetes, arterial high blood pressure,
second dysfunction of ovaries: hyperkeratosis, hirsutism,
striae on the skin of thighs and stomach. There is a tumour in the front lobe of
hypophysis
(microscopically: basophil (pituitary) adenoma); there is hyperplasia in adrenal
fascicular layer. What from the transferred diagnoses is most possible?
+ Illness of Itsenko-Cushing
- Illness of Simmonds
- Syndrome of Itsenko-Cushing
?
At microscopic research of kidney biopsy proliferation of
epithelium of capsule of glomerules and podocytes with formation of structures,
which remind demilunes; in the lumen of capsules of glomerules
is fibrin's accumulation, hearth necrosis of capillary loops, hyalinosis of separate
glomerules, edema of stroma of kidney, dystrophy of nephrocytes, hyaline
cylinders
in lumens of tubules. What from enumerated diagnoses is most possible?
- Acute intracapillar glomerulonephritis
- Acute extracapillar glomerulonephritis
?
Patient of D., 56 years old, typesetter of printing-house, long time was ill
by hypertensive illness, oliguria, anury developed, in blood there are
anaemia, urea - 28,2 mmol/l, creatinine - 1,18 mmol/l. On a cut
kidneys are considerably diminished (weight of both kidneys of 80 g), surface is
fine-grained, on a cut dividing into cortical and medullar layers is absent. In
addition, it is found out fibrinous pericarditis, fibrinous bronchopneumonia,
fibrinous pleurisy. How is it possible to name changes in kidneys?
+ Primary contracted kidneys
- Pyelonephritically-contracted kidneys.
?
At dissection of child 6 of months, dying of sepsis, absence
thymus glands, diminishing of sizes and mass of spleen are detected. At
microscopic
research of spleen there is absence of periarterial T-dependent
areas of follicles with depletion of red pulp; in lymphatic
nodules is absence of pericortical area, that is mainly presented
by T-lymphocytes. B-zones in the peripheral organs of the immune system are
normally developed. What pathological process is most possible?
- Syndrome of Glantsman-Riniker (insufficiency of cellular and humoral
immunity)
- Accidental involution of thymus
- Syndrome of Bruton (insufficiency of humoral immunity)
- VIH-infection
+ Syndrome of Digiorgi (insufficiency of cellular immunity)
?
At dissection of new-born child, in age 3 days, died
from congenital pneumonia, diminishing of sizes and mass of
thymus glands is detected. At microscopic research in its lobules
a clear border between cortex and medullar substance is not found out in
a result of lymphoid depletion of both areas; in a medullar substance
the plural, of different sizes bodies of thymus gland
(Hassal's corpuscles), with the phenomena of keratosis and
calcinosis are found; interlobular connecting tissue is developed
beyond measure. What from the enumerated
pathological processes in thymus is most possible?
- Aplasia
- Thymomegalia
- Hypotrophy
+ Accidental involution of thymus
- Atrophy
?
On necropsy of woman of 59 years diffusely enlarged
thyroid of dense consistency, joint with surrounding
tissues was found. On a cut tissue of gland is whitish, homogeneous. At
histological research: a big amount of lymphoid follicles, diffuse
and small-focal sclerosis, clump of oxyphil cells part of which
enters into the composition of follicles. Specify the disease detected on a section.
Diagnose thyroid.
+ Autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Diffuse goitre
- Macrofollicular colloid goitre
- Microfollcular toxic goitre
- Toxic adenoma
?
A woman 36 years after mushrooms' poisoning died on a
background of acute renal insufficiency. What morphological
sign allowed to diagnose stage of kidney insufficiency?
- Interstitial swelling
- Tubulorrhexis
+ Regeneration of epithelium of tubules
- Dystrophy of epithelium of contorted tubules
?
At histological research of nodule in an resected mammary gland
among abundant stroma complexes of atypical polymorphic epithelium
cells of different sizes and forms with the presence of clearances
in the center of complexes are found. Cells with large nuclei, presence
of atypical mitoses. Put a diagnose.
- Solid cancer
- Planocellular nonkeratinizing cancer
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Undifferentiated polymorphocellular cancer
- Fibroadenoma of mammary gland
?
At autopsy of man middle-aged, protractedly suffering from bronchoectatic
disease, it is discovered that both adrenal glands are sharply enlarged in a volume
due to a cortical layer. Adrenals has cartilaginous consistency, pale,
have a lardaceous appearance. Microscopically along reticular stroma, in walls
of vessels the deposition of structureless, homogeneous, of pink
colors masses is marked. Painted Congo- Rot masses in the polarized light
possess a chlorine double refraction and dichroism. These
changes argue about the presence:
+ Amyloidosis
- Mucoid swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Lipidosis
?
At microscopic research of kidneys there is detected necrosis of epithelium
of contorted tubules, ischemia of cortical layer and plethora of medullar.
Name this pathological process.
- Urolithiasis
- Pyelonephritis
- Polycystosis
?
At patient of 53 years death came from uremia. On dissection kidneys
are diminished in sizes, grey-whitish coloured. Microscopically: numerous
glomerules are substituted by hyaline-like masses, in some
excrescence of cells which form demilunes are detected. Most credible it is:
- Pyelonephritis
- Urolithiasis
- Amyloidosis
?
A patient which suffered chronic purulent ostemyelitis died
from chronic kidney insufficiency. On dissection the large,
dense kidneys of white-yellow color with lardaceous brilliance on cuts are found.
Your diagnosis:
- Acute necrotic nephrosis
- Septic nephrite
?
In bioptate kidneys of patient with progressing kidney insufficiency
pathological changes are localized in glomerules: cavities of capsule of
glomerules extended and filled with proliferating epithelium. Your diagnosis:
- Pyelonephritis
- Cancer of kidney
?
For a young woman in connection with sharp pains uterine tube
with focal expansion of the its middle third, filled with blood is
resected. At histological research choroidal villi large fields of red
corpuscles with the admixture of leucocytes are found in orifice of
uterine tube.
Your diagnosis:
- Hemorrhage in an uterine tube
- Haemorrhagic salpingitis
- Purulent salpingitis
+ Tubal (fallopian) pregnancy
- Acute purulent salpingitis
?
At histological research of operatively resected thyroid
glands it is detected: moderate atrophy of parenchyma, sclerosis, diffuse
infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes and plasmatic cells with forming of
lymphoid follicles. Your diagnosis from data of histological research?
- Thyreotoxic goitre
- Parenchymatous goitre
- Goitre of Redeel
- Thyroiditis
+ Hashimoto's goitre
?
Patient 28 years old, entered hospital with extensive burns 40% of body's
surface I - II degree. On the third day of treatment died. During a section
such changes from the side of kidneys: acute venous plethora of
pyramids, necrosis of tubules of main parts, cylinders are in it clearances.
What reason of death is most possible in this case?
+ Acute renal insufficiency
- Amyloidosis of kidney
?
During pathoanatomical dissection of man of 52 years, which
died because of infarction of myocardium the followings changes are detected in
kidneys:
on the capillary loops of glomerules there are fibrinous depositions, epithelium of
narrow
segment of nephrone is high, a cytoplasm is light. In the epithelium of tubules
glycogen is found out. What pathology of kidneys is most credible in this case?
- Primary contracted kidney
- Acute renal insufficiency
?
At a man of 23 years after nephrectomy in a cortical layer and pyramids of right
kidney destructive process with formation of cavities, outside of
which there is infiltration of interstitial kidney tissue by lymphocytes and
histiocytes
(macrophages) is microscopically found out. Specify, what from enumerated
diagnoses is most possible?
+Hydronephrosis.
- Polycystic kidney.
- Pertaining to apostema nephrite.
- Retention cysts of kidneys.
- Tuberculosis of kidneys.
?
At microscopic research of umbilical vein of a new-born,
died of intoxication, it is found: wall of vessel - with diffuse inflammatory
infiltration, in it's lumen is an obstructive thrombus with a big amount
of neutrophilic leucocytes with the phenomena of karyorrhexis and colonies of
bacteria.
Specify, what consequences of thrombosis of stated below is most possible?
- Organization and canalization of thrombus
- Petrifaction of thrombus
+ Septic autolysis
- Aseptic autolysis
- Transformation into thromboembole
?
In surgical department in hospital there was a patient, that
seven days later was extracted a kidney. What will a vicarial hypertrophy of kidney
be due to?
- Transformation
- Regeneration
- Granulation
- Proliferation
+ Hyperplasia
?
From anamnesis appears, that man, 25 years, a few a weeks ago
sharply fell ill: temperature increase up to 39(, general weakness, pain
in loin, pyuria, bacteriuria (Escherichia coli). Illness was steadily
progressing and came to death. Pathoanatomically: stone
in a right ureter. A right kidney is enlarged, swelled, pelvis
and calyxes are extended, filled with a pus, mucous membrane of pelvis and
interstitial
tissue are infiltrated by leucocytes:thre are extensive areas of the purulent
dissolution of
renal tissues, papillonecrosis. Define the disease of kidney.
- Nephrosclerosis
- Nephrolithiasis
?
For a woman 30 years old criminal abortion was a reason of infection of uterus
and development of sepsis which resulted in death. On dissection was discovered:
purulent endometritis with purulent lymphadenitis in infection atrium, metastatic
abscesses in lungs, kidneys, myocardium; septic spleen, dystrophic
changes of parenchymatous organs. A streptococcus was sown from blood.
Define clinically-anatomic form of sepsis.
- Granulomatous sepsis
- Septicemia
- Chroniosepsis
+ Septicopyemia
?
A patient during for many years suffered multiple bronchiectasis,
died in result of chronic kidney insufficiency and uremia.
On dissection a few diminished, very dense, with uneven
surface of lardaceous appearance on the cut kidneys was detected. What disease
does such macroscopic type of kidneys correspond?
- Pyelonephritis
?
A patient with diabetes mellitus died of chronic kidney insufficiency
(CRI) with uremia development. During a section all of presentations of uremia
with the changes of kidneys were detected. What most credible microscopic
changes do take a place in kidneys?
+ Sclerosis and hyalinosis of glomerules
- Necrosis epithelium of nephrone's tubules
- Hyaline cylinders are in lumen of nefrone's tubules
- Ischemia of cortical substance
- Spasm of bringing arteriols
?
At histological research of scrape of mucous membrane of uterus at patient
(54) with the clinical diagnosis irregularities of ovarian-menstrual
cycle there was found excrescences of mucous structures which consists of
cells with hyperchromic nuclei, figures of mitosises, atypia. Changes
in mucous structures are accompanied by violation of integrity of basal
membranes. What pathological process the detected microscopic changes
are typical for?
- Chorioepithelioma of uterus
- Acute endometritis
- Placental polypus
?
At patient, that sustained a severe injury of inferior limb,
(crippled) urine wasn't excreting for a few days. In a result
of kidney insufficiency patient died. A fatal outcome is
conditioned by:
+ Circulatory disturbance (embarrassment, interference with
blood fllow) in the cortical layer of kidneys
- Defeat of juxtaglomerular glomeruli
- Circulatory disturbance in the cerebral layer of kidneys
- Defeat of receiving tube
?
At patient of 53 years, protractedly suffering from multiple bronchiectasis,
haemoptysis, edemata appeared on face, in area of small of the back; in
urine - protein 33 mg/l. Death came from the pulmonary bleeding. Results
of autopsy: kidneys are enlarged in volume, compessed, surface of cut
has a lardaceous appearance. Histologically sedimentation
of homogeneous eosinophilic masses which are selectively
stained by Congo-Rot and give metachromasy with
methylene blue in glomeruli and along tubules is marked.
What pathological process is presented in kidneys in this case?
- Fatty (adipose) dystrophy
- Hyalinosis
+ Amyloidosis
- Mucoid swelling
?
During an operation concerning the tumour of ovary in abdominal
emptiness of woman 2 litres of hemorrhagic liquid, on a peritoneum -
e big amount of whitish nodules in a diameter of 0,5 cm was found. At cytobiopsy
excrescences of cancer cells are detected in nodules. What process did develop in
abdominal cavum?
- Tuberculosis
- Fibroplastic peritonitis
- Ascites
+ Carcinomatosis of peritoneum
?
At a patient with immunological disorders insufficiency
of adrenal cortex developed. At puncture biopsy in cortex
of adrenals lymphoid infiltrates and substitutive
fibrosis instead adenocytes were found: Addison's disease is
diagnosed. What is the genesis of this disease?
- Inflammatory
+ Autoimmune
- Tumourous
- Dyshormonal
- Exchange-metabolic
?
At a young woman after births complicated by massive bleeding,
a refractory anury and hyperazotemia developed two days later. At puncture biopsy
necrosis of glomeruli and tubules of cortical layer is detected.
What process did appear at a woman?
- Acute reflectory anury
- Tubular necrosis of kidneys
+ Cortical necrosis of kidneys
- Medullar necrosis of kidneys
?
At a young woman was suffering from metrorrhagiae, on an operation
red, soft, spongy, bleeding tumour, made of atypical
syncytial cells and cells of trophoblast, that intergrow from
endometrium in myometrium. Your diagnosis?
- Cancer of uterus
- Fibromyoma
- Myosarcoma
- Hemangioma
+ Choriocarcinoma
?
At patient with obesity of overhead third of trunk, hyperglycemia and
arterial hypertensia, concentration of adrenocorticosteroids in blood
is increased. In the anterior lobe of hypophysis a tumour in a diameter of
5 mm made of basophilic cells is found. Formulate the most exact clinical
diagnosis:
+ Cushing's disease
- Adenoma of hypophysis
- Prolactinoma
- Diabetes insipidus
- Acromegalia
?
A patient 50 years protractedly suffered from disease of parathyroid glands.
On dissection: deformation of bones of extremities, spine, ribs.
Bones are easily cut by knife. Kidneys are contracted. Histologically: in a bone
tissue - foci of lacunar resorption. In the foci of tumular formations
giantcellular granulomas, accumulations of red corpuscles and
hemosiderin are found.How is this disease named?
+ Plural metastases of cancer to the bone
- Pedget's disease
- Multiple myeloma ( Kahler's disease)
?
Elderly patient, long time suffering from hypertensive disease,
died at phenomena uremia. It is discovered on autopsy: hypertrophied
surface, capsule separates difficulty. Histologically in kidneys
collapse of arteriols of glomeruli and its sclerosis is marked. Some glomeruli
are substituted by homogeneous eosinophilic substance, not Congo-Rot stained;
tubules are atrophied. What is the properly name of kidneys' changes described
higher.
?
At patient 65 years old, protractedly suffering diabetes mellitus
increase of arterial pressure, edemata, proteinuria are marked. Death came
from chronic kidney insufficiency. On autopsy
contracted kidneys, in glomeruli focal hyalinosis of vascular loops,
sclerosis of stroma, atrophy of tubules are detected. Name most credible
- Pyelonephritis
?
palpitation, tachycardia. The diffusely enlarged thyroid
gland is palpated. At the phenomena increasing cardio-vascular insufficiency
a patient died. On dissection: hypertrophy of heart, in liver -
serous edema. Thymus gland and lymph nodes are enlarged. Cortex of adrenals
is atrophied. Histologically: Proliferation of epithelium with papillae
formation, dilution of colloid, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration,
- Endemic goitre
+ Diffuse toxic goitre (Bazedov's disease)
- Sporadic goitre
?
At a young woman sudden fetus wastage came on
20 week. Thus from an uterus all fetal ovo (fetus
and
integuments) was extracted, clots of blood. At histological research
membrane of fetus, villi of chorion and decidual tissue was detected. Name
type of pathology of pregnancy.
- Cystic mole
- Premature births
- Chorioadenoma destruens (invasive mole)
- Artificial (induced) abortion
?
At a patient, protractedly suffering diabetes mellitus
kidney insufficiency appeared. The punctative biopsy of kidney
is performed. What microscopic changes from the side of mesangium and
membranes
of glomerular capillaries can be detected in kidney biopsy material?
+ Hyalinosis of mesangium and necrosis of glomeruli
- Amyloidosis
- Atherosclerosis
- Calcinosis
?
At a young woman with the signs of infantilism in one of ovaries
a tumour is detected. The histological structure of tumour reminds seminoma of
testicle. Name a tumour.
- Thecoma
+ Disgerminoma
- Cystadenoma serous
- Folliculoma
- Cystadenoma mucinous
?
At a woman 25 years old, the signs of hirsutism (excessive pilosis), amenorrhea
appeared. About what tumour and of which organ does speech go?
- Kidneys
+ Ovary
- Livers
- Mammary gland
- Uterus
?
At sick 14 years, Hutchinson's triad is diagnosed: teeth of barrel-like
form, parenchymatous keratitis and deafness. What disease is characterized
by this pathology?
- Leprosy
- Toxoplasmosis
+ Syphilis
- Tuberculosis
- Opisthorchosis
?
At a woman 20 years old, the dead, macerared fetus was borned. Weight of
placenta is
enlarged (up to 2.3 kg), a color is yellow-grey, consistency is coriaceous. At
microscopic research of placenta edema, cellular
infiltration, hyperplasia of villi, single abscesses, vasculitis are revealed.
- Flu
- Sepsis
- Tuberculosis
- Toxoplasmosis
+ Syphilis
?
AT a child edemata appeared after the carried quinsy, in the analysis
of urine there are proteinuria, hematuria, single cylinders.
In puncture biopsy material kidneys the
exudative-proliferative phase of inflammation of glomeruli is found.
Name a pathological process.
- Interstitial nephrite
- Paraproteinemic nephrosis
?
A child which was borned from elderly parents
delay of mental and physical development, typical original appearance:
oblique slant of palpebral fissures, falling back dorsum of nose, dolichourania,
low localization of little ears, musclar hypotoniaare noticeable.
Down's disease is diagnosed. What type of prenatal pathology cover
this disease?
- Embryopathy
- Blastopathy
+ Gametopathy
- Early fetopathy
- Late fetopathy
?
For patient 48 years old, the ectomy of enlarged thyroid is performed .
Histologically research of material detected infiltrationof
tissues of gland by lymphocytes, dystrophy and focal necrosis of parenchyma,
sclerosis.
Name the disease of thyroid.
- Endemic goitre
+ Hashimoto's Goitre
- Sporadic goitre
- Diffusely-toxic goitre
- Follicular goitre
?
At dying from uremia, both kidneys are explored. Pronounced
sclerosis of interstitium and walls of vessels of kidneys are detected.
In strome of lympho-histiocytic infiltrates. Around
and into tubules accumulations of polymorphic-nuclear
leucocytes, glomeruli on the different stages of the ischemic wrinkling,
hyalinosis, atrophy of epithelium of tubules. Name kidney pathology.
- Necronephrosis
- Nephrolithiasis
+ Interstitial nephrite
- Nephropathic amyloidosis
?
Patient which long time suffered from hematogenous osteomyelitis,
complained on weakness, nausea, vomiting, itch of skin, pain in joints,
headache. Death came at the increasing phenomena uremia.
On dissection: a skin is pale, earthily-grey with "powdering" urates
smell of ammonia, on the surface of pericardium, leafs of pleura and
peritoneums sedimentation of fibrin as whitish filaments. Edema of aperture of
larynx, in
lungs confluent fibrinous-hemorrhagic pneumonia with the phenomena
carnification, edema of cerebrum. What process in kidneys
entailed development of uremia?
- Cystic disease
+ Amyloidosis
- Pyelonephritis
- Hydronephrosis
?
At patient 28 years old, at night acute pain appeared
in the large metatarsophalangeal joint of left foot, it was
accompanied by joint's swelling, reddening, acute pain while touching.
Clinically is: body temperature - 40 C, furred tongue, bloating (abdominal
distension),
constipation, edema of hypodermic fatty cellulose. Liver is slightly enlarged.
Pathomorphologically - tissues above a joint are thickened, motion in a joint is
limited. At histological research in tissues around joints the acicular
crystals of sodium urates and necroses,inflammatorycellular
infiltrate including lymphoid and plasmatic cells are found.
In kidneys are the phenomena of vascular sclerosis
with glomerular Hyalinosis and sclerosis of bringing arteries, dystrophic
changes of epithelium of tubules. What diagnosis is most credible?
- Deforming arthrosis
- Calcinosis
+ Gout
?
Patient 37 years old during the last 12 years suffered from chronic
diffuse glomerulonephritis. On dissection kidneys are sharply
diminished surface - with small retractions and outpouching, with focal
uneven vascularity, a capsule is difficulty separated. On
cut tissue of kidneys is dry, cortical layer is thinned, pale. Microscopically:
atrophy of glomeruli and tubules in falling back areas
with its substitution by connective tissue is detected, glomeruli transfer into scars
or hyaline balls, in the places of outpouchings all parts of nephrone are
hypertrophied. Bilateral confluent bronchopneumonia is detected in lungs,
on the leafs of the thickened pericardium is filaments-like sedimentation of fibrin.
To give determination for such morphological changes in kidneys.
- Large pied kidneys
+ Nephritic-contracted kidneys
?
On a section the considerable increase of volume of right kidney is detected.
On a cut there is a stone in it. The lumen of renal pelvis is stretched
by urine which accumulates there . Parenchyma of kidney is sharplyly thinned.
Which from diagnoses is most faithful?
- Nephrolithiasis
- Hydrocalycosis
- Hydrouretronephrosis
+ Hydronephrosis
- Pyeloectasia
?
For histological research the resected at operation
uterus is delivered. Under a mucous membrane the plural of round
forms nodules which are clearly delimited from surrounding tissue are detected.
Microscopically
tumour is made of fascicles of nonstriated musculature with the phenomena of
tissue
atypism. Your diagnosis?
+ Submucous of leiomyoma
- Suberous leiomyoma
- Submucous rhabdomyoma
- subserous rhabdomyoma
- Fibromyoma of uterus
?
A patient with chronic pyelonephritis died from chronic kidney insufficiency.
In the time of life the phenomenon is auscultatively marked as "noise of friction of
pericardium".
It is detected on dissection, that epicardium is dim, rough, as covered
by hair cover. What pericarditis at inflammatory type does have place?
- Putrid
- Diphtheritic
- Purulent
+ Croupous
- Serous
?
At a patient the increase of arterial pressure, swellings of lower
limbs, proteinuria, hematuria are marked. After adequate treatment
was discharged from permanent establishment in the satisfactory state. Put
diagnose:
- Atherosclerosis
- Nephrosclerosis
?
At patient with acute glomerulonephritis which died of cardio-vascular
insufficiency, at histological research of kidneys diagnosis was
confirmed. Enumerate morphological changes in glomeruli at
this disease:
-"demilunes"
+ Proliferation of endotheliocytes and mesangiocytes
- Sclerosis and Hyalinosis of glomeruli
- Infiltration of stroma by leucocytes
- Amyloid in glomeruli
?
After supercooling at a patient arterial pressure arterial pressure increase,
edemata on face, proteinuria, oliguriya appeared.
On dissection: kidneys are enlarged, flabby, cortical layer is
wide, rather yellow-greyish with red specks. Put a diagnose:
- Amyloidosis
- Subacute exudative-proliferativnyy glomerulonephritis
- Membranous
?
At patient during 5 years periodically there are edemata of lower
extremities, hypertensia, hypertrophy of left ventricle of heart, oligoanuria.
What disease can speech go about?
- Pyelonephritis
?
Name the disease of kidneys, which can be attributed to the group of tubulopathies:
- Acute kidney insufficiency
+ Chronic kidney insufficiency
- Hydronephrosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
One of main pathoanatomical signs of eclampsia:
- Tiger heart
+ Large pied liver
- Nutmeg liver
- Meaty spleen
- Red marrow of thigh
?
Changes of placenta at the cystic mole:
- Dystrophy of placenta
- Necrosis of placenta
- Disorder of circulation of blood of placenta
+ Cystosis of villi
- Detachment of placenta
?
What process, formating placental polypus takes a place in tissues:
- Heart attack
- Necrosis
- Dystrophy
+ Organization
- Thrombosis
?
Reason of acromegalia:
- Inflammation of hypophysis
- Tumour of thyroid
+ Tumour of hypophysis
- Hypertrophy of insular apparatus
- Atrophy of sexual glands
?
Changes of blood vessels at diabetes mellitus:
- Vessels' emptying
- Arteriosclerosis
- Hyperelastosis
- Thrombosis of vessels
+ Microangiopathies and macroangiopathies
?
A child died in a month after the carried scarlatina. At autopsy
a large pied kidney and signs of uremia is detected. Histologically - in tissues of
kidney of formation of "demilunes" from proliferating cells of
nephrothelium and podotcytes of glomerular capsules. What most credible
renal pathology did entail uremia?
?
On autopsy of dying, which long time was ill with cystitis and
dyskinesia of ureters, the morphological signs of uremia are found out.
A kidney is unevenly shrinkage. In lumen of pelvis contained
small urate stones and sand. Histologically is a "thyroid kidney",
signs of focal interstitial inflammation. What from the followings
diagnoses is most credible?
- Amyloid-contracted kidney
- Atherosclerotically - contracted kidney
?
Woman of 34th, died of fatty embolism as a result of break
thighs. On dissection found out the overhead type of obesity, hirsutism, brightly-
dark blue
striae caused by stretchings of skin of stomach, thighs. Symptoms of arterial
hypertensia and hyperglycemia took a place in the time of life.
What endocrine disease is
most probably?
+ Cushing's disease
- Simmond's disease
- Babinskiy-Freylih disease
- Adipous-genital dystrophy
- Addison's disease
?
Patient with acromegalia died of chronic decompensation
of cardiac activity. On a section cardiomegalia, signs of chronic
cardiac insufficiency are detected. In addition, changes in incretory glands
took a place: goitre, atrophy of insular apparatus of pancreatic
glands, hyperplasia of thymus, cortex of adrenals. What changes
thus will be in a hypophysis?
- Syphilis of anterior lobe
- Basophil adenoma
- Adenocarcinoma of posterior lobe
- Tuberculosis of posterior lobe
+ Eosinophilic adenoma
?
At a patient syndromes of hyperthyroidism and diffusely
enlarged thyroid were found out. Borders of heart are extended
to the left. Diagnostic
biopsy of thyroid was performed. Histologically: the form of follicles is wrong,
epithelium of cylindrical form with papillary proliferation, physaliphorous
colloid, lymphoid-histiocytic infiltration of stroma. What disease
thyroid does take a place in this case?
+ Bazedov's goitre
- Dekerven's thyroiditis
- Syphilitic thyroiditis
?
In a resected thyroid focal excrescences of acutely polymorphic
B-cells (cells of Gurtl-Ashkenazi), plenty of lymphoid
follicles with the centers of reproduction. Choose the most correct diagnosis.
- B-celullar adenoma
+ Autoimmune thyroiditis
- B-celullar cancer with the pronounced immune reaction
- Diffuse goitre with nodule's formation
- Toxic goitre
?
At patient, was suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis, on a background of
chronic
kidney insufficiency a cough appeared with discharge of mucous
humidity. At bronchoscopy: the mucous membrane of bronchial tubes is
sanguineous,
dropsical, with small hemorrhages. There is a lot of mucus in the lumen of
bronchial tubes.
Diagnose process in bronchial tubes.
- Catarrhal-purulent bronchitis
?
At dissection of man of 34, dying of chronic kidney
insufficiency in connection with the amyloidosis of kidneys,
pathologist detected in lungs mainly in lower lobes - plural diffuse
expansions of bronchial tubes, in lumens of which there is purulent content.
Surface of cut of lungs has a close-meshed structure, reminds a bee
honeycombs. Histologically there is chronic inflammation chronic
inflammation in the wall of bronchial tubes, elastic
and muscular fibers are substituted by connecting tissue. These changes
in lung a doctor considered as:
- Bronchopneumonia
- Chronic pneumonia
+ Bronchiectasis
?
On dissection of patient of 42 years old, suffering from chronic diffuse
bronchitis and died from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency,
large, with increased airiness lungs which cover mediastenum by the
edges are detected, don't deflate, of pale-grey color, cut with a crunch,
at pressing by finger there is pit on the surface of lungs. From
lumen of bronchial tubes mucous-purulent exudate is excreted.
Put a diagnosis.
- Chronic focal emphysema
- Primary idiopathic emphysema
- Vicarial compensatory emphysema
?
There are follicles of different sizes and forms in a resected enlarged thyroid,
with intrafollicular and extrafollicular proliferation of
epithelium, layers of connecting tissue. Put the most faithful diagnosis.
- Diffuse goitre
- Autoimmune thyroiditis
- Follicle adenomas on a background a diffuse goitre
+ Macro-, microfollicular, goitre with nodule's formation
?
There is sent a resected kidney with a nodule more than 5 cm in a diameter, clearly
delimited,
with hemorrhages. At histological research of nodule: it consists of
cells with a large rim of physaliphorous cytoplasm, small,
monomorphic nuclei, formative large complexes, of taenular
structures. Choose the most faithful diagnosis.
- Solid cancer
+ Clear-cell cancer
- Clear-cell adenoma
- Trabecular adenoma
- Metastatical nodule in a kidney
?
On dissection of a dead person 38 years old kidneys of 18 x 16 x 8cm, reminding
vine clusters, on a cut consisting of great number of
cavities from 0,5 cm to 3 cm in a diameter, filled by a serous liquid
or by colloid masses, parenchyma of kidney between cavities acutely
thinned to 0,1 cm. What disease did dying suffer from?
- Nephrolithiasis
+ Cystic disease of kidneys
- Dysplasia of kidneys
?
On dissection both kidneys are characterized of acute pallor of cortical
substance, by the plethora of pyramids, thus most pronounced on a border
between a cortical and medullary substance. Such type of kidney is characteristic
for:
- Decompensated insufficiency of heart
+ Shock
- To bilateral embolism of renal arteries
- Bilateral thrombosis of renal veins
?
A patient was ill with glomerulonephritis for a long time, has died at the
phenomena uremia. Thus signs of fibrinous inflammation will be in:
- Skin
- Cerebrum
- Livers
- Pancreas
+ Colon
?
On dissection for the man of 73 years the enlarged, soft, elastic,
slightly uneven prostate gland which on a cut
consists of separate nodules, separated by connective tissue is detected. At a
microscopy
the increase of amount of mucous elements are marked. Size of lobules
and an amount of mucous elements in them are different. What process
does take a place in a prostate gland?
- Cancer
- Muscular-fibrinous (stromal) nodular hyperplasia
- Mixed nodular hyperplasia
- Adenoma
+ Mucous nodular hyperplasia
?
The woman of 32 years after abortion applied to the doctor with complaints about
a cough
and haemoptusis. Roentgenologically - the plural in lungs
focal shadowings are detected. Bimanually along the left marge of uterus
noduleted formation is palpated. Microscopy of scraping of walls of uterine cavity
detected clear epithelial Langhan's cells, amoung them there are
a lot of giant and polymorphic cells of syncytium, that
actively divided. Your diagnosis?
- Leiomyoma
- Polymorphocelullar sarcoma
+ Chorioepithelioma
- Syncytial sarcoma
?
At a woman 46 years old during a palliative operation concerning the cancer of
stomach
the presence of Krukenberg's metastases is determined in ovaries ("Krukenberg's
cancer of ovaries"). What from set out below ways of metastazing led
to the defeat of ovaries?
- Hematogenous
- Lymphogenous orthograde
+ Lymphogenous retrograde
- Implantation
- Canalicular
?
At a patient at palpation of thyroid nodule in a diameter of
1,5 cm was found. At histological research cavities of different
size, covered by atypical epithelium and filled by papillae,
that originate from the wall of cyst are determined; in some
areas papillae intergrow a wall of cavities and capsule of tumour.
What diagnosis is most credible?
- Solid adenoma
- Follicular cancer
- Papillary adenoma
+ Papillary cancer
- Follicular adenoma
?
At a 30-years old woman with uterine bleeding during examination
a tumour in the wall of uterus is found. Epithelial clear Langhan's
cells are microscopically detected, there are many giant and
polymorphic cells of syncytium amoung them;
stroma is absent, vessels look like cavities lined with
the cells of tumour. What pathological process is
most credible?
- Cancer of uterus
+ Chorioepithelioma of uterus
- Cystic mole
- Endometritis
- Endometriosis
?
At microscopic research of prostate gland
plenty of nonstriated fibres, atrophied mucous
elements are among them; lobularity of glands is disturbed.
What process in a gland is most credible?
- Adenoma
- Mucous form of nodular hyperplasia
+ Muscular-fibrinous form of nodular hyperplasia
- Mixed form of nodular hyperplasia
- Cancer
?
At a woman 35 years old at palpation of mammary gland a nodule
2 cm is in a diameter is detected. At histological research, connective
tissue with the areas of hyalinosis, atrophic lobules
and cystically-expanded ducts, that are localized in it are determined.
Cavity of ductus and cyst are covered
by atrophic epithelium. What disease of mammary gland is most credible?
- Mastitis
- Cancer
- Fibroadenoma
+ Benignant dysplasia
- Pedget's disease
?
At histological research of biopsy of neck of uterus substitution
of pavement epithelium by the cylindrical epithelium of cervical cannal
and considerable excrescence of glands under an integumentary
epithelium is detected. What diagnosis is possible?
+ proliferating endocervicosis
- Adenomatosis
- Simplex endocervicosis
- Papillary endocervicosis
- Healing endocervicosis
?
layer is acutely edematous and clearly separated from the hypertrophied medullary
?
substance is thinned, tissue is dim. Each of kidneys has weight 90 g. At
numerous lymphoid infiltrates in strome. Walls of vessels are hyperplastic,
?
infiltrate is:
- T-helpers
- B-lymphocytes
+ T-killers
- Plasmatic cells
?
- Membranous
- Fibroplastic
?
At a woman of 32 years with the II blood (Rh"-") type from 2nd pregnancy
- Pneumopathies
?
Bulemia - is a:
- Permanent thirst
+ "Wolfish hunger"
?
Anorexia - it:
?
At patient with diabetes mellitus acute pain appeared in a right foot.
At examination large finger of foot of a black colour, tissues of foot
are an edematous, foci of epidermal exfoliation, excretions with
- Bedsore
- Sequestrum
- Dry gangrene
+ Humid gangrene
- Heart attack
?
At a patient dense nodule in a diameter of 2.0 cm is in
capsule is operatively resected out of a mammary gland.
On dissection it is white-rose, filament(stringy).
Microscopically: a tumour is presented by glands without cellular atypism,
which are squeezed by connective tissue.
- Adenoma
+ Fibroadenoma
- Adenocarcinoma
?
in blood content of urinary acid was increased. Changes in
- Cholesterol
- Lipids
- Hyaline
+ Urates
- Phosphates
?
?
gland with sizes 6x4 cm, of dense elastic consistency was found, on a cut its
tissue has whitish-rose color. What generalized pathological process
?
At patient with strengthened maintenance of parathormpone at histological
research of area of pathological break of bone foci of
lacunar resorption of osteoid beams, bones and new formations
to fibrinous tissue are detected. Your diagnosis.
+ Adenoma of parathyroid gland
- Multiple myeloma (Kahler's disease)
- Mineral dystrophy
- Osteoclastoma (giant cell tumour of bone)
- Osteomyelitis
?
On dissection of a dying patient there are detected the
adenoma of prostate glands and large kidneys with
acutely enlarged pelvises and calices,
filled by a transparent liquid. Name a process in kidneys.
+ Hydronephrosis
- Cystic disease
- Tuberculosis
- Pyelonephritis
?
At microscopic research of biopsy material of uterine womb of patient with
chronic endocervicosis cellular and nuclear atypia of multi-layered
pavement epithelium, pathological mitosises, and also horny pearls (plantar
verruca)
at depth of epithelium layers is detected. Your diagnosis:
- Transitional cell carcinoma cancer
+ Planocelullar cancer with a cornification
- Mucous cancer
- Anaplastic cancer
?
At a young man the increase of somatotropic hormone was detected,
the sizes of nose, lips, ears, lower jaw, arms and feet are enlarged.
Your diagnosis.
- Itsenko-Cushing's disease
+ Acromegalia
- Addoson's disease
?
At a young woman, dying of kidney insufficiency, adrenals are
acutely diminished, in the thickened cortical substance endocrinocytes are absent,
they aresubstituted by lymphocytic infiltrates and small foci of sclerosis.
Your diagnosis:
+ Addison's disease
- Uoterhauzen-Frideriksen's syndrome
- Con's disease
- Cushing's disease
- Pheochromocytoma
?
For a woman in age of 56 years, that suffers from chronic
pylephlebitic abscess of liver for long time (over a period of
13 years)the signs of kidney insufficiency appeared after carried shigellosis.
What complication in kidneys can be related to the chronic abscess
and that could serve as reason for it?
- Poststreptococcus glomerulonephritis
- Focal interstitial nephrite
- Proliferative glomerulonephritis
- Gouty kidney
?
A man in age of 55 years was ill with chronic
glomerulonephritis for a long time. Died at the phenomena
chronic kidney insufficiency. On autopsy an urinous smell is marked.
On the surface of epicardium and pericardium
greyish-whitish membranous sedimentations are detected,
after the removal of them acutely extended and replete
blood vessels are well seen. What pathological
process did take a place in a pericardium?
- organization
- arterial plethora
?
At a girl 9 years 2 weeks after carried ARD
edemata of extremities, AP increase, wetting as "meat sloops"developed.
poststreptococcus glomerulonephritis with a nephritic syndrome is diagnosed.
What pathological process does lie in basis of pathology of kidneys?
- Defeat of tubules of kidneys by the toxins of streptococci
- Sedimentation of immune complexes in tubules between a basal membrane
and by epithelium cells;
+ Sedimentation of immune complexes between a basal membrane and endothelial
cells in the glomerule of kidney
- Formation of autoantibodies against the basal membrane of kidneys
- Toxic action of acetylsalicinic acid on kidneys
?
At a girl 13 years 14 days after the carried quinsy
nephritic syndrome appeared. Acute poststreptococcus
glomerulonephritis is diagnosed. The manifestation of what process is such
reaction of hypersensitiveness of the III type:
- Autoimmune of damage
- Antibodies' damage
+ Immunocomplex of damage
- To cytotoxicity of T-lymphocytes
- Reactions of antibodies with antigens on the surface of cell of owner
?
At a woman 28 years a dead fetus with gestational age above
43 weeks born. The skin of fetus is dry, peeling. On autopsy is general hypotrophia
and presence of center of ossification of proximal epiphysis of tibial
and humeral bones amniotic fluid, umbilical cord and membranes of afterbirth
are painted by meconium. The manifestation of what period are the described
morphological changes:
+ Antenatal of period
- Prenatal period
- Intranatal of period
- Postnatal period
- Period of progenesis
?
Woman 68 years old has being ill with chronic fibrous-cavernous
tuberculosis during 20 years. Entered nephrological
department with the phenomena of uremia. Lifetime test on amyloid
presence in kidneys was positive.
What form of amyloidosis does speech go about in this case?
- Primary systemic
+ Second systemic
- Limited (local)
- Familial inerited
- Senile (geriatric, old age)
?
A woman 20 years old entered surgical clinic with complaints about muscular
weakness and rapid fatiguability, ptosis, defeat of masticatory,
lingual and deglutitive (swallowing) muscles, in addition - enlarged thymus.
After thymectomy in thymus histologically there was detected follicular
hyperplasia, and in biopsy material of skeletal muscle - dystrophy and necrosis of
singular
muscular fibres and focal lymphocytic infiltrate. Diagnose
disease of the musculary system.
- Dermatomyositis
+ Myasthenia
- Progressing muscular dystrophy
- Dushen's muscular dystrophy
- Erb's muscular dystrophy
?
During histologically research of scrape walls of uterine cavity of
45-years-old woman with disorders of ovarian-menstrual cycle
the increases of amount of endometrial glands are detected, cells of glands
have the morphological signs of proliferative phase, some
glands are cystic-like extended. Diagnose a disease.
+ hyperplasia glandulocystica of endometrium
- Atypical hyperplasia of endometrium
- Mucous polypus of endometrium
- Adenocarcinoma of endometrium
?
layer acutely edematous is clearly separated from the hypertrophied medullary
?
substance thinned, tissue is dim. Each of kidneys has weight 90 g. At
numerous lymphoid infiltrates in strome.Walls of vessels are hyperplastic,
?
infiltrate is:
- T-helpers
- B-lymphocytes
+ T-killers
- Plasmatic cells
?
- Membranous
- Fibroplastic
?
At a woman of 32 years with the II blood (Rh"-") type from 2th pregnancy
- Pneumopathies
?
Bulemia - is a:
- Permanent thirst
+ "Wolfish hunger"
?
Anorexia - it:
?
with
- Bedsore
- Sequestrum
- Dry gangrene
+ Humid gangrene
- Heart attack
?
At a patient from a mammary gland dense nodule in a diameter
of 2.0 cm is in capsule is operatively resected. On dissection it is
white-rose, filament(stringy). Microscopically:
a tumour is presented by glands without cellular atypism,
which are squezed by connective tissue.
- Adenoma
+ Fibroadenoma
- Adenocarcinoma
?
in blood content of urinary acid increased. Changes in
- Cholesterol
- Lipids
- Hyaline
+ Urates
- Phosphates
?
?
gland with sizes 6x4 cm, of dense elastic consistency, on a cut its
tissue has whitish-rose color was found. What generalpathological process
An autopsy of a 76-year-old male, who smoked for a long period of time, lived sedentary life
and had reduced weight, revealed intima of the aorta some grey-yellow spots and stripes,
fibrous plaques, calcified areas with haemorrhages and calcinosis. What disease do these
changes indicate?
+ Atherosclerosis
- Visceral syphilis
- Nonspecific aortoarteritis
?
An autopsy of a 27-year-old male, who died suddenly, revealed intima of the abdominal aorta
some yellow foci in the form of spots and stripes, which did not rise above the surface of the
intima but after staining with sudan III became orange. What stage in the morphogenesis of
atherosclerosis was revealed?
- Atherocalcinosis
- Liposclerosis
- Atheroma
+ Lipoidosis
- Prelipid
?
A histological examination of a skin biopsy revealed an insignificantly expressed atrophy of
the epidermis, hyalinosis of collagenous fibres and scanty perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates
in the dermis, an expressed interstitial oedema, a loss of transversal striation and microfocal
necroses with petrification in the underlying skeletal muscles. Make a diagnosis of the disease.
- Scleroderma
+ Dermatomyositis
- Rheumatism
?
A microscopic examination of the wall of an aorta revealed a focal infiltration of the intima by
lipids and proteins. The lipids impregnated the intima and accumulated in the muscle cells and
macrophages. Determine the stage of atherosclerosis.
- Prelipid
- Liposclerosis
- Atheromatosis
- Atherocalcinosis
+ Lipoidosis
?
An autopsy of a 9-year-old child, who suffered from rheumatism and died of heart failure,
revealed dilatation of cavities in the ventricles of his heart. Microscopically, the myocardial
stroma was characterized by a plethora, oedema, diffuse infiltrations of histiocytes,
lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. What diagnosis was the most probable one?
+ Diffuse interstitial exudative myocarditis
- Focal interstitial exudative myocarditis
- Granulomatous productive myocarditis
- Interstitial productive myocarditis
- Alterative myocarditis
?
A male patient developed substernal pains at 8 a.m., and at 9 a.m. myocardial infarction was
diagnosed by ECG data at the admission department. Ten minutes later the patient died. What
most reliable sign of myocardial infarction will be found on histological examination?
- Vacuole dystrophy of cardiomyocytes
- Fat infiltration of cardiomyocytes
+ Disappearance of glycogen in cardiomyocytes
- Reduced activity of dehydrogenases in fibroblasts
- Relaxation of myofibrils in cardiomyocytes
?
A 75-year-old male was hospitalized complaining of a sharp pain in the abdominal cavity,
weakness, filiform pulse. During an operation it was found that the paraaortic fat was imbibed
with blood. The abdominal aorta had a sac-like protrusion, its wall was thinned and had an
area of rupture. What disease caused the complication?
- Coronary disease
+ Atherosclerosis
- Cardiomyopathy
- Systemic vasculitis
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who died from heart failure, revealed an enlarged heart
weighing 550 g, fibrinous pericarditis, as well as contracted dense kidneys weighing 50 g each
and having a fine-grained surface. Microscopically, the kidneys were characterized by an
expressed hyalinosis of arteioles and glomeruli. Name the basic disease.
- Atherosclerosis
- Rheumatism
+ Hypertensive disease
- Pericarditis
- Cardiomyopathy
?
A 67-year-old male patient was suffering from hypertensive disease during 20 years. He died
from chronic renal insufficiency. What appearance his kidneys had on autopsy?
- Large, motley
- Large, red
- Large, white, dense
- Small, dense, macrotuberous
+ Small, dense, with a fine-grained surface
?
An autopsy of a female revealed morphological manifestations of chronic heart failure in the
right ventricle, stenosis of the left atrioventricular aperture, insufficiency of the mitral valve.
Histologically, a connective-tissue disorganization in the form of some mucoid and fibrinoid
swelling was found with presence of blooming "Aschoff s bodies" against a background of focal
cardiosclerosis in the myocardium. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
- Scleroderma
- Dermatomyositis
+ Rheumatism
?
Against a background of hypertensive crisis, a male patient with hypertensive disease
developed acute renal insufficiency which caused his death. What morphological changes in
the renal arterioles were the most probable?
- Stenosing atherosclerosis
- Hyperelastosis
+ Fibrinoid necrosis
- Hyalinosis
- Sclerosis
?
A 45-year-old female, who complained of progressing muscular weakness, underwent a biopsy
of soft tissues on her shin. A histological examination of the biopsy revealed some microfocal
petrification of the dermis and skeletal muscles, a reduced amount of glycogen and transversal
striation in the muscular fibres, some fibres were necrotized, the stroma was infiltrated by
lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells. Make a diagnosis of the disease.
+ Dermatomyositis
- Systemic scleroderma
- Rheumatism
?
A- old female suffers from an expressed deformity of joints of her fingers and iocs.
Histologically, the periarticular connective tissue reveals some mucoid swelling, foci of
fibrinoid necrosis, clusters of macrophages and areas of sclerosis, the synovial membrane has
an oedema of villi, as well as their mucoid and fibrinoid swelling, the synovial cavity contains
"rice bodies". Make a diagnosis of the disease.
+ Rheumatoid arthritis
- Rheumatism
- Bekhterev's disease
- Infectious polyarthritis
?
A histological examination of the cusps of the mitral valve in the heart of a female, who died
from cardiac decompensation, revealed a focal desquamation of endotheliocytes with
superimposed thrombotic masses in these areas. The connective tissue of the valve cusp had
signs of disorganization, areas of sclerosis and angiomatosis. Diagnose the kind of valvular
endocarditis.
+ Recurrent vegetative
- Diffuse
- Acute vegetative
- Loffler's
- Polypous-ulcerous
?
On autopsy of a 68-year-old male, who died from cardiac decompensation, the myocardium of
the anterior wall in left ventricle of his heart contained an irregular grey focus, {5 x 4 cm} in
size, with a dense consistency, fibrous structure and clear borders. What pathological process
in the myocardium did the pathologist reveal?
- Myocarditis
- Microfocal cardiosclerosis
- Infarction
+ Postinfarction cardiosclerosis
- Rheumatism
?
An examination of the female, who died from renal insufficiency, revealed that her skin in the
regions of the bridge of the nose and lateral surfaces of the face was brown-reddish and
desquamative. On autopsy, the heart was enlarged, the cusps of the aortic valve were
thickened, dense and had thrombotic superpositions. The aortic wall had elastolysis and small
scars in the middle coat. The kidneys were motley, enlarged, with foci of haemorrhages in their
cortical layer. Microscopically, there were haematoxylin bodies in the epithelial nuclei, the
basal membranes of capillaries of the glomeruli were thickened and gave an appearance of
wire loops, somewhere the capillaries contained hyaline thrombi and foci of fibrinoid necrosis.
Make a diagnosis.
- Rheumatism
- Arteriolar nephrosclerosis
+ Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Nephropathy amyloidosis
- Arterial nephrosclerosis
?
An autopsy of a 7-year-old child, who died from progressing heart failure, revealed 200 ml of
some semitransparent fluid in the pericardial cavity, the surface of the epicardium had greyish
filamentous superpositions. Name the kind of pericarditis.
- Serous
- Haemorrhagic
- Purulent
- Fibroplastic
+ Fibrinous
?
An autopsy of a 38-year-old male, who died in a car accident, revealed in his aorta some
yellow-grey spots and stripes which did not rise above the surface of the intima.
Microscopically, the intima had an abundant deposition of proteins, plasma, fibrin, GAG,
cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins; the endothelium had foci of affection. Name the stage of
morphogenesis of atherosclerosis.
- Prelipid
+ Lipoidosis
- Liposclerosis
- Atheromatosis
- Atherocalcinosis
?
A clinical examination of a 41-year-old male patient revealed some deformity in small joints of
his extremities. A microscopic examination of a biopsy of the synovial coat revealed foci of
mucoid and fibrinoid swelling and fibrinoid necrosis in the stroma of villi and vascular walls,
proliferation of synoviocytes, a perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes, plasmocytes and
neutrophils; there was IgG in the plasmocytes. Which of the diagnosis listed below was the
most probable?
- Polyarthritic form of rheumatism
+ Rheumatoid arthritis (stage I)
- Rheumatoid arthritis (stage II)
- Rheumatoid arthritis (stage III)
- Arthritis in systemic lupus erythematosus
?
Two weeks after angina, a 14-year-old child developed pains in the heart, cyanosis, dyspnea,
oedema of his lower extremities. The death was caused by cardiac arrest. On autopsy, the
heart was enlarged, its cavities were dilated, the myocardium was flaccid. A microscopic
examination revealed an acute oedema and plethora of the interstice, an expressed infiltration
by lymphocytes, histiocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils, foci of dystrophy of cardiomyocytes.
- Ischaemic dystrophy of myocardium
- Nodular productive myocarditis
+ Diffuse interstitial exudative myocarditis
- Focal interstitial exudative myocarditis
- Idiopathic myocarditis
?
An autopsy of a 70-year-old male patient, who died from cardiac failure, revealed deformed
and narrowed coronary arteries. On section, the inner surface of the arteries was tuberous, the
wall was whitish, fragile and stony in consistency. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the
most probable?
+ Atherocalcinosis
- Liposclerosis
- Atheromatosis
- Lipoidosis
- Ulceration
?
An autopsy of a 70-year-old male, who died of cardiovascular insufficiency mill during his life-
time suffered from angina pectoris, hypercholesterolaemia and obesity, revealed a chronic
venous plethora of the organs, hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart with microfocal
cardiosclerosis, voluminous yellow plaques in the intima of the aorta with fine-grained masses
in their centre and these masses went deep into the thickness of the wall. Which of the stages
of atherosclerosis listed below was the most probable?
- Prelipid
- Lipoidosis
- Liposclerosis
+ Atheromatosis
- Atherocalcinosis
?
A 56-year-old male patient with elevated blood pressure (250/120 mm Hg) died from an
impairment of his cerebral circulation. An autopsy of the brain revealed a red focus in the
thalamus, 2.5 cm in diameter, which sank on section. Microscopically, there was fibrinoid
necrosis of the vascular walls and impregnation of the necrotized brain tissue with blood.
- Cerebral haematoma
+ Haemorrhagic infarct of brain
- Anaemic infarct of brain
- Mixed infarct
?
An autopsy of a male, who suffered from arterial hypertension during his lifetime, revealed
oedema of the brain substance, arterial walls at the base were thickened, with white-yellowish
plaques in the intima, the left hemisphere had a focus,( 5 x 4 x 3 cm) in size, representing a
cavity filled with liquid blood and its clots. Define the pathological process in the brain.
- Transitory ischaemia
- Haemorrhagic infarct
- Anaemic infarct
+ Haematoma
- Mixed infarct
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old female, who died from cardiac failure, revealed on the lateral
surfaces of her both cheeks some reddish-brownish spots which fused on the bridge of the
nose. The heart was enlarged, the myocardium was flaccid in consistency, the cusps of the
aortic valve were thickened and had thrombotic superpositions. The kidneys were motley and
had focal haemorrhages. The pyramids of the medullary layer were dark red, the cortical layer
was greyish and had red specks. A microscopic examination of the kidneys revealed
haematoxylin bodies in the tubular epithelial nuclei, the basal membranes of capillaries of the
glomeruli were thickened and gave an appearance of wire loops, somewhere the walls of the
capillaries contained hyaline thrombi and foci of fibrinoid necrosis. Which diagnosis was the
most probable?
- Rheumatic defect of heart
+ Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Atherosclerotic defect of heart
?
A room for dissections received the body of a 56-year-old male who was ill with rheumatism
during 8 years and died from cardiovascular insufficiency. An autopsy revealed the rheumatic
defect of the heart -mitral incompetence. A histological examination revealed oedema of the
interstice, its diffuse infiltration by lymphocytes, histiocytes, neutrophilic and eosinophilic
leukocytes, as well as parenchymatous protein and fatty degeneration of the cardiomyocytes.
The left atrial auricle had foci of fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by large macrophages which
were located in the form of a veil. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Diffuse isolated myocarditis
- Focal isolated myocarditis
- Acute serous myocarditis
+ Productive granulomatous myocarditis
- Acute purulent myocarditis
?
On autopsy of a 66-year-old male, who died from acute cardiac failure, an acute venous
plethora of the internal organs was found. The cardiac cavities were dilated; a myocardial
section revealed some dim yellowish focus, 3.5 x 4 cm in size, in the anterior wall of the left
ventricle. The coronary arteries had stenosing atheromatous plaques. Which of the diagnoses
listed below was the most probable?
+ Myocardial infarction
- Microfocal cardiosclerosis
- Macrofocal cardiosclerosis
- Fatty degeneration of myocardium
- Myocarditis
?
At histologically research of side of aorta plenty of "xantom cells" which are located mainly in
intimae were revealed. What disease is such picture possible for?
- Non-specific aortoarteritis
+ Atherosclerosis
- Nodozic periarteritis
- Syphilitic mesaortitis
- Hypertension disease
?
At what disease are there Ashoff-Talalaevskyi’s granules in tissues ?
- Leper
+ Rheumatism
- System red lupus
- Tuberculosis
?
65 years old patient, suffering from atherosclerosis came in surgical department because of
the poured festering peritonitis. During the operation the thrombosis of big arteries was
diagnosed. What is the most probable reason of peritonitis?
- Compression ischemia
+ Hemorrhagic heart attack
- Stasis
- Ischemia angiospatic
?
Patient, with the keen transmural heart attack of myocardium of left ventricle died from the
break of heart and tamponade. What process in the area of heart attack could promote the
break?
- Substitution by connective tissue with the reduction of elasticity of myocardium
- Increase of pressure in the small circle of circulation of blood
- Thinning of scar-changed side of ventricle with forming of aneurysm
+ Autolytic processes with melting of tissue of myocardium (myomalacion)
- Forming of scar with thinning of side of left ventricle of heart
?
The patient of 73 years died as a result of the development of keen peritonitis that was a result
of perforated gastric ulcer. At autopsy, except for the symptoms of peritonitis, in the left
parietal stake of cerebrum was found a cavity containing a transparent liquid. The side of
cavity is presented by the tissue of brain, painted in a brown color. What is the most probable
origin of this cavity?
- Innate vice of development (porencephalia)
+ Result of hemorrhage in a brain
- Tumor of brain
- Result of grey softening of brain
- Abscess of brain
?
At autopsy of the man of 75 years old plural yellow-white, dense, in some places balls without
calcification on intimae of aorta, coronary arteries of heart, arteries of intestine and lower
limbs were found. What general pathological process is the basis of the changes in aorta and
arteries?
- Inflammation
+ Dystrophy
- Organization
- Atrophy
- Necrosis
?
At autopsy of the man of 70 years old, who suffered from atherosclerosis, in the undercortex
region of left hemisphere the area of wrong form with sizes (6x5 см), flabby, non-structured,
of grey color with a planned cavity in the center. What end of process do the changes in a
brain testify about?
- Organization
- Encapsulation
- Petrifaction
+ Aseptic dissolving
- Septic disintegration
?
At autopsy of the 43 years old woman suffering from rheumatism and mitral vice it was found
that the casements of mitral valve were keenly bulged, accreted with each other, stony
closeness. What pathological process caused the stony closeness of valve of heart?
- Hyalinosis
+ Dystrophic uncalciuming
- Metastatic uncalciuming
- Amyloidosis
- Metabolic uncalciuming
?
The 60 years old patient who had been suffering from atherosclerosis for years and carried
heart attack of myocardium earlier, has got the attack of sternum pains. The patient was
hospitalized. In 3 days, on a background of cardio-vascular insufficiency progress he died. At
autopsy in area of the back side of the left ventricle and interventricle partition the area of
white color about 3 см in a diameter, fibred, falling in, with a clear border was found. A
dissector considered these changes as:
- Myocarditis
- Myocardial ischemia
+ Hearth cardiosclerosis
- Dystrophy of myocardium
?
The 50 years old woman suffering from hypertonic disease, has got the protracted attack of
sternum pains, on ECG the heart attack of myocardium was diagnosed. The patient died. At
autopsy the doctor noticed flabby consistency, uneven blood filling of myocardium, and
histologically and histochemical analysis found disappearance of granules of glycogen,
reduction of activity of oxidizing-restorations ferments. What stage of heart attack of
myocardium is the question about?
+ Ischaemic stage
- Keen relapsing heart attack
- Repeated heart attack
- Necrotic stage
- Organization of heart attack
?
The patient of 24 years old has been suffering from rheumatism since childhood, mitral
stenosis was clinically diagnosed. Last years the episodes of cardio-vascular insufficiency
became more frequent, almost permanent cough with a rusty phlegm. Name the possible
changes in lungs of this patient.
- Pneumosclerosis
- Bronchoectasis
?
The 27 years old patient suffers from rheumatic vice of heart. She came in clinic with
complaints about the shortness of breath, oedemas on the legs, ascites, increase of size of liver.
Death came because of chronic heart insufficiency. At autopsy mitral stenosis was diagnosed.
Which of factors of the morphogenesis is the most probable?
- Sclerosis and bulge of casements
- Shortening of tendon filaments
- Sclerosis and shortening of casements
+ Accreting of casements with each other
- Presence of small blood clots on the surface of the valve
?
The man of 40 years died because of odonthogenic sepsis. At autopsy it was found that the
half-moon valves of aorta were keenly bulged, whitish, opaque, a bit movable, thrombotic
impositions with sizes (1x1.5 cm) were located on the external surface. What form of
endocarditis is the question about?
- Polypose-ulcerous endocarditis
+ Keen warty endocarditis
?
At autopsy it was found that the patient who died from cardio-lungs insufficiency had the
keenly anaemic liver of dough-like consistency, yellow. At coloring with haematoxylin and
eosin vacuoles of different sizes were detected in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. What kind of
dystrophy is this?
- Mesenchymal fatty
- Hydropic
- Gialin-drop
- Carbohydrate parenchymatose
+ Parenchymatose fatty
?
The patient has a keen septic endocarditis. At examination the doctor noticed the general
pallor and icterity of skin, scleras and visible mucous membranes. In blood a lot of indirect
bilirubin was found. The yellow painting of scleras’ skin and mucous membranes is the display
of:
- Fatty dystrophy
- Hemosiderosis
- Subhepatic jaundice
+ Underhepatic jaundice
- Hepatic jaundice
?
At autopsy of 87 years old patient who suffered from atherosclerotic aneurysm of abdominal
aorta (bag-like extension of the changed side of aorta) 2800 ml of blood were found in behind-
peritoneal space of abdominal region. The break of aneurysm of aorta was diagnosed as
reason of bleeding. What is the mechanism of death of this patient?
- Diminishing of influx of arterial blood to myocardium
- Reduction of pressure in the cavities of heart and stop of heart - asystole
+ Collapse
- Keen hypoxia and anoxia of brain
- Keen irritation of nervous ganglions of behind-peritoneum with the reflex stop of heart
?
At autopsy of 61 years old patient, who suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, increased kidneys
were found, very dense, rather yellow-white, with wax brilliance and areas of scared troughs
on the surface. At coloring "Congo-Roth"deposit of homogeneous rose masses in the capillary
loops of balls, sides of arterioles, arteries, basal membrane of tubules, and in strome were
found. Development of what process is rheumatic arthritis complicated with?
- Keen necrotizing nephrosis
+ Secondary amyloidosis of kidneys
- Fibro-plastic glomerulonephritis
- Fast-progressing glomerulonephritis
- Post-infection glomerulonephritis
?
At autopsy of 47 years old patient, who died because of chronic kidney insufficiency,
hypertrophy of left ventricle was found. What macroscopic description is the most
corresponding to this diagnosis?
- Mass of heart is 360,0; thickness of side of left ventricle is 0,9 cm, right - 0,8 cm
- Mass of heart is 450,0; cavities of heart are extended, teat-like and trabecular muscles are
incrassate, thickness of muscle of left ventricle is 2 cm, right - 1 cm
- Mass of heart is 220,0; thickness of side of left ventricle is 0,6 cm, right - 0,3 cm
+ Mass of heart is 400,0; thickness of side of left ventricle is 2 cm, right 0,4 cm
- Mass of heart is 280,0; thickness of side of left ventricle is 1 cm, right ventricle - 0,3 cm
?
The 75 years old patient for 15 years had been suffering from bronchial asthma, ischemic
heart disease, increase of blood pressure for the last 2 years. The hypertrophy of left ventricle
was fixed. What is the reason of hypertrophy?
+ Arterial hypertension
- Chronic ischemia of heart muscle
- Bronchial asthma
?
An old patient had keen violation of cerebral circulation of blood with coma state and mortal
end. At autopsy the large cavity filled with blood was found in the right hemisphere of
cerebrum. What pathological process was fixed in cerebrum?
- Diapedetic hemorrhage
- Tumor of brain
- Hemorrhagic infiltration
+ Haematoma
- Attack of brain
?
During the second week the patient with diphtheria has got keen myocardium insufficiency
development with fatal outcome. At autopsy: the ventricles of heart are extended,
myocardium are flabby and pied. Histologicallyly the numerous small hearths of myolysis
with weak perifocal lymphoid infiltration were found. What was the reason of death of
patient?
- Bacterial myocarditis
- Septic myocarditis
+ Myocarditis caused by bacterial exotoxin
- Metabolic necrosises of myocardium
?
At autopsy of dead man who suffered from atherosclerosis the thrombosis of branch of
internal carotid and grey hearth of moist softening of tissues were found in cerebrum. What
pathological process was exposed in cerebrum?
+ Ischaemic heart attack
- Hemorrhagic infiltration
- Tumor of brain
- Encephalitis
- Haematoma
?
The patient who carried the heart attack of myocardium, after the physical loading has the
symptoms of insufficiency of circulation of blood: cyanosis and edema of hypoderm of lower
limbs. What morphological changes develop in place of heart attack of myocardium has
recovered man?
- Incell regeneration
- Atrophy of myocardium
- Mitotic formation of cardiomyocites
+ Cardiosclerosis
- Myocarditis
?
At histologically research of top of heart of the patient with stenosis of mitral valve the
granules of "Ashoff-Talalaev "were found. What genesis of vice of heart do histologically
researches testify to?
+ Rheumatic
- Septic
- Innate
- Syphilitic
- Atherosclerotic
?
The patient with hypertension disease has got multi-hour hypertension crisis. What
pathomorphologic changes in the sides of arterioles appear during hypertension crisis?
- Calcinosis
- Hyalinosis
- Amiloidosis
- Sclerosis
?
46 years old patient with rheumatic vice of heart - stenosis of the left atrioventicular hole - the
shortness of breath is noticed at small physical loading, heartbeat, cyanosis of lips, moist
wheezes in the lower parts of lungs, edemas on lower limbs. What histologically changes will
be typical for a liver?
- Necrosis of hepatocytes in the center of lobule, gialin-drop dystrophy on periphery
- Hydropic dystrophy of hepatocytes in the center of lobule, necrosis on periphery
+ Necrosis of hepatocytes in the center of lobule, fatty dystrophy on periphery
- Necrosis of hepatocytes in the center of lobule, hydropic dystrophy on periphery
- Fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes in the center of lobule, necrosis on periphery
?
The man of 56 years died suddenly. At autopsy the break of aneurysm of ascending part of
aorta was found. On intimae there are whitish tubercles with the scared indrawings.
Histologically in a side were found accumulations of lymphoid and plasmatic cells, giant cells
like Pirogov-Langhans’s cells, fibroblasts, small hearths of necrosis. The elastic fibres of middle
shell were blasted, the fields of connective tissue concerned in it. What disease caused the
appearance of aneurysm?
- Atherosclerosis
+ Syphilis
- Non-specific aortoartheriate
- System red lupus
- System necrotizing vasculitis
?
A patient died from idiopatic myocarditis (Abramov-Fidler’s). At macroscopic research during
autopsy the increase of heart in sizes was fixed, flabby tissue, cavities are stretched, muscle on
a cut pied, valve intact. What pathohistological changes can be discovered in myocardium?
- Vasculitis, dystrophy and infiltrative-inflammatory changes of myocardium
- Serosal edema and polymorphical -cellular infiltration of stroma
+ Alternation of hypertrophied and atrophied cardiomyocytes, sclerosis of stroma
- Hydrophic dystrophy, lysis of cardiomyocites, collapse of reticular stroma
- Fatty dystrophy, lysis of cardiomyocites, sclerosis of stroma
?
A patient for long time had hypertension disease and then died from a hemorrhage in a brain.
On a cut kidneys are diminished in sizes, dense consistency, their surface fine-grained, the
crust substance is some thinned. What microscopic changes are typical for a kidney?
- Secondary wrinkled kidney
+ Primary wrinkled kidney
- Pyelonephritically wrinkled kidney
- Amiloidosis of kidney
- Attack of kidney
?
The child of 7 years has dense, painless knots (1-2 mm) on the skin of unbending surfaces of
elbows and knee joints. In bioptate of knots there is a large hearth of fibrinoid necrosis of
connective tissue with lymphocytes and macrophages along peripheries. What disease are
such knots typical for?
+ Rheumatism
- System red lupus
- Knot periarteritis
- Sclerodermia
?
A patient died with the symptoms of cardio-vascular insufficiency. Results of autopsy: post-
heart-attack of cardiosclerosis, hypertrophy of myocardium and dilatation of its cavities,
especially right ventricle. Liver is increased, with a smooth surface, on a cut sanguinous, with
crimson points on the brown background of tissue. Histologically: plethora of central parts of
lobules; in peripheral parts round portal highways - hepatocytes in a state of fatty dystrophy.
How are the changes of liver described higher named?
- Amyloidosis
+ Muscat liver (chronic venous plethora)
- Steatosis of liver
- Hepatocirrhosis
- False-muscat liver
?
A child had the disease begun with inflammation of small joints of brushes and feet, symmetry
of damage was noticed on both lower and upper limbs. Later deformations of joints began to
be noticed, thus deformation of small at first, and then large joints. What system disease of
connective tissue in this case is there the question about?
- Disease of Behterev
- Poliartritic form of rheumatism
- System red lupus
?
A patient for long time had been working on a mine as a pick-man where he obtained leaden
ore. With the symptoms of chronic cardio-vascular insufficiency the patient died. At autopsy
were fixed: moderate hypertrophy of myocardium, expansion of cavities. Myocardium was of
clay kind. At microscopic research: hydropic dystrophy of cardiomyocites, hearths of lysis of
cardiomiocytes and sclerosis. The disease of what etiology brought to death?
+ Cardiomyopatia at poisoning by salts of heavy metals
- Cardiomyopatia at alcoholism
- Cardiomyopatia at cirrhosises
- Cardiomyopatia at violations of the inherited exchange
- Cardiomyopatia at trichinosis
?
An elderly patient for long time has been suffering from hypertension disease died at the
symptoms of uremia. At autopsy discovered: hypertrophied heart and diffuse cardiosclerosis;
kidneys are little, dense, with a fine-grained surface, a capsule is taken off hardly.
Histologicallyly the collapse of arterioles of balls and their sclerosis were registers in kidneys.
Substituting for some balls by the homogeneous eosinophil substance not painted kongo-roth;
tubules are atrophied. How to name the changes of kidneys described higher?
- Amyloidal-wrinkled kidneys
- Secondary-wrinkled kidneys
+ Primary-wrinkled kidneys
?
The patient who died as a result of cardio-lung insufficiency had heart increased in sizes, the
side of right ventricle on a cut is incrassate, a cavity is extended. Define character of
pathological process.
- Atrophy
+ Hypertrophy
- Sclerosis
- Hyperplastic excrescences of inflammatory nature
- Metaplasia
?
The patient carried the repeated intramural heart attack of myocardium. After treatment and
rehabilitation discharged from hospital in satisfactory state under the supervision of district
internist perished in a motor-car catastrophe in 2 years. Set character of pathological process
in myocardium which was found out at autopsy.
- Necrosis
- Small-hearth cardiosclerosis
- Hyperplasia
+ Big-hearth cardiosclerosis
- Atrophy
?
The woman of 40 years has got the symmetric damages of knuckles, knee-joints as the sickly
slight swelling, turning red, deformation. The changes typical for a rheumatoid arthritis are
exposed in bioptate of synovium and round-joint tissue. Specify, which of the pathological
processes exposed in bioptate in future will stipulate development of fibrotic-bones ancylosis
and dislocations of joints.
- Rheumatoid knots
- Histiocytic infiltration
+ Origin of pannus
- Appearance of the so-called "rice little bodies"
- Proliferation of sinoviocytes
?
On the basis of immunological and histo-chemical researches of bioptate kidney of the woman
of 28 years diagnosed lupus glomerulonephritis. Name morphological test which this
pathology was diagnosed on the basis of.
- Presence of lymphatic follicles in strome of kidney
+ Presence of DNA-positive hematoxylin little bodies
- Presence of the sudan-positive including in intimae of vessels
- Plasmatization of strome
- Hyalinosis of balls of kidney
?
The 71 year old patient with atherosclerosis has got pain in a left foot. Didn’t visit the doctor.
In the moment of examination foot has increased in volume, tissues flabby, black, macerated.
A demarcation area is not expressed. Diagnose a pathological process:
- Dry gangrene
- Mummification
+ Moist gangrene
- Sequestrum
?
The patient having been used drugs for long has got fever, symptoms of intoxication, piuria, at
echocardioscopy massive stratifications are exposed on the valves of heart. From blood a
staphylococcus is sown. The patient died from thromboembolia of pulmonary artery. Specify
the changes the hearts exposed at a patient during autopsy.
- Polipose-ulcerous endocarditis
- Endocarditis of Libman-Sax
- Diffuse valvulite
?
At the heart of 45 years old man havind died from the sudden stop the symmetric type of
obesity of the III degree is found, break of side of right ventricle with a hemopericardium;
under an epicardium surplus lipopexias. Microscopically: fatty tissue from an epicardium
spreads in myocardium with atrophy of muscular fibres. What process is the most possible?
+ Obesity of heart
- Keen heart attack of myocardium
- Cardiomyoliposis
?
At autopsy of man of 70 years, having died from cardio-vascular insufficiency, who suffered
from stenocardia, hypercholesterinemia and obesity, the chronic venous plethora of organs,
hypertrophy of left ventricle of heart with small-hearth cardiosclerosis, volumes rather
yellow-whitish balls are found in intimae of aorta with fine-grained the masses in a center,
which deepen in the layer of side. What pathological process is the most possible in aorta?
- Liposclerosis
- Lipoidosis
+ Atheromatosis
- Calcinosis
- Arteriolosclerosis
?
At autopsy of the patient of 57 years who suffered from hypertension disease and died from
heart decompensation, increased heart is found with the extended cavities (mass of it 550 g,
thickness of side of left ventricle 2,5 cm), microscopically cardiomyocytes is considerably
increased in sizes, with fatty dystrophy and hyperchrome barell-like kernels. Which of the
transferred pathological processes is the most possible in heart?
- Concentric hypertrophy
- Cardiomiopatia
- Angiogenic cardiosclerosis
- Myocarditis
?
At microscopic research of myocardium of man having died from heart decompensation, the
sclerosis of perivascular connective tissue and diffuse infiltration of it by lymphocytes,
macrophages, plasmocytes and single neutrophils, are exposed. Which of the transferred types
of inflammation is the most possible?
+ Interstitial productive
- Alternative
- Exsudate diffuse
- Granulomatous
- Exsudate hearth
?
Patient D., 56 years, typesetter of printing-house, during great at was ill at hypertension
disease, oliguria, anuria developed, in blood is anaemia, urea is a 28,2 mmol/l, a creatinine is a
1,18 mmol/l. On autopsy of kidney considerably diminished (weight of both kidneys is 80 g),
surface fine-grained, on a cut the division on crust and cerebral layers is absent. In addition,
found out a fibropericarditis, fibrinose bronchopneumonia, fibrinose pleurisy. How is it
possible to name the changes in kidneys?
+ Primary wrinkled kidneys
- Amyloid-wrinkled kidneys
- Pielonephrytically-wrinkled kidneys
?
At a woman of 40 years, who was ill a rheumatic vice of heart (mitral stenosis) and died from
cardio-vascular insufficiency, at autopsy found out the signs of brown induration of lungs.
Specify the basic factor of its morphogeny.
- Enhanceable vascular permeability
- Alteration of vessels of lungs on a locking type
+ Venous plethora in the small circle of circulation of blood
- Diapedetic hemmorages
- Activating of proliferative activity of fibroblasts
?
The patient of 38 years entered reanimation department in the grave condition with
complaints about great, pressing pain behind breastbone, weakness. Accompanying persons
said that great pain had arisen up after the emotional loading. At examination pulse 110
b/min, weak filling and tension, blood pressure 80/40 mm of m.c. Skinning covers pale and
moist. During examination the patient lost consciousness, pulse and pressure did not concern.
In spite of reanimations measures, the patient, not coming in consciousness died. At
pathoanatomical research an intramural heart attack is exposed. It is not found out
pathologies of vessels. Name the most possible reason of heart attack of myocardium.
+ Keen coronarism
- Keen tamponade of heart
- Thrombosis of coronal vessels
- Violation of heart rhythm
- Spasm of coronal vessels
?
At microscopic research of atherosclerotic balls, a student paid attention to circumstance that
not all areas of ball are painted in a rose color. An area in which among collagens fibres was
present great number optically empty vacuoles came into his notice. At research of the frozen
cut the picture of the "Maltese cross” typical for this substance was visible in the polarized
light. Then he painted preparation by osmic acid and saw that this area is black-pigmented. It
allowed to define that in this area the question is about one of the following dystrophy:
- Amiloidosis
+ Lipidosis
- Vacuolar (hydropic) dystrophy
- Hyalinosis
- Parenchimatose fatty dystrophy
?
The patient suffering for long time from chronic bronchitis, had got chronic heart insufficiency.
At autopsy lungs are increased in sizes, cover front middle-side, don’t fall off, are cut with a
crunch. In the road clearance of bronchial tubes mucous-festering corks, the side of bronchial
tubes is incrassate. What changes in heart develop in this case?
- Acardiotrophia
?
Deadman of 33 years has myocardium of grey-brown color, necrosis of separate
cardiomyocytes, edema of strome, is microscopically exposed. The most probably such
myocarditis needs to be delivered to:
- Dyphteritic myocarditis
- Rheumatic parenchimatose myocarditis
- Rheumatic exsudate myocarditis
- Diphtherial alternative myocarditis
+ Fidler’s idiopatic myocarditis
?
At autopsy of man of 34 years who died from rheumatism with a diagnosis: pericarditis –
surface of epicardium is dropsical, sanguinous, covered by tape and bars of grey color, which
are easily taken off. The most possible credible diagnosis:
+ fibropericarditis
- catarrhal pericarditis
- hemorragic pericarditis
- festering pericarditis
- proliferative pericarditis
?
Microscopic research of coronal artery of man of 53 years exposed narrowing of road
clearance of vessel due to a fibrotic balls with the admixture of lipids. The most possible form
of atherosclerosis:
- Prelipid
- Atheromatosis
- Lipoidosis
+ Liposclerosis
- Ulcering
?
At autopsy of man of 64 years the changes typical for hypertension disease and atherosclerosis
are exposed. In right hemisphere cerebrum the cavity of (3x3cm), which is filled with a
transparent liquid, is found, the side of cavity has a fawn color. It is the most possible:
- heart attack
+ cyst
- abscess
- tumor
- hemorrhage
?
The patient died in the coma state at autopsy the thrombosis of left middle cerebral artery and
large hearth of grey, moist softening influence of tissues of left parencephalon were found.
What pathological process developed in a cerebrum?
+ Ischemic heart attack
- Sequestrum
- Abscess
- Moist gangrene
?
A patient after supercooling has got deformation, sickliness and narrow-mindedness of
motions, developed in knuckles hands and feet, small dense knots appeared next to joints. At a
biopsy the hearths of fibrinoid necrosis, surrounded by histiocytes, are found in knots. Your
diagnosis:
- Rheumatism
- Gout
- Deforming arthosis
- Dermatomiositis
?
At autopsy of man who died from the edema of lungs the large hearth of the softened
myocardium of yellow-grey color were found in heart, and in coronal artery there is fresh
blood clot. Specify a diagnosis:
+ Heart attack of myocardium
- Amiloidosis
- Cardiosclerosis
- Myocarditis
- Hyalinosis
?
A patient a lot of years had been suffering from rheumatic vice of heart with predominance of
stenosis of the atrioventicular openings. A hydroperitoneum is 10 litres. On a section cutting
edge of liver is dense, uneven, round-off, measures up belly-button. The surface of liver is
dense, wrinkled, on a cut parenchima of yellow, with an obvious muscat picture. Histologically:
the devastated focis of lobules are converted into bloody lakes, argirofil fibres, hepatocytes
peripheries of lobules in a state of fatty dystrophy, keenly expressed interlobular sclerosis,
become rough in it. What stage is this liver in?
- Fatty muscat liver
- Atrophic muscat liver
+ Cirrhotic muscat liver
- Sclerotic muscat liver
- Simple muscat liver
?
A patient who had been suffering from hypertension disease for 20 years died during
hypertension crisis. Specify the most possible possible reason of death.
- Plasmorrhagia
- Ischemic stroke
- Thrombosis of cerebral artery
- Atherosclerosis of cerebral artery
+ Hemorrhagic stroke
?
At histologically research of bioptate skeletal muscle of shin inflammatory infiltration of sides
of arterioles is exposed, placed segmentar and circular fibrinoid necrosis, proliferation of
cellular segments of external shell with transition in a sclerosis and formation of small areas of
bulges of sides of arterioles. Specify a credible pathological process.
- Granulomatosis of Vegener
+ Knot periarteritis
- Disease of Hortona
- Syphilitic vasculit
- Disease of Takajasu
?
During pathoanatomical autopsy of man of 52 years, who died because of heart attack of
myocardium, in kidneys exposed the following changes: on the capillary loops of balls of fibrin
deposit, epithelium of narrow segment of nephron high, cytoplasm light. A hepatin is exposed
in ephithelial cells. What pathology of kidneys is the most possible credible in this case?
- Primary the wrinkled kidney
- Amiloidosis of kidneys
- Keen kidney insufficiency
?
At histologically research of leaf of mitral valve of heart its edema, eosinophilia, damage of
endothelia, forming of the rose marbles presented by a fibrin on the locking edge were fixed.
What form of rheumatic endocarditis is observed?
- Near-side endocarditis
?
During autopsy the dense area of grey color, which histologically consists of the rough-fibrous
connective tissue surrounded by the hypertrophied muscular fibres, are exposed in heart. In
the cavity of pericardium there are separate joints which vessels are in. What changes arose
up in heart?
- Cohering pericarditis
- Ischemic stage of heart attack of myocardium
- Necrotizing stage of heart attack of myocardium
- Small-hearth diffuse cardiosclerosis
+ Heart post-attack big-hearth cardiosclerosis
?
At having died of 45 years from the sudden stop of heart the symmetric type of obesity of the
III degree is found, break of side of right ventricle with a hemopericardium; under an
epicardium surplus lipopexia. Microscopically is fatty tissue from an epicardium gets to
myocardium with atrophy of muscular fibres. Specify, which of the transferred pathological
processes is the most possible?
- Keen heart attack of myocardium
- Cardiomyoliposis
+ Obesity of heart
?
Patient with diphtheria, of 12 years, died from heart insufficiency. On autopsy exposed:
cavities of heart are extended, myocardium flabby, dim, pied on a cut with near-side blood
clots in ventricles. Microscopicaly there are cardiomiocytes with the signs of fatty dystrophy
and hearths of myolysis; in stroma is edema, hyperemia and round-cellular infiltration.
Specify, which of the transferred complications of diphtheria the most possible probably?
- Paralysis of diaphragmatic nerve
- Asphyxia
+ Toxic myocarditis
- Late heart failure
?
At autopsy of woman of 40 years, which suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, found out
increased dense spleen. On a cut its tissue of brown-red at colors with increased follicles
which have the appearance of semilucent greyish-whitish corns. Specify, what from the
transferred pathological processes is the most possible credible?
- glaze spleen
- greasy spleen
- hyalinosis of spleen
- porphyry spleen
+ Sago spleen
?
During autopsy of man of 65 years, who had been suffering from a rheumatic heart-disease for
many years and died from cardio-vascular insufficiency, exposed: heart of mass 900 g,
hypertrophy of left ventricle, polipose-ulcerous endocarditis of aortic and mitral valves with
petrification and deformation of the last one; hyperplasia of spleen, "old" heart attacks of
kidneys, lungs. Microscopically: widespread vasculitis, proliferative intersitial myocarditis,
nephritis, hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. Specify, which of the
transferred diagnoses is the most possible possible?
- keen warty endocarditis
- fibroplastic endocarditis
- disease of Chernogubov
- mitral-aortic heart-disease
+ secondary septic endocarditis
?
At microscopic research of myocardium of man having died from heart decompensation, the
sclerosis of perivascular connective tissue is exposed and diffuse infiltration by its
lymphocytes, macrophages, plasmocytes and separate neutrophils. Specify, which of the
transferred types of inflammation is the most possible?
- granulomatous
- alternative
- exsudate hearth
- exsudate diffuse
+ interstitial productive
?
At autopsy of dead man of 73 years, who suffered from ischaemic heart trouble with heart
insufficiency for long, it was found: macro- and microscopic signs of "muscat" liver, brown
induration of lungs, cyanotic induration of kidneys and spleen. Specify, which of the types of
violation of circulation of blood is the most possible?
- keen common venous plethora
- keen anaemia
- chronic anaemia
+ chronic common venous plethora
?
Man of 44 years, patient with the heart attack of myocardium, died from left-ventricle
insufficiency. At autopsy discovered: edema of lungs, small-drop hemorrhage in mucous
membranes and serosal ones. Microscopically: dystrophy and necrobiotic changes of
epithelium of proximal tubules of kidneys, in a liver are centrolobular hemorrhage and
hearths of necrosis. Specify, which of the types of violation of circulation of blood is the most
possible?
+ keen common venous plethora
- chronic anaemia
- keen anaemia
- chronic common venous plethora
?
At autopsy of a man 56 years with a clinical diagnosis ischemic heart trouble, atherosclerosis
of coronarias of heart, hypertension disease, on a cut myocardium in area of apex, front and
lateral sides of left ventricle has the well delimited from surrounding tissue area of yellow,
surrounded by the area of hemorrhages. About what pathological process is there the
question in a heart muscle?
- Brown acardiotrophia
- Cardiomyoliposis
- Proteinosis of myocardium
- Scray hypertrophy of myocardium
?
On histologically preparation of coronal artery of the sick heart lost because of ischemic
disease found out the local narrowing of road clearance of vessels, conditioned by
proliferation of cells and deposit of lipids in:
- To the outward shell
- External and middle
+ To the internal shell
- Middle
?
A patient with obvious ECG-signs of keen heart attack of myocardium dies suddenly.
Reanimations measures, including endoheart introduction of adrenaline, did not make good.
On autopsy 230 ml of liquid blood is discovered in the cavity of pericardium. Bleeding source:
- Wound of heart by a needle
- Break of side of right ventricle
- Break of epicardial veins
- Hemorragic pericarditis
+ Break of side of left ventricle
?
At a child the disease began with inflammation of small joints of brushes and feet, symmetry of
damage was thus noticed as lower limbs overhead so. Later deformations of joints began to be
noticed, thus deformation of small, and then large joints came at first. About what system
disease of connective tissue in this case is there the question?
- Polyarthritic form of rheumatism
- System red lupus
?
At autopsy of young man having died in a coma the vast thromboembolitic heart attack of left
parencephalon, and also large septic spleen, immune-complex glomerulonephritis, ulcers, in
the casements of mitral valve, covered by polypose blood clots with the colonies of
staphylococcuss, were exposed. What disease brought to cerebral thromboembolia?
- Septikopiemia
- Septicemai
- Keen rheumatic valvulite
+ Septic bacterial endocarditis
- Rheumatic thromboendocarditis
?
An old man carried the heart attack of right hemisphere of cerebrum. In a year, considering
absence of mobility in left limbs, computer tomography of brain, at which the cavity with
smooth sides, filled by a neurolymph, is found in a right hemisphere, is conducted. What
pathological process is discovered in a cerebrum?
- Haematoma
- Hydrocranium
- Grey softening influence of brain
- Heart attack of brain
+ Heart post-attack cyst
?
To the young person in connection with the heart attack of thin bowel its resection is quickly
executed. At pathoanatomical research in a mesentery the knots bulge of vessels, the fibrinoid
necrosis of arteries, surrounded immune-cellular infiltrates, is exposed in which, are found in
the side of bowel. What disease was complicated by the heart attack of bowel?
- rheumatism
+ knot periarteritis
- granulomatosis of Vegener
- atherosclerosis
- hypertension disease
?
A patient long time worked on a mine as a pick-man - where obtained leaden ore. With
symptoms of chronic cardio-vascular insufficiency the patient died. At autopsy: moderate
hypertrophy of myocardium, expansion of cavities. Myocardium of clay kind. At microscopic
research hydropic dystrophy of cardiomyocytes, hearths of lysis of cardiomyocytes and
sclerosis. The disease of what etiology caused the death?
+ Cardiomyopatia at poisoning by salts of heavy metals
- Cardiomyopatia at alcoholism
- Cardiomyopatia at trichinosis
- Cardiomyopatia at violations of the inherited exchange
- Cardiomyopatia at cirrhosis
?
Patient, of 72 years, during great at complained about a melosalgia, during walking, on the
type of remittent lameness. On examination: muscles are atrophied, limbs by touch cold,
pulsation of large vessels on limbs weak. Name possible reason of these changes.
- Radiculitis
- Dilebotrombosis
- Thrombophlebitis
+ Atherosclerosis
- Lymphotrombosis
?
Woman of 62 years, who had rheumatic vice of heart (mitral stenosis), died with symptoms of
increasing cardio-vascular insufficiency. Choose the morphological changes in lungs which
testify to the protracted flowing of disease.
+ Perivascular sclerosis and hemosiderosis
- Inalveolar edema
- Inalveolar hemorrhages
- Intersitial edema
- Hyperemia of vessels of microvasculature
?
At autopsy of man of 45 years, who died from the keen transmural heart attack of left ventricle
of heart, found out aneurysm hearts and dilatation blood clot. Which of the transferred factors
is the most possible substantial in development of the last complication at the indicated
localization of heart attack?
- Lipidemia
- Deceleration of circulation of blood
- Violation of circulation of blood
- Violation of reologic properties of blood
+ Damage of endotheliocytes of endocardium
?
Woman of 23 years, who had cardio-vascular form of rheumatism, died from making progress
cardio-vascular insufficiency. At histologically research of myocardium rheumatic myocarditis
is diagnosed. What morphological sign is the most possible specific for the rheumatic damage
of heart?
- Edema of interstitium
- Fibrinoid swelling and necrosis of strome
+ Granulosums of "Ashoff-Talalaev"
- Mucous swelling of strome
- Star perivascular sclerosis
?
The patient of 65 years complains about pain in area of heart, and also in the left arm.
Auscultatory frequency of heart-throbs was increased, a rhythm is broken, tones of heart are
muffled. Arteriotony - 170/100 Hg. Temperature of body 38 C. In the global analysis of blood is
leukocytosis, eosinopenia; acceleration of ESS. On an electrocardiogram a monophase curve is
exposed. At autopsy the big-hearth heart attack of myocardium of left ventricle is exposed. In
addition exposed: liquid state of blood in a heart and large vessels; thrombohemorrhagic
syndrome; redistribution of blood in the vessels of microvasculature; by-passing of blood
stream; rapid mobilization of hepatin from tissues depots; circulatory-hypoxial damage of
organs. The most possible pathology which cause such morphological changes is?
- Anafilactic shock
- Infectiously-toxic shock
+ Cardiogenic shock
- Hemorragic shock
- Shock because of DIS-syndrome
?
At a patient having died from heart insufficiency, pathohistologically is exposed presence in
connective tissue of myocardium of diffusely sparse knots, which consist of areas of fibrinoid
necrosis, which the giant cells of Ashoff, myocytes of Anichkov, cardial histiocytes are saved
round. Similar hearths are surrounded by lymphocytes and separate plasmatic cells. The
casements of mitral valve are deformed, incrassate, accrete on edges. Which of the transferred
granulosums takes place at this patient?
- Leprous
- Tubercular
- Aktinomicotic
- Syphilitic
+ Rheumatic
?
Patient of 25 years at the end of May was in migrant pain in small joints brush and knee-joints.
Objectively: on the back of nose and on the arcs of cheek-bones is erythema, on the mucous
membrane of cavity of mouth is stomatits , in lungs is pneumonitis, anasarca. ESS a
considerably speed-up, leucopenia with a lymphopenia. High title of antibodies to DNA, LE-
cells are revealed. On autopsy: kidneys are increased, pied, with the hearths of hemorrhages.
Pathohistologically is revealed hematoxylin bodies, capillary membranes of balls as ecraseurs,
hyaline blood clots and hearths of fibrinoid necrosis, in the vessels of spleen is "bulbous"
sclerosis. What the most possible diagnosis?
- System scleriasis
+ System red lupus
?
At autopsy: in the front side of left ventricle of heart are plural dim, yellow hearths with the
uneven outlines which appear from the surface of cut. The road clearance of front inter-
ventricles branch of left coronal artery is closed by crimson the masses which crumble and
heavily move away from the side of vessel. Name the consequence of thrombosis of branch of
coronal artery.
- Hearth sclerosis of myocardium
- Hemorragic heart attacks of myocardium
- Metabolic heart attacks of myocardium
+ Ischemic heart attacks of myocardium
- Hearth lipidosis of myocardium
?
A patient with a chronic pyelonephritis died from chronic kidney insufficiency. In the time of
life ausculty the symptom is noticed as "noise of friction of pericardium". At autopsy exposed,
that an epicardium is dim, rough, as if covered by a hair cover. What pericarditis in grain
inflammations takes place?
- putrid
- Dyphteritic
- festering
+ Croupous
- serosal
?
What is rheumatoid knot?
- Scar
- Arteriolesит and artheriitis
- Hearth of fibrinoid necrosis
+ hearth of mucous edema
- Cellular reaction
?
What joints more frequent than all are struck at a rheumatoid arthritis?
- Humeral
- Thurls
- Genicular
- Elbows joints
+ Small joints of hands and feet
?
Name pathomorphologic processes which underly rheumatism:
+ System making progress disorganization of connective tissue
- Damage of the peripheral nervous system
- Damage of bone tissue
- Damage of the blood-creating system
- Primary damage of muscle tissue
?
System red lupus belongs to the group:
- Psychical
+ Rheumatic diseasees
- Diseasees of the respiratory system
- Diseasees of the digestive system
- Disease endocrine
?
Pathogeny of rheumatic diseasees undery:
- Unimmune
- Primary dystrophy changes of myocardium
- Autoinfection processes
+ Immune-pathologic reactions
- Violations of the endocrine-immune system
?
During the emotionally strained work a young man died suddenly. At autopsy uneven blood-
filling of myocardium was exposed. Histochemically declined maintenances of hepatin and
destruction of mitochondrios. Electronic-microscopically - contracture of myofibrils. Specify
credible disorder of circulation of blood?
- Chronic ischemia
+ Keen ischemia
- Vacate arterial hyperemia
- Keen venous hyperemia
- angioneurotic arterial hyperemia
?
At the patient of 50 years during many years there was a rheumatic heart-disease. At
intensifying of disease hemiplegia developed and death came. Histologically the expressed
sclerosis is exposed in a mitral valve, hearths cellular infiltrates, fibrinose deposits. What form
of endocarditis the exposed changes are typical for?
+ Recurrently-warty
- Keen warty
- Diffuse
- Fibroplastic
- ulcerous-pilipose
?
At autopsy of having died patient of 43 years, suffering from IHD with development of heart
attack of myocardium, a pathologist found out the edema of lungs. What pathological changes
could stipulate the edema of lungs?
- Ischemia of small circle
+ Keen common anaemia
- Keen right-ventricle insufficiency
- Keen left-ventricle insufficiency
- Stase of blood
?
Patient of 59 years suffering from the transmural heart attack of myocardium of left
ventricle, died from the veritable break of heart - tamponade of heart. What process in the
area of heart attack could be instrumental in the break of heart?
- Forming of scar with thinning of side of left ventricle
- Substitution by connective tissue of area of heart attack (organization)
+ Autolytic processes by melting of tissue of myocardium (myomalacia)
?
At a patient carrying croupous pneumonia and having died with the symptoms of lungs-heart
insufficiency, a pathologist at autopsy noticed some bulge of casements of three-folding valve,
color them greyish-yellow slipshot for the lines of closing and presence of large, to 2 см in a
diameter, blood clots, that served by foundation to set:
+ Polypose-ulcerous endocarditis
- Keen warty endocarditis
?
Patient of 55 years during 12 years suffered from hypertension, at the beginning violation of
motion was noticed in right limbs, headache, and then right-side hemiplegia and patient
developed died. At autopsy found out the system hyalinosis of small arteries, thrombosis of
left middle cerebral artery, and in a left parietal-temporal region found out a hearth which is
named:
- Abscess of brain
- Hemorrhage
- Hemorragic heart attack
- Edema of brain
?
In the sputum of patient with a mitral heart-disease cells containing a brown pigent are
exposed. Reaction of Perls is positive. What this the pigment?
- Melanine
- Hematoidine
+ Hemosiderine
- Porfirine
- Bilirubine
?
Brown induration of lungs develops at:
- Hypertension in the small circle of circulation of blood
- Chronic insufficiency of right department of heart
+ Chronic insufficiency of left department of heart
- Chronic intermediate pneumonia
?
At autopsy heart is considerably increased in sizes, all chambers are stretched, thickness of
ventricles ordinary, myocardium flabby, on a cut contains separate white veins, valves without
pathology, endocardium, clean, coronal arteries are evenly narrowed. Your diagnosis?
- Myocarditis
+ Dilatation cardiomyopathia
- Myocardial dystrophy
- Heart disease rheumatic
?
In anamnesis at a patient of 62 years from little up chronic inflammatory diseases of lungs. A
sputum is scanty, white. A patient got in a hospital with the signs of pulmonary and heart
insufficiency and at growth to the last died. What changes in a heart were found on autopsy?
- Dilatation of both ventricles
- Hypertrophy and dilatation of left ventricle
+ Hypertrophy and dilatation of right ventricle
?
At autopsy woman who died with the symptoms of heart insufficiency, heart is increased in a
volume, flabby; myocardium is clay-yellow, dim; from the side of endocardium evidently
yellow-white striated (tiger heart). Microscopically: in the groups of cardiomiocytes the
transversal striations are absent the cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes contain small drops which
sudan-IV is dyed in a black. Your diagnosis?
- Cardiosclerosis
+ Cardiomyoliposis
- Myocarditis
- Obesity of heart
- Myomalacia
?
At a man of 62 years, who died with the increasing symptoms of heart insufficiency, on a cut is
heart increased in a volume is found. Heart of flabby consistency, chambers are stretched,
myocardium on a cut dim, clay-yellow. From the side of endocardium evidently yellow-white
striated which is especially shown in teated muscles. What pathological process is the most
possible?
- Myocarditis
- Obesity of heart
+ Cardiomyoliposis
- Myomalacia
- Cardiosclerosis
?
At a patient of 75 years violations of exchange of cholesterol are diagnosed and his esters. It is
necessary to consider the the most possible credible disease:
- rheumatism
- disease Gauche
+ atherosclerosis
- Neaman-Peak’s disease
- disease of Tej-Sax
?
At deadman of 55 years due to the typical macroscopic changes parenchymatos fatty
dystrophy of heart is diagnosed. Vivid name of heart in the conditions of parenchymatos fatty
dystrophy:
- bovine
- lung
- pilose
- armour
+ tiger
?
At a patient with rheumatism of 58 years old mitral valve is remote at prosthesis, a valve is
delivered in a pathohistologic laboratory. Except for a sclerosis and hyalinosis in some areas of
valve found out the mucous swelling. It is diagnosed on the symptome:
- Artus’s
+ metachromiasis
- anisokoria
- anisotropia
?
A man of 38 years old died suddenly; at autopsy in the back side of left ventricle of heart found
out the heart attack of myocardium. What changes in the structure of miocardiocytes is it
possible to see in the hearth of heart attack microscopically?
- Cornification
- Fatty dystrophy
- Carbohydrate dystrophy
- Uncalciuming
+ Cariolisis
?
At autopsy of patient of 65 years, who died from chronic heart insufficiency because of
rheumatic heart-disease lungs of brown color, increased in sizes, close-settled. How are such
changes named in lungs?
- cellular lungs
- muscat lungs
+ brown induration of lungs
- chronic emphysema
?
At a patient hypertension crisis developed by hypertension disease. Died from keen kidney
insufficiency. What the most possible credible morphological changes in arteriolesах of
kidney?
- Stenosing atherosclerosis
- Hyperelastosis
- Hyalinosis
- Sclerosis
?
At autopsy, deadman exposes the morphological displays of chronic right-ventricle heart
insufficiency, stenosis of the left atroiventicular opening, insufficiency of mitral valve.
Histologically in myocardium is hearth cardiosclerosis presence of flowering granulosums of
Ashoff-Talalaev. Which of the diagnoses transferred below is the most possible credible?
- Scleriasis
+ Rheumatism
- Dermatomiositis
- System red lupus
?
At a boy, patient with the periods of intensifying and becoming silent swelling and
deformation of joints was chronic tubercular bronchoadenitis. A skinning tuberculine test is
positive. In bioptate of synovium exposed edema and diffuse proliferation of lymphocytes and
macrophages. Specify the most possible credible syndrome.
- Rheumatism
+ Rheumatism of Ponse
- Non-specific poliarteriitis
?
At autopsy of the men of middle ages are exposed plural hemorrhage on a skin, in mucous
membranes serosal and, and also in conjuctive of eyes, bulge of nail phalanxes, icterus, hearths
of necrosis of fatty hypoderm, polipose-ulcerous endocarditis of aortic valve with the
perforation of one of casements, sclerosis and deformation of other. Histologically infiltration
by lymphosites, histiocytes and macrophages of strome of internalss, endo- and perivasculites
are noticed. Neutrofils in infiltrate are absent. Specify the the most possible disease.
- Rheumatism
- Atherosclerotic vice of aortic valve
- idiopatic myocarditis
+ Septic endocarditis
- Fibroplastic pariethal endocarditis
?
Operatively excised connective tissue of the deformed mitral valve at colouring by
hematocsiline-eosin gives the basofil reaction, and under influencing of toluidone of dark blue
is dyed in a rose color (metachromasia). What changes of connective tissue come to light by
such types of reactions?
+ Mucoid is the edema
- Edema of connective tissue
- Petrification of valves
- Hyalinosis of valves
- Fibrinoid necrosis of connective tissue
?
Main clinical-anatomic display of reaction of strome of myocardium on chronic hypoxia of
organ:
- Forming of non-specific granulosum
- Infiltration of strome by lipids
- Atrophy of strome
+ Excrescence of connective tissue (cardiosclerosis)
- Sliming of strome
?
At autopsy kidney are of 5,5x3,2x1,5 cm, diminished, dense, a capsule is taken off hardly,
surface uneven, fine-grained. On a cut: atrophy of parenchima, in crust substance, a picture is
effaced. Bloods vessels as thick, white tubes, don’t fall off. Histologically is hyalinosis and
sclerosis of small arteries, hyalinosis and sclerosis of more greater part of balls, diminishing of
amount of tubulis, excrescence of connective tissue in strome. Some of balls scray
hypertrophied, and tubulis are extended. Your diagnosis?
- Secondary wrinkled kidney
- amiloidosis of kidneys
+ Primary wrinkled kidney (arteriolesоsclerotic nephrosclerosis)
- Keen glomerulonephritis
?
A patient of 56 years entered clinic with the attack of stenocardia. On ECG of changes typical
for the heart attack of myocardium not exposed. In 15 minutes from the moment of beginning
of attack death came from fibrillation. At autopsy stenosing (to 90%) atherosclerosis of all
branches of coronal arteries, hypertrophy of myocardium, is exposed. What is the most
possible faithful pathoanatomical diagnosis?
- Keen hearth ischemic dystrophy of myocardium on a background atherosclerosis
+ Coronal oxymortia on a background hypertension disease
- Keen hearth ischemic dystrophy of myocardium on a background hypertension disease
- Coronal oxymortia on a background atherosclerosis
- Hypertrophy cardiomiopatia
?
Criterion being foundation for the selection of heart attack of myocardium of IHD in an
independent form:
- Etiologic
- Nosotropic
+ Social
- Morphological
- Organopathologic
?
A patient of 67 years during 20 years suffered from hypertension disease. Died from chronic
kidney insufficiency. What kind did have kidneys at the cut of dead body?
- Large pied
- Large red
- Large white
- Large with the plural thin-sideed cysts
+ Little, dense, surface fine-grained.
?
At autopsy of patient havind died from heart insufficiency, found out a increased heart of
mass 550 g, fibropericarditis, and also wrinkled, dense kidneys by mass for 50 g, with a fine-
grained surface and expressed hyalinosis of arterioles and balls. Name the basic disease.
- Atherosclerosis
+ Hypertension disease
- Rheumatism
- Pericarditis
- Cardiomiopatia
?
At autopsy of dead body of man of 39 years, which died suddenly, the areas of rather yellow
color, inclined to confluence, concerne in intimae of abdominal department of aorta, with
formation of flat long bars which do not overpeer above its surface. Histologically - in these
areas among smooth-muscular cells and macrophages cells are revealed with a foamy
cytoplasm. At colouring of sudan III their bright-yellow-red colouring is noticed. What stage of
atherosclerosis the described picture is the most possible typical for:
+ Lipoidosisа
- Liposclerosisа
- Atheromatosis
- Ulcers
- Atherocalcinosisа
?
Man of age of 75 years entered clinic with complaints about keen pains in an abdominal
region, weakness, threadlike pulse. During the operation exposed, that paraaortal cellulose by
imbibinated blood. In an abdominal department an aorta is bag-likely noticed, the side of it is
thinned. In the center of her a defect is revealed laciniate. What disease caused this
complication:
+ Atherosclerosis
- Cardiomiopathy
- System vasculit
?
At autopsy of dead body of man by age of 74 years, enhanceable feed, which died from the
keen heart attack of myocardium, exposed, that in intimae of coronal, kidney and femoral
arteries there is plenty of rather yellow, dense educations which shown out in a road
clearance
and keenly narrow him. Surface some from them anhistic, dirty color. In the road clearance of
left femoral artery of dry, crimson color, stratified, dim blood clot which is soldered with the
side of vessel and crumbles. What stage of atherosclerosis the destructive changes of some
name-plates answer:
- Elastofibrose
- Atheromatosis
- Elastosis
+ Ulcers
?
Patient of 33 years during a few years had system red lupuse with the damage of kidneys, skin
and cardio-vascular system. For clarification of diagnosis biopsy research of skin was
conducted and the typical changes are exposed. Choose the morphological display which
testifies to predominance of immune-complex reactions.
+ Necrozing vasculit
- Fibrinose vasculit
- Fibrinoid necrosis of sides of vessels
- Plasmatic impregnation of sides of vessels
- Rheumatoceils
?
The 55-years-old man died from a massive encephalorrhagia which arose up because of
hypertension disease. At autopsy the typical pathomorfologic signs of hyperpiesis are exposed.
Specify the the most possible reliable morphological sign of her:
+ Widespread arteriolesо-cappillary hyalinosis of internalss and cerebrum
- Widespread arteriosclerosis of internalss and cerebrum
- Hypertrophy of myocardium of left ventricle of heart
- Diffuse glomerulogialinose
- Plasmatic impregnation of microvasculature
?
At pathologycal-anatomic autopsy of a deadman bright signs of septicopyemias and polipose-
ulcerous endocarditis of aortic valve are exposed. It is known from anamnesis, that the septic
state at a patient lasts during 1,5-2 months. Specify the the most possible reliable
pathomorphologic sign of polipose-ulcerous endocarditis:
- Damage of aortic valve
- Plural trombotic impositions on casements
+ Colonies of bacteria in the near-side blood clots of casements of valves
- Deformation of valve
- Petrification of casements of valve
?
At a 23-years-old patient who died from making progress heart insufficiency the typical
displays of rheumatic damage of heart are diagnosed: endocarditis of mitral valve, myocarditis
and fibropericarditis. Choose the the most possible typical changes of myocardium, typical for
rheumatic myocarditis:
- There is diffuse lymph-macrophage infiltrate in the interstitium of myocardium of left
ventricle
- There is hearth lymph-macrophage infiltrate in the interstitium of myocardium of
left ventricle
- There is small-hearth and diffuse sclerosis in the interstitium of myocardium of left ventricle
- There is the mucous swelling in the interstitium of myocardium of left ventricle
+ In the interstitium of myocardium of left ventricle, mainly perivascular there are the small
accumulations of large hyperchrome macrophages
?
At a 27-years-old woman the aggregate of clinical and laboratory signs allows to suspect
rheumatic disease. Specify, what from the resulted positions is the most possible reliable for
diagnostics of rheumatic diseases:
- Chronic undulating flow
- Genetic inclination
- System damage of vessels
+ System making progress disorganization of connective tissue
- immune-pathologic reactions
?
Name one of the heaviest complications of heart attack of myocardium which developed at the
patient of IHD:
+ Keen aneurysm of heart
- Croupous-hearth cardiosclerosis
- Development of the repeated heart attack
- Formation of scar
- Atherosclerosis of coronarias
?
Ischemic heart (IHD) trouble is conditioned by insufficiency of coronal circulation of blood and
shows up:
- Dystrophy of miocardiocytes
+ By the heart attack of myocardium
- Hemorrhages in myocardium
- By the hypertrophy of myocardium
- By productive myocarditis
?
Which of the clinical-morphologic forms of hypertension disease makes its essence as the
basic disease?
- Cardial form
- Cerebral form
- Adrenal form
+ Kidney form
- Intestinal form
?
Death of patient came from cardio-vascular insufficiency. On autopsy a heart is considerably
increased in sizes, flabby, cavities are extended with trombotic impositions on an
endocardium, myocardium on a cut pied, valves not are changed. Name a pathological process:
- Rheumatic myocarditis
- Myocardiopathy
- Hypertrophy of myocardium at hypertension disease
+ Isolated idiopatic myocarditis
- Vices of mitral valve
?
Which of the forms of damage of myocardium at rheumatism is observed more frequent at
persons ripe of years?
- Diffuse intermediate exsudate myocarditis
- hearth productive exsudate myocarditis
+ knot productive (granulomatous) myocarditis
- Alternative myocarditis
- Eosinofil myocarditis
?
At autopsy of man of 60 years in myocardium of front side of left ventricle of heart the grey is
exposed wrong form dense hearth 5x4 cm with the clear scopes of fibred structure. What
pathological process did a pathologist expose in myocardium?
+ Heart post-attack myocardiosclerosis
- A diffuse small-hearth myocardiosclerosis is heart attack
- Inflammation of myocardium
- Petrification of myocardium
?
At histological research of bioptate from the top of heart at a patient rheumatism exposes the
hearths of the mucous swelling, fibrinoid necrosis of connective tissue. What immunoreaction
developed in tissues of ear of heart?
+ Hypersensitiveness of immediate type
- Hypersensitiveness of slow type
- Reaction of transplantation immunity
- Normorgic reaction
- Exsudate reaction
?
A patient of 62 years having carried the heart attack of myocardium, in 3 weeks died from
keen heart insufficiency. At autopsy a heart attack is exposed on the stage of organization and
fresh heart attack. The fresh heart attack of myocardium is named:
+ Recurrent
- Keen
- Repeated
- Chronic
- Subendocardial
?
A woman of 45 years died because of uremia at system red lupus. Formation of what
antibodies is the most possible probably in the mechanism of development
this disease?
+ To native DNA
- To the myocytes
- To the miosin
- To the endothelial cells
- Rhematoid factor
?
At twins being ill at essential hypertension, the changes of retractive properties of smooth
muscles of vessels are set, that bind to the defect of gene which answers after general for
them:
+ Transport of sodium and calcium in cellular membranes
- Egestion of sodium by a kidney
- Encoding of synthesis of angoitensinogene
- Sodium-potassium transfer in smooth muscles
- Violation of synthesis of adenosine
?
In pathoanatomical practice for early [to 6 h.] macroscopic diagnostics of keen myocardial
ischemia use dye the effect of which shows up only in muscle tissue with the unblasted
fermentative system. Name this dye?
+ Salts of tetrazole
- Toluidine is dark blue
- Iodines compositions
- 10% solution of sulphuric acid
- Congo red
?
Formation of "cells of heart vices" is the display of cytophysiologic activity of cells on a type:
+ Phagocytose
- Macropinocytose
- Micropinocytose
- Apoptosis
- Resorbtions
?
Name the the most possible early [1-2 hours] sign of heart attack of myocardium:
+ Disappearance of hepatin in cardiomyocytes
- Vacuolar dystrophy of cardiomiocytes of subendocardial area
- Fatty infiltration of cardiomiocytes
- Falling of activity of dehydrogenases
- Weakening of myofibrils
?
At the inspection of patient with the clinic of bilateral ectopia of lens of the eye of eyes there
was supposition about the presence of syndrome of Marfane. Specify, what from the exposed
changes can confirm this supposition?
+ All indicated changes
- Insufficiency of aortic valve and expansion of ascending department of aorta
- Prolapse of casements of mitral valve
- Dolichocephaly
- None of the indicated changes
?
Knot poliartheriitis is characterized by development of inflammation in the bloods vessels of
the following type:
+ Arteries of middle and small caliber
- To the aorta
- Large arteries
- Arteriolesах
- In all indicated
?
What exciter causes rheumatism?
+ Streptococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Gonococcus
- Pneumococus
- Clebciella
?
Name the type of heart attack on macroscopic signs which more frequent than all meet in
myocardium.
+ White with a hemorragic halo
- Hemorragic
- White
- Mixed
- Red
?
What variety of exsudate appears in a heart shirt at rheumatic pericarditis?
+ Serose-fibrinose
- Putrid
- Hemorragic
- Festering
- Catarrhal
?
On a cut lungs are dense, brown color due to the deposit of endogenous pigent. It is known
that in the time of life a patient had chronic venous stagnation in the small circle of circulation
of blood. What pathological process caused such picture?
+ Hemosiderosis
- Calcinosis
- Icterus
- Melanose
- Porphiria
?
At research of knee-joint was exposed, that a joint cartilage disappeared, arthral surfaces and
joint are deformed, injoint copulas are incrassate and loose, the amount of synovia is
considerably diminished, the signs of inflammation are absent. What disease is the question
about?
+ Osteoarthosis
- Arthritis
- Gonarthrocace
- Gout
?
At autopsy in the cervical stake of cerebrum found out the cavity of 2,5x1,5cm, filled with a
transparent liquid, side its smooth of brown color. What process developed in a cerebrum?
+ Cyst in place of hemorrhage
- Abscess of brain
- Teratosis brain
- Cyst in place of grey softening influence
?
At autopsy of a man havind died from a hemorrhage in a brain, found out the kidneys of
6x3x2cm keenly diminished in sizes, by weight 60.0, dense, anaemic with an evenly fine-
grained surface, on a cut with the evenly thinned crust layer. The changes in kidneys are the
display:
+ Arteriolesоsclerotic nephrosclerosis
- Time-wrinkled kidney
- Gouty kidney
- Amyloid-wrinkled kidney
?
At research of coronal arteries of heart found out atherosclerotic name-plates with calcinosis,
closing a road clearance on 1/3. In a muscle small plural whitish layers of connective tissue.
How is the process discovered in myocardium named?
+ Diffuse cardiosclerosis
- Tiger heart
- Heart post-attack cardiosclerosis
- Myocarditis
?
At autopsy found out the kidneys diminished in sizes, weight 50.0, surface them fine-grained, a
bark is evenly thinned. At microscopic research of side of arterioles considerably incrassate
because of deposit in them homogeneous anhistic rose color of the masses, a road clearance
them is keenly narrowed, balls are diminished, sclerosated, tubulis are athrophied. What
disease the described changes are typical for?
- Pyelonephritis with wrinkling of kidneys
- Keen necrotic nephrosis
?
At histological research of vermicular appendix, found out the expressed sclerosis of its side,
sides of arteries of middle and small caliber of sclerosated with the hearths of the mucous
swelling, moderate proliferation of endothelia, round vessels lympogystiocyted infiltration.
About what disease is it possible to think in this case?
+ Knot periarteritis of vessels of appendix
- Appendicism
- Keen phlegmonous appendicitis
- Keen catarrhal appendicitis
?
At autopsy of deadman of 78 years, an extraperitoneal cellulose is saturated with blood, in the
abdominal department of aorta found out the bag-like thrusting out, in which a defect
concernes with an uneven edge, side of aorta placed stony closeness. Complication of what
disease developed at a patient?
+ Atherosclerosis
- System vasculitа
- Visceral syphilis
- Diseasees of Marfane
?
At autopsy of woman of 27 years, havind died from chronic kidney insufficiency discovers
plural scars and heart attacks in a spleen, kidneys. At microscopic research the changes are
discovered in the arteries of middle and small caliber, which were characterized by the
sclerosis of sides, moderate proliferation of endothelia and expressed lymphogistocyted
infiltration around. What disease did a patient suffer from?
+ From a knot periarteritis
- From atherosclerosis
- From hypertension disease
- From disease of Marfane
- From visceral syphilis
?
At autopsy of woman of 23 years, havind died with the symptoms of kidney insufficiency,
found on the skin of person out a "red butterfly", on a mitral valve small to 0.2 cm reddish-rose
warty impositions, in kidneys hearths of fibrinoid necrosis in balls, bulge of basale membranes
of capillaries of balls as "ecraseurs", hematoksiline bodies, cariorecsis. What disease
developed at a patient?
+ System red lupus
- Rheumatism
- System scleriasis
?
At electronic-microscopic research of bioptate myocardium of patient at the age of 65 years on
ischemic heart trouble exposes the structural damages of external cytoplasmatic membrane.
The morphological displays of this damage are which?
+ Formation of pseudomieline structures
- Increase of number and size of mytochondries
- Diminishing of number of lysosomes
- Forming of cisterns and bubbles
- Compression of cytoplasmatic matrice
?
A man at the age of 45 years during 10 years complained about pain in the back, diminishing of
valuable motions in a spine. The patient died from making progress kidney insufficiency. At
autopsy research the amiloidosis of kidneys is exposed, in the joints of spine is acampsia,
destruction of arthral bone, pannus, sclerosis of synovium with diffuse chronic inflammation.
- Ancilosing spondylarthritis
- Osteoarthosis of spine
- Osteoporosis of spine
- Paratireoid osteodystrophy
?
At a man of 72 years, who died from the heart attack of myocardium, on autopsy it is found out
the increases and deformation of right knee-joint. At histologically research of tissues of joint
and adjoining areas found: massive hearths of caseosine necrosis and plural epithelyod-
cellular granulosums, in soft tissues round a joint are signs of exsudate inflammation.
Diagnose the described process.
+ Tubercular arthritis
- Syphilitic arthritis
- Gonorrhoeal arthritis
- Deforming osteoarthosis
?
During histologically research of casements of mitral valve of heart of girl of 14 years it was
fixed that endothelial cells hearth desqumirated, in these areas on-the-spot leaf small
trombotic stratifications are located, connective tissue of leaf moderato-deorganisated with
the areas of sclerosis and angiomatosis. Diagnose the type of valvular endocarditis.
+ Reccurency-warty
- Diffuse
- Keen warty
- Fibroplastic
- Polipose-ulcerous
?
A woman of 54 years had considerable deformation of knuckles hands and feet. Histologically:
near-joint connective tissue is the mucous swelling, areas of fibrinoid necrosis, accumulation
of macrophages, areas of sclerosis; in a synovium are oedematous fibres, with the signs of the
mucous and fibrinoid swelling, in a synovial cavity meet single "rice bodies". Diagnose the
diseases.
- Rheumatism
- Hematogenic tuberculosis
- Gout
?
To the woman at the age of 45 years, who complains about a making progress muscular
weakness, the biopsy of soft tissues of shin is done. It is found at histologically research of
bioptate: small-hearth petrification of derma and skeletal muscles, diminishing of amount of
hepatin and decline of transversal striped in a muscular fibre, some fibres necrosised, strome
by infiltrated lymphocytes, macrophages and plasmatic cells. Diagnose the disease.
+ Dermatomyositis
- System scleriasis
- System red lupus
- Rheumatism
?
A woman of 28 years died with the symptoms of heart insufficiency, it was set during research
of heart: macroscopically are the casements of mitral valve are close-settled, incrassate and
moderato deformed; microscopically are bunches of collogens fibrilles homogenized, eosinofil,
a metachromasia and components of immune complexes is not revealed, surrounds their
insignificant macrophage infiltrate. Diagnose the type of damage of connective tissue.
+ Fibrinoid swelling
- Mucous swelling
- Hyalinosis
- Amiloidosis
- Sclerosis
?
Name the form of regeneration of heart muscle at the heart attack of myocardium and specify
its source.
+ reparative, fibroblasts
- Physiological, cardiomiocytes
- Incellular, cardiomiocytes
- Cellular, fibroblasts
- Pathological, fibroblasts and cardiomiocytes
?
At histologically research the change of diameter of muscular fibre (small and giant) is
exposed in skeletal muscles, kernels take place by a chainlet, them much, there are circinate
fibres which contain myofibrils, oriented on a circle, in opposition of longitudinally oriented in
a norm. At colouring they get a blue color hematocsiline-eosin. Takes place degeneration,
necrosis and phagocytose of muscular fibres. For what disease is typical the exposed
morphological changes?
+ Myotonic dystrophy
- Muscular dystrophy of Dushen
- Muscular dystrophy of Backer
- Poliomyositis
- Making progress myopathy
?
At histologically research of bioptate sceletal muscles of patient with suspicion on a
collagenoses the dystrophy changes are exposed: absence of transversal striated, a lot of
necrosised muscular fibres, deposit of small corns limes in the hearths of necrosis. Specify the
the most possible disease.
+ Poliomiositis
- Dermatomiositis
- System scleriasis
- Miotonic dystrophy
- Muscular dystrophy of Backer
?
At examination of body of woman on autopsy, found out deformation of lower limbs spine and
ribs. Bones are easily knifed, have plural tumors educations on a cut, pied kind with single
cysts. Histologically: hearths of lacunar dissolving, new formation of fibrotic tissue, giant-
cellular granulosum, accumulation of red corpuscles and hemosiderine, and also brushes.
What from the transferred diagnoses is the most possible possible?
+ Disease of Reklinghauzen
- Rachitis
- Myelomatosis
- Metastases of tumor
- Gout
?
At autopsy of new-born child who died on the first week of life from heart insufficiency, the
increases of heart are exposed with the presence of hypertrophy of muscular fibre mainly left
ventricle. Endocardium of left ventricle, and also mitral and aortic valves are considerably
incrassate, yellow. Which of transferred diagnoses the most possible possible?
+ Fibroelastose endocardium.
- Diffuse endocarditis.
- Fibroplastic endocarditis.
- Hypertrophy of myocardium.
- Cardiomiopatia.
?
A five-year boy during 2 years suffered from a making progress muscle weakness at the
beginning of region of pelvic belt, thighs and shins, after humeral belt and trunk, and died
from pneumonia. At autopsy volume of muscles increased due to vacate excrescence of fatty
cellulose and connective tissue. Microscopically among massive growth of fatty and
connective tissue are single atrophy muscular fibres with the hearths of their necrosis and
phagocytose. What from the transferred diagnoses is the most possible possible?
+ Muscular dystrophy of Dushen
- Muscular dystrophy of Erb
- Muscular dystrophy of Leyden
- Miastenia
- Lateral amyotrophyc sclerosis
?
At a patient protractedly suffering by rheumatism, found out stenosis of the mitral opening,
death came from pneumocardial insufficiency. At autopsy found out brown induration of
lungs. Name at what type of violation of circulation of blood the similar changes are in lungs.
+ Chronic left-ventricle insufficiency
- Chronic right-ventricle insufficiency
- Portal hypertension
?
A patient, with stenosis of mitral valve 4 degrees, died from pneumocardial insufficiency. At
autopsy found out the hemosiderosis of lungs. Name the type of violation of circulation of
blood in lungs.
+ Local venous plethora
- Common venous plethora
- Arterial hyperemia
- Vacant hyperemia
- Hemorrhage
?
A patient protractedly suffered from a rheumatic endocarditis and vice of mitral valve. At the
next intensifying death came from an ischemic stroke. Name the form of rheumatic
endocarditis of causing this complication.
+ Recurrently-warty
- Diffuse valvulite
- Keen warty
- Fibroplastic
- Near-side
?
A patient, with a rheumatoid arthritis, long time got corticosteroids, their reception halted
suddenly, through not many days before he died. On autopsy found out adrenal glands
diminished in a size with a thin grey bark. Name reasons of death of patient.
+ Adrenal glands’ insufficiency
- Heart insufficiency
- Kidney insufficiency
- Hepatic insufficiency
?
To the patient on the basis of clinical-laboratory researches diagnosed: rheumatism,
recurrently-warty endocarditis. Name typical complication arising up at this pathology.
+ Tromboembolic syndrome
- Trombohemorrhagic syndrome
- Aneurysm of heart
- Kidney insufficiency
?
A patient with stagnant heart insufficiency died from violation of rhythm of heart. On a section
exposed: heart of spherical form, with mass 900 g., cavities are extended, in cavities near-side
blood clots, coronal arteries not are changed. Your hypothetical diagnosis.
+ Dilatation cardiomiopatia
- Aneurysm of heart
- Myocarditis
- Chronic ischemic heart trouble
- Pulmonary heart
?
The patient at 8 o’clock in the morning had got pains behind a breastbone, at 9 o’clock in
recepting department accordint to data of ECG was found heart attack of miocardium. In 10
minutes the patient died. What most possible morphologic feature of heart attack of
myocardium will be found at gistological research after autopsy of dead body?
+ Dissapearing of glycogen in cardiomiocytes
- Vacuole dystrophy of cardiomiosytes of sucardial zone
- Reducing of activity of dehydrogenases in fibroblasts
- Relaxing of myofibrils of casrdiomiocytes
?
75 years-old patient, having been suffering from atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels long, at
autopsy in right part of cerebrum was found the hearth of wrong shape, sluggish
concentration, of grey color. What is the most possible reason of development of this process?
+ Thrombosis of right middle cerebrum artery
- Thrombosis of right front cerebrum artery
- Thrombosis of right back cerebrum artery
- Thrombosis of basilar artery
- Thrombosis of vessel of soft cerebrum shell
?
At autopsy of a child having died from heart insuffiency there were found: extension of cavities
of heart ventricles. Microscipically in strome of myocardium were found plethora, edema,
diffuse infiltrates from gystiocytes, lymphocytes, neutrofils, eosinofils. What is the most
possible diagnosis?
+ Diffuse-intermediate ecsudative myocarditis
- Hearth inretmediate ecsudative myocarditis
- Knot productive myocarditis
- Intermediate knot myocarditis
?
At autopsy of deadman, having suffering from hypertonic disease in the substance of cerebrum
an “rusty bone” was found. What was before appearance of cyst?
+ Haematoma
- Diapedes hemorrhages
- Ishemic heart attack
- Plasmorages
- Abscess
?
A patient died from making progress heart insufficiency. At autopsy: a heart is extended in a
diameter, flabby; muscle on the cut of uneven blood filling, pied; at histologically research in
myocardium plethora, in strome far mainly small uninuclear cells drawing apart
cardiomiocytes. The exposed morphological changes testify to:
+ unfestering intermediate myocarditis
- venous plethora
- cardiomyoliposis
- Cardiosclerosisе
?
At short-time ischemia of myocardis (to 10 minutes) circulating violations of
cardiomiocytes as the result of the ion disbalance in them appear. Name the changes which
are not observed in this case in cardiomiocytes.
+ Accumulation of potassium ions
- Loss of potassium ions
- Increase of sodium iones
- Increase of potassium iones
- Violations of incellelar sharing of sodium and potassium ions
?
At patient K., of 45 years, had a piece of ulcerous defect of shank cut off for biopsy. Clinical
diagnosis: trophycal ulcer of shank. Pathologist according to the results of
detected morphological process of ulcer edges made the diagnosis: gum covered with ulcers.
Find, because of results of what named pathological processes in the edges of ulcerous
defect did pathologist made this diagnosis?
+ Lympho-plasmatic infiltrate, productive vasculites
- Diffuse festering inflammation necrosis
- Serose festering inflammation, non-specific granulous tissue
- Serose inflammation, edema, venous plethora, microthrombs
- Fibrose festering inflammation, necrosis
?
The patient having suffered from chronic alcoholism died because of thromboembolia of
vessels of cerebrum. On cut heart is increased mainly because of hypertrophy of left ventricle;
flaccid myocardium like glay. In the cavity of heart – thromb. Coronar arteries are intact. Name
pathology of heart.
+ cardiomiopathy
- cardiosclerosis
- heart attack of myocardium
- endocarditis
- pericarditis
?
During microscopic research of aortha was found: hearth infiltration of indimae by lipids,
proteins. Lipids fill in intimae and accumulate in muscular cells and macrophages. Name the
stage of atherosclerosis.
+ Lipoidosis
- Liposclerosis
- Atheromatosis
- Atherocalcinosis
- Prelipid stage
?
The 37-years-old woman has been suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for long. Gradually she
has got ancilosis of knee joint and progressing violation of small joints of lower limbs was
observed.
+ Presence of panus
- Presence of “rice bodies”
- Hemorrhages into synovial shell
- Denominated sclerosis in synovial cavity
- Great amount of serose ecsudate in synovial cavity
?
During histological research of bioptate from damaged area of skin it was found: not very
denominated atrophy of epidermis, in derma – gialinose of collagen fibres, small perivascular
lymphocytes infiltrates, in skeletal muscles – denominated interstitial edema, loss of
transverse striping, small-hearth necrosises with petrification. Diagnose found disease.
+ Dermatomiositis
- Sclerodermia
- System red lupus
- Knot peritoriitis
- Rheumatism
?
At autopsy of 8-yers-old boy having suffered from dyphtery of pharynx and tonsils and died
during the second week from disease beginning, there were detected changes in myocardium
as small-hearth necrosises and edema of strome. Diagnose the type of myocardit.
+ Alternative
- Septic
- Granulomatose
- Interstitial
- Hearth intermediate ecsudate
?
What reflex acts considerable part in development of pulmonary hypertension at mitral vices?
+ Kitaev
- Eyler-Lilyestrand
- Rusnyak-Petrovskyi
- Frank-Starling
- Ashner-Daninja
?
At autopsy of patient A. of 76 years protractedly smoking, who conducted the unmove way of
life, had an ovenweight on intimae of aorta found out grey-yellow spots and bars, fibrotic
name-plates ulcerous areas with hemorrhages, areas with calcinosis. On what disease does
specify these changes?
+ Atherosclerosis
- System red lupus
- Visceral syphilis
- Cardiomiopatia
?
At autopsy of man, in the time of life suffering to chronic ischemic heart trouble, on intimae of
aorta and coronarias found out plural atherosclerotic name-plates in the stage of
atherocalcinosis. Such changes of atherosclerotic name-plate underlaids:
+ Dystrophy uncalciuming
- Metabolic uncalciuming
- Metastatic uncalciuming
- Hyalinosis
- Sclerosis
?
At histological research of man havind died heart from keen heart insufficiency the area of
numbness, delimited from uncrippled tissue by the area of sanguineous vessels, is exposed in
myocardium of left ventricle, small hemorrhage and leukocyte infiltration. What diagnosis is
the most possible?
- Ischemic dystrophy of myocardium
- Hearth exsudate myocarditis
- Diffuse exsudate myocarditis
- Productive myocarditis
?
At histologically research of bioptate from the staggered area of skin exposed: insignificantly
the expressed atrophy of epidermis, in derma hyalinosis of collogens fibres, scanty
perivascular lymphatic infiltrates, in subject skeletal muscles is the expressed intersitial
edema, loss of transversal excisions, small-hearth necrosises, with petrification. Diagnose the
exposed disease.
+ Dermatomiositis
- Scleriasis
- System red lupus
- Rheumatism
?
At a patient, who died from complications of hypertension disease on autopsy little, dense
kidneys are exposed with fine-grained surface, parenchima and crust substance of
athrophiedе. Give the name to such kidneys.
+ Primary wrinkled kidneys
- Pielonephritis-wrinkled kidneys
?
During microscopic research of aorta exposed: hearth infiltration of intimae by lipids, proteins.
Lipids impregnates with to intimae and accumulate in the myocytes of middle layer and
macrophages. Set the stage of atherosclerosis.
+ Lipoidosis
- Liposclerosis
- Atheromatosis
- Atherocalcinosis
- Prelipid stage
?
At autopsy man of 47 years havind died suddenly, in intimae of abdominal department of aorta
the areas of yellow are found as spots and bars which do not overpeer above a surface intimae.
At painting of sudan III there is the orange colouring. What stage of atherosclerosis such
changes are typical for?
+ Lipoidosisа
- Liposclerosisа
- Atheromatosis
- Stage of formation of atheromatose ulcer
?
At autopsy of woman of 69 years, enhanceable feed, havind died from the keen heart attack of
myocardium, in intimae of coronal arteries found numerous white, dense, jutting out into a
road clearance and formings keenly narrowing him. For what stage of atherosclerosis typical
such changes?
+ Liposclerosisа
- Lipoidosisа
- Atheromatosis
- Stage of formation of atheromatose ulcer
?
At a man of 58 years, havind died at the increasing symptoms of chronic heart insufficiency,
rheumatic granulomatous myocarditis is diagnosed. Microscopically there are granulosums in
myocardium, that consist of macrophages with hyperchrome kernels and light cytoplasm, in a
center hearth of necrosis. What character carries necrosis in the middle of granulosum?
+ Fibrinoid
- Cencerov
- Caseose
- Colicvation
- Fatty
?
A patient died from making progress heart insufficiency. On autopsy: a heart is extended in a
diameter, flabby; muscle on the cut of uneven blood filling, pied; at histologically research in
myocardium plethora, strome diffusely infiltrated mainly by lymphosites and histiocytes. The
morphological changes are exposed testify to:
+ Not festering intermediate myocarditis
- Festering intermediate myocarditis
- Granulomatous myocarditis
- Cardiosclerosisе
?
At autopsy of deadman, who suffered from hypertension disease, a cavity sides of which has
the ferruginous colouring is exposed in the substance of cerebrum. What preceded to the
origin of these changes?
+ Haematoma
- Diapedetic hemorrhage
- Plasmorrages
- Abscess
?
At autopsy of child havind died from heart insufficiency, exposed: expansion of cavity of
ventricles of heart. Microscopically in strome of myocardium a plethora, edema, distribution of
infiltrateа, is from histiocytes, lymphocytes, neutrofils, eosinofils. What the most possible
diagnosis?
+ Diffuse intermediate exsudate myocarditis
- Hearth intermediate exsudate myocarditis
- Knot productive myocarditis
- Intermediate productive myocarditis
?
At a man of 60 years, who long time was ill hypertension disease and died from chronic kidney
insufficiency, at autopsy exposed, that both kidneys are considerably diminished in sizes,
surface them finely-grainy;
histologically is most balls of gialinisised, part of sclerosised, separate hyperplasia in strome of
the field of sclerosis, arteriolesо- and arteriosclerosis, elastofibrosis large branches of kidney
to the artery. What the most possible reliable diagnosis?
- Second time the wrinkled kidney
?
At a patient at 8 o'clock of morning pains appeared after a breastbone, at 9 o'clock of morning
in the induction centre from data of ECG the heart attack of myocardium is set. In 10 minutes a
patient died. What is the most possible morphological sign of heart attack of myocardium will
find at histologically research after autopsy?
+ Disappearance of hepatin in cardiomiocytes
- Vacuolar dystrophy of cardiomiocytes of subendocardial area
- Necrosis of miocardiocytes
- Weakening of myofibrils cardiomiocytes
?
At autopsy discovered: on the outward surface of aortic valve large (1-2 см) brown-red, easily
crumbling impositions covering ulcerous defects. About what disease is it possible to think?
+ Polipose-ulcerous endocarditis
?
In the time of life at a patient the keen heart attack of myocardium was diagnosed on ECG to
the signs. On autopsy in the cavity of pericardium discovered: 200 ml of liquid blood and 400 g
of packages, in the back side of left ventricle through defect of long 2 см. What complication of
heart attack of myocardium developed?
+ Break of myocardium with tamponade
- Armour heart
- Exsudate pericarditis
- Idiopatic myocarditis
?
At a woman of 47 years, interphalanx and fingers joints are easily exposed to dislocation with
the typical rejection of fingers as the "flippers of walrus". At microscopic research found out
excrescence of fibres of synovium, destruction of cartilage, forming of pannuse. What disease
is the question about?
- Osteoarthosis
- System red lupus
?
At a patient protractedly suffering from rheumatism, discovered stenocosis of mitral opening,
death came from pneumocardial insufficiency. On autopsy found out brown induration of
lungs. Name what type of violation of circulation of blood are the similar changes at in lungs?
+ Chronic left-ventricle insufficiency
- Chronic right-ventricle insufficiency
- Portal hypertension
?
At autopsy of man of 62 years, who had atherosclerosis and died from keen heart insufficiency,
in front side of left ventricle of heart the dense area of yellow is exposed measuring 6-5 см,
wrong form, expressly delimited from surrounding tissues by a hemorragic line. This was:
- Myocarditis
- Big-hearth cardiosclerosis
?
At autopsy of woman of 48 years, which died suddenly, the areas of rather yellow color, which
do not rise above its surface, concerne in intimae of aorta. At histologically research of these
areas cells are revealed with a foamy cytoplasm, and at painting of sudan III yellow. For what
stage of atherosclerosis typical such changes in an aorta?
+ Lipoidosisа
- Liposclerosisа
- Atheromatosis
- Ulcers
?
During histologically research of casements of mitral valve of heart of woman of 30 years it
was set that endothelial cells hearth desqumirated, in these areas on-the-spot casements small
trombotic stratifications are located, connective tissue of leaf with the symptoms of the
mucous swelling, areas of sclerosis and vascularisation. Diagnose the type of valvular damage.
+ Recurrently-warty
- Diffuse
- Keen warty
- Fibroplastic
- Polipose-ulcerous
?
A woman of 54 years had the expressed deformation of knuckles hands and feet.
Histologically: periarticular connective tissue is the mucous swelling, areas of fibrinoid
necrosis, accumulations of macrophages, area of sclerosis; in a synovium are oedematous
fibres, with the signs of the mucous and fibrinoid swelling, there are single "rice little bodies in
a synovial cavity". Diagnose the disease.
- Rheumatism
- Gout
?
At autopsy of woman of 23 years, havind died with the symptoms of kidney insufficiency,
found on the skin of person out a "red butterfly", on a mitral valve small to 0.2 см reddish-rose
warty impositions, in kidneys hearths of fibrinoid necrosis in balls, bulge of basale membranes
of capillaries of balls as "ecraseurs", hematoksiline bodies, cariorecsis. What disease was at a
patient?
+ System red lupus
- Rheumatism
- System scleriasis
?
At autopsy of woman of 27 years, havind died from chronic kidney insufficiency discovers
plural scars and heart attacks in a spleen, kidneys. At microscopic research the changes are
discovered in the arteries of middle and small caliber, which were characterized by the
sclerosis of sides, moderate proliferation of endothelia and expressed lymphogistocyted
infiltration around. What disease causes these changes?
+ By a knot periarteritis
- By atherosclerosis
- By hypertension disease
- By Disease of Morfan
- By visceral syphilis
?
At autopsy of deadman of 78 years, an extraperitoneal cellulose is saturated with blood, in the
abdominal department of aorta found out the bag-like thrusting out, in which a defect
concernes with an uneven edge, side of aorta placed stony closeness. Complication of what
disease developed at a patient?
+ Atherosclerosis
- System vasculitа
- Visceral syphilis
- Diseasees of Morfan
?
Man of 63 years, who during 15 years suffered from chronic diffuse obstructive emphysema of
lungs, died from making progress heart insufficiency. On autopsy a muscat hepatocirrhosis,
cyanotic induration of kidneys and spleen, hydroperitoneum, edemata of lower limbs, is
exposed. For what as heart insufficiency typical these changes in internalss?
+ Chronic right-ventricle insufficiency
- Chronic left-ventricle insufficiency
- General heart insufficiency
?
At autopsy found out the kidneys diminished in sizes, weight 50.0, surface them fine-grained, a
bark is evenly thinned. At microscopic research of sides of arterioles considerably incrassate
because of deposit in them homogeneous anhistic rose color of the masses, a road clearance
them is keenly narrowed, balls are diminished, sclerosated, tubulis of athrophied. What
disease the described changes are typical for?
- Pyelonephritis with wrinkling of kidneys
- Keen necrotic nephrosis
?
At research of coronal arteries of heart found out atherosclerotic name-plates with calcinosis,
closing a road clearance on 1/3. In a muscle small plural whitish layers of connective tissue.
How is the process discovered in myocardium named?
+ Diffuse cardiosclerosis
- Tiger heart
- Myocarditis
?
At autopsy, of man havind died from a hemorrhage in a brain, found out the kidneys of
6x3x2ocm keenly diminished in sizes, by weight 60.0, dense, anaemic with an evenly fine-
grained surface, on a cut with the evenly thinned crust layer. The changes in kidneys are the
display:
- Time-wrinkled kidney
- Gouty kidney
- Amyloid-wrinkled kidney
?
At autopsy of man of 60 years in myocardium of front sides left ventricle of heart exposed grey
wrong form dense hearth 5 x 4 см. with the clear scopes of fibred structure. What diagnosis is
the most possible?
+ Heart post-attack myocardiosclerosis
- Diffuse small-hearth myocardiosclerosis
- Heart attack
- Myocarditis
- Cardiomiopatia
?
At a child of 7 years on the skin of unbending surfaces of elbows and knee joints the dense,
painless knots of size appeared 1-2 mm. In bioptate of knots is large hearth of fibrinoid
necrosis of connective tissue with lymphosites and macrophages for peripheries. What disease
are such changes at?
+ Rheumatism
- Scleriasis
- System red lupus
?
At autopsy of man of 70 years, havind died from cardio-vascular insufficiency, what suffered
on a stenocardia, hypercholesterinemia and obesity, the chronic venous plethora of organs,
hypertrophy of left ventricle of heart with small-hearth cardiosclerosisом, by volumes rather
yellow-white name-plates, is found in intimae of aorta with fine-grained the masses in a
center, which deepen in the layer of sides. What pathological process took place?
+ Atheromatosis
- Lipoidosis
- Liposclerosis
- Arteriolosclerosis
- Calcinosis
?
At autopsy of woman of 40 years, havind died from uremia, it is found: pied kidneys are
increased, in kidneys is bulge of capillary membranes of balls as "ecraseurs", hearths of
fibrinoid necrosis of their sides and "gialine" blood clots in a road clearance, in kernels -
"hematoksiline bodies"; in a heart is endocarditis of Libman-Sax. What damage of kidneys is
the most possible reliable?
+ Lupus nephrite
- Rheumatic glomerulonephritis
- Choleraic glomerulonephritis
- Sclerotic kidney
- Terminal glomerulonephritis
?
At histologically research of sides of aorta plenty of ksantome cells which are located mainly in
intimae is exposed. What disease such picture is possible for?
+ Atherosclerosis
- Disease of blood pressure high
- Syphilitic mesaortitis
- Non-specific аортоartheriitis
- Nodose periarteritis
?
Man of 44 years suffering by the heart attack of myocardium, died from left-ventricle
insufficiency. At autopsy discovered: edema of lungs, small-hearth hemorrhage in mucous
membranes serosal and. Microscopically: dystrophic and necrobiotic changes of epithelium of
procsimal tubulis of kidneys, in a liver are centrolobular hemorrhage and hearths of necrosis.
What from the types of violation of circulation of blood the most possible reliable?
+ Keen common venous plethora
- Chronic common venous plethora
- Keen anaemia
- Chronic anaemia
?
At autopsy of man of 73 years, who long suffered by ischemic heart trouble with heart
insufficiency, found: "muscat" liver, brown induration of lungs, cyanotic induration of kidneys
and spleen. Specify, what from the types of violation of circulation of blood the most possible
reliable?
+ Chronic general-venous plethora
- Keen general venous plethora
- Keen anaemia
- Chronic anaemia
?
At a patient after supercooling deformation of joints, pain and narrow-mindedness of motions,
appeared in the fingers of limbs; near little dense knots appeared with joints. At a biopsy the
hearths of fibrinoid necrosis, surrounded by histiocytes, are found in knots. Your diagnosis:
- Dermatomiositis
- Rheumatism
- Gout
- Deforming arthosis
?
At autopsy of patient of 57 years, who suffered from hypertension disease and died from heart
decompensation, a increased heart is found with the extended cavity (mass his 550 g layer of
sides left ventricle of 2,5mm). Microscopically cardiomiocytes is considerably increased in
sizes, with fatty dystrophy and hyperchromic kernels. Which of the transferred pathological
processes the most possible reliable in a heart?
- Myocarditis
- Concentric hypertrophy
- Angiogenic cardiosclerosis
- Cardiomiopatia
?
At a patient who long time used drugs - fever, symptoms of intoxication, on echocardioscopy
massive impositions are exposed on the valves of heart. From blood a staphylococcus is sown.
A patient died from thromboembolia of pulmonary artery. Specify the exposed changes in a
heart?
- Endocarditis of Libman-Sax
- Diffuse valvulite
?
At a patient of 71 years with atherosclerosis, pain appeared in a left foot. To the doctor did not
speak. At the moment of examination, foot is increased in a volume, tissues flabby, black,
macerated. A demarcation area not is expressed. Diagnose a pathological process?
+ Moist gangrene
- Mummification
- Dry gangrene
- Sequestrum
?
A patient carried the repeated intramural heart attack of myocardium. After treatment and
rehabilitation written in the satisfactory state under the supervision of district internist. In 2
years perished in a motor-car catastrophe. Will you set character of pathological process in
myocardium?
+ Big-hearth cardiosclerosis
- Atrophy
- Necrosis
- Hyperplasia
?
Patient, of 75 years, during 15 years suffers from bronchial asthma, ischemic heart trouble
increase of arteriotony, during the last 2 years. The hypertrophy of left ventricle is set. Its
reason is which?
+ Hyperpiesis
- Chronic ischemia of heart muscle
- Bronchial asthma
?
At autopsy of patient of 61, suffering by a rheumatoid arthritis, discovered increased in size of
kidney, very dense, rather yellow-white, with waxy brilliance, with the areas of cicatrical to
the dimpleson surface. At colouring of Konto-companies the deposit of homogeneous rose the
masses is discovered in the capillary loops of balls, in the sides of arterioles, arteries, in the
basale membrane of tubulis and in strome. Development of what process complicated a
rheumatoid arthritis?
+ Second amyloidosis of kidneys
- Post-infection glomerulonephritis
- Fast-progressing glomerulonephritis
- Keen necrotizing nephrosis
?
At the man of 40 years havind died from a odontogenic sepsis on autopsy was found keen
bulge of half-moon valves of aorta, they were whitish, opaque, unmove, on upper fascial
destruction and thrombotic impositions by a size were disposed 1x1.5 cm What form of
endocarditis is the question about?
?
Patient of 24 years from little up suffers from rheumatism, clinically diagnosed mitral
stenocosis. Last years frequent cases of cardio-vascular insufficiency, almost permanent cough
with a ferruginous sputum. Name the possible changes in lungs in this patient.
- Pneumosclerosis
- Bronchoectases
?
At a patient of 60 years, many years suffering of atherosclerosis and carrying before heart
attack of myocardium, the attack of behind-breastbone pains developed. A patient is
hospitalized in 3 days, on a background making progress cordially to vascular insufficiency
died. At autopsy in area of back sides left ventricle and inter-ventricles partition found out the
area of white color about 3 см in a diameter, fibres impaired , with a clear border. A dissector
considered these changes as:
+ Hearth cardiosclerosis
- Myocardial ischemia
- Myocarditis
- Dystrophy of myocardium
?
A patient of 27 years suffers from a rheumatic vice of heart. To clinic entered with complaints
about the shortness of breath, edemata up and about, hydroperitoneum, increase of liver.
Death came from chronic heart insufficiency. At autopsy diagnosed mitral stenocosis. Which of
the factors of morphogeny is the most possible credible?
+ Union of casements between itself
- Sclerosis and bulge of casements
- Sclerosis and shortening of casements
- Shortening of tendon filaments
- Presence of small blood clots on-the-spot valve
?
At a man of 70 years, suffering from atherosclerosis, at autopsy found in the under-crust
region of left parencephalon out the area of wrong form by sizes 6x5 cm, flabby, anhistic, grey
color with the planned cavity in a center. What end of process do the changes testify to?
+ Aseptic dissolving
- Organization
- Septic disintegration
- Encapsulation
- Petrification
?
At a woman of 50 years, the protracted attack of behind-breastbone pains developed by
suffering hypertension disease, on ECG the heart attack of myocardium is diagnosed. A patient
died. On autopsy a doctor noticed flabby concistonection uneven blood-filling of myocardium,
and histologically and hystochemically found out disappearance of granules of hepatin, decline
of activity of oxidizing-restorations enzymes. What stage of heart attack of myocardium is the
question about?
+ Ischemic stage
- Necrotizing stage
- Organization of heart attack
- Repeated heart attack
- Keen recidiving heart attack
?
At autopsy of the man of 62 years found out the under-valve aortoclasia with tamponade of
heart. At histologically research of ascending department of aorta in outward and middle
shells - infiltrates from lymphoid, plasmatic, epithelioid cells, hearths of necrosis in a middle
shell, adventitial and endothelial cells vessels of outward shell proliferation. The changes in an
aorta are typical for:
+ Syphilitic aortit
- Septic aortit
- Rheumatic aortit
- Atherosclerosis
?
A patient with the keen transmural heart attack of myocardium of left ventricle died from the
break of heart and tamponade. What process in the area of heart attack could be
instrumental in the break?
+ Autolitic processes with melting of tissue of myocardium (myomalacia)
- Substitution by connective tissue with the decline of elasticity of myocardium
- Forming of scar with thinning of sides left ventricle of heart
- Thinning of scar-changed sides stomach with forming of aneurysm
?
At a patient who carried the heart attack of myocardium, after the physical loading the signs of
insufficiency of circulation of blood are noticed: cyanosys and edema of hypoderm of lower
limbs. What morphological changes develop in place of heart attack of myocardium at a man
which got better?
+ Cardiosclerosis
- Incellular regeneration
- Mitotical new formation of cardiomiocytes
- Myocarditis
- Acardiotrophia
?
At histologically research of top of heart at a patient on stenocosis of mitral valve the
granulosums of Ashoffа-Talalaev are exposed. What genesis of heart-disease do histologically
researches testify to?
+ Rheumatic
- Atherosclerotic
- Syphilitic
- Borning
- Septic
?
At a patient with hypertension disease multi-hour hypertension crisis is diagnosed. What
pathomorfologic changes in stenococcus of arterioles arise up during crisis of blood pressure
high?
- Hyalinosis
- Sclerosis
- Amiloidosis
- Calcinosis
?
At autopsy of patient having died with atherosclerosis of vessels of cerebrum the thrombosis
of branch of internal carotid and grey color is exposed hearth of moist softening influence of
tissue. What pathological process is exposed in a cerebrum?
- Hemorragic infiltration
- Haematoma
- Encephalitis
- Tumor of brain
?
At a man of 62 years, who died at the increasing symptoms of heart insufficiency, on autopsy a
heart increased in a volume is found. Heart of flabby of concistenoction, chambers are
stretched, myocardium on a cut dim, clay-yellow. From the side of endocardium the yellow-
white striated is visible which is especially shown in teated muscles. What pathological
process is the most possible credible?
+ Cardiomyoliposis
- Obesity of heart
- Dilatation cardiomiopatia
- Myomalacia
- Cardiosclerosis
?
At autopsy of woman who died with the symptoms of heart insufficiency, a heart is increased
in a volume, flabby; myocardium is clay-yellow, dim; from the side of endocardium visible
yellow-white striated (tiger heart). Microscopically: the transversal striated is absent in the
groups of cardiomiocytes, the cytoplasm of cardiomiocytes contains small drops which is
painted in a black. Your diagnosis?
+ Cardiomyoliposis
- Cardiosclerosis
- Rheumatic myocarditis
- Obesity of heart
- Myomalacia
?
At autopsy of deadman of 48 years obturation of road clearance of middle cerebral artery is
exposed by a blood clot. In the parieto - temporal region of left hemisphere of cerebrum is
hearth of pappy concistenoction grey color. More reliable than all this:
+ Heart attack
- Sequestrum
- Gangrene
- Caseose necrosis
- Fibrinoid necrosis
?
Persons of 38 years died suddenly, at autopsy in back side of left ventricle of heart the heart
attack of myocardium is found. What the most possible changes in the structure of
miocardiocytes is it possible to see in the hearth of heart attack microscopically?
+ Cariolisis
- Fatty dystrophy
- Uncalciuming
- Proteinosis
?
A patient of 55 years during 12 years suffers from hypertension, keen violation of cerebral
circulation of blood developed clinically, at the beginning violation of motion was noticed in
right limbs, head pain, and then right-side hemiplegia and patient developed died. On autopsy
found out the system hyalinosis of small arteries, thrombosis of left middle cerebral artery,
and in a left parietal-temporal region found out a hearth, what is named:
- Hemorrhage
- Abscess of brain
- Edema of brain
?
At autopsy of patient of 43 years, suffering from IHD with development of heart attack of
myocardium, a pathologist found out the edema of lungs. What pathological changes could
stipulate the edema of lungs?
+ Keen left-ventricle insufficiency
- Keen common anaemia
- Ischemia of small circle
- Stase of blood
?
Patient of 59 years, suffering from the transmural heart attack of myocardium of left ventricle,
died from the veritable break of heart are tamponade of heart. What process in the area of
heart attack could be instrumental in the break of heart?
+ Autolitic processes by melting of tissue of myocardium (myomalacia)
- Substitution by connective tissue of area of heart attack (organization)
- Forming of scar with thinning of sides left ventricle
?
A patient of 50 years during many years suffered from a rheumatic vice of heart. At
intensifying of disease hemiplegia developed and death came. Histologically the expressed
sclerosis is exposed in a mitral valve, hearths cellular infiltrates, fibrinose imposition. For
what form of endocarditis typical the changes are exposed?
+ Revocable-warty
- Keen warty
- Diffuse
- Fibroplastic
- Ulcerous-pilipose
?
At a patient havind died from heart insufficiency, at pathomorphologic research exposed: the
casements of mitral valve are deformed, incrassate, accrete on edges; in connective tissue of
myocardium -- knots, which consist of areas of fibrinoid necrosis, which macrophages which
remind giant multi-nucleus cells is saved round, are diffusely sparse. Similar hearths
surrounded by lymphosites and single plasmatic cells. What from the transferred granulosums
takes place at this patient?
+ Rheumatic
- Tubercular
- Actinomicotic
- Syphilitic
- Lepra
?
At autopsy of patient of 25 years, who died from uremia: kidneys are increased, pied, with the
hearths of hemorrhages. Pathogistologically is revealed hematoksiline bodies, capillary
membranes of balls as ecraseurs, gialine blood clots and hearths of fibrinoid necrosis, in the
vessels of spleen is "bulbous" sclerosis. What the most possible diagnosis?
+ System red lupus
- System scleriasis
?
At man havind died from chronic cardio-vascular insufficiency on autopsy a "tiger heart is
exposed". From the side of endocardium noticeable rather yellow-white striated, myocardium
dim, clay-yellow. What process stipulated this pathology?
+ Fatty parenchymatose dystrophy
- Gialin-tiny dystrophy
- Fatty Vessel-strome dystrophy
- Amiloidosis
?
A patient died with the symptoms of cardio-vascular insufficiency. Results of autopsy: heart
post-attack cardiosclerosis hypertrophy of myocardium and dilatation of his cavities,
especially right ventricle. A liver is increased, with a smooth surface, on a cut sanguineous,
with crimson points on the brown background of tissue. Histologically: plethora of central
departments of lobules; in peripheral departments round portal highways - hepatocytes in a
state of fatty dystrophy. How are the changes of liver described higher named?
+ Muscat liver (chronic venous plethora)
- False-muscat liver
- Amiloidosis
- Hepatocirrhosis
- Steatosis livers
?
At a child 7 years on the skin of unbending surfaces of elbows and knee joints dense, painless
knots appeared measuring 1-2 ii. In bioptate of knots is large hearth of fibrinoid necrosis of
connective tissue with lymphosites and macrophages for peripheries. What disease are such
knots at?
+ Rheumatism
- Scleriasis
- System red lupus
?
An elderly patient long time suffering from hypertension disease died with the symptoms of
uremia. At autopsy discovered: kidneys are little, dense, with a fine-grained surface, a capsule
is taken off hardly. Histologically the collapse of arterioles of balls and their sclerosis registers
in kidneys. Substituted for some balls by the homogeneous eosinofil substance not painted
kongo-roth; tubulis of atrophied. Properly to name the changes of kidneys described higher?
+ Primary-wrinkled kidneys
- Pielonephritic-wrinkled kidneys
- Diabetic nephrosclerosis
?
At autopsy of man of 56 years with a clinical diagnosis ischemic heart trouble, atherosclerosis
of coronarias of heart, hypertension disease, on a cut myocardium in area of apex, front and
lateral sides of left ventricle has the well delimited from surrounding tissue area of yellow,
surrounded by the area of hemorrhages. What pathological process is the question about?
- Myocarditis
- Cardiomyoliposis
?
At microscopic research of myocardium of man havind died from heart decompensation, the
sclerosis of perivascular connective tissue and diffuse infiltration by its lymphosites,
macrophages, plasmocytes and single neutrofils, is exposed. Specify, what from the transferred
types of inflammation is the most possible credible?
+ Interstitial productive
- Granulomatous
- Alternative
- Ecsudative is diffuse
- Exsudate hearth
?
During autopsy in myocardium it is macroscopically found out the big-hearth dense area of
grey color which histologically consists of rough-fibre connective tissue, surrounded by the
hypertrophied muscular fibres. What changes arose up in a heart?
+ Heart post-attack big-hearth cardiosclerosis
- Ischemic stage of heart attack of myocardium
- Necrotizing stage of heart attack of myocardium
- Small-hearth diffuse cardiosclerosis
- Myocarditis
?
At histologically research in the casements of mitral valve of heart exposed: mucoid edema,
damage of endothelia, education on the edge of fibrin blood clots. What is the form of
rheumatic endocarditis?
- Polipose-ulcerous endocarditis
?
At autopsy of man havind died from the edema of lungs the large hearth of yellow-grey color is
found in myocardium, and a fresh blood clot is found in a coronal artery. Specify a diagnosis:
- Cardiosclerosis
- Myocarditis
- Amiloidosis
- Cardiomiopatia
?
At man havind died at autopsy the thrombosis of left middle cerebral artery and large hearth
of grey softening tissues of left parencephalon is found. What pathological process of
developed in a cerebrum?
- Abscess
- Moist gangrene
- Sequestrum
?
Microscopic researches of coronal artery at man of 53 years exposed narrowing of road
clearance of vessel due to a fibrinose balls from by adding of lipids. Most reliable form of
atherosclerosis:
+ Liposclerosis
- Lipoidosis
- Prelipid
- Atheromatosis
- Ulcering
?
At autopsy of 34 years-old man havind died from rheumatism is surface of epicardium fleecy,
covered by tapes of grey color, which become separated from easily. The oedematous
sanguineous surface of epicardium concernes after their department. Most reliable diagnosis:
+ Fibropericarditis
- Festering pericarditis
- Proliferative pericarditis
- Catarrhal pericarditis
?
In anamnesis at a patient of 62 years from little up chronic inflammatory diseasees of lungs. A
sputum is scanty, white. A patient got in a hospital with the signs of pulmonary and heart
insufficiency and at growth to the last died. What changes in a heart were found on autopsy?
+ Hypertrophy and dilatation right ventricle
- Dilatation both ventricles
?
A senior carried the heart attack of right hemisphere of cerebrum. After a year at a patient
absence of motions continued to remain in left limbs. Computer tomography of brain, at which
the cavity with smooth sides, filled by a neurolymph, is found in a right hemisphere, was
conducted. What pathological process is found in head to the brain?
+ Heart post-attack cyst
- Hydrocranium
- Heart attack of brain
- Haematoma
?
At autopsy of dead body of man of 39 years, which died suddenly, the areas of rather yellow
color, which do not overpeer above its surface, concerne in intimae of abdominal department
of aorta. Histologically - in these areas among smooth-muscular cells and macrophages cells
are revealed with a foamy cytoplasm. At colouring of sudan III their bright-yellow colouring is
noticed. What stage of atherosclerosis such changes are typical for?
+ Lipoidosisа
- Liposclerosisа
- Atheromatosis
- Ulcers
?
At a woman, of 86 years, who suffered from atherosclerosis of vessels of cerebrum, on autopsy
atrophy of cortex is exposed. How is this atrophy named depending on reason of origin?
+ From insufficient blood-providing
- From pressure
- From the action of physical and chemical factors
- Neurotic
- Disfunctional
?
Patient of 67 years during 20 years suffered from hypertension disease. Died from chronic
kidney insufficiency. What kind did have kidneys at autopsy?
+ Little, dense, surface fine-grained
- Large pied
- Large red
- Large white
- Large with plural thin-side cysts
?
At autopsy of man exposes the morphological displays of stenosis of the left atroiventicular
opening, insufficiency of mitral valve. Histologically in myocardium is hearth cardiosclerosis
presence of flowering granulosums of Ashoff-Talalaev. Which of the diagnoses transferred
below the most possible credible?
+ Rheumatism
- Scleriasis
- Dermatomiositis
- System red lupus
?
At autopsy of girl of 19 years the warty endocarditis of all valves is found. Hearth hemorrhage
under an endocardium. Stomacace. Ulcers of gullet. Pneumonia. Nephrite. Hyperplasia of
spleen with a perivascular sclerosis. Vasculit and necrosis in the area of visual hillock the
Numerous furuncles. What more credible disease?
+ System red lupus
- Rheumatism
?
At a patient of 58 years at autopsy the large hearth of the softened grey substance of gruel-like
concistenoction, pale-grey color is found in right temporal part of cerebrum. In the arteries of
foundation of brain numerous white-yellow bulges intimae which keenly narrow a road
clearance. Your diagnosis?
+ Ischemic stroke
- Abscess of brain
- Hemorrhage
- Edema of brain
?
At autopsy of man, who in the time of life had atherosclerosis, the thrombosis of branch of
internal carotid is exposed and in a cerebrum is hearth of moist softening influence of tissue of
grey color. What pathological process is diagnosed in a cerebrum?
- Encephalitis.
- Hemorragic infiltration.
- Haematoma.
+ Ischemic heart attack.
- Tumor of brain.
?
At autopsy of woman, of 69 years, with excessive mass of body, who died from the keen heart
attack of myocardium, in intimae of coronal arteries found out numerous whitish dense
educations which bulge in a road clearance and keenly narrow him. What stage of
atherosclerosis such are typical for changes?
- Stages of formation of atheromatose ulcer.
- Lipoidosisа.
- Atheromatosis.
- Atherocalcinosisа.
+ Liposclerosisа.
?
At histologically research of side of aorta plenty of the ksantome cells located mainly in
intimae is exposed. What disease such picture is typical for?
- Syphilitic mesaortitis.
- Hypertension disease.
+ Atherosclerosis.
- Non-specific аортоartheriitis.
- Nodose periarteritis.
?
At a patient with hypertension disease multi-hour hypertension crisis is diagnosed. Name the
pathomorfologic changes in the sides of arterioles during hypertension crisis.
+ Fibrinoid necrosis.
- Hyalinosis.
- Sclerosis.
- Amiloidosis.
- Calcinosis.
?
At a man, of 60 years, which long time was ill hypertension disease and died from chronic
kidney insufficiency, on autopsy exposed, that both kidneys are considerably diminished in
sizes, surface them fine-grained; histologically is most balls of gialinizided, part of sclerosised,
separate hyperplased; in strome are the fields of sclerosis, arteriolesо- and arteriosclerosis,
elastofibrosis large branches of kidney arteries. Give the name to these changes
- Time-wrinkled kidney.
- Atherosclerotic nephrosclerosis.
- Chronic glomerulonephritis.
- Chronic pyelonephritis.
+ Arteriolesоsclerotic nephrosclerosis.
?
Patient, of 67 years, during 20 years suffered with hypertension disease. Died from chronic
kidney insufficiency. What kind did have kidneys on autopsy?
- Large white.
- Large pied.
- Large red.
+ Little, dense, surface fine-grained.
- Large, with the plural thin-sideed cysts.
?
At man having died from complications of hypertension disease on autopsy little, dense
kidneys are exposed with a fine-grained surface, parenchima and crust substance of
athrophied. Give the name to such kidneys:
- Amyloid-wrinkled.
+ Primary-wrinkled.
- Time-wrinkled.
- Pielonephtic-wrinkled.
- Thinned.
?
At autopsy of man having died from the edema of lungs the large hearth of yellow-grey color is
exposed in myocardium, and in a coronal artery is fresh blood clot. Specify a diagnosis.
- Myocarditis.
- Cardiosclerosis.
+ Heart attack of myocardium.
- Amiloidosis.
- Cardiomiopatia.
?
At a patient, carrying a heart attack of myocardium, after the physical loading the signs of
insufficiency of circulation of blood are noticed: cyanosys and edema of fatty hypoderm of
lower limbs. What morphological changes develop in place of heart attack of myocardium after
convalescence?
+ Cardiosclerosis.
- Incellular regeneration.
- Mitotical new formation of cardiomiocytes.
- Myocarditis.
- Acardiotrophia.
?
At man, of 58 years, at autopsy the large hearth of the softened grey substance of pappy
consistency of pale-grey color is found in the right temporal stake of cerebrum. In the arteries
of foundation of brain are numerous whitish-yellow bulges intimae which keenly narrow a
road clearance. What is your diagnosis?
- Abscess of brain.
+ Ischemic stroke.
- Hemorrhage.
- Hemorragic heart attack.
- Edema of brain.
?
At autopsy of man were found morphological displays of stenosis of the left atroiventicular
opening, insufficiency of mitral valve. Histologically in myocardium is hearth cardiosclerosis
presence of flowering granulosums of Ashoff - Talalaev. What from the diagnoses transferred
below is the most possible credible?
- System red lupus.
- Scleriasis.
- Dermatomiositis.
- Knot periarteritis.
+ Rheumatism.
?
At histologically research of leaf of mitral valve of heart the mucous swelling, damage of
endothelia, education is exposed on the locking edge of fibrin blood clots. What form of
rheumatic endocarditis is observed?
+ Keen warty.
- Diffuse.
- Fibroplastic.
- Recurrently-warty.
- Polipose-ulcerous.
?
At man havind died from heart insufficiency at pathomorphologic research exposed: the
casements of mitral valve are deformed, incrassate, with accreted by edges; knots, consisting
of areas of fibrinoid necrosis, which macrophagocytes reminding giant multi-nucleus cells is
saved round, are diffusely sparse in connective tissue of myocardium. Similar hearths are
surrounded by lymphosites and single plasmatic cells. What granulosum was exposed?
- Actino-micotic.
- Tubercular.
+ Rheumatic.
- Syphilitic.
- Leprous.
?
At autopsy of child havind died from heart insufficiency, expansions of cavities of ventricles of
heart are exposed. Microscopically in strome of myocardium plethora, edema, diffuse
infiltrates from histiocytes, lymphocytes, neutrofils, eosinophils . What the most possible
diagnosis?
- Hearth intermediate exsudate myocarditis.
+ Diffuse intermediate exsudate myocarditis.
- Knot productive myocarditis.
- Intermediate productive myocarditis.
- Alternative myocarditis.
?
At autopsy of 25-years-old man havind died from uremia: kidneys are increased, pied, with the
hearths of hemorrhages. Pathogistologically - hematoksiline bodies, capillary membranes of
balls as ecraseurs, gialine blood clots and hearths of fibrinoid necrosis, in the vessels of spleen
is bulbous sclerosis. What the most possible credible diagnosis?
- Knot periarteritis.
- System scleriasis.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Rheumatic arthritis.
+ System red lupus.
?
At autopsy of woman, of 40 years, havind died from uremia: kidneys are increased, pied, with
the incrassate capillary membranes of balls as ecraseurs, hearths of fibrinoid necrosis of their
sides and gialine blood clots in road clearances, in kernels - hematoksiline bodies; in a heart is
endocarditis of Libman -Sax. What damage of kidneys is the most possible?
- Sclerotic kidney.
- Choleraic glomerulonephritis.
+ Lupus nephrite.
?
At autopsy of man, of 19 years, the warty endocarditis of all valves is exposed, hearths
subendocardial hemorrhage, and also ulcerous stomatite and esofagit, pneumonia, nephrite,
hyperplasia of spleen with a perivascular sclerosis, vasculit and necrosis in the area of visual
hillock, numerous furuncles. What disease is the most possible credible?
- Septic endocarditis.
- Rheumatism.
+ System red lupus.
- Ischemic heart trouble.
- Hypertension disease.
?
At a patient deformation of joints, sickliness and limitation of mobility of fingers, developed
after supercooling; little dense knots appeared round joints. At a biopsy the hearths of
fibrinoid necrosis, surrounded by histiocytes, are exposed in knots. What Your diagnosis?
+ Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Dermatomiositis.
- Rheumatism.
- Gout.
- Deforming arthosis.
?
At a patient with chronic heart insufficiency the increase of viscidity of blood is exposed, at
cappillaryskopy found out the damage of sides of vessels of microvasculature. What from
violations of peripheral circulation of blood are possible in this case?
- Embolism
- Thrombosis
+ Sladge-symptome
- Venous hyperemia
?
At autopsy of woman of 40 years, havind died from uremia, discovered: increased pied
kidneys, in kidneys are bulges of capillary membranes of balls as "ecraseurs", hearths of
fibrinoid necrosis of their sides and "gialine" blood clots in road clearances, in kernels -
"hematocsiline bodies"; in a heart is endocarditis of Libman-Sax. What damage of kidneys the
most possible probably?
- Sclerotic kidney
+ Lupus nephrite
- Choleraic glomerulonephritis
?
At a boy of 14 years the making progress weakness of muscles of breast and humeral belt is
exposed. During the inspection pays on itself attention: incomplete closing of eyelids, smooth
forehead thick lips. It is not found out the changes from the side of the peripheral nervous
system and spinal cord. To name disease:
- Progressive muscular dystrophy of Dushen
+ Progressive muscular dystrophy of Erb
- Progressive muscular dystrophy of Leyden
- Miastenia
- Thymoma
?
After 60 years elasticity of vessels:
- It is increased on 20 %
- It is increased on 10 %
+ Diminishes on 30 %
- Does not change
- Diminishes insignificantly
?
Autopsy of body of young man who died from a pulmonary infection, exposed the
pathomorfologic changes in the muscles of pectoral and humeral belt, "myopathic person"
[smooth forehead, insufficient closing of eyes, thick lips], atrophy of muscles of the back, pelvic
belt. The autosome-dominant type of inheritance of these changes is well-proven. About what
diagnosis is there the question?
+ Muscular dystrophy of Erb [youth form]
- Muscular dystrophy of Dushen [early form]
- Muscular dystrophy of Backer [early form]
- Muscular dystrophy of Leyden
- Miotonic dystrophy
?
On necropsy of a child a primary intestinal tubercular complex is exposed:
primary affect-ulcer of jejunum, lymphangitis and regional caseous
lymphadenitis. Death came from the perforation of ulcer and development of the
generalized peritonitis. Name the way of infection of child by tuberculosis.
- Transplacental.
+ Alimentary.
- Aerogene.
- Mixed.
- Pin.
?
On necropsy of 17-years-old girl, dying because of pulmonary insufficiency: the
downlow areas of caseous necrosis are exposed in the lower segment of right
lung, in bronchopulmonary, bronchial and bifurkational lymphatic knots there are
the phenomena of caseous necrosis. What diagnosis is most credible?
- Tuberculoma.
- Hematogenic form of progress of primary tuberculosis.
- Hematogenic tuberculosis with the prevailing defeat of lungs.
+ Growth of primary affect at primary tuberculosis.
- Caseous pneumonia at the secondary tuberculosis.
?
On necropsy of a man 44 years, which died after pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency,
pneumosclerosis, emphysema of lungs, hypertrophy of right ventricle of heart is
exposed. In both lungs, mainly subpleural, there are plural noncommunicative
hearths in diameter of 1 cm. Histologically: in a center of a hearth there is an area
of necrosis, on periphery there is a billow of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes
with the admixture of macrophages and
plasmatic cells. The giant cells of Pirogov - Langkhansa are determined. A bit of
capillaries - on periphery of hearth. What is the disease?
+ Hematogenic tuberculosis.
- Actinomycosis of lungs.
- Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann.
- Syphilis.
- Schistosis.
?
On necropsy of a man, 48 years, which died of white plague, the partly emptied
symmetric tubercular cavities are exposed in cortic-pleural areas with
predominance of productive tissue reaction; in both lungs there are tender
reticulated pneumosclerosis and emphysema; pulmonary heart; in bifurcational
lymphatic knots there is tubercular caseous lymphadenitis. In the III segment of
right lung there is a hearth of Gon. What diagnosis is most credible?
- Hematogenic generalization of primary tuberculosis.
+ Hematogenic-disseminated tuberculosis.
- Chronic primary tuberculosis.
- Chronic miliary tuberculosis.
- Cirrhotic tuberculosis.
?
At microscopic research of lungs of patient, 52 years, there are hearths of
necrosis, surrounded the billow of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. Between
lymphocytes and epithelioid cells there are large cells of the rounded form with
plenty of kernels, placed on periphery. How such Histologically changes are
named?
- Syphilitic granulosum.
- Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann granulosum.
+ Tubercular granulosum.
- Leprous granulosum.
- Sclerotic granulosum.
?
A prisoner, 40 years, died in a prison from tuberculosis. At autopsy research of
body there are deformation and diminishing of sizes of apexes of both the lungs,
plural cavities with dense walls in 2 - 3 mm thick in overhead segments both the
lungs, disseminated hearths by a diameter from 5 mm to 2 cm of caseous necrosis
in the lower segments of lungs. Diagnose the form of tuberculosis.
- Secondary cirrhotic.
- Secondary fibronodular.
- Hematogenic macrofocal with the defeat of lungs.
- Primary, growth of primary affect.
+ Secondary fibrocavernous.
?
For a man, 50 years, which was ill on tuberculosis and died on a background of
the phenomena of pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, on dissection there is lobar
character of defeat of lungs: the overhead segment of right lung is megascopic,
dense, yellow, loose, on a pleura there are fibrinous stratifications. From what
form of the secondary tuberculosis does the indicated pathology belong to?
- Tuberculoma.
- Fibronodular tuberculosis.
- Infiltrative tuberculosis.
+ Caseous pneumonia.
- Acute hearth tuberculosis.
?
On necropsy of dying, 48 years, in the area of the I segment of right lung there is
round formation in a diameter of 5 cm with clear contours, surrounded by the thin
layer of connective tissue, filled white loose masses. Diagnose the form of the
secondary tuberculosis.
+ Tuberculoma.
- Acute cavernous tuberculosis.
- Acute hearth tuberculosis.
- Fibrocavernous tuberculosis.
?
At patient which died after white plague: in the I segment of right lung there is a
hearth of pale-grey color, surrounded by a capsule, by a diameter 3 cm.
Microscopically: hearth of necrosis with a capsule, absence of perifocal
inflammation. Name the form of tuberculosis.
- Acute cavernous tuberculosis.
- Cirrhotic tuberculosis.
+ Tuberculoma.
?
At dying with a clinical diagnosis: chronic abscess of lungs - on dissection a
cavity is exposed in the II segment of right lung measuring 5 cm, rounded form.
The internal surface of cavity is formed by caseous masses, external - by dense
tissue of lungs, a pyogenic membrane absents. What process does speech about?
- Acute abscess.
+ Acute cavernous tuberculosis.
- Chronic abscess.
- Primary pulmonary cavity.
?
On necropsy of a man of 44 years, which died of pulmonary-cardiac
insufficiency, pneumosclerosis, emphysema of lungs, hypertrophy of right
ventricle of heart is exposed. In both lungs, mainly subpleural there are plural
hearths by a diameter to 1 cm Histologically: in a center of a hearth there is an
area of necrosis, on periphery there is a billow of epithelioid cells and
lymphocytes with the admixture of macrophages and plasmatic cells. The giant
cells of Pirogov-Langkhans are determined. The small number of capillaries is
determined on periphery of hearth. What disease takes a place at patient?
+ Hematogenic tuberculosis
- Primary pulmonary consumption
- Carcinomatous tuberculosis
- Secondary tuberculosis
?
Sick with 30-years-old experience of work in a mine died of pulmonary-cardiac
insufficiency. On dissection lungs are exaggerated, fluffy, on a cut in them there
are plenty of knots by sizes of millet corns. Histologically in knots there is the
area of necrosis, on periphery there is a billow of epithelioid cells and
lymphocytes with the admixture of macrophages and plasmatic cells. The giant
cells of Pirogov- Langkhans are determined. Name the most credible disease:
+ Miliary tuberculosis
- Primary pulmonary consumption
- Carcinomatous tuberculosis
?
On dissection of patient which died of pneumocardial insufficiency, there are
found changes in lungs (cavities) with excrescence of connective tissue. Lungs
are deformed, close-settled, the scars of linear form, numerous bronchoektases,
expressed pleura unions, "pulmonary" heart, are revealed. What disease did result
in death?
+ Cirrhotic tuberculosis
- Bronchoektatic illness
- Chronic nonspecific pneumonia
- Adhesive plevritis with pneumosclerosis
?
At autopsy of dead body of man, dying of chronic pneumocardial insufficiency,
the signs of chronic diffuse emphysema and "pulmonary heart" are exposed. What
factors do play the most important role in development of pulmonary
hypertension as there are reasons of "pulmonary heart"?
+ Reduction of capillary network in the respiratory department of lungs
- Proliferation of plain muscle cells in the walls of arterioleses and shallow arteries
- Intracapillary sclerosis
- Hyalinosis of arterioles and shallow arteries
- Atherosclerosis of bronchial arteries
?
A patient, suffering hematogenic tuberculosis, grumbled about a weakness,
nausea, vomiting, itch of skin, pain in joints, head pain. Death came at the
increasing displays of uremia. On dissection: a skin is flabby, earthily-grey with
"powdery" hyperuricemic salts, smell of ammonia, on-the-spot pericardium,
sheets of pleura and peritoneum are deposits of fibrin as whitish filaments. What
process in kidneys did entail development of uremia?
- Policystosis
+ Amyloidosis
- Pyelonephritis
- Gidronephrosis
?
Spongy and cortical layers of tibial bone here and there are in a state of
disintegration, cavities which arose up are filled by creamy masses of sulphur
color. Most credible form of inflammation:
+ festering
- tubercular
- granulomatous
- proliferative
- mixed
?
At patient is with high temperature, shortness of breath, pain in right part of
thorax. Pleural punction gave 700 ml of viscid liquid of sulphur color. What
pathological process did develop in a pleural cavity?
+ Empyema of pleura
- Serosal plevritis
- Hematogenic tuberculosis with the primary defeat of lungs
- Carcinomatous pleuritis
- Tubercular pleuritis
?
On dissection of dying of pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency in lungs a far is
exposed dense miliary and large round, oval and wrong form of knots of white
color by a diameter 0,1-0,5 cm which placed meet between itself. Except for it net
pneumosclerosis, productive granulomatous tissue reaction, emphysema registers
in lungs. A heart is megascopic: thickness of wall of right ventricle of 1,0ñì,
counter-clockwise -1,3ni. It is known from anamnesis, that a patient during 15
years was imprisoned. What disease does take a place at patient?
+ Chronic macrofocal tuberculosis
- Chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs
- Productive pneumosclerosis
- Hypertrophy kardiomiopatiya
?
At necropsy of man 67 years in a lung knots are exposed 0,2-0,3 cm in a diameter,
which are felt as grains of sand. Lungs are megascopic in a volume, fluffy, small
areas of deposit of coal pigment. About what disease is it necessary to think in
this case?
+ Acute milliary tuberculosis
- Asbestosis
- Anthracosis
- Pneumosclerosis
- Emphysema
?
For a 1,5 year-old boy which died of viral pneumonia, it is exposed on autopsy:
salient cervical and frontal humps ("square head "), saddle-like nose, flat back of
head, uncopsy large top, bulge in the areas of osteoarticular connections of ribs
and epiphysis of long tubular bones, X-deformation of lower extremities. There is
an area of growth of bones at macroscopic research - uneven, extended, glassy;
Histologically is expansion of cartilaginous area with wrong alternation and
location of cartilaginous cells, absent clear and even boundary line between
cartilaginous and ossiform tissues. Diagnose the disease of skeleton.
+ Rachitis
- Trachelokyphosis
- Chondrodisplasy
- Imperfect osteogenesis
- Hematogenic tuberculosis with mainly extra pulmonary localization
?
For a child 10 years, which suffers chronic tonsillitis with multiple relapses, a
cynanche appeared. During examination there was ulcification on a counter-
clockwise amygdale, hyperemia of mucous cheek, increase of neck
lymphonoduss. In family of this child a grand-dad is ill on tuberculosis. What
diagnosis is most possible?
+ Primary tubercular complex, alimentary way of infection
- Chronic tubercular complex, alimentary way of infection
- Primary tubercular tonsillitis, skyway of infection
- Chronic tuberculosis
- it is a primary tubercular lymphadenitis, aerogenic way of infection
?
At Histologically research of lungs of patient dying of pulmonary-cardiac
insufficiency, the cavity of disintegration in the secondary segment of right lung
of rounded-oval form is exposed in the diameter of 5,0ñì, reported with a
segmentary bronchial tube. The internal layer of cavity there are caseous masses.
What is the character of changes in lungs?
- Acute abscess of lung
- Chronic cavity
- Chronic abscess
- Phlegmon
?
For a dying of intoxication man during dissection the increase of thurl is exposed
in a volume, on-the-spot skin - whistle with a selection from them of turbid liquid;
a thigh-bone is incrassate and deformed, formation of sequestra takes a place; at
microscopic research sequestral cavities are surrounded granulation and
connective tissue with the presence of lymphocytes, not numerous plasmocytes
and single neutrophiles, epithelioid cells, cells of Pirogov - Lankhgans. What
diagnosis is most reliable?
+ Hematogenic tuberculosis with extra pulmonary defeats
- Acute hematogenic osteomielitisis
- Gonarthrocace
- Tracheokyphosis
- Primary tubercular coxartrosis
?
On dissection of man, megascopic in a volume close-settled lungs are found with
the far of miliary hearths which are felt as grains of sand. These changes are
anymore shown in overhead segments. What from the transferred diagnoses most
reliable?
+ Acute miliary tuberculosis
- A diffusely-sclerotic form is tuberculosis
- Primary tuberculosis with hematogenic distribution
- Secondary tuberculosis with the primary defeat of lungs
?
For a dying patient with fibrofocal tuberculosis at dissection it is found, that a
right lung is megascopic, dense, yellow, on a pleura the expressed fibrinous
impositions. How to describe these changes?
+ Caseous pneumonia
- Croupous pneumonia in the stage of grey hepatization
- Necropneumonia
- Empyema of pleura and croupous pneumonia
- Phlegmon of lung
?
In lungs of patient of 34 years, which in a flow 9 years worked as polish, found
out lobular curd bronchopneumonia, phenomena of endobronchitis,
mesobronkhitis and pan of bronchitis, inflammatory infiltration with formation of
billow from lymphocytes, epithelioid and giant cells. The displays of what disease
there are in lungs?
+ Acute hearth tuberculosis
- Chronic primary tuberculosis
- Chronic bronchitis and caseous pneumonia
- Polisegmental bronchopneumonia
?
At 40 years at progress of periodontitis it is found out a patient inflammation of
alveolar sprout and amygdale. On an amygdale it is exposed oval form
ulcification. The lymphatic knots of neck are megascopic. Microscopically round
lymphatic vessels found out the inflammatory reaction of granulomatous
character with the presence of epithelioid and giant cells. Name a disease.
- Ulcero-necrotic quinsy
- Festering periostitis and tonsilitis
?
For a sick girl 12 years changes take a place in an intestine. In limfoidnoy tissue
of blind gut it is found out necrosis of mucous with formation ulcer. In the
mesenterial knots of granulomatous inflammatory infiltration is with caseous
necrosis. What from the transferred diagnoses most reliable?
- Progress of the secondary tuberculosis of mesenterial lymphonoduss
- Hematogenic tuberculosis of intestine
- Heterospecific ulcerous colitis
?
On dissection of man 59 years, dying of chronic pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency
found out the followings changes: lungs are megascopic, dense, little air, on a cut
in them the great number of the diffusely located knots of whitish color, 2-3 mm,
is determined in a diameter. Microscopically knots are presented the hearths of
caseous, perifocal lympho-plasmacytic infiltration, epithelioid and giant cells.
+ Miliary white plague
- Fibrous alveolitis
- Microfocal giant cell pneumonia
- Metastases of tumour in lungs, carcinomatosis
?
At research of tissue of coxal joint there is chronic inflammation of compact
matter and marrow, formations of sequester, expressed inflammatory reaction of
granulomatous character with the presence of epithelioid and giant cells, is
exposed. What disease do such changes develop at?
- Acute tracheokyphosis
- Gonarthrocace
- Productive osteomielitis
?
On dissection of patient which a lot of years worked on a mine and died of
chronic pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, it is exposed, that lungs are little air,
close-settled, sclerotic, the apexes are emphysematous changed, hearth productive
tissue reaction, net pneumosclerosis, shallow knots in a parenchima both the
lungs. Presence at patient of tubercular gonitis. What illness did death come from?
+ Hematogenic-disseminated tuberculosis
- Tubercular poliartritis
- Pneumosclerosis
- Chronic pneumonia and gonarthrocace
?
At necropsy woman 50 years, dying of uremia, the hemilesion of kidneys is
found. In the crust ball of right kidney in a papillary ball the hearths of destruction
are revealed with formation of cavities of filled by caseous masses. Round them
inflammatory infiltration takes a place lymphocytes, histiocytes, epithelioid cells.
What illness is most reliable?
- Generalized hematogenic tuberculosis
- Primary tuberculosis of kidneys
- Tuberculoma of kidney
?
At necropsy man 56 years and Histologically research in lungs it was found the
hearths of sclerosis round bronchial tubes and vessels of lungs; excrescence of
connective tissue is in alveolar partitions, hearth of caseous necrosis in the third
segment of right lung. In bifurcational lymphonoduss caseous masses of hearth
character, inflammatory perivascular infiltration of granulomatous character, are
revealed with the presence of cells of Pirogov-Lankhgans . Infiltration is revealed
and on motion lymphatic vessels in by a right lung. What form of disease does
take a place?
- Tuberculosis hematogenic
- Tuberculoma
- Croupous pneumonia with granulomatous lymphadenitis
?
Microscopically in the remote secondary segment of right easy miner the rounded
knots are found in a diameter from 2,0äî 5,0ñì, built from the concentric layers of
caseous masses, surrounded a connecting capsule. Most reliable diagnosis:
+ Secondary tuberculosis
- Metastases of shrine
- Primary tubercular complex
- Cancer of lungs
?
Spongy and cortical layers of tibia on separate areas in a state of disintegration,
cavities which appeared are filled the masses of grey color, granulomatous
character of inflammation with the presence of lymphocytes, single leucocytes,
plasmocytes, giant cells is revealed. Most reliable diagnosis:
- Acute osteomielitis
- Generalized tuberculosis
?
In the house of child at examination for a child in age 1,5 years exposed hearth
formations in a spine, presented destruction, presence of sequestra. At
Histologically research the giant cells of Pirogov-Langkhans are determined.
What is the disease?
- Festering osteomielitis
- Osteomalation
?
For a worker the signs of sharp violation of cerebral circulation of blood, fainting
fit, appeared 37 years. In a few days he died. On a section in the soft shells of
cerebrum found out the shallow knots of grey color, shell pale with an edema,
especially expressed change in barrel part of cerebrum. At histological research
found out infiltration mainly of lymphocytic character with the single cells of
Pirogov-Lankhgans. What process did take a place in a cerebrum?
- Viral encephalitis
+ Tubercular meningitis
- Hydromeningitis
- Second meningitis
- Staphylococcus meningo-encephalitis
?
For a woman in 20 complaints are about a weakness, pathological fatigue ability,
increase of temperature, disorders of menstrual cycle. At research of scrape of
endometrium there were found out such changes: necrosis, round him focal
infiltration lymphocytes, epithelioid cells, giant cells of Pirogov-Lankhgans,
single, neutrophiles. Your diagnosis?
- Primary tubercular endometritis
- Secondary tubercular endometritis
- Extra pulmonary primary tubercular complex
?
Man 40 years, death came from uremia. On a section: kidneys are megascopic
with the phenomena of pyonefrosis, in a cork layer cells of destruction with
formation of cavities, in an ureter there are found out caseous masses. Specify
pathology of kidneys, which developed.
+ Tuberculosis of kidneys, as a form of tuberculosis
- Hydronephrosisis with pyonephrosis
- Bilateral cortical nephrosis
- Sepsis, septicopyemia, abscesses of cork layer of kidneys
- Tuberculosis of kidneys, as a form of the second tuberculosis
?
A man is 40 years hospitalized concerning pneumonia. On the third days he died.
At microscopic research found out the plural shallow knots of grey color in all
organs. Microscopically it is necrotizing cells without a proliferative reaction, a
weak exsudate reaction appeared in lungs. For what disease the characteristic
described changes?
+ Peracute tubercular sepsis without primary localization
- Hematogenic-disseminated tuberculosis
- Second tuberculosis, diffuse infiltrative form
?
A patient of 46 years old, who had been suffering from tuberculosis for 6 years,
died of the massive pulmonary bleeding. At a section: the centers of sclerosis and
cavernous necrosis of different sizes are determined in the lungs, there is a cavity
in size of 5,0 cm in a diameter with the dense walls of grey color in the upper part
of right lung, there is a liquid blood and clots of blood in the cavity. What variety
of tuberculosis is this?
+ Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
– Acute cavernous tuberculosis
– Infiltrative tuberculosis
– Fibrofocal tuberculosis
– Acute focal tuberculosis
?
A patient, who suffered from tuberculosis, died of increasing pulmonary heart
disease. At the necropsy is defined a cavity of 5cm in diameter, which is
connected with the lumen of segmental bronchus, in the area of apex of right
lung. The walls of the cavity are covered from inside with tyroid masses, under
which the epithelioid cells and the cells of Pirogov-Langchance are situated.
Specify a morphological form of tuberculosis.
+ Acute tuberculous cavity
– Tuberculoma
– Caseous pneumonia
?
A patient ill with tuberculosis died from progressing cardiopulmonary
decompensation. Autopsy in the area of the right lung apex revealed a cavity 5 cm
in diameter communicating with lumen of a segmental bronchus. On the inside
cavity walls are covered with caseous masses with epithelioid and Langhans cells
beneath them. What morphological form of tuberculosis is it?
– Caseous pneumonia
– Tuberculoma

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While histological examination of the womb mucous tunic were found sinuous glands,

A microscopic examination of a myocardium revealed postinfarction transmural

An X-ray film of a male patient, who underwent an operation of bone fragment

A biopsy of a bronchus of a 50-year-old male patient, who suffered from chronic

At the histological research of biopsy of the wall of bronchus is discovered that

While examination of biopsy material granulome was revealed, which consisted of

- respiratory sintitial infection инфекция

At disease of leucosis discovered pathology was clear: leukemic

At 44 years old man from Ukraine, behind results of autopsy weer

Patient, 75 years, during 15 years suffers by bronchial asthma, ischemic heart

At a patient after physical tension tromboemboly of segmentary pulmonary

At a patient because of obturation of mediolobular bronchial tube the atelectasis

At a patient with bronchoectatic illness, pneumosclerosis with the expressed

At a patient 53 years, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness hemoptysis,

At a patient with pulmonary pathology on dissection a cavity is exposed with

At microscopic research of bioptate from the area of tumour of mucous

At a child 8 years the signs of pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, shortness of

At necropsy miner and histological research in lungs numerous thin bars of

At a 45-years-old patient which acutely became ill by pneumonia, the edema of

A patient 30-years-old who worked in a mine died from increasing pulmonary-

A woman in age 50 years as a result of supercooling became ill by croupous

At histological research of remote from an easy knot suspicious on a tumour, a

At autopsy of man middle-aged, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness,

At a patient suffering long time by a chronic bronchitis, chronic cardiac

Microscopically at histological research of dying lungs exposed: in the road

A 39-years-old woman salesman of supermarket was often ill by pneumonia.

On dissection of man dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, 47 years, the

Microscopically numerous, rounded knots consisting of concentric hyalinized

Microscopically in the right lung there is excrescence of the atypical ferrous

A patient 8 years grumbled about a cough with festering sputum, shortness of

In biopsy material of bronchial tube of patient practising upon smoking, in an

At bronchoscopy of a patient 62 years in the initial department of bronchial tube

A patient during many years suffered by bronchoectatic illness, died because of

At a patient, 67 years, with the clinical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis,

On dissection of patient, which died from pneumocardial insufficiency, the dark

At a patient 65 years on 5 day after cholecystectomia on an occasion a calculary

At a patient 49 years, long suffering by a chronic obstructive festering bronchitis,

At a patient 53th years, protractedly suffering by bronchoectatic illness

Man, 52 years, profession is gas-arc welder, on 10 days of treatment of acute

A patient, 37 years, during 2,5-3 months suffers by pneumonia. A dynamics from

At a man, 20 years, which died at the syndrome of making progress

At autopsy of dead body of man which died from chronic pneumocardial

At microscopic research of bronchobiopsy a tumour which is built from the nest

The croupous lungs fever is the acute infectiously-allergic disease at which is

To the acute diseases of lungs attribute:

At a patient suffering by a chronic glomerulonephritis, on a background chronic

At dissection of man 34th years, dying from chronic kidney insufficiency in

At a patient carrying croupous pneumonia and pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency

At necropsy of patient, who died from pulmonary insufficiency found out a

Brown induration of lungs develops at:

In anamnesis at a patient, 62 years, from little up chronic inflammatory illnesses

On dissection of patient 65 years, which died from chronic cardiac insufficiency

At an alcoholic, after the acute supercooling a weakness, shortness of breath,

A man, 19 years, suffered from babyhood by bronchoectatic illness. Died from

Patient, 63 years, during 2th weeks independently treated oneself by antibiotics in

At a patient on dissection in a right pleura cavity 380ml of yellow creamy liquid

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A patient which suffered by chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs, died from

At dissection of dying from pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency bilateral croupous

At necropsy patient suffering by croupous pneumonia and dying from a

A man is 56 years bronchoscopy, during which a exophite tumour which narrows

What changes in a heart develop at chronic obstructive emphysema of lungs.

At a man 48 years [miner which obtained an anhydroferrite] on dissection found