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Step 12sem 4
Step 12sem 4
serrated and corkscrew-like, extended, stroma growings with cells proliferation. Your diagnose:
+ glandular hyperplasia of endometrium
- acute endometrium
- leiomyoma
- hydated mole
- placental polyp
On the ventral surface of the tongue a man with prosthetic appliance on the lower jaw
dense grey plaque of irregular form with uneven surface and clear-cut borders. While
histological examination of formation preserved structure of multi-layer plane epithelium is
noticed, it is thickened at the expense of dogrose-like and basal layers, hyperkeratosis,
akantosis; lymphomacraphagal infiltration of subjecting conjunctive tissue. Diagnose the
disease:
+ leukoplakia
- erythroplakia
- papilloma
- carcinoma in citu
- condyloma
The right lung of the sick was extracted apropos of the swallowing, after it volume of the
lung enlarged on 50%. What process developed in the left lung?
+ vicarial hypertrophy
- neurohumoral hypertrophy
- pseudohypertrophy
- work hypertrophy
- hypertrophic growing
To the woman with dysfunctional womb bleeding it was made diagnostic scraping out.
Histologically in scrape numerous sinuous glands were found, gleams of some glands are cyst
widened. Name the type of general pathologic process in endometrium.
+ ferriferous-cyst hyperplasia
- atrophy
- metaplasia
- displasia
- hyperthrophic growings
The sick with amputated lower extremity in the stump appeared painful nodules. While
microscopical examination amputation neuromas were revealed. To what pathological process
are these formations related?
+ pathological regeneration
- full reparative regeneration
- inflammation
- incomplete reparative regeneration
- metaplasia
The sick died of cardial insufficiency, in anamnesis there is pulmonectomy apropos of the
right lung cyst. On the postmortal examination enlarged left lung was found. Name the
pathological process in the left lung.
+ vicarial hypertrophy
- neurohumoral hypertrophy
- dysfunctional atrophy
- discircular atrophy
- neurotic atrophy
While postmortal examination of the woman’s (69 years old) body, who suffered for a
long time of essential heart hypertension, pathologist found that her both kidneys are dense,
considerably reduced in size, the surface is small-grained. Such changes testify of:
+ atrophy because of blood supply deficiency
- atrophy because of pressure
- senile atrophy
- dysfunctional atrophy
- hypoplasia
In the biopsy material of bronchial tube mucous tunic of the man, who suffered of chronic
bronchitis, areas of multi-layer plane not becoming horny epithelium were found. Diagnose
pathological process in mucous tunic of bronchial tube
+ metaplasia
- atrophy
- hyperplasia
- displasia
After trauma of liver became the full renewal of structure and functions of liver. What
kind of regeneration is this?
+ restitution
- incomplete regeneration
- pathological regeneration
- simple physiological regeneration
- substitution
The sick of chronic cystitis in the biopsy material of bladder mucous tunic with
transitional epithelium areas of multi-layer plane not becoming horny epithelium were found.
What process lies in the basis of the described changes in epithelium?
+ metaplasia
- dystrophy
- hyperplasia
- displasia
- hyperkeratosis
While examination of mouth cavity on the mucous tunic of the cheek dense spot of white
colour 1cm in diameter is determined, which towers above the surface of mucous tunic. What
pathological process is this?
+ leukoplakia
- erythroplakia
- carnification
- organization
- mucous swelling
To the pathomorphological department was sent a piece of tunic from the edge of chronic
stomach ulcer. While histological examination in it was found: necrosis, granulation tissue,
surplus development of fibrous conjunctive tissue and metaplasia of epithelium. What kind of
compensatory-adaptable process is this?
+ pathological regeneration with disturbance of phases changing
- hypertrophy
- physiological regeneration
- reparative regeneration (substitution)
- reparative regeneration (restitution)
In the biopsy material of bronchial tube mucous tunic of the sick, 50 years old, who
suffered for twenty years of chronic bronchitis, thinning of mucous tunic, cyst-like
transformation of the mucous glands were found, there were also focuses of substitution of
prismatic epithelium on the multi-layer plane epithelium. What of the heart pathological
processes enumerated above is the most trustworthy?
+ metaplasia
- hyperplasia
- heterotrophy
- heteroplasia
- displasia
The sick, who suffered for a long time of chronic bronchitis, got the development of
chronic heart insufficiency. On the postmortal examination in the lungs there is: emphysema
and pulmonary sclerosis. What heart changes develop in such case?
+ hypertrophy of the right heart ventricle
- hypertrophy of the left heart ventricle
- hypertrophy of all heart ventricles
- diffusive cardiosclerosis
- myocardium atrophy
On the postmortal examination of the sick, 57 years old, which suffered of essential heart
hypertension and died of heart decompensation, it was found an enlarged heart with expanded
cavity (mass is 550g, thickness of wall is 2.5cm), microscopically cardiomyocytes are
noticeably enlarged, with fatty degeneration and ãèïåðîõðîìíûìè barrel-like nuclei. What of
pathological processes enumerated above is the most trustworthy?
+ eccentric hypertrophy
- myocarditis
- concentric hypertrophy
- angiogenic cardiosclerosis
- cardiomyopathy
A sick child, 12 years old, who suffers of poliomyelitis, somatic muscles are weak,
reduced in volume, skin is dry and pale, while morphological examination of the soft tissues
biopsy material typical morphologic changes were revealed. Define the character of
pathological process of the soft tissues.
+ atrophy
- hypertrophy
- hyperplasia
- metaplasia
- hyperplasia
The sick, who for a long time smoked too much, got coughing with excretions of viscous
mucus, weakness after physical exercises, paleness of skin, during last 2 months he lost his
weight on 12kg. while endoscopic examination of the bronchial tube biopsy material was given
a diagnose: epidermoid cancer. Define the character of pathological process, which preceded
the formation of swallowing.
+ metaplasia
- hypoplasia
- hyperplasia
- necrosis
- sclerosis
The sick, 65 years old, was operated in the urological department apropos of
adenomatous hyperplasia of prostate gland. While operation it was found, that wall of bladder
is thickened to 1cm. It can be explained by:
+ work hypertrophy
- vicarial hypertrophy
- hormone hypertrophy
- hormone hyperplasia
- protective hyperplasia
The sick, 72 years old, who suffered of pancreatic diabetes, was delivered to surgeon
department with shin ulcer, which didn’t close up for a long time. After 3 weeks of treatment
while the ulcer examination its bottom looks soft, juicy, rosy with small-grained surface. What
histological description corresponds to this process?
+ many thin-walled capillaries and proliferating cells
- extensive necrosis, accumulation of segmental leukocytes
- multi-layer, plane, becoming horny epithelium
- existence of fibroblasts and fascicles of collagenous fibres
- among mature fibrous tissue sharply widened vessels
The sick, 70 years old, was delivered to the thoracic department with the diagnose of lung
abscess, with the symptoms of growing cordial insufficiency he died. On the postmortal
examination it was found, that lymph nodes of mediastinum are enlarged, juicy, of rosy-red
colour. Spleen is enlarged, slack, with rich scrap of pulp. By what can changes in spleen and
lymph nodes be explained
+ protective hyperplasia
- compensatory hyperplasia
- hormone hyperplasia
- passive congestion
- purulent inflammation in lymph node and spleen
Ten years ago a male patient's right lung was removed because of a tumour, since then the
capacity of his left lung has increased by 50 %. What process has developed in the left lung?
+ Vicarious hypertrophy
– Neurohumoral hypertrophy
– Vicarious hypertrophy
– Work hypertrophy
– Hypertrophic vegetations
An autopsy of a male patient, who died from hypertensive disease, revealed an enlarged
heart weighing 600 g, with a thickened left ventricular wall up to 2 cm and a dilated cavity of
the left ventricle. Name the kind of an adaptive reconstruction in the heart.
– Eccentric atrophy
– Concentric hypertrophy
– Vicarious hypertrophy
+ Eccentric hypertrophy
– Vicarious hypertrophy
A youth complains of thinning of the muscles and reduction in the volume of the shin that
appeared after a fracture of the femur which did not heal for a long period of time and was not
accompanied by any impairment of the nerves. What is the name for such an atrophy of
muscles?
– Neurotic
– Caused by insufficient blood supply
– Atrophy owing to pressure
+ Dysfunctional
– Caused by physical factors
An autopsy of a male, who suffered from hypertensive disease for a long period of time,
revealed a sharply enlarged heart weighing 800.0 g. Name the kind of compensatory
hypertrophy of the heart.
– Vicarious
– Hypertrophic vegetations
– Vicarious
– Neurohumoral
+ Work
As a result of falling down, a small abrasion formed of the knee of a child and some time
later it epithelialized completely without formation of any scar. What form of regeneration took
place in this case?
– Physiological
– Substitution
+ Restitution
– Pathological
– Intracellular
A 74-year-old male died from chronic heart failure. On autopsy, an old postinfarction scar
was found in the heart. A histological examination revealed a focus of fibrosis and hypertrophy
of cardiomyocytes. What regeneration do the described changes manifest?
– Pathological
– Physiological
+ Substitution
– Restitution
– Intracellular
Following a traumatic injury of the liver, there was a complete restoration of its structure
and functions with time. What is the name for such a kind of regeneration?
+ Restitution
– Substitution
– Pathological
– Physiological
– Intracellular
A 20-year-old male patient with a posttraumatic variceal dilation and thrombosis of the
subcutaneous vein in the middle third part of the shin underwent its surgical removal.
Histologically, an obstructive thrombus was found in the lumen of the vein with growing of a
connective tissue into the thrombus from the side of the vascular wall. What process did the
changes in the thrombus result from?
+ Organization
– Reconstruction
– Canalization
– Revascularization
– Repair
A male patient with chronic cystitis revealed, along with the transitional epithelium, foci
of the stratified squamous one without keratinization in a biopsy of the mucosa of his bladder,
What pathological process does it indicate?
+ Metaplasia
– Leukoplakia
– Hyperplasia
– Dysplasia
– Hyperkeratosis
A 30-year-old male patient, who 10 years before had undergone removal of his
traumatized left kidney, against a background of good health revealed a twice-fold enlargement
of the right kidney in comparison with the norm on prophylactic medical examination. Which
of the listed processes was the most probable one in the kidney?
– Work hypertrophy
+ Vicarious hypertrophy
– Hyperplasia
– Neurohumoral hypertrophy
– Pseudohypertrophy
An autopsy of a 75-year-old male patient, who suffered from a prostatic adenoma and
died of renal insufficiency, revealed enlarged kidneys; on section, there was an atrophy of the
parenchyma and a lot of thin-walled cavities filled with urine. Which of the listed kinds of an
atrophy in the kidney was the most probable?
– Caused by physical factors
– Dysfunctional
+ Caused by pressure
– Neurotic
– Caused by insufficiency of blood circulation
In a postoperative wound of a 10-year-old child, who was operated for acute appendicitis;
2-3 days later appeared some granulation tissue and on the 10th day a small thin scar was
formed. Name the kind of healing.
– Simple
– Under a crust
+ By first intention
– By second intention
A histological examination of a scrape from the mucous membrane of the uterus was
made in a 50-year-old female patient who complained of a disorder in the ovariomenstrual
cycle manifested by irregular significant haemorrhages. A cystoglandular hyperplasia of the
endometrium was diagnosed. Name the kind of the pathological process in.the endometrium.
+ Neurohumoral hyperplasia
– Hypertrophic vegetation
– Vicarious hypertrophy
– Regenerative hypertrophy
– Vicarious hypertrophy
For examination, a scrape from the mucous coat of the uterus of a 45-year-old woman
suffering from dysfunctional uterine bleedings was sent. Histologically,
an increased number of endometrial glands and their intensified branching with a cyst-
like dilation of the lumens were found. Which of the pathological processes listed below was
the most probable?
– Hypertrophy
+ Hyperplasia
– Metaplasia
– Dysplasia
– Aplasia
An autopsy of a 57-year-old male patient, who suffered from hypertensive disease and
died of cardiac decompensation, revealed an enlarged heart with dilated cavities.
Microscopically, the cardiomyocytes were significantly enlarged and had fatty degeneration
with hyperchromatic barrel-like nuclei. Which of the listed morphological processes in the heart
was the most probable?
+ Eccentric hypertrophy
– Hypertrophic vegetations
– Brown atrophy
– Concentric hypertrophy
– Vicarious ypertrophy
At the person with the tumour of anterior lobe of hypophysis as a result of the increased
secretion of corticotropin develops the hypertrophy of adrenal cortex. How is called such kind
of the hypertrophy?
+ Correlative
– Regenerative
– Vicarial
– Work
A child of 3 years old was wearing a plaster cast of a right hip joint during 6 month in
connection with tuberculous coxitis. After unbandaging, is defined, that a measurement round
the left hip is in 7cm larger, than a right one. In this case the question is about:
+ dysfunctional atrophy
– pressure atrophy
– neuroticus atrophy at denervation
– atrophy, caused by circulatory insufficiency
– hypoplasia
At the postmortem dissection of a man with a clinical diagnosis of cancer of the stomach
is marked, that a hypodermic-fatty layer is of orange colour, its thickness on the front
abdominal wall is 0,3cm. The macroscopic picture is corresponds to:
+ panatrophy
– norm
– hormonal atrophy
– adipose degeneration
– adiponecrosis
At adenoma of prostate gland, narrowing the urethra, a thickening of the wall of urinary
bladder is noticed. What kind of hypertrophy is this?
+ Work hypertrophy
– Vicarious hypertrophy
– Restoratory hypertrophy
– Displasia
A patient with diabetes mellitus was performed a lancing of abscess in the nuchal region.
A wound healing protracted during one and a half month, the pyogenic content constantly
effused out of wound. After the wound healing has formed a cicatrix on its place. What kind of
wound healing was in this case?
+ Secondary wound healing
– Cuticularization
– Primary wound healing
– Mixed wound healing
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?
A child of 5 months old died of pneumonia. While macroscopic examination it was found an
oblique slant of palpebral fissures, falling back dorsum of nose, high disposition of palate, low
disposition of small auricle, and while autopsy – heart and great vessels development defect.
While genetic examination it was found a trisomy behind the 21 st pair of autochromosome.
Which of the following diagnosis is the most trustworthy?
+ Down’s disease;
- Patau’s syndrome;
- Turner’s syndrome;
- Edwards’ syndrome.
?
While examining a tissue sampling of the sick who suffered of allergic angiitis it was found:
side of the vessels is thickened, homogeneous coloured yellow by picrofucsin. What
pathological process developed in the side of the vessels?
+ fibrinogenous swelling
- amiloidosis
- mucous swelling
- hyalinosis
- lipoidosis
?
While examining an extracted stomach the doctor found out in the antral section on the lesser
curvature of stomach a deep defect, which reached muscular layer, 1.5cm in diameter,
rounded, with even edges, on the floor of the defect semi-transparent dense area is
determined, which looked like hyaline gristle. What process developed in theу stomach on the
floor of the defect?
+ local hyalinosis
- amiloidosis
- mucous swelling
- fibrinogenous swelling
- general hyalinosis
?
While external examination of the newborn evident changes of all coverlets were found. The
skin is dry, dull, with uneven surface and with theу presence of grey exfoliating plates. With
what kind of dystrophy are these changes connected?
+ keratinization
- hydropic
- hyaline
- fibrinogenous swelling
- mucous swelling
?
The sick who suffered of tuberculosis. In the biopsy material, while histological study, in the
focus of caseous necrosis small rambling kernels of chromatin were revealed. What caused
the following changes?
+ karyorrhexis
- carrhyolisis
- nuclei piknosis
- mitotic activity of nucleus
- apoptosis
?
1
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The sick in the phlegm and biopsy material of the lungs had cells with intracellular brown
granules, which gave positive reaction on the iron. Development of what process serves the
presence of brown granules in cytoplasm?
+ phagocytosis
- macropynocitosis
- micropynocitosis
- apoptosis
- resorption
?
Woman, 36 years old, who suffered of diphtheria, died of acute impaired cardial function. On
postmortem examination heart cavities are dilated, heart muscle is dull, with yellowish areas
on the incision. What process is revealed in cardiac hystiocyte?
+ fatty degeneration
- carbohydrate degeneration
- ballooning degeneration
- hyaline degeneration
- hydropic degeneration
?
A man suffered of pancreatic diabetes for 15years, died of cerebral haemorrhage. On the
postmortal examination kidneys are reduced in size, surface is small-granuled. Tubules
epithelium of distal segment is high, with light foamy cytoplasm, while colouring carmine
Best и ШИК-реакции is of ruby colour. Changes in epithelium are determined by presence
of:
+ glycogen
- lipid
- hyalin
- protein
- amyloid
?
While electronic-microscopical examination of liver biopsy material it is found that
between numerous mitochondrium there is a large number of plane cisterns and vesicles
with secretory granules, walls of which are made of membranes. Hyperplasia of what
composing ultrastructure is it?
+ Golgi apparatus
- pinocytic vesicles
- endoplasmatic reticulum
- lysosome
- microtubules
?
The woman, 45 years old, died of chronic alcoholic intoxication. On the autopsy it was
found, that the liver is sharply enlarged, yellowish and paste-like in form. Microscopically
in cytoplasm of hepatocytes, while colouring by hematoxylin and eosin, different in size
optically empty vacuoles were revealed. What kind of degeneration is it?
+ parenchymatous fatty degeneration
- carbohydrate parenchymatous degeneration
- hyaline degeneration
- mesenchimal degeneration
- hydropic degeneration
?
2
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While ultrastructural study of biopsy material it is ascertained, that in cytoplasm of
macrophage, which is a part of inflammation infiltration, appears to be considerable
increase of lisosom number. Evidence of what is it?
+ phagocytosis activation
- proliferative cell activity
- slowing-down of phagocytosis
- apoptosis activation
- slowing-down of apoptosis
?
Severe intoxication of woman, determined by sepsis, was the direct cause of her death. On
the postmortal examination the “tiger heart” was found. Microscopically in cytoplasm of
cardiomyocites lipids were detected. What morphogenetic mechanism of development
does mainly underlie in this dystrophy?
+ decomposition
- infiltration
- transformation
- perverted synthesis
?
The girl of 18 years old got a sharp pain while swallowing, lymphadenopathy of the neck,
rise in temperature till 39 degrees. On the mucous tunic of the tonsils there are white-
yellow pellicles, which are difficult to come off, with defect formation. The condition was
progressively becoming worth. The sick died on the eighth day of the illness, with
increasing effects of impaired cardial function. What histological changes in
cardyomiocytes most likely will be revealed?
+ fatty degeneration
- hydropic degeneration
- hyaline degeneration
- ballooning degeneration
- mucous degeneration
?
A man, 45 years old died of sudden cardiac arrest. Symmetric type of obesity of the 3rd
degree, wall rupture of the right ventricle of heart with hemopericardium were found;
there are surplus fat depositions under the epicardium. Microscopically: adipose tissue
from epicardium extends to myocardosis with atrophy of muscle fibers. What process is
the most probable?
+ fatty heart
- fatty miocardosis
- acute myocardium infection
- ischemic heart disease
- essential hypertension
?
A man, 45 years old, died of sudden cardiac arrest. Symmetric type of obesity of the 3 rd
type, breach of wall of the right ventricle of heart with homopericardium was found; there
was surplus fat accumulation under the epicardium. Microscopically: fatty tissue from
epicardium penetrated to the myocardosis with atrophy of muscle fibers. Point, what of the
pathological processes named above is the most trustworthy?
+ ordinary heart obesity
- fatty degeneration of myocardosis
- ischemic heart disease
- essential hypertension
- acute myocardium infarction
3
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?
The sick of stomach cancer with lots of metastases died of cancer cachexy. Define typical
changes of the heart, which were found on the postmortal examination:
+ brown atrophy of myocardium
- amyloidal megalocardia
- dilated cardiomiopathy
- “tiger heart”
?
The sick S. suffered of chronic alcoholism and cirrhosis. Profuse hemorrhage developed
from varicose veins of gullet, as the result patient died. On the autopsy liver is small-hilly,
reduced in size, dense and yellowish. While histological examination of cryostatic liver
sections (coloured by hematoxilyn and eosin) in hepatocites can be seen large optically
hollow vacuoles, in which there is a substance coloured in black while using osmium acid.
Optically hollow vacuoles of hepatocytes are:
+ large dropsical fatty degeneration
- pseudo vacuoles of hyaloplasm
- alcohol hyaline (Mallory corpuscles)
- vacuole and hydropic degeneration
- inclusions of hyaline
?
While postmortal examination of an elderly man’s corps a little reduced spleen of pale –
rosy colour was found. While microscopical examination follicles are reduced, wall of
arterioles and trabecules are thickened and are presented by homogeneous eosonofile
ШИК-позитивными masses. While additional colouring by jod-grun masses are coloured
in green. Such changes testify of existence of:
+ hyalinosis
- amiloidosis
- mucous swelling
- fibrinous swelling
- sclerosis (fibrosis)
?
The sick died of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. On the postmortal examination sharply
enlarged anemic paste-like yellow liver was found. While colouring with hematoxilin and
eosin different in size vacuoles in cytoplasm of hepatocites were found. What degeneration
is this?
+ parenchymale degeneration
- carbohydrate parenhymale
- hyaline
- mesenchimal
- hydropic
?
On the postmortal examination of the man’s (62 years old) body, which died with
symptoms of progressing cardial insufficiency, enlarged heart was found. Heart is slack,
heart chambers are stretched, myocardium on the section is dull, yellow. From the side of
endocardium yellow-white banding, strongly pronounced in papillary muscles can be
noticed. What pathological process is the most probable?
+ fatty myocardium degeneration
- fatty heart
- dilated cardiomyopathy
- myomalacia
- cardiosclerosis
4
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?
While postmortal examination of the woman’s corps, which died with the symptoms of
impaired cardial function, heart is enlarged, slack, myocardium is loamy-yellow, dull; from
the side of endocardium one can see yellow-white banding (tiger heart). Microscopically: in
groups of cardiomyocytes there is no transversal banding, in cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes
there are small drops, which are coloured by Sudan-IV in black. Your diagnose?
+ fatty myocardium degeneration
- cardiosclerosis
- rheumatic myocarditis
- fatty heart
- myomalacia
?
The sick had had peritonitis 10 years before death. On the postmortal examination liver
and spleen capsules here and there are sharply thickened, dense and semi-transparent. It is
probably:
+ hyalinosis
- necrosis
- mucous swelling
- fibrinogenous swelling
- amiloidosis
?
The child got the diagnose of faucial diphtheria in clinic. He died of acute impaired cardial
function. On the postmortal examination it was found that heart cavity is dilated in
diameter. Heart muscle is dull, slack, many-coloured with yellow areas on the section. In
cytoplasm of some cardyomiocytes with cytoplasm preserved there are small vacuoles. On
the frozen sections vacuoles are coloured by Sudan III in orange. What kind of
degeneration is revealed in cardyomiocytes?
+ fatty
- carbohydrate
- hyaline
- hydropic
?
The dead who died of chronic impaired cardial function on the postmortal examination “tiger
heart” was found. From the side of endocardium one can see yellowish-white banding,
myocardium is dull, loamy-yellow. What process determined this pathology?
+ parenchymatous fatty degeneration
- carbohydrate degeneration
- hyaline degeneration
- amiloidosis
?
A man, 70 years old, entered the hospital with pain in small joints of arms and legs. Joints are
misshapen and painful. Higher level of uric acid salts in blood and urine was found. What
dysbolism is it?
+ nucleoprotein
- calcium
- chromoproteids
- lipoporteids
- potassium
?
5
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While postmortal examination of the man, 49 years old, which came to the hospital with
symptoms of hepatotropic intoxication and then suddenly died; liver is enlarged, slack, of
yellow-brown colour; on the surface of liver section and knife blade one can see drops of fat.
Microscopically hepatocites along the periphery of classic liver lobules are found, which
contain many small drops, filling cytoplasm and moving nucleus away to the periphery. What
process is most probable in the liver?
+ fatty liver degeneration
- cerebrosine lipoidosis (Gaucher’s disease)
- infantile type of cerebral sphingolipidosis (Tay-Sachs disease)
- generalized gangalaidosis (Normann-Landing disease)
?
On the postmortal examination of the sick, which suffered during his lifetime of leucosis and
died of growing chronic anemia, heart is enlarged, heart muscle on the section is dull, pale-
grey, under endocardium yellow spots and stripes can be seen. What pathological process
developed in the heart?
+ parenchymatous fatty degeneration
- vacuole degeneration
- hyaline degeneration
- mesenchimal fatty degeneration
- work hypertrophy
?
On the postmortal examination of the corps on the grounds of typical microscopic changes
parenchymatous fatty degeneration of heart myocardium was diagnosed. What is the
figurative name of the heart in case of this degeneration?
+ tiger heart
- bovine heart
- hairy heart
- stone heart
- cor pulmonate
6
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?
On the autopsy of the woman, which suffered of chronic dysentery in the strom and
parenchyma of myocardium, kidneys, in the mucous tunic of the stomach, in the conjunctive
tissue of the lungs purple amorphous sediments, positive by the Koss’ reaction, is determined.
What pathological process developed in the viscera of the sick?
+ metastatic calcification
- dystrophic calcification
- metabolic calcification
- amiloidosis
- hyalinosis
?
The sick suffered of the bipartite involvement of the adrenal glands. Dark brown staining of
coverlet appeared, during the histochemical study of the skin Perl’s reaction is negative. What
pigment caused the change of skin colour?
+ melanin
- hemosiderin
- porphyrin
- lipofuscin
- biliverdin
?
An emaciated sick, who died of the gullet cancer, atrophy of the liver, heart, disappearance of
fatty tissue had, found on the postmortem examination. At the same time in cytoplasm of
cardyomiocytes, while histological examination of putrid material, there are, not far from
nuclei, sediments of brown-yellow granules and blocks, which do not give positive Perl’s
reaction. What substance is it?
+ lipofuscin
- melanin
- hemosiderin
- ferrigin
- homomelanin
?
While postmortal examination of a man, 55 years old, who suffered of chronic form of
tropical malaria for last 8 years, it was found that brain’s grey matter and spleen are of
scaly-grey colour. What pigment determined such colouring?
+ malarial pigment
- hematoporphyrin
- lipofuscin
- melanin
- hemosiderin
?
A man suffered inter vivos of multiple bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis with pronounced
symptoms of cachexy, on the postmortal examination heart is reduced; sides became
thinner, of slack consistence, on the section tissue is of brown colour. The deposition of
what pigment is observed in myocardium?
+ lipofuscin
- hemosiderin
- hematoidin
- ceroid
- lipochromes
?
1
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In the piece of skin, 1x2 cm, which was delivered for histological examination, a new
growth of brown colour 0,5cm in diameter, was found. Microscopically the growth consists
of nevus cells in the form of bands and nests, which are situated in the corium, with brown
pigment in cytoplasm, which gives the negative Perl’s reaction. What pigment is the most
likely to be?
+ melanin
- hematoidin
- hemosiderin
- bilirubin
- malaria pigment
?
A man 34 years old, with adrenal gland tuberculosis skin on the postmortal examination is
of grey-brown colour, blood arterial pressure (inter vivos) was lowered, adynamy and
reduction of the level of 17-oxycortiroids in urine and blood plasma were observed.
Disturbance of what pigment determined symptoms the sick had?
+ melanin
- bilirubin
- lipofuscin
- lipochrome
- malaria pigment
?
A patient had had syphilis many years ago, which he didn’t treated. While operation
surgeon in the lower edge of liver saw clear-cut, pale-yellow slack area and resected it.
While microscopical examination pathologist saw, that this are is presented by dryish
unstructured paste-like yellow-white mass. He decided it is:
+ caseous necrosis
- infarction
- wax-like necrosis
- fibrinous necrosis
- steatonecrosis
?
The sick of subacute septic endocarditis while examination the doctor noticed general
paleness and icteriousness of scleras and visible mucous tunics. In blood it was found an
increased level of indirect bilirubin. Yellow skin, sclera and mucous tunic colouration is the
manifestation of:
+ adrenal jaundice
- fatty degeneration
- hemosiderosis
- hepatic jaundice
- subhepatic jaundice
?
In the mucus of the sick with mitral heart insufficiency cells with brown pigment were
found. Perl’s reaction is positive. What pigment is this?
+ hemosiderin
- hematoidin
- melanin
- porphyrin
- bilirubin
?
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On the post mortal examination of the sick, 65 years old, which died of chronic impaired
cardial function in the result of rheumatic heart disease; lungs are brown, enlarged, and
dense. How are such lungs changes called?
+ brown lungs induration
- nutmeg lungs
- honeycomb lungs
- chronic bronchitis
- chronic emphysema
?
The sick suffered of malaria. While post mortal examination there are: pronounced
icteritiousness of skin, sclera and mucous tunics. Spleen is enlarged, of flaky-grey colour.
Flaky grey colour of spleen is determined by:
+ malaria pigment
- hemosiderin
- lipofuscin
- melanin
- hemoporphyrin
?
On the postmortal examination of the man, who died of chroniosepsis atrophy of skeletal
muscles and brown atrophy of liver myocardium were revealed. Exchange violation of
what pigment had the dead?
+ lipofuscin
- lipochrome
- hemosiderin
- malaria pigment
- melanin
?
A man suffered of hemoblastosis for a long time. On the postmortal examination it was
revealed that marrow, spleen, liver, glands are brown. Histochemical reaction of Pearls was
made. It was determined, that reticular endothelial elements of these organs contain dark
blue granules. What pigment was found using this reaction?
+ hemosiderin
- bilirubin
- hematin
- hematoidin
- hematoporphyrin
?
The sick had an acute stomach ulcer, which complicated by stomach hemorrhage. Vomit
masses are of dark brown colour, which are described as “coffee-grounds vomiting”. Existence
of what pigment in vomiting determined such coloration?
+ muriatic hematin
- haemoglobin
- bilirubin
- malaria pigment
- iron sulphide
?
By the sick, which suffered of secondary syphilis, focuses of skin depigmentation in upper part
of back appeared. Name the pathological process in skin.
+ leukoderma
- metaplasia
- leukoplakia
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- dysplasia
- parakeratosis
?
By the sick of stomach ulcer with hemorrhage while endoscopy in the stomach a liquid of
coffee-grounds colour was found. What pigment determined such colour of stomach contents?
+ muriatic hematin
- hemosiderin
- bilirubin
- ferritin
- porphyrin
?
A woman, who was brought to the hospital after a bite of Levantine viper (poisonous snake)
intravascular hemolysis is sharply pronounced. On the postmortal examination spleen,
marrow and glands had brown coloration. While microscopical examination in cytoplasm of
macrophages it was found plenty of brown pigment. What pigment accumulated in tissues?
+ hemosiderin
- hematoidin
- hematin
- lipofuscin
- bilirubin
?
On the postmortal examination of woman’s corps, 63 years old, who suffered of rheumatism
and combined mitral disease, cusps of mitral valve are sharply thickened, adnated, of rocky
thickness, while dissection crunch is evident. What pathological process determined rocky
thickness?
+ dystrophic calcification
- metastatic calcification
- metabolic calcification
- fibrinoidosis
- amyloidosis
?
The sick with insufficiency of mitral valve coughing, got phlegm of rusty colour. What pigment
determined such colour of phlegm?
+ hemosiderin
- melanin
- haemoglobin
- malaria pigment
- sulfur iron
?
In case of typhoid necrotic aggregated glands of small intestine are coloured in yellow-brown
colour. What pigment impregnates necrotic tissue?
+ bilirubin
- haemoglobin
- lipofuscin
- indole
- melanin
?
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?
While corps examination it was noticed: turbid cornea, dry skin integument with yellow-
brownish spots of parchment-like look. Indicate the kind of postmortal changes.
+ putrid drying out
- redistribution of blood;
- livores mortis;
- putrid stiffness
- putrid cooling off
?
A man, 60 years old, who suffered of pancreatic diabetes for a long time, consulted the
surgeon. The tissues of the right foot were black, dense, with clear edges. What diagnosed the
surgeon?
+ dry gangrene
- humid gangrene
- gas gangrene
- bedsore
- trophic ulcer
?
While electronical-microscopical examination of salivary gland fragments of the cell,
surrounded by membrane and consisting condensed particles of nucleus substance and single
organelles, were found; inflammatory reaction directly near these cells was not observed.
Name the described process.
+ apoptosis
- karyorrhexis
- coagulation necrosis
- karyorpicnosis
- karyorlisis
?
The girl, 6 years old had had measles. The doctor, while examining, in the soft tissues of
cheeks found indistinctly delimited, edematic, red-black areas. Name the measles
complications:
+ humid gangrene
- dry gangrene
- gas gangrene
- bedsore
- trophic ulcer
?
While corps-examination of the woman who died of metastatic spread of mucous
cystodenocarcinom and for a long time had forced position in bed, large areas of skin and
liable soft tissues of sacral region necrosis were found. Diagnose the form of necrosis.
+ bedsore
- infarction
- sequestration
- caseous necrosis
- Zenker's necrosis
?
The child had had measles. While examination in soft tissues of cheeks and perineum
indistinctly delimited, dropsical, of red-black colour areas, which are slightly fluctuating,
are found. What complication has the child?
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+ humid gangrene
- dry gangrene
- gas gangrene
- bedsore
- trophic ulcer
?
While examination of the newborn the defect in the area of hard palate in the form of cavity
is developed. Due to what process is it developed?
+ abnormality of apoptosis
- atrophy
- necrosis
- dystrophy
- inflammation
?
While electronic-microscopical examination of the cell it was found that she died of
necrosis, but not of apoptosis, because for necrosis it is typical:
+ diffuse localization of chromatin in the cell
- phagocytosis of apoptosis bodies
- no inflammatory reaction
- preservation of organella integrity
- splitting of DNA
?
The sick, 70 years old, with atherosclerosis, felt pain in the left foot. The sick did not consult
the doctor. While checking-up the foot is enlarged, tissues are slack, of black colour,
macerated. Demarcation zone is not evident. Diagnose the pathological process:
+ humid gangrene
- mummification
- coagulation necrosis
- sequestration
?
An examiner while microscopical and electronic-microscopical examination of liver paid
attention that some separately situated cells disintegrated in small fragments, surrounded
by membrane. In some of them there are organelles, others include fragments of
disintegrated nucleus. There is no inflammatory reaction around. He thought that such
changes are the manifestation of:
+ apoptosis
- atrophy
- necrosis
- hypoplasia
- degeneration
?
On the postmortal a man, 70 years old, who suffered of atherosclerosis, it was found that in
subcortical zone of the left hemisphere there is an area of irregular form 6x5cm in size,
slack, unstructured, grey, with outlining cavity in the centre. About what outcome of the
process testify such changes in cerebral?
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+ aseptic resorption
- organization
- septic disintegration
- encapsulation
- petrifaction
?
A woman, 50 years old, who suffered of essential heart hypertension, developed a long
paroxysm of pain in the chest, on the EKG infarction of myocardium was diagnosed. The
sick died. On the postmortal examination the doctor noticed slack consistence, uneven
blood volume of myocardium, and histologically and histochemically found disappearance
of glycogen granules, reduction of oxidizing-restorative ferments. What stage of infarction
is it?
-+ ischemic
- necrotic
- organization
- repeated
- acute recurrent
?
While postmortal examination in the upper lobule of the right lung large wedge-shaped
area of dark-red dense tissue was found. While histological examination there was found a
necrosis of alveoli’s walls, gleam of alveoli is densely filled by erythrocytes. What process
developed in lungs?
+ hemorrhagic pulmonary infarction
- lungs carnification
- lungs gangrene
- hemorrhage in lung
- pulmonary collapse
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead, 48 years old, lumen obturation of medial
cerebral artery by thrombus was found. In parietotemporal of left cerebral hemisphere
there is a focus of pappy grey consistence. Most probably it is:
+ infarction
- sequestration
- gangrene
- caseous necrosis
- fibrinoid necrosis
?
A man, 38 years old, suddenly died, on the post mortal examination in the posterior wall of
heart left ventricle there was myocardial infarction. What most probable changes in
myocardiocytes building can be seen microscopically in the nidus of infarction?
+ carrhyolisis
- fatty degeneration
- carbohydrate degeneration
- calcification
- albuminous degeneration
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?
While post mortal examination of the dead, who died of typhoid, it was found that the
muscles of front abdominal wall and hip are dense, friable, whitish-yellow, look like stearic
candle. Change described in the muscles is the demonstration of:
+ Zenker’s necrosis
- fibrinoid necrosis
- caseous necrosis
- colliquative necrosis
?
The sick suffered of intermittent claufication for a long time; tissues of toes are dry and
black, look like mummy. On the short haul from black area there is two-coloured line (black
colour is adjacent to practically unchanged tissues, and white-yellow colour – to changed
one). What kind of necrosis has the sick?
+ gangrene
- infarction
- sequestration
- bedsore
- maceration
?
The sick, 77 years old, with incarcerated inguinal hernia while laparotomy intensine wall is
of cyanotic colour, overblown, dropsical, covered with fibrin threads, peristalsis is not
ausculated. What pathological process developed in intensine wall in the result of parietal
inguinal hernia?
+ humid gangrene
- dry gangrene
- coagulation necrosis
- colliquative necrosis
- bedsore
?
While microscopical examination of liver tissue it was revealed that some cells disintegrated
into small fragments with separate organelles and remains of nucleus, encircled by
membrane. There is no inflammatory reaction. Choose the pathological process to which
changes described are typical:
+ apoptosis
- necrosis
- karyorhexis
- plasmolysis
- plasmorhexis
?
The bed-patient had insufficiency of blood circulation, he became immobile after having had a
stroke. His skin and soft tissues above the sacrum became black and swollen, after epidermis
rejection in black tissues ulcers opened. What process developed?
+ bedsores
- dry gangrene
- phlegmon
- infarction
- abscess
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?
While postmortal examination it was found, that the dead had a thrombosis of the left medial
cerebral artery and a big focus of grey tissues softening of the left brain hemisphere. What
pathological process developed in the brain?
+ ischemic infarction
- coagulation necrosis
- abscess
- humid gangrene
- sequestration
?
On the postmortal examination, 57 years, who died of typhus, it was revealed that muscles of
front abdominal wall and of hips are dense, of white-yellow colour, look like stearic candle.
Demonstration of what pathological process are these muscle changes?
- Zenker’s necrosis
- apoptosis
- fibrinoid necrosis
- colliquative necrosis
- caseous necrosis
?
The sick suffered of pancreatic diabetes. Sharp pain in the right foot appeared. While
examination big toe is black, foot tissues are dropsical, there are areas of epidermis
exfoliation, secretion with odor nuisance. What clinicopathologic form of necrosis had the
sick?
- humid gangrene
- bedsore
- sequestration
- dry gangrene
- infarction
?
The sick, 70 years old, was operated apropos of acute abdomen. While operation about 80cm
of ileum of black colour was revealed; peritoneum is dull, gleam of upper mesenteric artery is
obturated by thrombus. What process developed in the intestine?
- gangrene
- bedsore
- белый инфаркт
- white infarction with hemorrhagic crown
- coagulation necrosis
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?
On the postmortal examination of the dead in the subcortical nucleus of the right brain hemisphere
one can see a cavity of irregular form 5x35cm, filled with red grumes and mouldered tissue of brain.
Name the pathology, which developed in the brain:
+ haematoma
- hemorrhage impregnation
- ischemic infarction
- cyst
- abscess
?
The sick suffered of cirrhosis. After the excision from the abdominal cavity 10liters of ascetic fluid,
collapse and hyperemia of peritoneum developed. Determine the type of arterial hyperemia of
peritoneum.
+ hyperemia after anemia
- inflammatory hyperemia
- vacate hyperemia
- collateral hyperemia
- hyperemia in the result of blood shunting
?
While postmortal examination of the dead, who suffered of essential hypertension, in the substance of
cerebral it was found a cavity, walls of which are of rusty colour. What preceded the appearance of
such changes?
+ haematoma
- diapedetic hemorrhages
- ischemic infarction
- plasmorrhagin
- abscess
?
The sick, who suffered for a long time of rheumatism, stenosis of left antrioventricular opening was
found, death became as a result of cardiopulmonary decompensation. On the postmortal examination
brown lungs induration was found. Name by what circulation of blood disturbance such changes in
lungs appear?
+ chronic insufficiency of heart left ventricle
- chronic insufficiency of heart right ventricle
- acute insufficiency of heart left ventricle
- acute insufficiency of heart right ventricle
- portal hypertension
?
The sick, who suffered of ischemic heart disease and had had repeated myocardium infarction, died by
the phenomenon of progressive impaired cardial function. On the postmortal examination enlarged
dense spleen was found, of dark red colour on the section. While microscopical examination of the
organ sclerosis of pulp and atrophy of follicles were revealed.
+ cyanotic induration of spleen
- sago spleen
- lardaceous spleen
- purple spleen
- septic splenitis
?
The sick, 70 years old, who suffered of pancreatic diabetes and had had infarction of myocardium, died
with the phenomena of progressive impaired cardial function. On the postmortal examination spleen
and kidneys cyanotic induration, brown lungs induration and nutmeg liver were revealed. What kind
of circulation of blood disturbance determined viscera changes?
+ general chronic venous hyperemia
- general acute venous hyperemia
- general arterial hyperemia after anemia
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- arterial ischemia in the result of blood redistribution
- local chronic venous hyperemia
?
On the postmortal examination in the occipital zone of cerebrum a cavity 2,5x1,5cm, filled with the
transparent liquid, with smooth brownish walls, was found. What process developed in the cerebral?
+ cyst on the place of hemorrhage
- grey encephalomalacia
- brain abscess
- heart of cerebrum development
- cyst on the place of grey encephalomalacia
?
A man suffered inter vivos of mitral stenosis. While postmortal examination dense lungs of brown
colour were found. What pathological process is it?
+ hemosiderosis
- hemochromatosis
- jaundice
- iron storage disease
- lipofuscinosis
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead it was revealed, that liver is increased, dense, edges are
orbed, on the section tissue is yellow-brownish with dark brown spots and stripes, which remains of
nutmeg pattern. What pathological process is the basis of such liver changes?
+ chronic venous plethora
- острое venous plethora
- arterial plethora
- arterial anemia
- chronic hemorrhage
?
The sick, 46 years old suffered of rheumatic heart disease – stenosis of the left atrioventricular
opening. Short breath after not many physical exercises, heart beating, cyanosis of the lips, rales in the
lower lobules of lungs, edemas on the lower extremities can be noticed. What histological changes will
be characteristic for the liver?
+ hepatocytes necrosis in the centre of lobule, fatty degeneration on the periphery
- hepatocytes necrosis in the centre of lobule, hyaline degeneration on the periphery
- hepatocytes necrosis in the centre of lobule, hydropic degeneration on the periphery
- fatty degeneration of hepatocytes in the centre of lobule, necrosis on the periphery.
- hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes in the centre of lobule, necrosis on the periphery.
?
The sick, 44 years old with myocardium infarction died of left ventricle insufficiency. While postmortal
examination it was found: emphysema, hemorrhages with small focuses in serous and mucous tunics.
Microscopically: dystrophic and necrobiotic epithelium changes of proximal tubules of kidneys, in the
liver there are centrolobular hemorrhages and focuses of necrosis. What kind of circulation of blood
disturbance is the most trustworthy?
+ acute general venous plethora
- arterial hyperemia
- chronic general venous plethora
- acute anemia
- chronic anemia
?
While postmortal examination of the dead man, 73 ears old, which suffered for a long time of ischemic
heart disease with heart insufficiency it was found nutmeg liver, brown lungs induration, cyanotic
kidneys and liver induration. Point, what type of circulation of blood disturbance is the most
trustworthy?
+ chronic general venous plethora
- arterial hyperemia
- acute general venous plethora
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- acute anemia
- chronic anemia
?
After having had a hemorrhage stroke the sick began to suffer of brain cyst. Two years later he died of
postinfluenzal pneumonia. On the corps section in brain it was found a cyst with walls of light-rusty
colour, Perl’s reaction is positive. What process is the most trustworthy in the cyst wall?
+ local hemosiderosis
- общий hemosiderosis
- local iron storage disease
- bilirubin infiltration
- primary hemochromatosis
?
The sick, who died of rapid cardiac arrest, had had symmetric type of obesity of the 3d degree, rupture
of right ventricle wall by hemopericardium; under epicardium there is an excessive fat accumulation.
Microscopically: fat tissue from epicardium penetrates into myocardium with atrophy of muscle fibers.
Point, what pathological process is the most trustworthy?
+ ordinary heart obesity
- fatty degeneration of myocardium
- ischemic heart disease
- essential heart hypertension
- acute myocardium infarction
?
The sick of declining years got an acute stroke with state of coma and fatal outcome. While postmortal
examination in the right cerebral hemisphere it was found a large cavity, fool of blood. What
pathological process was found in the cerebral?
+ haematoma
- hemorrhage seepage
- cerebral infarction
- diapedetic hemorrhage
- cerebral tumour
?
The sick with the humerus fracture was applied by plaster. Two hours later hand and visible part of
forearm became cyanotic, cold and dropsical. What circulation of blood disturbance had happened?
+ local venous plethora
- local arterial plethora
- local anemia
- stasis
- thrombosis
?
The sick, 24 years old, suffered of rheumatism from childhood, mitral stenocosis was diagnosed
clinically. During last years episodes of cardiovascular collapse were often happening, almost
permanent coughing with rusty phlegm. Name probable changes in lungs:
+ brown lungs thickening
- emphysema of lungs
- pulmonary collapse
- pulmonary fibrosis
- bronchiectasis
?
The sick, whom 10liters of ascetic liquid from abdominal cavity quickly removed, suddenly lost
consciousness. What was the reason of this phenomenon?
+ cerebral anemia
- thrombosis of cerebral arteries
- hemorrhage to the cerebral
- vacate hyperemia
- thrombosis of cerebral veins
?
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While emotionally intensive work a young man suddenly died. On the postmortal examination it was
revealed an irregular blood volume of myocardium. Histochemically: reduction of glycogen contents.
Electronic-microscopically: destruction of mitochondrion, contraction of myofibrils. Point the most
probable type of blood circulation disturbance:
+ acute ischemia
- chronic ischemia
- vacate arterial hyperemia
- acute venous hyperemia
- angioneurotic arterial hyperemia
?
The sick died with the symptoms of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. Results of postmortal examination:
postinfarction cardiosclerosis, myocardium hypertrophy and dilatation of his cavities, especially its
right ventricle. Liver is enlarged, with smooth surface, plethoric on the section, with dark-red spots on
the brown background of tissue. Histologically: plethora of central parts of lobules; in periphery parts
around portal tracts – hepatocytes in the state of fatty degeneration. How are such liver changes
called?
+ nutmeg liver (chronic venous plethora)
- false-nutmeg liver
- amiloidosis
- cirrhosis
- liver steatosis
?
While microscopical examination of liver it was revealed: venous plethora of the lobules centre,
degeneration, and atrophy of hepatocytes in focuses of passive venous congestion, fatty degeneration
hepatocytes along the periphery of lobule with presence of excrescence of conjunctive tissue in the
places of hepatocytes atrophy. What pathological process is this?
+ nutmeg liver with precirrhosis changes
- billiary cirrhosis
- hepatitis
- fatty hepatosis
- toxic liver degeneration
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead with chronic cardiopulmonary insufficiency enlarged
many-coloured liver, coloured as nutmeg on the section. Name the type of blood circulation
disturbance.
+ general venous plethora
- general arterial plethora
- anemia
- hemorrhage
- bleeding
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?
On the autopsy of the sick, who died in the result of ethylene glycol poisoning, kidneys are
enlarged, dropsical, their capsule is taken off very easily, cortical substance is wide, pale-grey,
medullary substance is dark-red. What kidneys pathology had the sick?
+ necrotic nephrosis
- acute pyelonephritis
- acute glomerulonephritis
- acute tubule-interstitial nephritis
- lipoid nephrosis
?
The sick, 75 years old, suffered of atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels for a long time. On the
autopsy in the right sincipital-temporal area of cerebral it was found a focus of irregular form,
slack and of grey colour. What is the most trustworthy reason of this process’ development?
+ thrombosis of the right medial cerebral artery
- thrombosis of the anterior cerebral artery
- thrombosis basilar artery
- thrombosis of the right medial cerebral artery
- thrombosis of the pia mater of brain vessel
?
The sick, 42 years old, suffered of the heavy form of the typhoid, an acute form of renal
insufficiency developed, in the result of which he died. While autopsy kidneys are increased,
dropsy, fibrous capsule takes off easily; on the section kidney cortex is pale grey, pyramids are
dark red. While histological examination in the majority of tubules gleam is pared-down,
epithelial cells are enlarged and without nucleus; glomerules are dissipated; in the stroma
there is an edema, small leukocytic seepage, small hemorrhagin. What kidneys pathology is it
all about?
+ necronephrosis
- acute pyelonephritis
- acute glomerulonephritis
- pyonephrosis
- hydronephrosis
?
By the pilot, who died of the plane cabin depressurization, while histological examination of
viscera in the vessels it was found a lot of vials, in the liver – fatty degeneration. In the
cerebral and spinal cord there were a lot of small ischemic focuses of grey encephalomalacia.
Point the most probable reason of such changes.
+ gas embolism
- air embolism
- fat embolism
- thromboembolism
- tissue embolism
?
The sick, 29 years old, with the diagnosis of multi-fragmental fracture of the right hip, on the
third twenty-four hours after getting the trauma complaints on the pain in the thoracic cavity
on the right, heavy breathing, appeared. After 24 hours on the basis of progressive
cardiopulmonary insufficiency the patient died. While histological examination in the blood
vessels of the lungs and cerebral orange sudanofile drops were found, which completely
closed the gleam of the vessels of microcircular channel. With what complication does this
death connected?
+ fat embolism
- gas embolism
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- medicamental embolism
- microbe embolism
- thromboembolism
?
The sick, 65 years old, who suffers of thrombophlebitis of shin deep veins, suddenly died in
the polyclinics, in the queue to the doctor’s cabinet. On the postmortal examination common
trunk and bifurcation of pulmonary artery freely lying red friable masses with dull corrugated
surface were found. What pathological process in легочная артерия found the pathologist?
+ thromboembolism
- thrombosis
- tissue embolism
- embolism of foreign bodies
- fat embolism
?
The sick, 65 years old, who suffered of atherosclerosis, was hospitalized to the surgical
department with purulent peritonitis. While operation thrombosis of mesenteric arteries was
diagnosed. What is the most probable reason of peritonitis?
+ hemorrhage infarction
- angiospastic ischemia
- ischemic infarction
- stasis
- compression ischemia
?
While microscopical examination of umbilical vein of the newborn baby, who died of
intoxication, it was found, that wall of the vessel is with diffusive inflammatory infiltration, in
the gleam of it there is obturating clot of blood with numerous neutrophilic leukocytes with
synonyms of carrhyorhexis и bacterial colonies. What outcome of thrombosis is the most
trustworthy?
+ septic autolysis
- aseptic autolysis
- organization and canalization of thrombosis
- transformation into thromboembol
- thrombus petrifaction
?
A man with decompression sickness died with symptoms of acute stroke in the pool meningea
media of the left brain hemisphere. On the postmortal examination it was found a focus of
grey encephalomalacia in brain of the area 6x7x3,4cm. Define the process character, which
was the cause of man’s death.
+ gas embolism
- fat embolism
- thrombosis
- thromboembolism
- vessels atherosclerosis
?
The sick, after open fracture of clavicle suddenly died. While early postmortal examination in
the right ventricle of the heart and lungs arteries foamy blood was found. What was the cause
of death?
+ air embolism
- bacterial embolism
- hemorrhage
- tissue embolism
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- fat embolism
?
While microscopical examination of the blood clot, which was found in the gleam of femoral
artery, pathologist saw irregularly alternating accumulation of fibrin and destroyed formal
blood elements, connection with intima, full closing of artery gleam. What is it?
+ mixed thrombus
- posthumous clot of blood
- thromboembol
- hyaline thrombus
- red thrombus
?
If the sick has purulent otitis and thrombosis of sigmoidal sinus of dura mater of brain, tearing
off a part of thrombosis may cause the development of:
+ thromboembolism of pulmonary artery branches
- thromboembolism of cerebrum vessels with development of grey encephalomalacia
- thromboembolism of retina vessels and development of blindness
- thromboembolism of coronary arteries
- local anemia
?
The sick, 55 years old, was operated apropos of acute appendicitis. On the 5th 24-hours,
getting up from the bed, he felt shortage of air, sharp cyanosis of the face developed, he lost
consciousness. After unsuccessful reanimation he died. On the postmortal examination
thromboembolism of pulmonary column was found. What was the most probable source of
thromboembolism?
+ thrombosis of lower extremities veins
- thrombosis of portal vein
- thrombosis of mesenteric vein
- thrombosis in left ventricle of heart
- spherical auricle thrombus
?
While postmortal examination of the dead, who suffered of atherosclerosis, in the cerebral it
was found a thrombosis of branches of internal carotid artery and grey focus of humid
malacia of tissue. What pathological process was found in the cerebral?
+ ischemic infarction
- hemorrhage seepage
- haemotoma
- encephalitis
- cerebral swelling
?
While postmortal examination in the upper lobule of the right lung large wedge-shaped dark-
red area of dense tissue was found. While histological examination it was found in it necrosis
of alveoli walls, alveoli gleam is densely filled with erythrocytes. What process developed in
lungs?
+ hemorrhage lungs infarction
- lungs carnification
- pulmonary gangrene
- pulmonary hemorrhage
- pulmonary collapse
?
While traffic accident a driver got an injury in the neck by a piece of broken glass. Bleeding
was not hard, but in few minutes the injured died of acute asphyxia. While postmortal
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examination of the heart in the pericardium cavity filled by water vesicles were excreting.
Point the probable pathological diagnosis?
+ air embolism
- gas embolism
- fat embolism
- thromboembolism
- embolism of foreign bodies
?
On the postmortal examination of the sick after abdominal operation in the veins of small
pelvis numerous clots of blood were found. Clinically thromboembolic syndrome was noticed.
Where else one should search them?
+ lungs arteries
- portal vein
- left heart ventricle
- cerebral
- veins of lower extremities
?
On the section numerous hemorrhage infarctions of lungs were found, in some lungs vessels
dense brown masses, not fastened to the walls of vessels, could be found, varicose veins of
lower extremities, where there are clots of blood. What pathological process is it?
+ thromboembolism of lung artery vessels
- fatty embolism of lung artery vessels
- tissue embolism of lung artery vessels
- congesive thrombosis of lung artery vessels
- hemorrhage bronchopneumonia
?
The note in the act of medical examiner about corps’ examination, who had blunt trauma of
both kidneys, after trauma of which acute renal insufficiency was found: “In the both ureters
red clots of blood 10cm in length, which obdurated space of ureters, were found”. The director
of medical bureau read but didn’t agree with this note. He decided:
+ There can not be clots of blood in ureters
- There can be only white clots of blood in ureters
- These are thromboembols
- clots of blood in ureters can not be obturating
- There can be in ureters only mixed thrombs
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The sick, 39 years old, within the process of suppurative pulpitis treatment, infiltration
anesthesia by the solution of ultracain with adrenalin was made. After that rapid reddening,
edema of skin with vesicles, itch appeared. What type of hypersensitivity had the sick?
+ anaphylactic
- cytotoxic
- immunocomplex injury
- hypersensitivity of delayed type
- reaction of transplantation immunity
- normergic reaction
- granulomatosis
?
The sick has chronic hydrotrophic gingivitis, formation of dentogingival recess, filled by
purulent effluent. While X-raying was found bone tissue resorption of lunula walls. What
illness is this?
+ parodontitis
- acute purulent parodontitis
- chronic parodontitis
- fibrous dysplasia
- periostitis
?
A child, 4 years old, complained of pain in throat while swallowing and feeling bad. While
examination in throat and tonsils on the background of moderate edema and hyperemia
grey-whitish filmy impositions, 1mm thick, densely connected with subjecting tissues, are
found. What pathological process such changes show?
+ inflammation
- degeneration
- necrosis
- metaplasia
- organization
?
On the postmortal examination of man, who died of meningitis, pia mater of brain is
thickened, sharply plethoric, dropsical, impregnated by green-yellow exudation. What type
of inflammation is this?
+ purulent
- serous
- fibrinogenous-croupous
- fibrinogenous-dyphtheric
- hemorrhagic
?
A man complaints of itch and reddening of the skin in the area of cheek, which appeared
after shaving. Objectively: in the area of hyperemic cheek skin vesicles, filled by transparent
liquid, are found. Of what character is the liquid in vesicles?
+ serous exudation
- transudation
- purulent exudation
- mucous exudation
- hemorrhagic exudation
?
To the experimental animal, after sensitizing made earlier, antigen dose was injected
hypodermically. In the place of injection developed fibrous inflammation with alteration of
walls of vessels, basic substance and fibrous structures of conjunctive tissue in the form of
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mucous and fibrinogenous swelling, fibrinogenous necrosis. What immunological reaction is
it?
+ hypersensibility of immediate type
- hypersensibility of delayed type
- reaction of transplantational immunity
- normergic reaction
- granulomatosis
?
The illness of the child began with catching a cold and feeling unwell. High temperature,
headache, sickness, vomiting appeared. The child was hospitalized to the isolation
department, but in two days, in spite of treatment, he died. On the postmortal examination it
was found: pia mater of brain is sharply thickened, dull, dropsical, plethoric, of yellow-
greenish colour, cerebral is with pronounced edema, incarceration of trunk in big occipital
opening. What type of exudation inflammation developed in the arachnoid membranes?
+ purulent
- catarrhal
- hemorrhagic
- fibrinous
- serous
?
While histological examination of the sick’s lungs, who died of cardial insufficiency
inflammation focuses with alveoli filled by pale-rosy liquid were found, here and there with
thin rosy threads, making small-looped net with not many lymphocytes. What is the
character of exudation in lungs?
+ serous-fibrous
- hemorrhagic
- serous purulent
- fibrinous
?
While examination of the corps with cancerous growth of stomach, who died of cancer
intoxication, in back lower lobules of lungs dense grey-red focuses of irregular form were
found, which tower above the surface of the section. Microscopically by that in the gleam,
walls of small bronchial tubes and alveoli one can see an exudation, in which there are a lot
of neutrophils. What disease had the dead?
+ acute purulent pneumonia
- acute bronchitis
- crupous pneumonia
- intermediate pneumonia
- acute serous bronchopneumonia
?
While postmortal examination of man’s corps, who died of cancer intoxication, while
microscopical examination the wall of stomach is thickened to 1,2cm, mucous tunic is
immobile, rugosity is not pronounced. On the section it is homogeneous, whitish, chondroid.
For what microscopical type of swelling such changes are typical?
+ seepage
- node
- ulcer
- ulcer-infiltrational
- cyst
?
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A woman, 34 years old, after unsafely using an iron, got a sharp pain, reddening,
intumescences on the right forefinger. After a few minutes, a bubble appeared, filled by a
transparent liquid of thatch-yellow colour.
Manifestation of what pathological process are such changes?
+ exudative inflammation
- traumatic edema
- alternative inflammation
- proliferate inflammation
- vacuole degeneration
?
The sick, 34 years old, consulted the doctor complaining on local pain in occipital zone, rising
temperature in this area. Microscopically there is a conic red-cyanotic infiltration with
yellow-greenish topping, which rises above the skin. Diagnose such disease.
+ furuncle
- phlegmon
- abscess
- carbuncle
- empyema
?
A girl, 5 years old, caught diphtheria. On the third 24-hours she died of asphyxia in the result
of croup. On the postmortal examination it was found that a mucous tunic of throat, trachea
and bronchial tubes is thickened, dropsical, covered with grayish pellicles, which easily can
be separated. About what pathological process testify such morphological changes in throat?
+ croupous inflammation
- serous inflammation
- purulent inflammation
- dyphtheric inflammation
- catarrhal inflammation
?
The dead of transmural infarction of myocardium on the postmortal examination had on the
surface of pericardium: thread-like white-brown depositions, which connect parietal and
visceral leaves of pericardium. Point the type of inflammation in pericardium:
+ crupous inflammation
- dyphtheric inflammation
- serous inflammation
- purulent inflammation
- granulematous inflammation
?
On the mucous tunic of the glands and soft palate grey-white pellicles can be seen, which are
densely connected with subjecting tissue, while attempting to take the pellicle off on its
place appears deep tissue defect. Define the pathological process, which appeared on the
mucous tunic of the glands and soft palate:
+ diphtheric inflammation
- serous inflammation
- crupous inflammation
- purulent inflammation
- mixed inflammation
?
While postmortal examination of the man, 28 years old, who suffered of acute
glomerulonephritis and died with symptoms of progressive uremia, on the pericardium
surface, visceral and parietal leaves of pleura, abdominal cavity thickening in form of white
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threads could be seen, which easily separated from subjecting tissue. Point the kind of
inflammation in серозных оболочках.
+ crupous fibrinous inflammation
- dyphtheric fibrinous inflammation
- purulent inflammation
- diffusive proliferative inflammation
- serous inflammation
?
On the postmortal examination it was found, that the whole right lung is enlarged, dense, on
the section tissue is grey, and turbid liquid is exuding from it. For what lungs disease are
such symptoms typical?
+ crupous pneumonia
- furnace pneumonia
- interstitial pneumonia
- lungs gangrene
- fibrosing alveolitis
?
The sick, 43 years old, has a scald, got in fire, on the right hand. On the palm on the backside
appeared epidermis exfoliation and formation of bubble, filled by not quite clear liquid. What
the most probable inflammation has the sick?
+ serous
- purulent
- catarrhal
- putrid
- fibrinous
?
While examination of the sick’s throat, who suffered of angina, hyperemia of palate mucous
tunic, tonsils are enlarged, red, on their surface there are small white-yellow focuses. What
clinical-morphological type of angina is the most probable in this case?
+ lacunar
- catarrhal
- purulent
- fibrinous
- necrotic
?
A child, 7 years old, became sharply ill with temperature rising to 38°C, caught a cold,
coughing, epiphora and large spots rash on the skin. Mucous tunic of the throat is dropsical,
hyperemic, with whitish spots in the cheeks area. What inflammation is in the basis of these
changes?
+ catarrhal
- purulent
- fibrinous
- hemorrhage
- serous
?
A child was delivered to the medical reception in the condition of asphyxia. While throat
examination whitish pellicles obturating the gleam, which could be easily separated, were
found. The doctor suspected diphtheria. What form of throat inflammation is it?
+ crupous inflammation
- catarrhal inflammation
- dyphtheric inflammation
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- serous inflammation
- purulent inflammation
?
While postmortal examination of the dead pathologist revealed that pia mater of brain are
plethoric, thickened, non-transparent, of yellow-whitish colour. For what form of exudative
inflammation are such changes in pia mater of brain typical?
+ purulent
- serous
- hemorrhagic
- fibrinous
- catarrhal
?
On the sick’s skin, after having had a thermic burn, formed painful bubbles, filled by not
quite clear liquid. What morphological form of inflammation has the sick?
+ serous
- productive
- crupous
- granulematous
- dyphtheric
?
The sick of peritonitis, in the abdominal cavity has 200ml of viscous green-yellow liquid.
Name the form of exudative inflammation:
+ purulent
- serous
- fibrinous
- hemorrhagic
- putrid
?
The child’s temperature arouse, pain while swallowing appeared. While the palate’s
examination glands are enlarged, dark-red, covered with grey-yellow pellicles, densely
connected with glands’ surface. What inflammation developed in the glands?
+ dyphtheric
- crupous
- hemorrhagic
- purulent
- catarrhal
?
While appendix examination diffusive leukocytic infiltration of all layers of the wall is
observed. Name the type of the appendix:
+ acute phlegmonous
- acute ordinary
- necrotic
- acute superficial
- gangrenous
?
On the postmortal examination it was found, that left lung is enlarged, dense, on the visceral
pleura there are impositions of fibrin, on the section it is grey, from its surface not clear
grey-yellow liquid flows down. What disease is it?
+ crupous pneumonia
- furnace pneumonia
- interstitial pneumonia
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- pulmonary cancer
- bronchiectatic disease
?
A woman, after supercooling felt shivery, got high temperature, coughing, acute pain in
breast when breathing. She died on the 5 th day. On the postmortal examination lower lobule
of the right lung is enlarged, dense, grey on the section with grainy surface, on the pleura
there are grey pellicle impositions. What disease is this?
+ crupous pneumonia
- influenza pneumonia
- bronchial pneumonia
- caseous pneumonia
- measles pneumonia
?
While postmortal examination of the sick which died of crupous pneumonia, in pleural cavity
not clear liquid was found, on the visceral pleura there is grey pellicle. Define the type of
inflammation on the visceral pleura.
+ fibrinous
- catarrhal
- purulent
- granulematous
- hemorrhagic
?
On the postmortal examination it was revealed that the sick of pulmonary pathology has the
cavity with thickened walls, filled by greenish liquid, with odor nuisance. Diagnose the
disease:
+ lungs abscess
- lungs gangrene
- lungs infarction
- lungs cavity
- lungs tuberculome
?
While proctosigmoidoscopy of the child, 10 years old, it was found, that mucous tunic of
rectum and sigmoid colon is turgid, reddish, covered with sick layer of mucus. Name the
right answer, to which such changes соответствуют:
+ catarrhal inflammation
- purulent inflammation
- bruise
- hemorrhage inflammation
- venous plethora
?
A child, 4 years old, has enlarged and hyperemic throat and glands, they are covered with
taking-off whitish pellicles. Choose the answer, which characterizes the process in the throat
and glands.
+ fibrinous inflammation - dyphtheric
- caseous necrosis
- fibrinous necrosis
- fibrinous inflammation – crupous
?
The child, 8 years old, was received to the isolation department with high temperature to
38°C, punctulated bright-red rash on the skin. Scarlet fever was diagnosed. Mucous tunic of
the throat is vividly hyperemic, dropsical, glands are sharply enlarged, with dull focuses of
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grey-yellow colour and areas of black colour. What inflammation is in the basis of throat
changes?
+ purulent-necrotic
- fibrinous
- hemorrhagic
- serous
- catarrhal
?
While postmortal examination of the dead’s man (62 years old) liver a focus of tissue распад
4cm in diameter was found, filled with the yellow-green liquid. The most trustworthy
diagnose is:
+ abscess
- phlegmon
- carbuncle
- empyema
- granuloma
?
The sick has a high temperature, short breathing, pain in the right part of the breast. While
pleural punction 700ml of cream-like yellow-green liquid was removed. The most
trustworthy diagnose is:
+ pleural empyema
- pleural carcynomatosis
- serous pleurisy
- fibrinous pleurisy
- hemorrhagic pleurisy
?
Spongy and cortical layer of cannon bone on the separate parts is in the state of
disintegration, cavities, which had formed, are filled with cream-like yellow-green liquid.
The most trustworthy form of inflammation is:
+ purulent
- catarrhal
- serous
- proliferative
- mixed
?
Mucous tunic of the trachea is dull, plethoric, with impositions of grey-white pellicles. The
most trustworthy form of inflammation is:
+ fibrinous
- purulent
- serous
- proliferative
- mixed
?
A sick child, 6 years old, was delivered to the medical reception of children hospital in the
state of asphyxia. In the throat whitish, obturating the gleam and easily separating pellicles
were found. Tracheotomy was made. What kind of inflammation developed in throat?
+ crupous inflammation
- hemorrhagic inflammation
- dyphtheric inflammation
- catarrhal inflammation
- purulent inflammation
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?
The sick of chronic pyelonephritis died of chronic renal insufficiency. Inter vivo auscultative
the phenomenon of «noise of pericardium friction» was noticed. On the postmortal
examination it was found, that epicardium is dull, rough, looks like covered with hair. What
type of pericarditis, due to the character of inflammation, is it?
+ crupous
- dyphtheric
- purulent
- putrefactive
- serous
?
While postmortal examination of the girls body, which died of asphyxia, it was found that the
mucous tunic of trachea and bronchial tubes are covered with white-grey pellicle, which is
friably connected with subjecting tissues and is easily taking off by forceps. The gleam of
segmental bronchial tubes is filled with friable masses of grey-yellow colour. What
tracheobronchitis due to the character of exudation was noticed while postmortal
examination?
+ crupous
- catarrhal
- dyptheric
- purulent
- putrefactive
?
The sick, 28 years old, has considerably enlarged, plethoric, painful glands, on its surface
there are dense dirty-grey pellicles, which spread on the hard palate, densely connected with
subjecting tissues, while attempting to separate them bleeding begins. What pathological
process determines such morphological changes?
+ dyphtheric exudative inflammation
- crupous exudative inflammation
- catarrhal exudative inflammation
- purulent exudative inflammation
- hemorrhagic exudative inflammation
?
On the postmortal examination of the sick in the abdominal cavity about 2 liters of purulent
liquid were found. Abdominal cavity is dull, with grayish shade, on the serous tunic of the
gulls there are grey layers, which can be easily separated. Most probably it is:
+ fibrinous-purulent peritonitis
- hemorrhageous peritonitis
- serous peritonitis
- tubercular peritonitis
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead man, 34 years old, who died of rheumatism it
was found, that epicardium surface is lanate, covered with grey pellicles, which can be easily
separated. After their separation dropsical plethoric surface of epicardium is defined. The
most trustworthy diagnose is:
+ fibrinous pericarditis
- purulent pericarditis
- hemorrhagic pericarditis
- proliferative pericarditis
- catarrhal pericarditis
?
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The sick after an operation (burn disease) in the conditions of sharp reduction of the
reactivity of organism sepsis became progressing, which caused the death. In the region of
the frontal wall of the abdominal cavity on the postmortal examination microscopically it
was seen diffusive infiltration by segmental-nucleus leucocytes intermuscular spaces, edema
of the tissue, lysis of muscle fiber. Define the character of the disease.
+ phlegmon
- diphtheric inflammation
- abscess
- necrosis
- catarrhal inflammation
?
The sick, 67 years old, had a heavy form of the influenza with fatal outcome. On the section
were found changes in lungs due to the type of «big multi-coloured lungs». While
microscopical examination it was revealed: sharp plethora of vessels, hemorrhage, oedema
of pulmonary tissue, in the gleams of bronchial tubes and alveoli there is an exudation,
which contains mainly erythrocytes. About what type of lungs inflammation testify such
morphological symptoms?
+ hemorrhage bronchopneumonia
- catarrhal bronchopneumonia
- purulent bronchopneumonia
- desqumative bronchopneumonia
- fibrinous bronchopneumonia
?
A girl 6 years old fell ill in diphtheria and died on the third day of asphyxia. On the autopsy
mucous tunic of the throat and bronchial tubes is thickened, dropsical, covered with grayish
pellicles, which can be easily separated. About what type of inflammation testify
morphological changes?
+ crupous inflammation
- serous inflammation
- hemorrhage inflammation
- diphtheric inflammation
- catarrhal inflammation
?
A man, 55 years old, suffered for a long time of chronic glomerulonephritis. He died with the
symptoms of chronic renal insufficiency. On the surface of epicardium and pericardium
grayish-white lanate layers were found. What pathological process was there in
pericardium?
+ fibrinous inflammation
- organization
- proliferative inflammation
- hemorrhage inflammation
- arterial plethora
?
While postmortal examination of the dead who died of chronic renal insufficiency in the
mucous tunic of the colon grey-yellow, densely joined pellicles, which separated with
formation of ulcers were found. Define the type of inflammation:
+ diphtheric
- serous
- catarrhal
- crupous purulent
?
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While postmortal examination of the sick, which suffered of crupous pneumonia and died of
pneumococcical sepsis, in the right pleural cavity were 900ml of not clear green-yellow
liquid. Pleura leaves are dull, plethoric. Name clinical-morphological form of inflammation in
pleural cavity.
+ empiema
- fibrinous inflammation
- phlegmon
- chronic abscess
- acute abscess
?
Mucous tunic of the colon of the man, who died of the dysentery, on the postmortal
examination is plethoric, covered with the pellicle of grey colour, which tears off with
excretion. What type of inflammation developed in the colon of the sick?
+ diphtheric inflammation
- crupous inflammation
- hemorrhagic inflammation
- serous inflammation
- catarrhal inflammation
?
A sick has high temperature, short breathing, pain in the right part of the chest. Pleural
puncture gave 700ml of viscous yellow-green liquid. What pathological process developed in
pleural cavity?
+ pleural empyema
- bronchopneumonia
- serous plevritis
- hemorrhagic plevritis
- pleural carcynomatosis
?
A child, 5 years old, got meningococcal meningitis. Macroscopically: pia mater of brain is
yellow-green and dropsical. Name the form of inflammation:
+ fibrinous-purulent
- serous
- hemorrhageous
- catarrhal
- putrefactive
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The sick has symptoms of pulpitis. While examination it was found that tooth cavity and
carious cavity, which is connected with it, is filled by granulation tissue of bright-rosy colour,
which is bleeding. Determine the kind of pulpitis according to the character of inflammation.
+ granulating
- gangrenous
- serous
- purulent
- fibrous
?
While microscopical examination of the sick’s (52 years old) lungs, focuses of necrosis,
surrounded by bank of epithelial cells and lymphocytes were found. Between lymphocytes
and epithelial cells big round cells with numerous nuclei on the periphery are situated. How is
this formation called?
+ tuberculosis granuloma
- sarcoidosis granuloma
- syphilitic granuloma
- leprous granuloma
?
While histological examination of enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes, it was found, that a
woman, 40 years old, has the violation of its structure with focuses of cells accumulation,
which had a little bit stretched structure, with light nucleus, multi-nucleus large oval-rounded
cells, rich in cytoplasm with nuclei, situated on the periphery in the form of fence, surrounded
by lymphoid cells; in the centre of cells accumulation there are unstructured masses, coloured
in pink colour. Changes described are typical to:
+ tuberculosis lymphadenitis
- metastasis of swelling
- lymphogranulomatosis
- hyperplastic lymphadenitis
- sarcoidosis
?
On the operation by the sick from nasal cavity excretion of mucous tunic were extracted.
While histological examination in it it was found diffusive infiltration by lymphocytes,
plasmocytes and macrophages. Name the kind of inflammation
+ with formation of polyps
- with formation of pointed condilomas
- interstitial
- granelematous
- exudative
?
While microscopical examination of skin biopsy material granuloms are found, which consist
of epithelial cells, surrounded by T-lymphocytes. Among epithelial cells single giant cells with
many nuclei of type Pirogov-Langhans are found. In the centre of some granuloms areas of
caseous necrosis can be seen. There are no blood vessels. For what disease are such
granulome typical?
+ tuberculosis
- syphilis
- lepra
- rhinoscleroma
- glanders
?
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+ giant-cellular granuloma
- macrophagal
- phagocytal
- epithelial-cellular
- granuloma of foreign bodies
?
The sick with subfibril temperature in biopsy material of enlarged lymph node has numerous
granulomes with caseous necrosis in centre, surrounded by epithelial cells, giant - Pirogov-
Langhans cells with many nuclei. For what disease are such pathohistological changes typical?
+ tuberculosis
- lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphosarcoma
- lymphatic leukemia
- banal lymphadenitis
?
While histological examination of biopsy material of the skin it was revealed, that the sick, 24
years old, has caseous necrosis, surrounded by cells seepage, which consists of lymphocytes.
Among them separate giant cells can be seen, besides there is growing of conjunctive tissue,
endovasculites. What is the character of inflammation process?
+ productive granulematous inflammation
- productive interstitial inflammation
- abscess
- catarrhal inflammation
- ichorous inflammation
?
On the histological examination of the sick man’s (28 years old) cervical lymph nodes, was
revealed disturbance of the picture due to the growing of epithelial, lymphoid cells and
macrophages with nuclei in form of horseshoe, in the centre of some cells accumulation there
are unstructured areas of pale-pink colour with fragments of nuclei. For what disease are such
changes typical?
+ tuberculosis
- lymphagranulematosis
- actinomycosis
- metastasis of swellings
- syphilis
?
While microscopical examination of the lungs tissue an inflammation area was found, which
consists of necrosis focus, surrounded by correct rows of epithelial lymphoid cells, there are
plasmatic cells, macrophages and giant many-nuclei cells of Pirogov-Langhans. Define the
type of inflammation.
+ tuberculosis inflammation
- banal productive inflammation
- inflammation by lepra
- exudative inflammation
- alternative inflammation
?
In the biopsy material nasal mucous tunic there were found epithelial cells, plasmocytes,
Mikulich cells, eosonofile Russell corpuscles. Your diagnose?
+ rhinoscleroma
- syphilis
- tuberculosis
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- lepra
?
In the result of histological examination of the biopsy material from the wall of the bronchial
tube of the sick, who suffered of chronic bronchitis, in the mucous tunic were found growing
of granulation tissue, towering above the surface of the mucous tunic and had diffusive
inflammatory infiltration. What type of bronchitis had the sick?
+ chronic polypous bronchitis
- chronic mucus-purulent bronchitis
- chronic mucous bronchitis
- chronic purulent bronchitis
- chronic deformating bronchitis
?
While histological examination of the man’s (30 years old) biopsy material from cervical
lymph node granulomes were revealed, which consist of epithelial, lymphoid, multi-nucleus
giant cells of Pirogov-Langhans. In the centre of granulomes necrosis can be found. What
pathogenic organism must be revealed in the necrosis zone to confirm the diagnose of
tuberculosis?
+ Koch’s mycobacterium
- бледную трепонему
- staphylococcus
- bacillus of Volcovich-Frisch
- salmonella
?
While microscopical examination of the cervical lymph node, lymphocytes and giant cells of
Pirogov-Langhans was found. In the centre there is caseous necrosis. Point the most probable
pathology.
+ tuberculosis
- rhinoscleroma
- sarcoidosis
- glanders
- syphilis
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In the operational biopsy of thyroid gland histologically among follicles, filled by colloid,
lymphoid structures with centres of growth were found. What disease has the sick?
+ Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- endemic goiter
- sporadic goiter
- thyrodotoxicosis
- Riedel’s thyroiditis
?
While examination of thymus of the child’s (5 years old), who died of acute destructive
staphylococcal pneumonia, reduction of iron to 3.0g was noticed. While histological
examination in thymus it was found: lessening of gland’s particles, considerable lessening of
lymphocytes number with stroma collapse, inversion of layers, cyst increasing of Hassall’s
corpuscles. Which of these diagnoses is the most trustworthy?
+ accidental involution
- thymomegalia
- hypoplasia of thymus
- displasia of thymus
- agnensia of thymus
?
While examination of pregnant woman with RH-negative blood group a high level of
antierythrocytic antibodies was found, for reduction of which skin scrap of her RH-positive
man was sewed into. In two weeks skin scrap was rejected, microscopically in it it was found
blood circulation disturbance, edema, cell infiltration, mainly by lymphocytes, neutrophils and
macrophages. Which of these diagnoses is the most trustworthy?
+ transplantational immunity
- reaction of hypersensibility immediate type
- reaction of hypersensibility delayed type
- granulomatosis inflammation
- interstitial inflammation
?
The sick, 23 years old, after having had quinsy, got the development of ruinous syndrome
(hematuria, proteinuria, leukocyturia). In the paracentetic biopsy of kidneys a picture of
intracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis was found, and electronic-microscopically
large subepithelial deposits were revealed. What is the pathogeny of this disease?
+ immunocomplex mechanism
- atopy, anaphylaxis with formation IgE and their fixation on the mast cells
- cytotoxic, cytolitic action of antibodies
- cell-determined cytolysis
- granulomatosis
?
While histological examination of thyroid gland considerable lymphocytes infiltration with
formation of lymphoid follicles are determined, destruction of parenchymatous elements of
fibers of conjunctive tissue excursion. For what disease are such symptoms typical?
+ Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- colloid gland
- endemic gland
- thyrotoxicosis
- parenchymatous goiter
?
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For organization of tuberculine test to the child intravenously was injected tuberculin. In 24
hours in the place of injection was noted pronounced hyperemia, tissue thickening. Name the
mechanism of development, which is the basis of such changes?
+ cellular cytotoxicity
- cytotoxicity of reagine type
- antibodial cytotoxicity
- formation of granulomes
- immunocomplex cytotoxicity
?
While histological examination of skin biopsy material granulomes are found, which consist of
macrophage nodes with presence of lymphocytes and plasmatic cells. Besides, big
macrophages with fat vacuoles occur, where there are packed in form of balls pathogens
(Virchow’s cells). Granulation tissue is well vascularized. For what disease such symptoms are
typical?
+ lepra
- tuberculosis
- syphilis
- rhinoscleroma
- glanders
?
While histological examination of lymph node great number of enlarged lymphoid follicles
with large centers reproduction with great number of mitosis figure were found. About what
testify such changes?
+ antigenic stimulation with follicular hyperplasia
- atrophy of lymphoid tissue
- lymphosarcoma
- lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphatic leukemia
?
From the sick of autoimmune gastritis biopsy material was taken. While examination of
biopsy material in mucous tunic lymphocytal and macrophagal infiltration were found. It
testifies of development in mucous tunic hypersensibility of:
+ IV type (cellular cytotoxicity)
- II type (reagine type)
- II type (antibodial cytotoxicity)
- III type (immunocomplex cytotoxicity)
- V type (granulematosis)
?
While histological examination of thyroid gland, extracted on the operation, destruction and
atrophy of follicles, diffusive lymphocytic infiltration with formation of lymphoid follicles in
stroma were revealed. To what group of diseases does such thyroiditis belongs?
+ autoimmune
- bacterial
- caused by physical factors
- infectious-allergic
- viral
?
While punctural biopsy in transplanted kidney diffusive infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes,
plasmocytes, lymphoblasts plasmoblasts and also necrotic arteritis were found. What
pathological process developed in трансплантате?
+ immune rejection
http://pathology.med.sumdu.edu.ua/new/
- glomerulonephritis
- ischemic trauma of kidney
- tubulonecrosis
- pyelonephritis
?
While postmortal examination of a child, 6 months old, who died of sepsis, lack of thymus,
reduction of spleen’s size and mass were revealed. While microscopical examination of spleen
lack of periarterial T-dependent zones of follicles with devastation of red pulp was found; in
lymph nodes there is lack of pericortical zone, which is mainly presented by T-lymphocytes.
B-zones in peripheral immune organs developed well. What pathological process is this?
+ Daygorgy syndrom (cell immunity insufficiency)
- Glanzman-Riniker syndrom (cell and humoral immunity insufficiency)
- Bruton syndrom (humoral immunity insufficiency)
- accidental thymus involution
- HIV
?
While histological examination of thyroid gland it was found moderate parenchyma atrophy,
sclerosis, diffusive infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes and plasmatic cells with formation of
lymphoid follicles. Your diagnose is:
+ autoimmune thyreoiditis
- parenchymal goiter
- thyreotoxic goiter
- thyreoiditis
- Riedel’s thyroiditis
?
The sick, who suffered of chronic purulent ostiomyelitis, died of chronic renal insufficiency.
While postmortal examination large dense white-yellow kidneys with sebaceous lustre on the
section were found. Your diagnose is:
+ kidney amiloidosis
- chronic glomerulonephritis
- subacute glomerulonephritis
- septic nephritis
- acute necrotic nephrosis
?
The sick, 45 years old, who got an acute pneumonia, on the 6 th day of illness developed
emphysema, which causes the death. On the postmortal examination it was found, that the
whole upper part of the right lung is affected, it is enlarged, dense, with fibrinous impositions
on pleura, grey on the section, from the surface of the section not clear liquid is flowing down.
Microscopically: in the alveoli gleam there are fibrins, neutrophils, macrophages,
hemolyzating erythrocytes. Name the pneumonia the sick had:
+ crupous pneumonia
- staphylococcic bronchopneumonia
- viral pneumonia
- hypostatic pneumonia
- respiratory distress-syndrom of adults
?
On the postmortal examination of the dead child, 3 days old, who died of prenatal pneumonia,
reduction of size and mass of вилочковой железы was found. While microscopical
examination in its lobules there is no clear-cut border between cortex and medullary
substance as a result of the lymphoid devastation of both zones; in medullary substance
numerous corpuscles of вилочковой железы (Hassal’s corpusles) of different size were
http://pathology.med.sumdu.edu.ua/new/
found, with the phenomenon of keratosis and calcinosis; interlobular conjunctive tissue is
excessively developed. What from the pathological processes in thymus enumerated above is
the most trustworthy?
+ accidental thymus involution
- atrophy
- hypotrophy
- aplasia
- thymomegalia
?
Near the infected wound regional lymph node are enlarged. While histological examination
there are found increasing of the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, lymphoid follicles in
cortex, also numerous plasmatic cells. What process in lymph nodes shows these histological
changes?
+ antigenic stimulation
- acquired insufficiency of lymphoid tissue
- tumour-like transformation
- reaction of hypersensibility
?
The sick of bronchial asthma had virus infection. It caused asthmatic статус with fatal
outcome. While histological examination of the lungs spasm and bronchial tubes edema were
found, in their walls there is infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophyls and other leukocytes,
and also degranulation of labrocytes. What mechanism of hypersensibility is it?
+ reagine reaction of hypersensibility
- inflammatory
- autoimmune
- immunocomplex
- immunodetermined cell cytol
?
A child has numerous development violations of the bones of facial part of scull. Cause of
death is sepsis, which developed on the basis of bronchopneumonia. Content of
immunoglobulines in blood is normal. On the postmortal examination lack of thymus was
revealed. Name the main cause of death,
+ insufficiency of cell immunity syndrome
- combined immune deficiency syndrome
- secondary immune deficiency syndrome
- acute lymphatic leukemia
- syndrome of chronic intoxication
?
While histological examination of the diagnostic biopsy of the left auricle rheumatoid
granulome was found, built of the fibrinous necrosis focus, around which there are basophile
macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and single plasmocytes. Point the most probable type
of inflammatory reaction.
+ hypersensitivity of delayed type
- normergic type
- immediate hypersensitivity
- inborn immunity
- acquired immunity
?
On the autopsy of the dead drug addict, on the skin of distal departments of the lower
extremities dark-red spots, plaques and nodes (Kaposi’s sarcoma). It was also revealed an
acute pneumonia, caused by pneumocysts. For what disease are such changes typical?
http://pathology.med.sumdu.edu.ua/new/
+ AIDS
- influenza
- measles
- diphtheria
- malignant anthrax
V. Tumors
?
The man of 46 years old has a dark patch on a skin which towered and did not disturb.
In course of time a spot began to increase, pain appeared, a color became blackly-brown
and a it was easy to feel the knot. Fusiform and polymorphic cells the cytoplasm of
which contained the pigment of brown color concerned on histological research of
remote fabric. What tumour is the question about?
+ Melanoma
- Basalioma
- Gemangioma
- Haematoma
- Karsinoid
?
The patient has in both jaws roentgenlogically founded numerous defects which look
as smooth-walled rounded openings. At histological research it was the phenomenon of
osteolysis and osteoporosis at the phenomena of weak ossification. In urine of patient
found the proteins of Ben - Jones. Name the disease.
+ myelomatosis
- Chronic myeloleucozis
- Chronic eritromyelozis
- Acute myeloleucozis
- Acute undifferentiated leucosis
?
During stomatology examination of a boy of 16 years were found megascopic underjaw
and neck lymphatic knots. A biopsy was conducted. Microscopically the change was
found in lymphatic bridles: the typical structure is effaced, cellular population is
heterogeneous, large cells are present with a multiblade kernel, plural uninuclear celles
of largeness, eosinophilic and neutrophilic leucocytes, lymphocytes.
In addition, the areas of necrosis and hearth of sclerosis are found. Diagnose the disease.
+ Limphogranulomatosis
- Hyperplasia of lymphatic knot
- Granulomatosic lymphadenitis
- Suppurative lymphadenitis
- Nechodjkinskaya lymphoma
?
At prophylactic examination of workers tied-up from by production coal resins,
there were the areas of bulge and cornification of mucous membrane in a mouth cavity
at some, mainly cheeks, whitish color, crackershell, not sickly. What pathology is the
question about?
1
+ Leucoplackia
- Papylomathoz
- Glossitis
- Stomatit
?
At a woman 38 years in thicker of a parotid gland a tumour, which consists of the
separate knots parted by the layers of connecting tissue, is exposed. Pathohistologically
the epidermal cells revealed, which form solid structures. Mucigenous cells form
structure, which cover a cavity muciferous. Shallow cells are the third element of
tumour with a hyperchromic nucleus. About what tumour is it necessary to think?
+ Mychoepydermal tumour
- Acinocellar tumour
- Papillar cistadenoma
- Adenolymfoma
- Adenocystic karcinoma
?
Patient 46 years, delivered in a clinic with the spontaneous break in the corner of lower
jaw. In the site of fracture substituted by solid whitish color tissue with brown
insertion. At pathohistological research the isles of the rounded form, limited by a
cylindrical and cube epithelium, are exposed. In a center are asteroid, oval polygonal
cells which form a net. What is the name of a tumour?
+ Ameloblastoma
- Adenomatoidic tumour
- Odontogenic karcinoma
- Complex odontoma
- Odentomeoblastoma
?
At a patient hearth excrescence of soft fabrics, which comes forward above the level of
gums, was exposed in the area of lower латерального chisel, by a diameter 6 мм on a
wide leg. Microscopically: surface covered by a multi-layered flat epithelium. There are
the chaotically located bunches of mature connecting fabric, two-bit of bloods and
lymphatic vessels, perivascular infiltration of the plasmocytes and lymphocytes. On
separate areas are small areas of ossiform matter, surrounded osteoblasts. How is the
exposed pathological process named?
+ Fibrosis epulis
- Villoma
- Angiomatosus epulis
- Fibroma
- Flatcellic crawfish
?
2
On the вентральной surface of language at a man with prosthetic appliance on a lower
jaw the dense grey name-plate of wrong form is exposed with an uneven surface with
clear scopes. At histological research of education the stored structure of multi-layered
flat epithelium is marked, bulge him due to acanthceous and basale layers,
hyperkeratinization, acanthosis; лимфомакрофагальная infiltration to subject
connecting fabric. To set a diagnosis.
+ Leikoplakia
- Eritoplakia
- Villoma
- Shrines in place
- Kondiloma
?
Under the skin of underjaw region at a woman 55 years mobile education is exposed
with the clear scopes of тестуватой of consistency 1,0x0,7 см with slow growth. At
histological research of education lipocytes which form lobules different after a form
and measuring are exposed, parted by the thin layers of connecting fabric with vessels.
To set a diagnosis.
+ Lipoma
- Fibroma
- Angioneoplasm
- Liposarcoma
- Fibrosarcoma
?
The solid layers built from shallow ephithelial cells with polymorphic kernels are
revealed in биоптате of mastoncus, with plenty of pathological mitosises.
Строма is scanty with лимфоцитарной infiltration. To set a diagnosis.
+ Medullar of shrines
- Scirrhous of shrines
- Illness of Pijet
- Adenoma
- Adenofibroma
?
After a few the years after injury of elbow at a boy 12 years tumular excrescence
appeared in area of epiphysis of humeral bone, not having clear scopes. At research of
биоптата found out plenty of polymorphic cells of osteoblastic as with the large
number of pathological mitosises. Put a hypothetical diagnosis.
+ Osteosarcoma
- Handrosarcoma
- Osteoid-остеома
3
- Fibrosarcoma
- Синовиальная sarcoma
?
At the intraoperational biopsy of suckling gland the signs of atypical tissue are exposed
the correlations of parenchima and стромы expressed in violation, with predominance
of the last, different sizes and form of ferrous structures, covered by single layer of
proliferating epithelium. Your hypothetical diagnosis.
+ Fibroadenoma
- Villoma
- Not infiltrative crawfish
- Infiltrative crawfish
- Venerable
?
At a woman in 6 months the uterine bleeding developed after births; at gynaecological
examination in the cavity of uterus found out fabric crimson color with plural cavities,
reminding a «sponge». At microscopic research of tumour in лакунах of blood found
out the atypical light ephithelial cells of Langhans and giant cells of
syncytiotrophoblast. Name a tumour.
+ Chorionepithelioma
- Flatcellic non-horny crawfish
- Adenocarcinoma
- Fibromioma
- Cystic skidding
?
A man 40 years suffered by a chronic bronchitis, died from exhaustion. On. dissection in
lights in the road clearance of bronchial tubes found out endophytic excrescence of
bright-grey soft fabric. At microscopic research of this fabric among excrescences of
atypical flat epithelium found out horny pearls. Your diagnosis.
+ Flatcell crawfish with the cornification
- Flatcell crawfish without the cornification
- Adenocarcinoma
- Indifferentive of shrines
- Apudoma
?
In the megascopic neck lymphatic knot of girl 14 years it was microscopically found
that the tissue structure of knot is broken, lymphoidic follicles are absent, there are the
areas of sclerosis and hearths of necrosis, cellular composition of knot is polymorphic,
Lymphocytes are present, eosinophile, atypical cells of largenesses with multilobular
kernels (cage of Beresovsky-Shternberg) and uninuclear cells also largenesses. Shrouds
diagnosis?
4
+ Megakaryoblastoma
- Sharp lympholeycosis
- Chronic lympholeycosis
- Lymphadenoma of Berkitt
- Mushroom-like mycosis
?
At research of biopsy of megascopic neck lymphatic knot the effaced of picture is
exposed, fabric him presented by plenty of proliferative lymphocytes with the presence
of single cells of Beresovsky-Shternberg. Do these changes testify at?
+ Megakaryoblastoma, with predominance of lymphoidic fabric
- Megakaryoblastoma, with exhaustion of lymphoidic fabric
- Mixcell variant of megakaryoblastoma
- To the lymphosarcoma
- Модулярно-sclerotic variant of megakaryoblastoma
?
At dissection of woman 33 years the bulge of wall of stomach is found in a pyloric
department (on a cut the layers of walls are distinguished) with excrescence of dense
white fabric in a submucous layer and shallow cords her in a muscular layer. Relief of
mucous membrane is stored, folds rigid, immobile. What macroscopic form of tumour
in this case?
+ Infiltrate
- Knot
- Ulcer
- Cyst
- Infiltratively -ulcerous form
?
At research of биоптата of lymphatic knot the conclusion is given
"Megakaryoblastoma". On the basis of what signs was diagnosed?
+ Berezovsky - Shternberg's cells
- Tyton's cells
- Pyrogov - Langhanse's cells
- Virhof's cells
- Mykuliche's cells
?
At a child 6 months on the skin of neck found out the flat knot of red color, at pressing
on by glass a knot turns pale a наиболее credible diagnosis is Which?
+ Hemangioma
Pigmental nevus
- Melanoma
- Leiomyoma
5
- Lymphangioma
?
At the patient of 21 year the tumour of frontal part of right hemisphere is remote head
brain by a diameter 5 см, which was unclear delimited from near-by fabric. On a cut -
homogeneous kind, histological — consists of cells the numerous sprouts of which
form thick interlacements. What tumour took place in a cerebrum?
+ Astrocytoma
- Oligodendroglioma
- Ganglioneuroma
- Epsidimoma
- Chorionpapiloma
?
At a patient on the skin of person gradual a name-plate developed with necrosis and
ulcer in a center. At pathohistologic research of bioptate excrescence of atypical
ephithelial cells is exposed with plenty of pathological mitosises. What is the most
reliable diagnosis?
+ Shrines of skin
- Sarcoma
- Villoma
- Trophic ulcer
- Fibroma
?
A dense tumour mobile is macroscopically found in a skin. At a microscopy she
is presented by the chaotically located bunches of collogens fibres with the two-bit of
fusiform cells. What tumour is remote?
+ Hard fibroma
- Leiomyoma
- Melanoma
- Lipoma
- Гломус -angioneoplasm
?
At a patient on small curvature in pyloric department found out formation of
crateriform form. From the regional area of education a biopsy is taken.Information of
histological research: tumour with the glandlike structures of different form and size,
ingrowing in surrounding fabric, by expressed атипизмом of cells. Name the
histological variant of this tumour.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell crawfish
- Scirrhus of stomach
- Mucous crawfish of stomach
6
- Solid crawfish of stomach
?
At бронхоскопии at a patient 62 years in the initial department of upper lobe of
bronchial tube of right lung polypoid education is found by a diameter to 1.0 see At
histological research a tumour which is built from shallow lymphocytelike cells with
hyperchromic kernels is exposed. cells grow layers and cords. Specify, what from the
transferred types of tumours reliable?
+ Undifferentiated finecell crawfish
- Undifferentiated largecell crawfish
- Flatcell crawfish
- Adenocarcinoma
- Glandul-flatcell crawfish
?
At histological research of lymphatic knot is diffuse excrescence of lymphoid cells
with the admixture of eosinophile and atypical histiocytes, single giant cells from two
and more by kernels, hearths of necrosis and sclerosis. Наиболее reliable diagnosis:
+ Megakaryoblastoma
- Lympholeycosis
- Lymph adenoma of Berkitt
- Sarcoidosis
- Mieloleycosis
?
On dissection at dying the system increase of lymphatic knots is found with formation of
tumular conglomerates. A spleen is megascopic, on a cut pied: on the red background of
mash plural shallow hearths of rather yellow-white and greyish color. What disease
most do the described changes answer?
+ Megakaryoblastoma
- Sarcoidosis
- Lymphosarcoma
- Shrines of lights
- Lympholeycosis
?
For pathohistological research an eyeball is delivered: in the retina of eye on the
projection of visual nerve tumour of I õ I см, soft consistency, brown color.
Microscopically a tumour consists of the polymorphic cells with a transparent
cytoplasm, grouped in alveolar structures, by the presence of pathological mitosises,
here and there with the accumulation of brown pigent. More reliable all this:
+ Melanoma
- Shwanoma
- Glomic tumour
7
- Paraganglioma
- Angiosarcoma
?
Tumour in a capsule by a diameter 2 see operatively remote from amputation cults of
lower extremity, microscopically consists of fusiform cells of monomorphic kind with
sticklike kernels which form "palisades"
structures together with fibres. What from the transferred types
of tumours наиболее reliable?
+ Of high quality neurolimoma
- Neurofibroma
- Malignant neurolimoma
- Soft fibroma
- Fibrosarcoma
?
At a patient 55 years the relapsic uterine bleeding appeared. The diagnostic
endometrectomy is executed. In соскобе of endometrium among the elements of blood
evidently the ferrous elements of different size and form, formed by atypical cells with
hyperchromic kernels, with numerous mitosises (including pathological). About what
process is it possible to think?
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Ferrous hyperplasia of endometrium
- Chorionepithelioma
- Adenomatous polypus
- Signs of the interrupted pregnancy
?
A patient with crawfish of stomach and plural metastases died from a cancer cachexy.
you will select the characteristic changes of heart, exposed on dissection.
+ Brown acardiotrophia
- Amyloid cardiomegaly
- Dilatative cardiomiopathia
- Hypertrophy cardiomiopathia
- "Tiger" heart
?
At a patient 45 years supraclavicular lymphatic knots are found megascopic. At
research of biopsy material from a lymphatic knot the metastasis of cellular crawfish is
exposed. Choose наиболее credible localization of primary tumour.
+ Shrines of stomach
- Shrines of thyroid
- Shrines of lights
- Shrines of neck of uterus
8
?
At histological research of bioptate of vaginal part of neck of uterus at a patient 47
years with protractedly not healing erosion signs are exposed by the cell of an atypism,
basale membrane - without the changes. Diagnose.
+ Carcinoma of in situ
- Erosion
- Adenocarcinoma
- Villoma
- Endomethriosis
?
At histological research of tumour of skin exposed different sizes the lobules from fatty
fabric, delimited by the irregular layers of connecting fabric. Diagnose.
+ Lipoma
- Fibroma
- Hygroma
- Villoma
- Hemangioma
?
At research of tumour of uterus (operating material) it is exposed macroscopically, that
she soft to consistency, with a hemorrhage and areas of hearth necrosis, on a cut
reminds «fish meat». At histological research the signs of expressed cellular and tissue
atypical are set, there are cells with the pathological figures of mitosises. It is necessary
to diagnose.
+ Sarcoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Angioneoplasm
- Fibroma
- Lipoma
?
At microscopic research of bioptate from the area of tumour of mucous membrane of
right bronchial tube, cellular and tissue atypical is set. Appearance of structures as
«cancers pearls». To define character of pathological process.
+ Malignant tumour
- Hyperplasia
- Metaplasia
- Hypogenesis
?
At microscopic research of bioptate from lights atypical cells which form plural
ацинарные structures and product mucus are exposed. What histological
form of crawfish of lights takes place at a patient?
9
+ High-differentiated adenocarcinoma
- Moderato differentiated adenocarcinoma
- Undifferentiated crawfish
- Moderato differentiated flatcell crawfish
- Galdule-flatcell of shrines
?
At a patient at gastroscopical research in the area of small curvature tumular education
is exposed by a diameter 1,5 см on a leg. What character of growth of tumour?
+ Exophitic
- Expansive
- Infiltrative
- Unpositional
- Endophytic
?
A patient was operated on an occasion the tumour of uterus. Macropreparation: spongy
pied knot in a myometrium. Histologicaly is present large light ephithelial cells among
which much dark polymorphic cells. Строма is absent, vessels have the appearance of
cavity, covered by the cells of tumour. Concerne plural hemorrhage. How is the exposed
tumour named?
+ Chorionepithelioma
- Malignant cystic skidding
- Adenocarcinoma
- Cavernosic hemangioma
- Modullar of shrines
?
At an elderly woman with a metrorrhagia in менопаузе at pthohistological research in
scratch of mucous membrane of neck of uterus excrescences of атипического
epithelium are exposed with formation of the so-called "cancers pearls". Your
diagnosis?
+ Flatcell crawfish with the cornification
- Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell crawfish without the cornification
- Mucous crawfish
- Undifferentive shrines
?
At dying 42 years operated in the past on an occasion the tumour of stomach at
dissection: an ovary is sharply megascopic in sizes, dense consistency, white color.
Histological: in preparation the atypical ephithelial cells placed among layers and cords
of connecting fabric. What disease takes place?
+ Crucenbergh’s of shrines of ovary
10
- Serosal cystadenocarcinoma
- Pseudomucinic cystadenocarcinoma
- Malignant tekoma
- Malignant granular cell tumour
?
V young man in soft fabrics of counter-clockwise thigh painless new formation
appeared without clear scopes. In bioptate of fabric new formations remind fish meat,
consist of immature Fibroblastic cells with numerous mitosises which germinate in
muscles. Your diagnosis?
+ Fibrosarcoma
- Myosarcoma
- Fibroma
- Shrines
- Mioma
?
At research of bioptate from a stomach signs are exposed tissue and cellular atypic, that
allowed to set the diagnosis of malignant tumour is shrine. What from the transferred
signs were decision in raising of diagnosis
+ Glands are covered by polymorphic cells with large kernels, by the megascopic
number of kernels, by a narrow rim
- Glands in a stomach have different sizes and form, different width of road clearances
- Many glands are located closely, side-by-side
- Glands are located helter-skelter
- Placed is marked location of cells in a gland
?
At histological research of knot in a remote suckling gland among abundant стромы
exposed different sizes and form complexes of atypical polymorphic ephithelial cells
with the presence of road clearances in the center of complexes. Cage with large
kernels, by the megascopic number of kernels and nucleolar organizers, by the
presence of atypicalmitosises. Put the supposed diagnosis.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Fibroadenoma of suckling gland
- Solid crawfish
- Flatcell uncornificative crawfish
- Undifferentiated polymorphocell crawfish
?
At necropsy man 63 years, dying from crawfish of lung found out plural metastases.
What from them is it possible to consider as pin on the mechanism of development?
+ Shallow plural tumours knots on a pleura
- Metastases in brocheal, bifurcative, paratracheal lymphatic knots
11
- Metastases in a cerebrum
- Metastases in adrenal glands
- Germination of tumour from a bronchial tube in a gullet
?
It is exposed at histological research of malignant mastoncus, that a tumour is built
from lowdifferentive of atypical ephithelial cells at the origins which form trabecula.
Separated between itself by the layers of connecting fabric, correlation of cells and
стромы approximately 1:1. Name the histological variant of crawfish.
+ Solid
- Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell
- Fibrotic
- Finecell
?
At a patient 17 years intraoperatively on the lower surface of liver a tumour is exposed
by the sizes of 4.5x5.0x3.5ñ ì. with subserosal localization crimson color, on a cut
presented by a cavity with considerable maintenance of blood. To diagnose.
+ Cavernosive hemangioma
- Capillary hemangioma
- Hemangioperacytoma
- Hemangioepithelioma
- Lymphangioma
?
It is discovered at microscopic research of tumour of overhead lip, that she is built from
numerous cracklike cavities the wall of which is covered by flat endothelia, filled by
liquid blood and packages. To fill in a diagnosis.
+ Capillary hemangioma
- Venous hemangioma
- Hemangioma of cavity
- Hemangioma-endothelioma
- Gnomus -angioneoplasm
?
For histological research an uterus remote after the operation is delivered. Under a
mucous membrane numerous the rounded form knots which expressly delimited from
surrounding fabric. Microscopically a tumour is built from the bunches of smooth
muscles with the phenomena of tissue atypism. Your diagnosis.
+ Leiomyoma
- Shrines of uterus
- Fibromioma
- Chorionepithelioma
12
- Leykomiosarcoma
?
At a 40-years-old man from stenosive (without metastases) by crawfish of gullet found
out the following changes: atrophy of skeletal muscles, fatty cellulose. Skin of the
earthily-brown colouring, an epidermis is thinned, a heart is diminished in sizes.
Myocardium and liver of brown color. Diagnose?
+ Alimentarive cachexy
- Miastenosis
- Cancer cachexy
- Brown atrophy
- Ilness of Addison
?
At a patient new formation of skin, which has the appearance of knot with a papillary
surface which reminds a cauliflower, is remote, to dense consistency. Microscopically a
tumour consists of
many papillae. A parenchima is formed from an integumentary epithelium from
increased by the number of layers. Stratificative polarity of cells is stored in an
epithelium, integrity of own membrane. Tumour’s stroma is situated in the center of
papillae. What is the most reliable diagnosis?
+ Villoma
- Fibroma
- Adenoma
- Fibroadenoma
- Cystoadenoma
?
At microscopic research of bronchobiopsy a tumour which is built from the nest of
accumulations of atypical cells of multi-layered flat epithelium is exposed. Placed
with characteristic "pearls". Your diagnosis?
+ Flatcell crawfish with the cornification
- Flatcell crawfish without the cornification
- Solid crawfish
- Mucous crawfish
- Scirrhus
?
At a man by age 62 years it is remote bud in which at macroscopic research a tumour is
exposed as a knot by a diameter to 8ñ ì. Fabric of tumour on a cut is pied, with a plural
hemorrhage, by necrosises Histological: a tumour consists of light cells which form
alveolar and сосочковые structures, invasion growth is moderato expressed.
Pathological mitosises, hyperchromic kernels, concerne in many cells of tumour.
Diagnose the exposed nephroncus
13
+ Brightcell of shrines
- Brightcell adenoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Nephroblastoma
- Acidofilyc adenoma from malignisation
?
What pathological process are the exposed microscopic changes characteristic for?
+ Adenocarcinoma of uterus
- Ferrous hyperplasia of endometrium
- Sharp endometritis
- Placenta polypus
- Chorionepithelioma of uterus
?
At a woman 64 years there was the pathological break of humeral bone. Result of
biopsy: atypical plasmatic cells. Roentgenologic in the site of fracture tumular
educations.
Possible disease:
+ Myelomatosis
- Chronic osteomielitis
- Chondrosarcoma
- Fibrotic displasia of the bone
- Metastasis of adenocarcinoma
?
At dissection of child 3 years a tumor which does not have clear scopes from
circumferential is sawed in a cerebellum by fabric, histological built from atypical
shallow cells with hyperchromic kernels more Reliable all this:
+ Medulloblastoma
- Medullosarcoma
- Metastasis of crawfish
- Metastasis of sarcoma I
- Glioblastoma
?
Getting hoarse of voice appeared at a patient. During laryngoscope found out the tumor
of larynx of серо-белого color, with a сосочковой surface. Microscopically:
excrescence of connecting fabric, which is covered by a multi-layered flat epithelium
with the megascopic cornification, without cellular typist. More reliable all this:
+ Villoma
- Fibroma
- Polypus
- Angioneoplasm
14
- Angiofibroma
?
At a patient 75 years from extraperitoneal cellulose a tumor is remote by the sizes of
16x8x6ñ ì. Microscopically: aplasive fatty cells with the signs of cellular atypism,
polymorphism. There are the enormous disfigured cells which have fatty drops in a
cytoplasm . What is the most reliable diagnosis?
+ Liposarcoma
- Lipoma
- Fibrosarcoma
- My sarcoma
- Meaothelioma
?
At histological research of tumor of stomach a lot of cricoid cells are exposed. Name the
histological variant of crawfish.
+ Mucous
- Solid
- Adenocarcinoma
- Sarcoma
- Carcinoid
?
At histological research of knot in a remote suckling gland among abundant stroma
exposed different sizes and form complexes of atypical polymorphic epithelial cells
with the presence of road clearances in the center of complexes. Cage with large
kernels, by the presence of atypical mitosises. Diagnose.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- Flatcell noncornifiacted crawfish
- Solid crawfish
- Fibro adenoma of suckling gland
- Undifferentiated polymorphocelled crawfish
?
On necropsy man 35 years in the second segment of right lung the hearth of
compression is exposed by the diameter of 5ñ ì. Surrounded by a thin capsule. A hearth
is presented by dense dry crumbling
fabric with a dim surface. The discovered morphological changes in a lung are
characteristic for:
+ Tuberculoma
- Shrine of lung
- Chondromas
- Tumorosive of form of schistosis
- Post-inflammatory pneumoscleroma
15
?
At a woman 46 years during the palliative operation on an occasion crawfish of
stomach the presence of Krukenbergh's of metastases is set in ovaries ("Krukenbergh
of shrines of ovaries"). What from the transferred ways of initiations resulted in the
defeat of ovaries?
+ Lymphogenic retrograde
- Lymphogenic orthohailstone
- Hematogenic
- Implantative
- Canalicullar
?
At histological research of соскоба of mucous membrane of uterus at a patient 54 years
with the clinical diagnosis of violation ovarian – menstrual cycle it is discovered is
excrescence of ancient ferrous structures which consist of cells with hyperchromic
kernels, by the figures of mitosises, by atypia. Atypical ferrous structures grow in a
myometrium. For
what pathological process characteristic such microscopically change?
+ Adenocarcinoma of uterus
- It is ferrous Hyperplasia of endometrium
- Sharp endometritis
- Chorionepithelioma of the uterus
?
At microscopic research of biopsy of neck of uterus cellular and nuclear atypia is
exposed multi-layered flat epithelium, pathological mitosises, and also horny pearls at
back of ephithelial layers. Your diagnosis:
+ Flat cell crawfish with the cornification
- It is transitional-cellular crawfish
- Flat cell crawfish without the cornification
- Ferrous crawfish
- Anaplastic crawfish
?
At a patient at the roentgenologic inspection in flat bones the plural hearths of
osteoporosis are exposed and osteolisis high maintenance of tumular plasmatic cells is
exposed In trepanobioptate. Your diagnosis:
+ Myelomatosis
- Sharp monocytic leucosis
- Chronic myeloleykosis
- Megakaryoblastoma
- Histiocytosis
?
16
At endoscopic research of urinary bladder the conducted biopsy of tumour, consisting
of branching out papillae thin, covered by a few rows of cells of transitional epithelium.
Name a tumour.
+ Villoma
- Basalioma
- Transitioncell carcinoma
- Flatcell carcinoma
- Fibro adenoma
?
|At microscopic research of biopsy of colon a tumour is exposed from a prismatic
epithelium which forms the атипические ferrous structures of different form and size.
Cells are polymorphic, kernels hyperchromic, I am pathological mitosises. The basale
membrane of glands is blasted. Your diagnosis.
+ Adenocarcinoma
- basale-cellular crawfish
- Solid crawfish
- Mucous crawfish
- Undifferentiated crawfish
?
For histological research an eyeball is delivered , in the vascular shell of which
tumular formation is exposed 0.4 см of black. In cells are plural pathological mitosises
and in a cytoplasm many the pigent of yellow-brown color concernes of them. Your
diagnosis?
+ Melanoma
- Neurioma
- Angiosacoma
- Neuroblastoma
- Ganglioneuroblastoma
?
In a skin exposed dense, mobile, expressly the tumour delimited from surrounding
fabrics. On a cut she white color, presented by fibred fabric. Microscopically -
collogens fibres are chaotically casebound, cells are little. Name a
tumour?
+ Fibroma
- Mioma
- Histiocytoma
- Dermatofibroma
- Desmoid
?
17
At histological research of new formation skin it is exposed: a parenchima
is formed from an integumentary epithelium with the megascopic number of layers.
Stroma together with excrescences of epithelium forms papillae. Specify the type of
atypism.
+ Tissue
- Cellular
- Histiochemical
- Functional
- Metabolic
18
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who suffered from numerous pathological
fractures during his lifetime, revealed changes in his long tubular bones: the bones
of the thigh and shin were bent, in some places they resembled spirals, their
surface was tuberous, a section revealed an obliterated medullary channel and a
change in the compact structure of the cortical layer by the spongy type.
Microscopically, there was a mosaic type of the bone structures: against a
background of a disordered thin-fibrous or lamellar structure of the bone
fragments there were numerous cavities of sinusal resorption combined with signs
of new formation of the osseous tissue. The arteries, which supplied the bone
tissue, were dilated and convoluted. Name a diagnosis.
+ Deforming osteodystrophy
- Osteopetrosis
- Parathyroid osteodystrophy
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Chronic osteomyelitis
?
A 20-year-old girl developed complaints about an expressed fatiguability of her
ocular, masticatory, speech and deglutitive groups of muscles, when the normal
contraction of the muscles after great activity absolutely discontinued, but after
some rest the functioning of the muscles was restored again. Some time later the
pathological process involved the muscles of the extremities and intercostal ones.
An inadequate ventilation of the lungs resulted in development of the secondary
lobular pneumonia which caused the patient's death. An autopsy revealed an
atrophy of the striated muscles, their dystrophy with focal clusters of the
lymphocytes in the
- Tuberculosis
- Actinomycosis
+ Syphilis
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Leprosy
?
On autopsy of a 40-year-old male, who died from intoxication, his small intestine
contained groups of follicles which rose above the mucous coat. Their surface had
grooves and convolutions, their pattern resembling the cerebral surface. Against a
background of loss of lymphocytes, a microscopic examination of the follicles
revealed a proliferation of monocytes, histiocytes and reticular cells, as well as
clusters of macrophages which formed granulomata. What disease are the
described changes typical for?
- Dysentery
- Salmonellosis
- Amoebiasis
+ Typhoid fever
- Cholera
?
On visual examination of a male, who was admitted in a severe state and with a
high body temperature, the physician noticed that the inguinal lymph nodes were
enlarged up to 8 cm in diameter, tightly united with the surrounding tissue and
immobile, the skin above them was hyperaemic and sharply tender. A
microscopic examination revealed the most acute serous-haemorrhagic
inflammation in a lymph node. From his case history it was known that the patient
had spent some time before on a mountain pasture. What disease is characterized
by the changes described?
- Tularaemia
+ Plague
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
?
A 40-year-old male hunter at first noticed appearance of some pustule on the
index finger of his right hand, later it turned into an ulcer with uneven edges. His
right axillary lymph nodes were significantly enlarged and tightly united among
themselves. A biopsy of the finger skin was made. Its microscopic examination
revealed necrosis of the epithelium and underlying tissues, the derma had
granulomata consisting of epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, a large number of
segmented leukocytes and giant cells. There were areas of necrosis and
suppuration in the centres of the granulomata. What are these changes typical for?
- Tuberculosis
- Syphilis
+ Tularaemia
- Brucellosis
- Actinomycosis
?
A 35-year-old milkmaid died from cardiovascular insufficiency. On autopsy, a
pathologist diagnosed polypous-ulcerous endocarditis of the aortic valve.
Microscopically, the aortic valve revealed an inflammatory infiltration by
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, areas of ulceration and thrombi with organization.
The myocardial stroma was characterized by sclerosis and granulomata consisting
of disorderly located epithelioid, giant, plasma cells and eosinophils, the vessels
had vasculitis. What disease is characterized by the described changes in the
heart?
+ Brucellosis
- Chronic sepsis
- Rheumatism
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Systemic scleroderma
?
A 45-year-old female furrier died from brain oedema. On autopsy, the pia mater
in the vault and base of the skull were dark red and impregnated with blood, as if
they were covered with a "red cap"; the brain substance was oedematous, the stem
was strangulated in the great foramen. Microscopically, the pia mater had a
haemorrhagic inflammation, the cerebral tissue was characterized by a serous-
haemorrhagic inflammation, necrosis of the walls of small vessels, numerous
haemorrhages. What disease was the patient most probably ill with?
- Tuberculous leptomeningitis
- Meningococcal leptomeningitis
- Meningococcal meningoencephalitis
- Subarachnoid haemorrhage
+ Anthrax
?
A 40-year-old male butcher died from sepsis. His right cheek had a dark red,
conical and dense infiltrate, 5 cm in diameter, with a black coal-like centre. The
right halves of the face and neck were oedematous and dense. The cervical lymph
nodes were enlarged, on section they were dark red, the surrounding fat was red
and oedematous. A microscopic examination revealed the most acute serous-
haemorrhagic inflammation in the infiltrate, the centre of the latter had necrosis of
the epidermis and underlying layers, the lymph nodes and fat were characterized
by a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation. What disease should be suspected?
- Tularaemia
+ Anthrax
- Plague
- Carbuncle
- Furuncle
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from uraemia, revealed deformity of the spinal
column with a sharp limitation of mobility. The articular cartilages of small joints
of the spinal column were destroyed, there were some expressed signs of a
prolonged chronic inflammation in the articular tissues, the cavities of the joints
were filled with the connective tissue, but in some places with the osseous one
together with formation of ankyloses. The aorta, heart and lungs revealed a
chronic inflammation and focal sclerosis. The kidneys were characterized by
amyloidosis. What diagnosis was the most probable in this case?
- Paget's disease (deforming osteosis)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
+ Bekhterev's disease
- Parathyroid osteodystrophy
- Osteopetrosis (marble bone disease)
?
The disease in a male patient began with chills, an elevation of the body
temperature up to 40°C, a headache, a cough, dyspnoea. On the 5th day, under the
phenomena of respiratory insufficiency, the patient died. On autopsy it was found
that the lungs were enlarged and motley by appearance. Against a background of
an impairment of circulation and massive haemorrhages, a microscopic
examination revealed numerous foci of serous-haemorrhagic pneumonia, foci of
an emphysema and atelectasis. What disease is characterized by such a picture in
the lungs?
- Croupous pneumonia
- Adenovirus infection
+ Influenza
- Respiratory-syncytial infection
- Parainfluenza
?
The grouped lymphatic follicles of the small intestine are enlarged and rise above
the surface of the mucous membrane, their surface has grooves and convolutions
resembling the cerebral surface; on section, the follicles are grey-red and
succulent. Microscopically, the follicles are characterized by a proliferation of the
monocytes and histiocytes, the clusters of macrophages form typhoid fever
granulomata. Name the stage of typhoid fever.
+ Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Formation of ulcers
- Clear ulcers
- Healing
?
A visual examination of the fauces in a 5-year-old child revealed that the faucial
and tonsillar mucosae were hyperaemic, the tonsils were enlarged and covered
with some yellow-whitish dense films, which were removed with difficulty
leaving a deep tissue defect at the place of their removal. The soft tissues of the
neck were oedematous, the cervical regional lymph nodes were enlarged and
tender. What disease might be suspected?
+ Diphtheria of fauces and tonsils
- Scarlet fever
- Measles
- Parotitis
- Adenovirus infection
?
A 5-year-old child developed rhinitis and tickling in the throat, an elevation of the
body temperature up to 40cC, later accompanied by a sharp headache, vomiting,
restlessness and chills. Four days later he also had a haemorrhagic eruption on the
skin, oliguria and adrenal insufficiency, that caused the patient's death. On
bacteriological examination of smears from the nasopharynx, a meningococcus
was revealed. What form of the disease took place?
- Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
- Meningococcal meningitis
- Meningoencephalitis
+ Meningococcaemia
?
A child, who acutely fell ill with scarlet fever, developed a significant
enlargement and a bright hyperaemia of the tonsils, their surface and the depth of
their tissue had greyish dim foci and ulcers with uneven edges. Name the form of
tonsillitis which accompanied the disease.
- Fibrinous
+ Necrotic
- Superficial
- Lacunar
- Follicular
?
An autopsy of a 18-year-old youth, who acutely fell ill and died from an
infectious toxic shock, revealed enlarged tonsils, covered with grey-white films
which spread to his palatine arches, as well as an oedema of the soft tissues of the
neck. A histological examination revealed necrosis of the epithelium of the tonsils
and arches, the underlying tissues were impregnated with some fibrinous exudate
which formed massive depositions on the surface. Make a diagnosis of the
infectious disease.
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Scarlet fever
- Adenovirus infection
+ Diphtheria
- Staphylococcal infection
?
In an 8-year-old child, the disease began acutely with catarrhal phenomena,
hyperthermia, whitish spots on the buccal mucosa against the lower premolars; on
the 4lh day these signs were accompanied by macromacular exanthema, on the
6th day the patient developed signs of respiratory insufficiency, that progressed
and resulted in a lethal outcome on the 8th day of the disease. A histological
examination of the lungs revealed necrotic panbronchitis, a focal emphysema, an
infiltration of the interalveolar septa by lymphocytes, plasma cells and histiocytes,
while the alveolar walls contained giant cells with eosinophilic inclusions in the
cytoplasm and parietally located "hyaline membranes". Make a diagnosis of the
infectious disease which is characterized by the changes in the lungs described.
- Adenovirus infection
- Respiratory-syncytial infection
- Parainfluenza
- Influenza
+ Measles
?
An autopsy of a 50-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis and died under
the phenomena of cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed the lobar type of
affection of his lungs: The upper lobe of the right lung was enlarged and dense, on
section it was yellow, the pleura had fibrinous superpositions. Name the form of
secondary tuberculosis.
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
- Infiltrative tuberculosis
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
+ Caseous pneumonia
?
An autopsy of a 17-year-old girl, who died from pulmonary insufficiency,
revealed in the lower lobe of her right lung some confluent areas of caseous
necrosis which were surrounded by fresh foci of an exudative inflammation; the
bronchopulmonary, bronchial and bifurcation lymph nodes were characterized by
phenomena of caseous necrosis. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the
most probable?
+ Growth of primary affect in primary tuberculosis
- Haematogenic form in progression of primary tuberculosis
- Haematogenic tuberculosis with predominant affection of lungs
- Tuberculoma
- Caseous pneumonia in secondary tuberculosis
?
A visual examination of the corpse of a 40-year-old male, who died from heart
failure, revealed traces of a rash in the form of brown spots and points on his skin,
as well as a conjunctival eruption. There were bedsores in the regions of the
sacrum and spinous processes of the vertebrae, and paraffinomata in the places of
subcutaneous injections of drugs. A microscopic examination of the CNS, skin,
adrenal glands revealed destructive-proliferative endothrombovasculitis in the
vessels of the microcirculation and small arteries of the above organs with
presence of Popov's granulomata, and there was isolated myocarditis in the heart.
Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Kussmaul's disease
- Q fever
- Enteric fever
+ Epidemic typhus
- HIV infection
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from tularaemia, revealed signs of the
haemorrhagic syndrome in the form of a petechial rash on the skin, haemorrhages
in the serous and mucous membranes, as well as in the internal organs. The spleen
was enlarged, gave an abundant scrape of the pulp, the lymph nodes were
enlarged, the marrow was characterized by an increased blood circulation. What
form of iiiluiucniia Joes this picture correspond to?
+ Typhoid
- Pulmonary
- Bubonic
- Primary tularaemic affect
?
An autopsy of a male cattle-breeder, who was ill for 3.5 months and died from
heart failure, revealed polypous-ulcerous endocarditis of the aortic valve,
productive myocarditis with presence of granulomata, systemic allergic
productive-destructive vasculitis, hyperplasia of the spleen. Name the disease.
- Relapsing fever
+ Brucellosis
- Plague
- Tularaemia
- Anthrax
?
A male patient complained of a fever, a severe headache, dyspnoea, and
tachycardia. He died under the phenomena of heart failure. On visual examination
of the body, roseolae and petechiae on the skin of the thorax, bedsores of the shins
and a gangrene of the toes were found. A histological examination of the
myelencephalon tissue revealed a hyperaemia, stases, perivascular cuffs of plasma
cells and foci of a proliferation of the microglia (Popov's granulomata). What is
your diagnosis?
- Anthracic meningoencephalitis
- Meningococcal meningoencephalitis
+ Epidemic typhus
- Typhoid fever
- Rubella
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who died under the phenomena of heart failure,
revealed jaundice, numerous haemorrhages on the skin, in the conjunctiva of the
eyes, on the serous and mucous membranes, as well as some thickening of the
ungual phalanges, foci of necrosis in the subcutaneous fat, polypous-ulcerous
endocarditis of the aortic valve with perforation of one of the cusps, sclerosis,
calcinosis and deformity of the others. Histologically, an infiltration of the stroma
of the internal organs by lymphocytes, histiocytes and macrophages, as well as
endo-and perivasculititides were found. Name the disease.
- Rheumatism
- Atherosclerotic defect of aortic valve
- Libman-Sacks endocarditis
+ Bacterial endocarditis
- Loffler's endocarditis
?
An autopsy of a male, who died from sepsis, revealed a purulent melting of the
tissue of the neck and the fat of the anterior mediastinum. Histologically, there
were a lot of small abscesses with a honeycomb structure, whose centres had
basophilic homogenous formations to which some short rod-like structures were
connected with one end. What is your diagnosis?
+ Actinomycosis
- Tuberculosis
- Diphtheria
- Leishmaniasis
- Scarlet fever
?
A 7-year-old child developed a pain in the throat, his body temperature rose. On
the 2nd day of his disease there appeared red eruptions on the skin in the form of
small and densely located spots which covered all the body, excluding the
nasolabial triangle. A visual examination revealed a bright reddening in the
fauces,
the tonsils were enlarged and hyperaemic, the tongue was crimson-red and dry.
What is your diagnosis?
- Streptococcal tonsillitis
- Measles
- Faucial diphtheria
- Adenovirus infection
+ Scarlet fever
?
An autopsy of a cachectic 36-year-old male, who during 10 years was suffering
from femoral osteomyelitis with periodic elevations of the body temperature up to
38°C, general weakness, a headache, and manifestations of intoxication and died
from a progressing renal failure, revealed amyloid shrunk kidneys, a brown
atrophy of the myocardium and liver, a sago spleen. What kind of sepsis was the
complication of osteomyelitis in this case?
- Septic endocarditis
- Fulminant sepsis
- Septicopyaemia
- Septicaemia
+ Chronic septicaemia
?
An autopsy of a 46-year-old male, who died from intoxication, revealed mucus
and some blood in the lumens of the rectum and sigmoid colon, the mucous
membrane had numerous brown-green membranous superpositions and
haemorrhages. Microscopically, fibrinous colitis was found. On bacteriological
examination of the intestinal contents, Shigella sonnei was isolated. Make a
diagnosis of the disease.
- Cholera
- Salmonellosis
+ Dysentery
- Yersiniosis
- Crohn's disease
?
An autopsy of an 8-year-old boy, who was ill with diphtheria of the fauces and
tonsils and died on the 2nd week, after the onset of the disease, revealed changes
in the myocardium in the form of microfocal necroses and an oedema of the
stroma. Diagnose the kind of myocarditis.
+ Alterative
- Septic
- Productive granulomatous
- Productive diffuse
- Focal exudative
?
On autopsy of a 48-year-old male it was found that the area of the Is' segment of
the right lung had a round formation, 5 cm in diameter, with clear contours; it was
surrounded by a layer of the connective tissue and represented by white-yellowish
crumbling masses. Diagnose the form of secondary tuberculosis.
- Caseous pneumonia
+ Tuberculoma
- Acute cavernous tuberculosis
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
?
A 34-year-old male injection addict died from progressing respiratory
insufficiency. A pathoanatomical examination revealed the following changes:
enlarged peribronchial, bifurcation, paratracheal and paraaortic lymph nodes; the
pulmonary tissue was air-free, the surface of its section discharged a large amount
of some mucous-foamy viscous fluid. Microscopically, the lumens of alveoli
contained foamy eosinophilic masses and clusters of macrophages, among which
on silvering some small round grey-black corpuscles with a light area in the
centre were identified. Make a diagnosis of the disease.
- Streptococcal pneumonia
- Lung candidiasis
- Pneumococcal pneumonia
- Cytomegalovirus pneumonia
+ Pneumocystic pneumonia
?
A 10-year-old girl was admitted to a traumatology department with signs of a
pathological fracture of her right femur. A histological examination of the
operational material revealed that the bone marrow of the removed femoral
fragment had numerous foci of caseous necrosis surrounded on periphery by
epithelioid cells and solitary Pirogov-Langhans cells; the regions of caseous
necrosis spread to the adjacent areas of the bone tissue destroying them. Make a
diagnosis of the disease.
-Tuberculous spondylitis
+ Tuberculous osteomyelitis
- Hip-joint disease
- Poncet's disease
- Traumatic spondylitis
?
A 4-year-old boy was hospitalized to a resuscitation department due to a
progressing drop of his blood pressure. Twenty-four hours after the moment of
admission to the hospital the boy died from an uncontrolled collapse. A
pathoanatomical examination revealed the following changes: macroscopically,
there were diffuse subcutaneous haemorrhages with foci of necrosis, bilateral
massive haemorrhages in the cortical layer of the both adrenal glands, ischaemia
of the cortical layer of the kidneys and hyperaemia of the malpighian pyramids in
the medullary layer. Histologically, a disseminated intravascular blood
coagulation, a necrosis of the epithelium in the renal tubules, alterative changes in
the liver, myocardium and brain were found. Diagnose the disease.
- Generalized viral infection
- Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
+ Meningococcaemia
- Fulminant sepsis
?
A 40-year-old male prisoner died at a corrective labour settlement from
tuberculosis. An autopsy revealed a deformity and a reduction of the apices of his
both lungs in size, numerous cavities with dense walls in the upper lobes of the
both lungs, disseminated foci (5 mm to 2 cm in diameter) of caseous necrosis in
the lower lobes of the lungs, a hypertrophy of the myocardium and a dilation of
the cavities of the right ventricle and atrium. Diagnose the form of tuberculosis..
+ Secondary fibrocavernous
- Secondary fibrofocal
- Haematogenous macrofocal with affection of lungs
- Primary with growth of primary affect
- Secondary cirrhotic
?
On autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who died from intoxication, the wall of the
ileum revealed some grouped and solitary follicles which rose above the level of
the mucous coat and whose surface had numerous grooves and convolutions.
Histologically, the follicles were characterized by a proliferation of monocytes,
histiocytes and reticular cells, as well as large macrophages with a light
cytoplasm, and these macrophages formed granulomata. The above picture is
typical for:
- Cholera
- Dysentery
+ Typhoid fever
- Yersiniosis
- Salmonellosis
?
A 10-year-old child developed a sharp pain on swallowing, an oedema of his
neck, the body temperature rose up to 39°C, against a background of the general
hyperaemia of the skin there rapidly appeared bright red microfocal eruptions all
over the body, excluding the region of the nasolabial triangle. The fauces and
tonsils were acutely plethoric (the "glowing fauces"), and he had a "strawberry
tongue". The tonsillar surface had solitary greyish foci of necroses. What disease
might it be?
- Measles
- Influenza
- Diphtheria
- Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
+ Scarlet fever
?
An autopsy of a 40-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis for 10 years, the
1st and 2nd segments of the right lung revealed some cavity with a dense wall.
The inner surface of the cavity was uneven, with beams which represented
obliterated
bronchi or thrombosed vessels. The middle and lower lobes were dense, on section
they had yellowish foci. What form of tuberculosis may be suspected in the
patient?
- Tuberculoma
- Acute cavernous
- Fibrofocal
+ Fibrocavernous
- Cirrhotic
?
An autopsy of a female, who died 4 days after a criminal abortion, revealed
jaundice, an expressed thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome, fibrinous-purulent
endometritis, necronephrosis in the kidneys, a septic hyperplasia of the spleen.
Name the clinical-morphological form of sepsis.
- Chronic septicaemia
- Bacterial shock
- Septicopyaemia
+ Septicaemia
- Septic endometritis
?
Colonoscopy in a male patient, who was ill with dysentery, revealed that the
mucous membrane of the large intestine was hyperaemic and oedematous, its
surface was covered with grey-green films. Name the morphological form of
dysenteric colitis.
- Catarrhal
- Ulcerous
- Purulent
- Necrotic
+ Fibrinous
?
Colonoscopy in a male patient on the 5lh day after the onset of diarrhoea revealed
in the inflamed mucous membrane of his rectum some grey-green membranous
superpositions tightly connected with the underlying tissues. What is the most
probable diagnosis?
- Typhoid fever
- Nonspecific ulcerous colitis
+ Dysentery
- Salmonellosis
- Crohn's disease
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who died one week after the beginning of a profuse
diarrhoea, revealed a sharply expressed ex'icosis, the tissues were dry, the blood
was thick. On bacteriological examination of the contents of the small intestine,
that resembled rice water, vibrios were found. What disease caused the patient's
death?
+ Cholera
- Dysentery
- Typhoid fever
- Salmonellosis
- Food intoxication
?
An autopsy of a 52-year-old male, who died from intoxication, revealed in his
lungs a primary tuberculous complex in the form of a focus of caseous
pneumonia, lymphangitis and caseous bronchoadenitis; the pia mater in the base
and on the lateral surfaces of the brain, the spleen, the kidneys and the liver
contained a large number of grey dense nodules 0.5-1 mm in diameter. On
histological examination, the nodules consisted of epithelioid, lymphoid and some
giant cells with nuclei located on the periphery of the cells in the form of a
horseshoe. Name the form of tuberculosis.
+ Miliary tuberculosis
- Caseous pneumonia
- Tuberculous bronchoadenitis
- Macrofocal acute miliary tuberculosis
- Primary pulmonary phthisis
?
An autopsy of a 1.5-year-old child, who died from acute renal failure, revealed
haemorrhagic eruptions on the skin, a moderate hyperaemia and an oedema of the
nasopharyngeal mucosa, microfocal haemorrhages in the mucous membranes and
internal organs, sharp dystrophic changes in the liver and myocardium, acute
necrotic nephrosis, massive haemorrhages in the adrenal glands. What disease is
the most typically characterized by the revealed changes?
- Septic scarlet fever
+ Meningococcaemia
- Faucial diphtheria
- Toxic scarlet fever
- Toxic form of influenza
?
The disease in a child began with a high body temperature, a pain in the throat,
some swelling of the submandibular lymph nodes. On visual examination of the
fauces, its surface was oedematous and moderately hyperaemic, the tonsils were
enlarged and covered with white-greyish films which were tightly united with the
underlying tissues, any attempt to remove them caused formation of bleeding
defects. What disease are the revealed changes typical for?
- Catarrhal angina
- Scarlet fever
+ Diphtheria
- Meningococcal infection
- Measles
?
The disease in a 6-year-old girl began acutely with a pain in the throat, a high
body temperature, a bit later she developed a microfocal rash on the skin. A visual
examination of the oral cavity revealed a sharp faucial hyperaemia, a "strawberry
tongue", enlarged bright red tonsils with some greyish and yellowish dim foci
involving the peritonsillar tissues, and enlarged submandibular lymph nodes.
What disease are these changes typical for?
- Toxic scarlet fever
- Faucial diphtheria
- Laryngeal diphtheria
+ Septic scarlet fever
- Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
?
The disease in a child began with acute rhinitis, tickling in the throat and malaise,
later accompanied by a high body temperature, a headache, nausea, vomiting. The
child was hospitalized at an infectious department, but 2 days later he died in spite
of the treatment. An autopsy revealed sharply thickened, yellowish-greenish, dim,
oedematous and plethoric pia mater, the brain was sharply oedematous with a
strangulation of its stem in the great foramen. What disease is characterized by the
above clinical-morphological data?
- Meningococcaemia
- Poliomyelitis
- Diphtheria
- Septic scarlet fever
+ Meningococcal meningitis
?
A 40-year-old male butcher died from sepsis. His right cheek had a dark red,
conical and dense infiltrate, 6 cm in diameter, with a black crust in its centre.. The
right halves of the face and neck were oedematous and dense. A microscopic
examination revealed an acute serous-haemorrhagic inflammation in the infiltrate,
the centre of the latter had necrosis of the epidermis and underlying tissues. What
diagnosis did a pathologist make?
+ Anthrax
- Plague
- Tularaemia
- Phlegmon of neck
- Furuncle
?
During an operation for elimination of phimosis, a round ulcer with a smooth
bottom and dense edges was found on the glans penis. On a microscopic
examination of the tissue taken from an edge of the ulcer a pathologist found a
polymorphous infiltrate consisting of disorderly located plasma and lymphoid
elements with some admixture of heterophilic leukocytes and epithelioid cells; the
infiltrate was located mostly around small vessels. The vessels were characterized
by phenomena of endangiitis. What disease are the described changes typical for?
+ Syphilis
- Brucellosis
- Poliomyelitis
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Rheumatism
?
The 8th segment of a surgically removed (owing to a suppurated cyst) lobe of the
lung revealed a focus, 1.8 cm in diameter, which had an irregularly rounded form
and was dense to touch. On section, the focus was white-yellow, dim and had
small areas of bone density. What is this macroscopic picture typical for?
- Peripheral carcinoma
- Chondroma
- Carnification
+ Healed tuberculous affect
- Chronic pneumonia
?
The mucous membrane of the right tonsil revealed a painless ulcer with a smooth
vanished bottom and even edges of the chondroid density. Microscopically, a
biopsy from the ulcer edge had a perivascular inflammatory infiltrate consisting
of lymphocytes, plasmacytes, some neutrophils and epithelioid cells. The vessels
were characterized by a proliferation of endotheliocytes up to the absolute closure
of the lumens. Name the disease.
- Ulceronecrotic angina
- Actinomycosis
+ Syphilis
- Candidiasis
- Faucial diphtheria
?
In a male cattle-breeder, the disease began with appearance of some red spot on
the skin of his right arm; at first, a vesicle with some serous-haemorrhagic fluid
formed in the centre of the spot, but later the central part of the vesicle necrotized
and became black. The axillary lymph nodes were sharply enlarged and dark red
on section. Microscopically, a biopsy of the skin and lymph nodes had a picture
of acute serous-haemorrhagic inflammation. What disease was the most probable?
- Tularaemia
- Streptococcal pyoderma
- Plague
- Actinomycosis of skin
+ Anthrax
?
A geologist, who several months before had been on an expedition in the Central
Asia, had paroxysms of a fever, an icteric colouring of the skin, hypochromic
anaemia and loss of body mass during his life-time. On autopsy, a sharp
enlargement of the spleen and liver, as well as hyperplasia of the marrow were
found. Microscopically, there was haemomelanosis of the liver, spleen and
marrow. What disease are such changes typical for?
- Amoebiasis
- Chronic septicaemia
- Epidemic typhus
+ Malaria
- Relapsing fever
?
The disease in a male hunter began with an elevation of his body temperature up
to 37-38°C, increased reflex excitability, a disturbance of sleep and hydrophobia.
Later these signs were accompanied by spasms of the muscles of the larynx and
pharynx, as well as those of respiration. The patient's death was caused by arrest
of respiration. On autopsy, an oedema and plethora of the brain, as well as small
haemorrhages in the region of the myelencephalon were found. On histological
examination of the brain, its stem part, walls of the 3rd ventricle and hippocampus
revealed necrosis of the nerve cells which were surrounded (as well as small
vessels) by nodules consisting of clusters of microglial and lymphoid cells. The
cytoplasm of the nerve cells of the hippocampus contained some rounded
eosinophilic inclusions (Babes-Negri bodies). What disease is characterized by
the picture described?
- Epidemic typhus
+ Rabies
- Poliomyelitis
- Tick-borne encephalitis
- Typhoid fever
?
A 21-year-old male patient with faucial diphtheria died on the 5th day from acute
heart failure. On autopsy, the following changes were found: the both tonsils were
covered with massive grey films tightly united with the underlying tissues; the left
ventricular cavity was dilated, the myocardium was flaccid and motley all the way
long - small grey-yellow areas were alternated with microfocal reddish foci.
Microscopically, the myocardium had necroses of groups of cardiomyocytes
which were surrounded by polymorphocellular inflammatory infiltrates on the
periphery. What was the morphological substrate of acute heart failure?
- Diffuse isolated myocarditis
- Focal exudative myocarditis
- Diffuse exudative myocarditis
+ Alterative myocarditis
- Granulomatous myocarditis
?
An autopsy of a male revealed signs of septicopyaemia and polypous-ulcerous
endocarditis of the aortic valve. From the case history it is known that the septic
state had been lasting in the patient for 1.5-2 months. Name the most reliable
pathomorphological sign of polypous-ulcerous endocarditis.
- Defect of aortic valve
- Massive thrombotic superpositions on valvular cusps
+ Colonies of bacteria in thrombotic superpositions
- Deformities and ulcerations of valve
- Petrification of valvular cusps
?
An autopsy of a child, who suffered from purulent omphalitis during his lifetime,
revealed abscesses in the liver, an enlarged spleen with a thick scrape of the pulp,
purulent meningoencephalitis and ulcerous-purulent colitis. Name the disease.
- Meningococcal meningoencephalitis
+ Septicopyaemia
- Septicaemia
- Ulcerative colitis
- Dysentery
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from a rupture of an aneurysm in the ascending
aorta, some whitish nodules were found on the inner surface of the aneurysm. A
microscopic examination of the middle coat of the aorta revealed around the
microvessels some infiltrates, consisting of lymphocytes and plasmacytes, with an
admixture of Pirogov-Langhans giant multinucleate cells. What is your diagnosis?
+ Syphilitic mesaortitis
- Atherosclerosis
- Nonspecific aortitis
- Obliterating endarteritis
- Polyarteritis nodosa
?
The disease in a 35-year-old male began acutely with diarrhoea and numerous
vomitings, his faeces were watery. Against a background of a sharply expressed
dehydration, he developed spasms followed by a comatose state, and the patient
died. On autopsy, an expressed cadaveric rigidity, a dry wrinkled skin of the
hands and blood thickening were found. The lumen of the small intestine was
sharply dilated and overfilled with some colourless fluid which resembled rice
water. The mucous coats of the stomach and intestine were oedematous, with a lot
of microfocal haemorrhages. Microscopically, serous-haemorrhagic
gastroenteritis was revealed. What is your diagnosis?
- Salmonellosis
- Yersiniosis
- Colibacillosis
+ Cholera
- Typhoid fever
?
The disease in a 29-year-old male hunter acutely began with an elevation of his
body temperature up to 38-40°C, chills, muscle pains, nasal bleeding. A papule up
to 1.5 cm in diameter appeared on his hand, the former rapidly turned into a
pustule and later into a very painful ulcer. Axillary lymphadenopathy developed.
On histological examination of a skin biopsy, the derma revealed granulomata
consisting of epithelioid, lymphoid, multinucleate giant cells and
polymorphonuclear leukocytes; the centres of the granulomata had necroses.
Granulomata of the same structure, foci of necrosis and suppuration were found in
the lymph nodes. What is your diagnosis?
- Brucellosis
- Plague
+ Tularaemia
- Actinomycosis
- Anthrax
?
A male worker of a farm acutely fell ill and died under increasing phenomena of
intoxication. On autopsy, an enlarged dark cherry flaccid spleen giving an
abundant scrape of pulp was found. The pia mater of the vault and base of the
skull were dark red, oedematous and impregnated with blood (a "cardinal's cap").
Microscopically, there was a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation of the pia mater
and brain tissue with destruction of the walls of small vessels. What is your
diagnosis?
- Tularaemia
+ Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Plague
- Meningococcal meningoencephalitis
?
For a long time a 45-year-old countrywoman complained of weakness, insomnia,
irritability, pains in her muscles and joints, an elevation of the body temperature
up to 37.1-37.3°C. Her death came under the phenomena of multiorgan
insufficiency. On autopsy, the organs revealed granulomata formed by epithelioid
cells, disorderly located Pirogov-Langhans giant cells and a small number of
plasma cells and eosinophils. The granulomata had a lot of vessels, there were no
foci of necrosis, and systemic productive-destructive vasculitis was revealed.
What is your diagnosis?
+ Brucellosis
- Tularaemia
- Plague
- Tuberculosis
- Anthrax
?
The disease in a 67-year-old woman acutely began with an expressed oedema and
tenderness of the skin and soft tissues of the neck. A phlegmon of neck and
mediastinitis were diagnosed. The patient died under the increasing phenomena of
intoxication. On autopsy, the left tonsil was slightly enlarged and dense; on
section, it was yellowish-greenish and had a lot of small cavities which imparted a
honeycomb structure to it. The soft tissues of the neck and the fat of the anterior
mediastinum had signs of purulent melting. Microscopically, the tissue had a lot
of small abscesses, their centres having intensive basophilic formations, which
consisted of short rod-like elements connected with their one end to the common
centre. What is your diagnosis?
- Amoebiasis
- Leishmaniasis
- Brucellosis
+ Actinomycosis
- Giardiasis
?
An autopsy of a 43-year-old male, who died at a surgical department from
generalized purulent peritonitis, revealed Peyer's patches in the distal part of the
small intestine; they protruded into the lumen, the surface of some of them was
covered with brownish-greenish structure-free masses, in the centre of some
patches with a clear bottom there were defects spreading to the serous layer. What
disease is characterized by the changes found in the small intestine?
+ Typhoid fever
- Dysentery
- Intestinal tuberculosis
- Crohn's disease
- Staphylococcal enteritis
?
A male patient, who came from the Central Asia, had persistent diarrhoeae, a loss
of body weight and signs of intoxication against whose background he died. An
autopsy revealed numerous hepatic abscesses, the caecum was characterized by
dingy green areas of necrosis of its mucous membrane, these areas slightly rose
above its surface and penetrated into the muscular layer. The ulcers resulting from
the necrosis were characterized by undermined edges which hung over their
bottom. The inflammatory reaction in the intestinal wall was poorly expressed.
What was the most probable disease in that case?
- Bacterial dysentery
- Cholera
- Typhoid fever
+ Amoebiasis
- Salmonellosis
?
A 48-year-old male died from progressing cardiopulmonary insufficiency. From
his case history it is known that before he had been ill with primary tuberculosis.
An autopsy revealed a pulmonary emphysema, reticular pneumosclerosis, white-
grey foci with corticopleural localization and a hypertrophy of the right ventricle
of the heart. The mesenterial lymph nodes had a picture of tuberculous
lymphadenitis. On microscopic examination, the pulmonary tissue was
characterized by prevalence of a productive tissue reaction with formation of
tuberculous granulomata. What form of pulmonary tuberculosis is such a picture
typical for?
- Acute focal
- Fibrofocal
- Infiltrative
+ Haematogenous-disseminated
- Miliary
?
Three days after a criminal abortion a female developed an elevation of her body
temperature up to 40°C, cloudiness of consciousness, petechial haemorrhages on
her skin. Two days later she died under increasing phenomena of intoxication. An
autopsy revealed jaundice, petechial haemorrhages in the serous and mucous
membranes, a sharp enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes. Microscopically,
the spleen and lymph nodes were characterized by a proliferation of the lymphoid
and reticular cells, as well as a large number of immature forms of haemopoiesis.
Besides, there were dystrophic changes and an interstitial inflammation in the
liver, kidneys, heart, as well as disseminated necrotic vasculititides. What was the
most probable form of sepsis?
- Septicopyaemia
- Chernogubov's disease
+ Septicaemia
- Chronic sepsis
- Fulminant sepsis
?
An 8-year-old girl, who was ill with diphtheria, died under the phenomena of
heart failure. On section, the myocardium was flaccid, the cavities of the heart
chambers were dilated. Microscopically, there were expressed dystrophic and
necrotic changes of the cardiomyocytes, a plethora of the vessels, lymphocytic
infiltrates in the stroma. What myocarditis resulted in the failure of heart activity?
- Diffuse isolated exudative
+ Alterative
- Focal isolated exudative
- Isolated productive
- Productive granulomatous
?
A boy, who was ill with chronic tuberculous bronchoadenitis with periods of
exacerbation and remission, developed oedema and deformity of the joints. The
skin tuberculin test was positive. A biopsy of the synovial membrane revealed an
oedema and a diffuse proliferation of the lymphocytes and macrophages. Name
the most probable diagnosis.
- Rheumatic arthritis
+ Poncet's disease
- Rheumatism
- Bekhterev's disease
- Nonspecific polyarthritis
?
On the 5 th day after the appearance of a fever a male patient developed
exanthemata on the skin and a sharp drop of the arterial pressure. During the 3rd
week of his disease he revealed bedsores and bulbar disorders in the form of
disturbances of swallowing and breathing. He died from heart failure. A
pathoanatomical examination revealed serous meningitis, destructive-proliferative
endothrombovasculitis, Popov's granulomata in the myelencephalon, isolated
myocarditis, necroses and haemorrhages in the adrenal glands. Name the most
probable disease.
- Scarlet fever
+ Epidemic typhus
- Measles
- Typhoid fever
- Influenza
?
An autopsy of an old male, who suffered from an intestinal dysfunction during the
previous two weeks, revealed changes in the rectum and sigmoid: their walls were
thickened, the lumen was narrowed, there was a brown-green film located on the
surface and between the folds and tightly connected with the underlying tissues.
Microscopically, there was necrosis of the mucous membrane involving it with a
different depth, the necrotic masses were pierced with threads of fibrin, there were
foci of haemorrhages and a leukocytic infiltration. Which of the diagnoses listed
below was the most probable?
+ Fibrinous dysenteric colitis
- Catarrhal dysenteric colitis
- Ulcerative dysenteric colitis
- Typhoid fever, the stage of necrosis
- Typhoid form of cholera
?
An autopsy of 2-month-old infant revealed papules and pustules on the skin,
white dense lungs (white pneumonia), a brown dense liver (a brimstone liver),
signs of osteochondritis. Indicate the most probable diagnosis.
+ Congenital syphilis
- Congenital toxoplasmosis
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
- Congenital herpetic infection
- Congenital mononucleosis
?
An autopsy of a 33-year-old male revealed a white focus of caseous necrosis, 1.5 x
2.5 cm in size, in the 2nd segment of the right lung, as well as enlarged
bifurcation lymph nodes. Microscopically, the above focus had a massive necrosis
surrounded by a bank of epithelioid cells with an admixture of lymphocytes and
Pirogov- Langhans giant cells. Name the form of tuberculosis.
- Caseous pneumonia
- Primary tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
+ Acute focal tuberculosis
?
An autopsy of an 8-year-old child, who suffered from deafness during his lifetime
and died of pneumonia, revealed signs of parenchymatous keratitis and twisted
teeth with formation of crescent grooves on the central incisors (Hutchinson's
triad). Microscopically, there was a chronic diffuse interstitial inflammation in the
liver, lungs and ovarian tissue, as well as Dubois's abscesses in the thymus.
Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Congenital toxoplasmosis
+ Congenital syphilis
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
- Congenital herpetic infection
- Congenital mononucleosis
?
A male furrier, who dressed coypu skins (nutrias), died from respiratory
insufficiency. On autopsy, his lung had dense foci whose microscopic
examination revealed serous-haemorrhagic pneumonia, coagulation necroses,
granulomata consisting of epithelioid, lymphoid and giant cells, as well as foci of
suppuration. The enlarged regional lymph nodes had the same granulomata,
necroses and suppuration. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
+ Tularaemia
- Plague
- Tuberculosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Actinomycosis
?
A 32-year-old female died during a puerperal period. An autopsy revealed
purulent endometritis, purulent thrombophlebitis of the uterine veins, numerous
pulmonary abscesses, abscesses of the kidneys and spleen, apostematous
myocarditis and purulent meningitis. Make a diagnosis of the clinical-
morphological form of sepsis.
+ Septicopyaemia
- Septicaemia
- Chronic sepsis
- Chernogubov's disease
- Fulminant sepsis
?
A female patient, who complained of sharp weakness, diarrhoea and vomiting,
died from uraemia. Microscopically, her gastric mucosa revealed an oedema of
the mucous membrane with microfocal haemorrhages, the small intestine had
signs of an acute serous inflammation with a vacuolized epithelium which lost
microvilli, some of them were characterized by necrosis and desquamation. What
was the most probable diagnosis?
- Typhoid fever
- Dysentery
- Choleraic enteritis
+ Choleraic gastroenteritis
- Choleraic algid
?
A microscopic examination of a small intestine in a 42-year-old female, who died
from typhoid fever, revealed enlarged grouped follicles with soft sequestra in their
centres and rejection of necrotic masses. Indicate the stage of the disease.
- Cerebriform swelling of grouped follicles
- Necrosis of grouped follicles
+ Formation of ulcers
- Clear ulcers
- Healing of ulcers
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who had had a fever with signs of intoxication
during his life-time, revealed an enlarged dense spleen (500 g); on section, its
pulp had numerous grey-white and white-yellow miliary necroses of follicles, and
there were infarct-like foci of necrosis under the capsule. A histological
examination revealed hyperplasia of the follicles with breakdown of leukocytes
and accumulation of neutrophils, and numerous thrombi in the vessels. Which of
the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Haematogenous general miliary tuberculosis
+ Relapsing fever
- Tularaemia
- Typhoid fever
- Plague
?
An autopsy of a 36-year-old male, who died from cardiopulmonary
insufficiency, revealed obliteration of the right pleural cavity, the tissue of the
right lung was dense, it had large encapsulated and calcified, foci in the 1st and 2"
segments (Aschoff-Pul foci), acinic and lobular foci of caseous pneumonia.
Which of the forms of tuberculosis was the most probable?
+ Fibrofocal
- Acute cavernous
- Fibrocavemous
- Acute focal
- Infiltrative
?
On autopsy of a 48-year-old male, who suffered from tuberculosis and died of
cardiopulmonary insufficiency, the corticopleural portions of the both lungs
revealed numerous foci of caseous necrosis up to 1 cm in diameter, tender
reticular pneumosclerosis and an emphysema, as well as hypertrophy of the right
cardiac ventricle ("pulmonary heart"); the bifurcation lymph nodes were
characterized by tuberculous caseous lymphadenitis. The 3rd segment of the right
lung had a Ghon's focus. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
- Haematogenous generalization of the primary tuberculosis
- Chronic primary tuberculosis
- Chronic miliary tuberculosis
+ Haematogenous acute miliary tuberculosis
- Cirrhotic tuberculosis
?
A female, who had a phlegmon of her thigh, died from intoxication. An autopsy
revealed jaundice, petechiae on the skin, haemorrhages in the serosae, mucosae
and internals. Microscopically, the spleen and lymph nodes had a proliferation of
the lymphoid and reticular cells with accumulation of immature cells of
haemopoiesis
in the marrow. The parenchymatous organs were characterized by a diffuse
interstitial inflammation, manifestations of cloudy swelling and fatty
degeneration.-Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
+ Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
- Chronic sepsis
- Plague
- AIDS
?
An autopsy of a male patient, who died from cardiopulmonary insufficiency,
revealed a healed primary tuberculous focus in the 3rd segment of the right lung.
The kidneys, liver, spleen and pia mater had numerous miliary tubercles.
Microscopically, the tubercles were represented with caseous necroses surrounded
by epithelioid, lymphoid and solitary Pirogov-Langhans giant multinucleate cells.
Name the variety of haematogenous tuberculosis.
- The most acute (necrotic) tuberculous sepsis
+ Acute general miliary
- Acute general macro focal
- Haematogenous acute miliary
?
An autopsy and subsequent microscopic examination of the organs of a 50-year-
old male, who suffered from feverish paroxysms, hypochromic anaemia and
jaundice during his life-time, revealed that the liver and spleen were dark grey and
significantly enlarged, the marrow was dark grey and characterized by
hyperplasia. The cortex and other areas in the grey matter of the brain were dark
grey, the white matter had numerous microfocal peri vascular haemorrhages, the
vessels contained agglutinated erythrocytes with some parasites in the cytoplasm.
In some places the vessels were surrounded by foci of necrosis with formation of
Durk's granulomata. The kidneys had signs of glomerulonephritis. What was the
most probable diagnosis?
- Epidemic typhus
- Relapsing fever
- Vivax malaria
- Malariae malaria
+ Falciparum malaria
?
An autopsy of a male, who suffered from typhoid fever and died during the 5th
day of the disease, revealed the following changes: the grouped follicles of the
ileum were enlarged, plethoric and rose above the surface of the mucous
membrane, their surface had grooves and convolutions. Histologically, there was
a plethora and oedema of the follicular tissue, as well as presence of large cells
with a light cytoplasm and typhoid bacilli. What period of typhoid fever might it
be?
+ Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Healing of ulcers
- Clear ulcers
- Formation of ulcers
?
An autopsy of a 47-year-old cachectic male, who suffered from a progressing
form of secondary tuberculosis during his life-time, revealed some large yellow-
white petrified and encapsulated foci in the Is' and 2nd segments of the right lung.
The lower lobe of the right lung was enlarged and dense, yellow on section and
had fibrinous superpositions on the pleura. Microscopically, this area was
characterized by prevalence of necrotic changes over perifocal exudative ones.
Name the form of secondary tuberculosis.
+ Caseous pneumonia
- Infiltrative tuberculosis
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
- Fibrocavemous tuberculosis
?
During his life-time, a 40-year-old male had a high body temperature, jaundice,
clouded consciousness, bacteraemia. On autopsy, his sclerae and skin were
yellow, there were numerous haemorrhages in the serous and mucous membranes,
as well as enlarged lymph nodes and spleen. Microscopically, the spleen and
lymph nodes had a proliferation of the reticular cells. The heart, liver and kidneys
were characterized by an interstitial inflammation, a parenchymatous cloudy
swelling; the vascular walls had vasculititides and a fibrinoid swelling. Which of
the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
+ Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
- Acute lymphocytic leukaemia
- Acute stem cell leukaemia
- Chronic sepsis
?
An autopsy of a male juvenile, who died from peritonitis, occasionally revealed
that the 3rd segment of the right lung contained a focus of caseous necrosis
surrounded by an area of a perifocal inflammation. There was a serous-fibrinous
inflammation in the pleura and caseous bronchoadenitis in the bifurcation lymph
nodes. A microscopic examination revealed epithelioid-cellular and giant-cell
tubercles on the periphery of the above focus, in the pleura, lymph vessels and
bifurcation lymph nodes. Indicate the form of primary tuberculosis.
- Healed primary tuberculosis
+ Primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Haematogenous progressing of primary tuberculosis
- Growth of primary affect
- Lymphogenous form of progressing of primary tuberculosis
?
An autopsy of a 40-year-old male, who worked as a sheep-breeder and died from a
severe intoxication, revealed on the skin some papulopustular haemorrhagic rash
with necroses and ulcerations, as well as enlarged immovable dark red lymph
nodes in the inguinal region which were united with one another and had a
doughy consistency. The spleen was enlarged, flaccid and had an abundant
scrape. Microscopically, the lungs revealed a focal serous-haemorrhagic
inflammation with necroses; the heart, liver and kidneys were characterized by
dystrophic and necrotic changes; the lymph nodes had haemorrhagic-necrotic
lymphadenitis with some purulent melting. Make a diagnosis.
- Bubocutaneous form of plague
+ Bubonic plague
- Primary pneumonic plague
- Septicaemic plague
- Septicaemia
?
A 33-year-old male with a protracted feverish state and a cutaneoconjunctival
rash died under the phenomena of increasing bulbar disorders. Histologically, the
capillaries and arteioles of his brain revealed vasculititides: an oedema,
destruction and desquamation of the epithelium with formation of thrombi and a
proliferation of the endothelium, adventitial and periadventitial cells, with an
admixture of lymphocytes and neutrophils (Popov's nodules); the vascular walls
were characterized by a focal fibrinoid necrosis. Which of the diagnoses was the
most probable?
- Rabies
- Influenza
- Tick-borne encephalitis
+ Epidemic typhus
- Malaria
?
A professional male hunter developed an acute elevation of body temperature and
enlarged united lymph nodes in his left axilla. A microscopic examination of the
lymph nodes revealed granulomata consisting of epithelioid, lymphoid, giant cells
and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as well as foci of necrosis and purulent
inflammation. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Brucellosis
- Plague
- Tuberculosis
- Anthrax
+ Tularaemia
?
On autopsy, the 3rd segment of the right lung under the pleura had some whitish
focus of a bone density, 0.8 cm in diameter. The regional lymph nodes were dense
and had whitish foci on section. A microscopic examination of the pulmonary
tissue in the above region revealed calcified caseous masses surrounded by a
rough fibrous connective tissue with formation of bone beams with a fatty marrow
in the inner layer; the lymph nodes were characterized by fibrosis with
petrification. Name the form of tuberculosis.
- Cirrhotic
- Fibrofocal
- Progressing primary
- Acute focal
+ Healed primary
?
A 15-year-old female patient died at an infectious hospital on the 3rd day of some
disease from intoxication. On autopsy, a punctate rash on the skin, excluding the
region of the nasolabial triangle, was found. The fauces, tonsils and tongue were
brightly hyperaemic (the "glowing fauces", a "strawberry tongue").
Microscopically, the internal organs revealed prevalence of dystrophic changes
and a sharp disturbance of circulation. Which of the diagnoses was the most
probable?
+ Toxic form of scarlet fever
- Septic form of scarlet fever
- Allergic period of scarlet fever
- Diphtheria of respiratory tract
- Measles
?
A microscopic examination of a biopsy taken from a large intestine revealed
necrosis of the mucous coat involving it with a different depth, the necrotic
masses were pierced with threads of fibrin. The mucous membrane around the
necrotic foci was oedematous, infiltrated by leukocytes and had focal
haemorrhages. The submucosal (Meissner's) and myenteric (Auerbach's) plexuses
had dystrophic and necrotic changes.. Which of the kinds of colitis was the most
probable?
- Catarrhal
+ Diphtheritic
- Ulcerous
- Haemorrhagic
- Gangrenous
?
A 50-year-old male, who had dysentery, died on the 8lh day of the disease from
intoxication. An autopsy reveaied thickened walls of the sigmoid and initial
portions of the rectum, the mucous membrane was covered with a fibrinous film
which was tightly connected with the underlying tissues. Histologically, the
intestinal wall had a deep necrosis of the mucous membrane and the necrotic
masses were impregnated with fibrin. What kind of colitis did the patient have?
- Catarrhal
- Postdysenteric
- Ulcerous
+ Diphtheritic
- Gangrenous
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from typhoid fever, the whole length of the ileum
revealed ulcers with a smooth bottom represented by a muscular layer or the serous
membrane of the intestine, as well as ulcers with through defects. At what stage of
typhoid fever is it observed?
+ Clear ulcers
- Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Dirty ulcers
- Healing of ulcers
?
A disease in an 8-year-old boy began acutely with a catarrh of the upper
respiratory tract and conjunctivitis, on the 3rd day of the disease he developed
some macrofocal papular eruption behind the ears, and later on the face, neck and
trunk. The patient died on the 10th day under the phenomena of severe respiratory
insufficiency. An autopsy revealed lobular pneumonia with foci of suppuration.
Microscopically, he had purulonecrotic panbronchitis and bronchiolitis,
peribronchial interstitial pneumonia with a focal infiltration of the interstice by
lymphoid, plasma cells, macrophages and giant multinucleate cells. Which of the
diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Influenza
- Respiratory-syncytial infection
- Adenovirus infection
- Scarlet fever
+ Measles
?
A male juvenile, who underwent antituberculous treatment, fell ill with measles.
He developed an elevated body temperature, dyspnoea, a cough with a discharge
of sputum, a headache, sometimes with a loss of consciousness. His death resulted
from intoxication. On autopsy, the right lung had a subpleural focus of caseous
necrosis, 6 cm in diameter, as well as enlarged and dense grey-yellow bifurcation
lymph nodes. The pia mater, lungs, kidneys and spleen had numerous miliary
tubercles. Indicate the form of progressing of primary tuberculosis.
- Growth of primary affect
- Lymphogenous (lymphoglandular)
+ Haematogenous (miliary)
- Haematogenous (macrofocal)
- Mixed
?
An autopsy of a 39-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis during his life-
time, revealed in the upper lobe of the right lung some cavity, 2.0 x 3.0 cm in size,
which communicated with the lumen of the segmental bronchus. The wall of the
cavity was heterogeneous: its inner layer consisted of caseous masses, the outer
one of a condensed pulmonary tissue. Microscopically, the cavity wall had
tuberculous granulomata. Which of the forms of tuberculosis listed below was the
most probable?
+ Acute cavernous tuberculosis
- Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
- Acute focal tuberculosis
?
A male patient, who was ill with encephalitis, developed excitement and death
from a brain oedema. An autopsy revealed numerous diapedesis haemorrhages in
the myelencephalon. Microscopically, there was chromatolysis and necrosis of
neurons with formation of nodules of lymphoid and microglial cells around the
neurons. The hippocampal neurons contained Babes-Negri bodies. Which of the
encephalititides listed below was the most probable?
- Tick-borne
- Meningococcal
- Influenzal
+ Encephalitis in rabies
- Morbillous
?
A 45-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of typhoid fever died from
peritonitis. On autopsy, the whole length of the small intestine revealed ulcers
with even rounded edges and a smooth bottom represented by a circular muscular
layer or the serous membrane. Name the stage of typhoid fever.
- Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis of Peyer's patches
- Formation of dirty ulcers
+ Formation of clear ulcers
- Healing of ulcers
?
At the height of an epidemic of influenza, visual examination of the upper
respiratory tract in a female patient revealed catarrhal laryngotracheitis.
Microscopically, a biopsy from the larynx had a hyperaemic oedematous mucous
membrane with a diffuse lymphohistiocytic infiltration, desquamation of the
epithelium and small superficial foci of necrosis. Name the form of influenza
+ Mild form
- Influenza of moderate severity
- Severe form
- Toxic form
- Influenza with pneumonic complications
?
On autopsy of a 65-year-old male, who for many years was ill with a rheumatic
heart defect and died from cardiovascular insufficiency, it was found that the
weight of the heart was 900 g, the patient had hypertrophy of the left ventricle of
the heart, polypous-ulcerous endocarditis of the aortic and mitral valves with their
petrification and deformation, hyperplasia of the spleen, "old" renal and
pulmonary infarcts. A microscopic examination revealed diffuse vasculititides,
proliferative isolated myocarditis, nephritis, hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, the
thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most
probable?
- Chernogubov's disease
+ Secondary bacterial endocarditis
- Fibroplastic endocarditis
- Acute verrucous endocarditis
- Aortomitral heart defect
?
An autopsy of a male revealed that the right upper extremity was oedematous, the
skin in the middle third part of the arm was dark red, dense and diffusely
impregnated with blood, in the centre there was a vesicle with some serous-
haemorrhagic exudate (a "phlyctena"). The regional lymph nodes were enlarged,
united with one another and immobile. Microscopically, the lymph nodes were
characterized by a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation, a large number of
microbes, a proliferation of the reticular cells, foci of necrosis. There were
dystrophic processes in the parenchymatous organs, the spleen was enlarged and
flaccid. Which of the diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Bubonic plague
+ Bubocutaneous plague
- I'riniiiry pneumonic plague
- Septicacmic plague
- Secondary bubonic pneumonia
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from an intestinal bleeding, the ileum revealed
necrosis of grouped and solitary follicles with imbibition of necrotic tissues with
bile an blood; the lower portion of the intestine had phenomena of sequestration
with rejection of the necrotic masses and formation of defects. Name the stage of
typhoid fever.
- Healing of ulcers
- Cerebriform swelling
- Necrosis
- Clear ulcers
+ Dirty ulcers
?
Microscopically, a biopsy from the rectum of a patient with dysentery revealed
hyperaemia and oedema of the mucous membrane, microfocal haemorrhages, foci
of superficial necrosis and leukocytic infiltrates in the stroma. Name the variety of
dysenteric colitis.
- Healing of ulcers
- Fibrinous colitis
- Follicular colitis
- Formation of ulcers
+ Catarrhal colitis
?
A 24-year-old female, who 2 months before had had diphtheria and suffered from
paralysis of the soft palate, suddenly died from heart failure. On autopsy, an
eccentric hypertrophy of the heart and a dim flaccid myocardium were found. A
microscopic examination of the glossopharyngeal, phrenic nerves and vagus
revealed a lumpy breakdown of the myelin and a plethora of the epineural vessels.
The 3rd cervical sympathetic ganglion and the nodose one of the vagus were
characterized by an impaired circulation and phenomena of cytolysis. Which of
the diagnoses was the most probable?
- Alterative myocarditis
+ Late paralysis of heart
- Isolated myocarditis
- Toxic myocarditis
- Exudative myocarditis
?
A male patient was at an infectious hospital with profuse diarrhoea, signs of
exicosis, a fall of the body temperature. He died from uraemia. On autopsy, the
small intestine contained some colourless fluid resembling rice-water, its mucous
membrane was oedematous. Microscopically, a plethora of the vessels, focal
haemorrhages, a desquamation of the enterocytes, a hypersecretion of the goblet
cells and a lympholeukocytic infiltration of the mucosa were found. Which of the
diagnoses listed below was the most probable?
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
- Choleraic algid
+ Choleraic enteritis
- Choleraic gastroenteritis
?
Against a background of a satisfactory general state and a subfebrile body
temperature, a visual examination of a 6-year-old child revealed eruptions on the
face, head and trunk in the form of red spots and vesicles having transparent
contents, some vesicles were covered with crusts. From the side of the fauces and
upper respiratory tract, expressed catarrhal changes were determined.
Microscopically, the areas of the eruptions were characterized by a plethora of the
vessels, a balloon dystrophy and giant multinucleate cells in the spinous layer of
the epidermis. The oral mucosa had small erosions, plethoric vessels and
perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. Which of the diagnoses was the most
probable?
- Measles
+ Varicella
- Smallpox
- Rubella
- Scarlet fever
?
A male cattle-farm worker developed a dark red spot on the skin of his thigh; in the
centre of the spot there was formation of a vesicle filled with some serous-
haemorrhagic fluid, a bit later the centre necrotized and became dark. The
inguinal lymph nodes were enlarged, dense and dark red on section. Under the
phenomena of severe intoxication the patient died. A microscopic examination of
the skin vesicles and lymph nodes revealed a diffuse haemorrhagic infiltration and
a sharp oedema of the surrounding tissues. Which of the forms of anthrax was the
most probable?
- Enteric
- Septicaemic
+ Cutaneous
- Primary pneumonic
- Mixed
?
An autopsy of a 30-year-old male, who was ill with an acute respiratory disease
and died under the phenomena of acute cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed a
fibrinous-haemorrhagic inflammation in the mucous membrane of the larynx and
trachea, destructive panbronchitis and enlarged lungs which were motley because
of abscesses, haemorrhages and necroses. Which of the diagnoses was the most
probable?
+ Influenza
- Parainfluenza
- Respiratory syncytial infection
- Measles
- Adenovirus infection
?
An autopsy of a male, who had a prolonged suppuration of the wound following
an injury of his extremity and died under the phenomena of intoxication, revealed
cachexia, dehydration, a brown atrophy of the liver, myocardium, spleen and
striated muscles, as well as renal amyloidosis. Which of the diagnoses was the
most probable?
- Brucellosis
- Chernogubov's disease
- Septicaemia
- Septicopyaemia
+ Chronic sepsis
?
An autopsy of a 45-year-old male, who was ill with tuberculosis and died from
cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed in the upper lobe of the right lung some
cavity, 3x2 cm in size, with a dense wall and uneven inner surface crossed by
obliterated bronchi. Microscopically, the wall of the cavity had three layers:
internal - pyogenic, middle - a layer of the tuberculous granulation tissue, outer -
connective-tissue. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Fibrocavernous tuberculosis
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
- Tuberculoma
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Acute cavernous tuberculosis
?
A male cattle-farm worker acutely fell ill and died under the phenomena of
intoxication. An autopsy revealed an enlarged flaccid spleen, which was dark
cherry on section and gave an abundant scrape. The pia mater of the vault and
base of the skull were dark red and oedematous (a "cardinal's cap").
Microscopically, there was a serous-haemorrhagic inflammation of the meninges
and cerebral tissues with destruction of the walls of small vessels. What was the
most probable diagnosis?
- Tularaemia
+ Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Plague
- Meningococcal meningoencephalitis
?
An autopsy of a male, who was ill with primary tuberculosis and died after severe
influenza under the phenomena of cardiopulmonary insufficiency, revealed in the
2"d segment of the right lung a subpleural focus of caseous pneumonia which
involved the whole segment. Microscopically, there was caseous necrosis of the
pulmonary tissue with foci of melting of the caseous masses, this necrosis was
surrounded by a region of a perifocal exudative inflammation; the peribronchial
lymph nodes were characterized by caseous lymphadenitis with melting of the
caseous masses and formation of fistulae. Which of the forms of progressing of
primary tuberculosis was the most probable?
- Lymphogenous
- Haematogenous
- Growth of primary tuberculous affect
+ Mixed progressing
- Chronic course of primary tuberculosis
?
An autopsy of a 55-year-old male, who worked at a meat-packing plant, acutely
fell ill and died from sepsis, revealed some serous-haemorrhagic fluid in the
abdominal cavity, the lower portion of the ileum had large areas of a
haemorrhagic infiltration and ulcers against a background of a serous-
haemorrhagic inflammation, the mesenteric lymph nodes and their surrounding fat
were characterized by a serous- haemorrhagic inflammation. The spleen was
enlarged and flaccid, on section it was dark cherry and had an abundant scrape of
the pulp. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
+ Anthrax
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
- Dysentery
- Plague
?
The body of a 39-year-old male with reduced nourishment was received for
autopsy. From the case history it was known that some 5 years before he had
undergone several surgical interventions after a car accident. During the past two
years he significantly lost flesh, developed a generalized lymphadenopathy, a
fever of an unknown genesis and diarrhea. Within the past half a year he suffered
several times from pneumoniae. Macro- and microscopic examinations revealed
double polysegmental pneumonia. A liiuleriologieiil study of the material from
the lungs found pneumolysis. Which of the diseases was the most probable in the
dead person?
+ HIV infection
- Typhoid lever
- Chronic dysentery
- Chronic sepsis
- Tuberculous colitis
?
On autopsy of a male, who died from an acute intestinal upset and dehydration,
the small intestinal loops were stretched and their lumen contained much
colourless fluid with a rice-water appearance and without any odor.
Microscopically, the small intestine was characterized by a sharp plethora of the
vessels, an edema of the mucous membrane, necrosis and desquamation of the
epithelial cells. A bacteriological study of smears from the mucous membrane of
the small intestine revealed some microorganisms in the form offish shoals".
Which of the diagnoses corresponds to the above clinical and morphological
changes?
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
+ Cholera
- Dysentery
- Amoebiasis
?
An autopsy of a male, who was ill with tuberculosis for more than 20 years,
revealed that his lungs were deformed and the pleura had some focal thickening.
On section of the lungs, mostly in their upper lobes, each of them had several
cavities with a necrotic detritus and a trabecular appearance of their inner surface.
Microscopically, the walls of the cavities were represented by a necrotic layer
followed by those of the granulation and connective tissues. Which of the
diagnoses was the most probable?
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Infiltrative tuberculosis
+ Fibrocavemous tuberculosis
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
- Acute cavernous tuberculosis
?
A room for dissections received the body of a male with reduced nourishment,
who was ill with pulmonary tuberculosis and died from cardiopulmonary
insufficiency. On autopsy, the lungs were enlarged, dense, with a thickened pleura
and fibrinous-
purulent superpositions on it. On section, the lungs contained grey-yellow
polysegmental foci which were confluent in the upper lobes and actually occupied
the whole lobe. A microscopic examination revealed prevalence of necrotic
changes over the perifocal ones. The first segment of the right lung had a Ghon's
focus. Which of the diagnoses was the most probable?
- Infiltrative tuberculosis
+ Caseous pneumonia
- Acute focal tuberculosis
- Tuberculomata
- Fibrofocal tuberculosis
?
On autopsy of a 16-year-old male juvenile with reduced nourishment, who was ill
with primary pulmonary tuberculosis and died from an accompanying pneumonia,
it was found that the 2th segment of the right lung had a Ghon's focus, the
peribronchial and bifurcation lymph nodes were enlarged, united in packs, grey-
yellow, dense in consistency and crumbled. Microscopically, the 3rd segment of
the right lung contained a primary affect surrounded by fibrosed tuberculous
granulomata and a connective-tissue capsule; the lymph nodes were characterized
by caseous necrosis. Which of the forms of tuberculosis was the most probable?
+ Lymphogenous progressing of tuberculosis
- Chronic course of primary tuberculosis
- Haematogenous acute miliary tuberculosis
- Acute focal pulmonary tuberculosis
- Caseous pneumonia
?
On the section of corpse is discovered a cereous necrosis of rectus. In the terminal
portion of small intestine are found out ulcers of 3-5 cm in the diameter. The
walls of ulcers are covered with brittle grey-yellow masses. The edges of ulcers
moderately go up the surface of mucous membrane. Vidal’s reaction is positive.
+ Typhoid fever with abenteric complications
- Typhoid fever with enteric complications
- Crohn's disease
- Dysentery
?
At the forensic medical dissection of the man’s cadaver, who has died in the train,
is discovered full-blown cadaveric rigidity (“gladiator‘s pose”). The skin, mucous
and serous membranes, muscles are dry. Between the loops of small intestine is
defined a clammy transparent mucus. In the lumen of small intestine there is a
large quantity of colourless fluid alike rice water, which is taken on the
bacteriological research. What previous diagnosis is the most probable?
+ Cholera
- Dysentery
- Salmonellosis
- Typhoid fever
- Yersiniosis
?
On the section of corpse is discovered a cereous necrosis of rectus. In the terminal
portion of small intestine are found out ulcers of 3-5 cm in the diameter. The
walls of ulcers are covered with brittle grey-yellow masses. The edges of ulcers
moderately go up the surface of mucous membrane. Vidal’s reaction is positive.
+ Typhoid fever with abenteric complications
- Typhoid fever with enteric complications
- Crohn's disease
- Dysentery
?
A child of 12 years old has abruptly fallen ill with the rise of the temperature to
38°C, headache, congested pipes, then a rough cough appeared, on the third day
on the skin of the face, neck and upper part of the trunk, – abundant maculosus
papula eruption, which does not itch. The mucous tunic of the mouth is
hyperemic, with a fine white enanthema on the cheeks near the lower permanent
teeth. What is the most provisional diagnosis?
+ rubeola
– Scarlatina
– German measles
– Allergic dermatitis
– Dysentery
?
The patient of 20 years old died of intoxication in 8 days after the artificial
extramural abortion at the term of pregnancy of 14–15 weeks. At the postmortem
dissection has been defined a yellowish tinction of sclera, skin, pyogenic-necrotic
endometritis, numerous abscesses in lungs, hyperplasia of spleen with a great
number of neutrophiles in its sinuses. Which sequela of abortion has developed?
+ Septicopyemia
– Septicemia
– Haemorrhagic shock
– Chronic sepsic
– Viral hepatitis A
?
A young man died of increasing cardiac insufficiency. At the pathomorphological
research is discovered: immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis, the spleen
weighing 500g, the ulcers of semilunar valves of aorta, which are covered with
polypoid thrombi with the colonies of bacteria. Indicate the most firm diagnosis.
+ Septic bacterial endocarditis
– Septicemia
– Rheumatic thromboendocarditis
– Acute rheumatic valvulitis
– Septicopyemia
?
A patient had a profuse diarrhea, vomiting during two days; the death came of
acute dehydration. At the postmortem dissection the wall of the bowel is edematic,
hyperemic with the plural hemorrhages in the mucus membrane. There is a
whitish liquid in the lumen of the bowel; it reminds rice water. Indicate the
disease, what has developed.
+ Cholera
– Dysentery
– Salmonellosis
– Abdominal typhoid
– Enterocolitis
?
A patient died of respiratory distress. He fell ill 4 days ago, the body temperature-
40°Ñ, coryza changed into the fits of unproductive coughing, chest pain; dyspnea
progressed during 2 days. He was brought to the treatment station by ambulance
service, without consciousness, with respiratory distress, cardiovascular
insufficiency, the body temperature-39°Ñ, hypoxia of CNS. In spite of qualified
medical aid, a patient died in twenty-four hours after the hospitalization. At the
necropsy: the lungs are large, bright gray-red foci of pneumonia change into dark-
red areas of plethora, and also separate areas of lungs with plural petite
hemorrhages, do not deflate on the discission, in the bronchi of different calibers
– panbronchitis with the areas of inflammatory infiltration, lysis and necrosis.
Name the most firm diagnosis.
+ Influenza virus pneumonia
– Aggravation of chronic bronchitis
– Myocardial infarction
– Typhus fever
– Salmonellosis
?
A man with a wound of his limb that nad been suppurating for a long time died
from intioxication. Autopsy revealed extreme emaciation, dehydration, brown
atrophy of liver, myocardium, spleen and cross-striated muscles as well as renal
amyloidosis. What diagnosis corresponds with the described picture?
– Brucellosis
– Chernogubov's syndrome
– Septicemia
– Septicopyemia
+ Chroniosepsis
?
Histological examination of a skin tissue sampling revealed granulomas
consisting of macrophagal nodules with lymphocytes and plasmatic cells. There
òàãå also some big macrophages with fatty vacuoles containing causative agents
of a disease packed up in form of spheres (Virchow's cells). Granulation tissue is
well vascularized. What disease is this granuloma typical for?
– Syphilis
– Rhinoscleroma
+ Lepra
– Glanders
–Tuberculosis
?
Skin of a man who died from cardiac insufficiency has an eruption in form of
spots and specks. There are also bedsores in the area of sacrum and spinous
vertebral processes. Microscopical examination of CNS, skin, adrenal glands
revealed in the vessels of microcirculatory bed and in small arteries destructive
-proliferative endothrombovasculitis with Popov's granulomas; interstitial
myocarditis. What diagnosis corresponds with the described picture?
+ Spotted fever
– Nodular periarteritis
– Enteric fever
– Q fever
– HIV
?
A 20 year old patient died from intoxication 8 days after artificial illegal abortion
performed in her 14-15th week of pregnancy. Autopsy of the corpse revealed
yellowish colour of eye sclera and of skin, necrotic suppurative endometritis,
multiple pulmonary abscesses, spleen hyperplasia with a big number of
neutrophils in its sinuses. What complication after abortion was developed?
– Hemorrhagic shock
– Septicemia
+ Septicopyemia
– Viral hepatitis type A
– Chroniosepsis
In a patient with anaemia tests showed the prsence of erythroblasts,
normoblasts and megaloblasts. The same crates were found in red bone
marrow . For what kind of anaemia characteristic is such picture of
blood?
-post haemarrhogic anemia
- hemolytic
- aplastic
+b-12 and folic acid deficiency
- ferrum deficit
?
A man with 38 years, with jaundice and leather(skin) has marked
anemia, spleenomegaly, hyperbilirubinuria( bilirubin indirect),
urobilinuria, hyperchloritic excrements. Which of the following listed
conditions are most typical for
+ epihepatic jaundice
- gilber’s syndrome
- hepatic insufficiency syndrome
- cellular –liver jaundice
- subhepatic jaundice
?
On opening of the patient suffering often with haemorrhoids by
bleedings died from sharp heart attack of myocardium. At biopsy it was
found out that diaphysis of the femur bone was juicy red colour. What
process was developed in bone marrow?
- vicar hypertrophy
+ compensatory hyperplasia
- hypertrophic growth
- Work hypertrophy
- hormonal hyperplasia
?
A young man had increased jugular lymphatic units. At biopsy of lymph
it was found out centers of proliferation with fabric texture , presence
of huge crates of Berezovsky-sternberg and eosinophils, centers of
necrosis and fibrosis were revealed. What disease will be most
authentically diagnosed at the patient?
- lymphosarcoma
- chronic lympholeukosis
- histiocytosis
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- myeloma illness
?
A patient 10 years old complains of general(common) weakness,
decrease in growth, occurrence of trophic ulcers on shin, pain in bones
and joints. At survey of the patient delay of physical development,
pallor of skin covers was marked. Analysis of blood was established:
Hb=80 g/l, we can see falciform erythrocytes. What most
possible(probable) pathology causes such picture?
- Malignant pernicious anemia
+ haemoglobinopathia: falciform cell anemia
- Sharp leucosis
- Toxic anemia
- Rheumatism
?
At biopsy of lymph we found out that patient had
"lymphogranulomatosis" . On the basis of what presence of attributes
the diagnosis was put?
+ Crates berzovsky-sternberg
- Crates virrhova
- Crates tuton
- Crates mikulich
- Crates pirogov-langahn
?
On opening of the died patient was found increased, attached among
themselves, dense, with the white - yellow centers of necrosis lymphatic
units of different localization (cervical,axillaryand mediastinal). spleen
has "porhyrin" . At microscopic research of lymphatic units and spleen
was revealed proliferation of polymorphic crates with atypism , among
which the multinuclear huge crates of berezovsky sternberg. What
disease was diagnosed?
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- lymphosarcoma
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- fungal mycosis
- reticulosarcoma
?
At thoracotomy of patient with 55 years in anterior mediastinum the
lymphatic nodes is found, from which is taken biopsy. Microscopic
infiltrates were revealed, which consist of
lymphocytes,histiocytes,eosinophils and multinuclear crates of
berezovsky sternberg, and circumfernence by a plenty of fibrous
connecting fabric. What from the listed diseases most probably answers
this data?
+ lymphogranulomatosis with nodules by sclerosis
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence of lymphatic tissue of a fabric
- lymphogranulomatosis with an oppression lymphatic tissue of a fabric
- Mixed – cellular variant lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphosarcoma
?
On opening of a dead body the systematic increase of lymphatic units
with tumours of conglomerates were found. Spleen was increased, on
a cut(section) motley: on a red background pulp multiple fine centers
of yellow-white and grayish colour were found. The most probable
diagnosis?
- lymphosarcoma
- lympholeucosis
- Crawfish
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- sarcoidosis
?
At time of histologic research lymphatic units with diffused growth,
lymphoids of crates with an impurity eosinophils and atypical
histiocytes, there are huge crates with two and more nucleii, centers of
necrosis and sclerosis. The most probable diagnosis:
-berkits lymphoma
- lympholeucosis
- sarcoidosis
+lymphogranulomatosis
- myeloleucosis
?
In inguinal lymphatic units microscopic structures of unit were
erased, diffusive growth of lymphoids crates, eosinophils, huge crates
with two nucleii, centers of necrosis and sclerosis. What variant of
lymphogranulomatosis is most probable?
- With prevalence of lymphoids of fabric
- With an oppression of lymphoids of fabric
+ mixed cells
- nodular sclerosis
?
At opening of the died patient was revealed hyperplasia of bone
marrow of flat and tubular bones , spleenomegaly (6 kg), hepatomegaly
(5 kg). To what disease corresponds(meet) these changes can be
revealed?
- sharp leucosis
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- True polycythemia
+ Chronic myeloleucosis
- myeloma illness
?
The woman 64 years had pathological crisis in the shoulder bone.
Result of biopsy was: аtypical lymphatic crates. Roentenological
examination revealed tumour cells . Possible(probable) disease:
+ myeloma illness
- fibrotic dysplasia of a bone
- Chronic osteomyelitis
- chondrosarcoma
- Мetastasis of adenocarcinoma
?
To the patient with skin lymphoma was carried out(spent) biopsy and
found out leather(skin). On histological preparation under epidermis
was seen the plenty of transformations :
- melanocytes
- fibroblasts
+ Т-helper cells
- keratinocytes
- Crates of Langerhann’s
?
At tomography of the patient in mediastinum were found increased
lymphatic units. At histological research in lymph nodes circular
growths connective tissue of fabric were revealed which surrounds
granulomatous conformation with lymphocytes , plasmocytes and
large berzovsky-sternberg crates . Your diagnosis?
- sarcoidosis
- lymphosarcoma
- Tuberculosis
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- lympholeucosis
?
On opening of the died patient were found out increased, attachment
among themselves, dense, with the white - yellow centers of necrosis
lymphatic units of different localization [cervical , axillary and
mediastinal]. spleen has "porphyrin" kind. At microscopic research
lymphatic units and in spleen was revealed proliferation of
polymorphic crates with presence of atypical crates, among which the
multinuclear huge crates are marked
Rid-berezovsko-sternberg. What disease was diagnosed?
- reticulosarcoma
- chronic lympholeucosis
-lymphosarcoma
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- fungal mycosis
?
At the man of 30 years, which was sick has В12 (folic acid) anemia,
were revealed fundal аtrophies (autoimmune )gastritis . Choose the
most essential diagnostic criterion of the given type of gastritis .
+ Presence of antibodies parietal to crates of mucous stomach
- High level gastrinemia
- atrophy of mucous of fundus in department of stomach
- Connection from В12 (folic acid ) anemia
- Absence of structural changes in antral department of stomach
?
The man long time was sick with haemoblastosis. On opening of the
liver, lymphatic units of brown colour were revealed, that bone marrow,
spleen The reaction of Pearl’s was carried out(spent) in histochemical
analysis. Was established, that reticular, endothelial and histocytic
elements of these bodies contain granules of dark blue colour. What
pigment is revealed at application of the specified reaction?
- bilirubin
+ hemosiderin
- hematodin
- hematotrophin
?
To what anemia concerns Addisson-Birmer’s(pernicious anemia)?
+ disturbance of infringement of blood coagulation
- haemorrhagic anemia
- agastric anemia
- ferrous deficit anemia
- Family aplastic anemia
?
To what class of crates concern blasts of the form?
+ 1 class
- 2 classes
- 3 classes
- 4 classes
- 5-6 classes
?
What is the basis for definition of the sharp form of leucosis ?
+ cytochemical features of crates of blasts
- Biochemical parameters of blood
- Presence of pathological immunoglobulin in urine
- Presence of paraproteins in blood
- Presence of fiber of ben –johnson in urine
?
At histologic research increased cervical lymphatic units were
marked, general(common) figure of unit is indistinct at the expense of
atypical growth of histiocytic crates, with presence of huge crates
Berezosko-Sternberg, there are sites of necrosis, sclerosis, hyalanosis.
For what the diseases elicit morphological changes in lymphatic units ?
- Sharp myeloleucosis
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- Chronic myeloleucosis
- fungal mycosis
- Tuberculosis
?
At histological research of lymph of the patient 18 years, from area of a
back triangle of a neck, morphology was found out congestion of crates,
among which individual multinuclear crates, large Berezosko-Sternberg
crates and small crates of Hodgkin and there are lot of lymphocytes,
individualplasmatic crates , eosinophils . What disease was developed at
the patient?
- Tumour berkit
- nodular lymphoma
+ lymphogrnaulomatos
- lymphocytes lymphoma
- Chronic lecosis of lymph nodes
?
60 years at thoracotomy in forward mediastenum are found out in the
patient increased in the sizes and attachment between themselves
lymphatical units, from which is taken from biopsy . Microscopical
аtypical of a crate, among which the crates Hodgkin and huge crates
Rid - Berezosko-Sternberg prevail; the sclerosis is absent. What disease
corresponds(meets) to these attributes?
- lymphocarcinoma
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence nodulations of a sclerosis
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence lymphoids of a fabric
+ lymphogranulomatosis with an oppression lymphoids of a fabric
- Mixed – cells variant lymphogranulomatosis
?
At the patient with perinocious (В12 –deficiency of folic acid ) anemia
the changes neurological of character in bottom extremities were
showed: increasing weakness, difficulty of movements and
coordination,anemia . indications of change is by a consequence:
+ Degeneration transmission of structures of a back brain
- Infringement blodd circulation in ЦНС
- necrosis neurons in grey substance of a back brain
- Destruction transmission of structures pheripheral of nerves
- Destruction of receptors of structures
?
At inspection of the patient 47 years, worker aniline of factory, are
revealed chronic anemia and jaundice colouring of a leather(skin). At
research biopsy with bone marrow of a brain the brown - yellow
pigment in cytoplasmic macrophages (reaction to iron on Perals -
positive) is revealed. About what of the below-mentioned pigments
there is a speech?
- hematoidin
- hematin
+ hemosiredin
- lipofusin
- bilurubin
?
At the patient, which long time worked with benzolum , progresses
anemia and haemorrhagical syndrome . In biopsy of sternum the fatty
fabric prevails, it are found out in small quantity(amount) fine acute
blood formation with single crates myeoliposa . Your diagnosis.
- Chronic myeoliposa
- perinicious anemia
- hemolytic anemia
+ hypoplastic anemia
?
At the patient the woman in the age of 46 years, which was treated
concerning an aggravation chronic gastritis , at inspection of blood is
revealed macrocytic hyperchromia anemia . The diagnosis " pernicious
anemia " is put. What process underlies this pathology?
- Presence of antibodies against basic of a membrane of a stomach
- Insufficiency of iron in food
- Presence of antibodies against crates stratified –squamos epithelium
of a stomach
+ Presence of antibodies against parietal of crates of a stomach
- Infringement of splitting of fibers in a stomach
?
At the 23-year's man during three-four months the increase cervical
lymphatic nodes along back edge(territory) sternocleidomastoideus is
marked. With the diagnostic purpose is made biopsy of one of these
lymphatic nodes . At histological research the typical attributes of illness
Hodgkin , mixed – cells variant are revealed. Choose, on the basis of
what morphological attribute such diagnosis became
possible(probable):
- The usual structure lymphatic nodes is absent
+ The tumour contains single crates Berezosko-Sternberg
- The tumour consists of the expressed polymorphic crates
- Among these crates the large and small crates Hodgkin are observed
- In structure of a tumour is multiple eosinophilic leucocytes
?
At what kind anemia there is a deficiency of the internal factor Kasla ?
+ In - 12-folic acid deficient anemia
- post hemarhhagical anemia
- ferrum deficiency anemia
- hypo plastical anemia
- hemolytical anemia
?
At microscopic research increased cervical lymphatic nodules of unit is
defined(determined) clean of his(its) structure, lymphoid follicles are
absent, all fields of sight are submitted by crates with round by
nucleuses and narrow pheripheral cytoplasm . From the clinical data it
is known, that other groups lymphatic nodules , and also spleen and
liver are increased also. Of what disease it is necessary to think?
+ lymphoid leucosis
- lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphosarcoma
- myeloid leucosis
- myelenoma illness
?
At died the man 30 years, on opening is found out increased spleen
(weight 900,0), increased liver (weight 4000,0), increased lymphatical
units, bone marrow of a brain diaphysis femur of juicy pink -red colour.
Microscopically in a liver are defined(determined) rich infiltration
mainly on a course of portal pathes consisting from unripe formation of
blood of crates with round of the form by a nucleus and narrow
pheripheral cytoplasm . Of what disease it is possible to think?
+ Chronic lympholeucosis
- Chronic myeloid leucosis
- generalization the form lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp myeloblast leucosis
- Sharp lymphoblast leucosis
?
At research biopsy increased cervical lymphatical of unit is revealed
clean of figure, the fabric it(him) is submitted by a plenty prolipheration
lymphocytes with an impurity of individual crates -. Berezosko-
Sternberg These changes testify about?
+ lymphogranulomatosis, with prevalence lymphatic nodes of a fabric
- lymphogranulomatosis, with an exhaustion lymphatic nodes of a fabric
- Mixed – cells variant lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphocarcinoma
- nodular –sclerotical variant lymphogranulomatosis
?
In increased cervical lymph nodes unit the girl 14 years, microscopical
are found, that the fabric structure of unit is broken, lymphoid follicles
are absent, there are sites of a sclerosis and centers necrosis , cells
structure of unit polymorphic, are present lymphocytes , eisinophiles ,
atypical of a crate of the large sizes with many follicles by nucleuses and
one-nuclear crates also of large sizes. Diagnose diseases.
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp lympholeucosis
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- berkits lymphoma
- diffusive un hodgkins lymphoma
?
In the patient with leucosis in trepanobioptate in sites proliferation are
found out atypical myeloids of a crate, reduction of quantity(amount)
bone of beams, and around of the stayed beams a congestion osteoclasts
. Name character of change bone of beams.
+ osteomalaicia
- hyperplasmia
- necrosis
- traumatical damage
- sclerosis
?
On the basis of the clinical -laboratory data to the patient the diagnosis
chronic myeloleucosis is put. What method is most informative for
acknowledgement(confirmation) myeloproliferation syndrome at the
given disease.
+ trepan biopsy bone marrow of a brain
- Research pheripheral of blood.
- puncture biopsy of a liver
- biopsy lymphatical of unit
- puncture biopsy spleen
?
?
To the patient after a heavy irradiation the operation on change bone
marrow of a brain is executed. Gradually at the patient the parameters
of white and red blood were normalized. In some weeks at the patient
have appeared skin hemorrhagic pustules , diarhoea , sometimes with
stroma of blood, increase of a liver, has amplified anemia and
neuotropia . At biopsy of a liver are marked dystrophy hepatocytes ,
necrosis separate long , lymphocytes infiltration of follicles and portal
pathes. What was by the reason of the described changes?
+ Development sharp leucamia
- Reaction " transplantation against the owner "
- untransplantation
- Development sepsis
- Aggravation chronic hepatitis
?
At the woman 22 years are revealed increased lymphatical units. At
histological research in lymphatical unit the small and large crates
hodgkin , multinuclear crates Berezosko-Sternberg, single centers
caseous necrosis are observed lymhocytes , histiocytes , reticular of a
crate. For what diseases characteristic such changes?
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphocarcinoma
- Chronic leucosis
- Sharp leucosis
- metastasis of a crawfish easy
?
At the patient at survey of a cavity of a mouth is defined(determined)
atrophy of a mucous environment of language with red scars
(gunterovsky glossitis ). Sclera yellowish. In the analysis of blood - the
colour parameter is more than unit. For what anemia characteristic
these changes?
+ In – perinicious anemia
- ferrum deficiet
- Sharp post hemorrrhagical
- Chronic hemorragical
- hemolytic
?
At opening the man, which served by a underwater nuclear boat have
revealed the following pathology: a devastation in bone marrow a brain
(panmyeloftis ), anemia , leucopenia , thrombocytes , disintegration
lymphocytes in lymphatical units, spleen , lymphatical the device GI
TRACT of a path, haemorrhage in suprarenal gland . What illness was
developed in this case?
+ Sharp beam illness
- Kesson’s illness
- Sharp leucosis
- Sharp anemia
- Vibrating illness
?
The death of the seven-years(seven-summer) boy has come(stepped) as
a result of sharppoast haemorrhagic anemia , caused profuse by a
bleeding from GI tract. In a course pathological of research is revealed:
microscopically – anemia of internal bodies, increase of different groups
lymphatical of units, thymomegalia , moderately expressed hepato
spelomagalia-, bright red bone marrow a brain; microscopically –
hypercellular bone marrow a brain with monomorphinic infiltration
from blast of crates, diffuse –inflammation tumors infiltration in a liver,
spleen , lymphatical units, environments and substance of a head brain.
Diagnose disease.
+ Edges lymphoblastic leucosis
- Sharp myeloblastic leucosis
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis
- Sharp monoblastic leucosis
- Sharp plasmoblastic leucosis
?
At pathological research biopsy of a material of a liver the man 70 years,
at which in blood the plenty lymphocytes and prolymphocytes is
revealed, are established: multiple congestions of crates mainly
between liver follicles . For what diseases the characteristic above
stated changes?
+ Chronic lympholeucosis
- Sharp lympholeucosis
- lymphogranulamatosis
- Chronic persistent hepatitis
- hepatocellular a crawfish of a liver
?
At microscopic research increased cervical
Lymphatic nodes of unit is defined(determined) clean of his(its)
structure, lymphatic follicles are absent, all fields of sight are submitted
by crates with round by nucleuses and narrow pheripheral basophils
cytoplasm . From the clinical data it is known, that other groups of
lymphatic nodules , and also spleen and liver are increased also. Of what
disease it is necessary to think?
+ Lymphatic leucosis
- lymphogranumatosis
- lymphosarcoma
- myeloid leucosis
- mtyelonoma illness
?
At died the man 30 years, on opening is found out increased spleen
(weight 900,0), increased liver (weight 4000,0), increased lymphatical
units, bone marrow a brain diaphsis of femur of juicy pink -red colour.
Microscopical in a liver are defined(determined) rich infiltrates mainly
on a course of portal pathes consisting from unripe formation of blood
of crates with round of the form by a nucleus and narrow pheripheral
cytoplasm . Of what disease it is possible to think?
+ Chronic lympholeucosis
- Chronic myeloid leucosis
- generalization the form lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp myeloblastic leucosis
- Sharp lymphoblastic leucosis
?
At the young man have increased cervical lymphatical units. At biopsy in
lymphocytic the centers proliferation lymphatic nodules of a fabric with
presence of huge crates Berezosko-Sternberg
And eisinophils , center necrosis and fibrosa . What disease most
authentic
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- myelonoma illness
- lymphocarcinoma
- histocytosis
?
At tomographic of the patient in mediastinum were found increased
lymphatical units. At histological research in lymphatic nodes the
circular growths of a connecting fabric are revealed which surrounded
granuloma education from, plasmocytes and large binucleate crates.
What disease took place?
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- lymphocarcinoma
- Tuberculosis
- sarcoidosis
- lympholeucosis
?
At the patient 60 years at thoracotomy in forward mediastinum are
found increased in the sizes and attachment among themselves
lymphatical units, from which is takenbiopsy . microscopically are
revealed atypical of a crate, among which the crates Hodgkin and huge
crates Berezosko-Sternberg
prevail; the sclerosis is absent. What disease most answers these
attributes?
+ lymphogranulomatosis with the suppressed development lymphoid
nodules of a fabric
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence nodules of a sclerosis
- granulomatosis with prevalence lymphoids of a fabric
- lymphocarcinoma
- Mixed – cells variant lymphogranulomatosis
?
At histologically research lymphoids of the patient 18 years, from area
of a back triangle of a neck, morphology has found out a congestion of
crates, among which individual multinuclear cratesBerezosko-
Sternberg
, large crates hodgkin , small crates hodgkins and there is a lot of
lymphocytes , individual plasmatical of a crate,eosinophils . What
disease takes place in this case?
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- nodular lymphoma
- Tumour Berkits
- lymphocytic lymphoma
- Chronic lymphoid leucosis
?
At histological research increased cervical lymphatical of unit is marked,
that general(common) figure of unit indistinct at the expense of growth
atypical histocytes of crates, with presence of huge cratesBerezosko-
Sternberg
, there are sites некроза, sclerosis,hyalinosis . For what the diseases
characteristic are revealed morphological changes in lymphoid follicles
?
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp myeloleucosis
- Chronic myeloleucosis
- Грибовидного microsis
- Tuberculosis
?
On opening of the died patient are found out increased, attachment
among themselves, dense, with the white - yellow centers necrosis
lymphatical units units of different localization [cervical , muscles
andmediastinum ]. Spleen has "porphyria " a kind. At microscopic
research lymphatical of units and spleen is revealed proliferation of
polymorphic crates with presence atypical of crates, among which the
multinuclear huge crates Berezosko-Sternberg
are marked. What disease was at the patient?
Lymphogranulomatosis –
Chronic lympholeucosis
Lymphocarcinoma
- reticulo carcinoma
- Грибовидный microsa
?
At opening the died patient is revealed hyperplasia bone marrow of a
brain of flat and tubular bones ( bone marrow ), splenomegalia (6кг),
hepatomegalia (5 kg), increase of all groups lymphatical of units. To
what disease there correspond(meet) the revealed changes?
+ Chronic myeloleucosis
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- myelenoma illness
- Present polycythemia
- lymphogranulomatosis
?
?
?
At the patient at survey of a cavity of a mouth is defined(determined)
atrophy of a mucous environment of language with round reddened
area (gunterovskyglossitis ). Sclera yellowish. In blood: the colour
parameter exceeds 1,0. For what anemia these changes are
characteristic?
+ perinicious anemia .
-ferrum disinfection .
- Sharppost hemorrhagical .
- Chronicposthemorhhagical .
-hemolytical; .
?
The death of the 7-year's boy has come(stepped) owing to sharp
posthemorrhagical anemia, caused profusion by a bleeding from a
digestive path. At pathological anatomy research are revealed:
macroscopically – anemia of internal bodies, increase of different
groups lymohatical of units, thymomegalia , moderately expressed
hepatospenomegalia-, bright red bone marrow a brain; microscopically
– hypercellular bone marrow a brain with monomorphism infiltration
from blast of crates, diffusion –inflammation tumours infiltrates in a
liver, sleen , lymphatical units, environments and substance of a head
brain. Diagnose disease.
+ Sharp lymphoblastic leucosis
- Sharp myeloblastic \leucosis .
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis .
- Sharp monoblasticn leucosis .
- Sharp plasmoblast leucosis .
?
On atopsy are revealed hyperplasia bone marrow of a brain of flat and
tubular bones (a brain), splenomegalia (6кг), hypatomegalia (5кг),
increase of all groups lymphatical of units. To what disease there
correspond(meet) these changes?
- myelenoma of illness.
- Chronic lypholeucosis .
+ Chronic myeloleucosis .
- True polycythemia .
-lymphogranulomatosis .
?
At the patient at x-ray research in flat bones visualization the multiple
centers osteoporosis and osteolysis . In trepano bioptate - high contents
plasmalytic cells of tumours
Crates. What your diagnosis?
- histicytes .
- Sharp monocytic leucosis .
- Chronic myelo leucosis .
- lymphogranulomatosis.
+ myelenoma illness.
?
At the patient in both mandible and maxilaa x-ray - numerous defects as
round of apertures with smooth walls; histological - phenomenon
osteolysis and osteoporosa on a background weak bone formation . In
urine of the patient - fiber Benezonska . Name disease.
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis.
- Chronic myeloleucosis .
- Chronic erythromyelosis .
- Sharp myeloleucosis .
+ myelenoma illness.
?
At the patient, 60 years, at thoracotomy in forward mediastenum are
found increased in the sizes and attachment between themselves
lymphatic units, from which was taken bioptate .microscopiocal :
atypical of a crate, among which the crates Hodgkin and huge crates
Berezosko-Sternberg
prevail; the sclerosis is not revealed. What disease most answers these
attributes?
+ lymphogranulomatosis with an oppression lymphatic nodules of a
fabric.
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence nodular of a sclerosis.
- lymphogranulomatosis with prevalence lymphatic nodules of a fabric.
-lymphosarcoma .
- mixed cells variant lymphogranulomatosis.
?
At survey stomatological of the teenager, 16 years, are revealed
increased mandibular and cervical lymphatic units. Is carried
out(spent)biopsy
. microscopical in lymphatical units: typical structure erased, cells a
population heterogeneous, there are huge crates with many follicles by
a nucleus, multiple one-nuclear crates of the large size, esinophil;s and
neutrophils leucocytes , lymphocyte , and also sites necrosis and centers
of a sclerosis. Diagnose disease.
- hyperplasia lymphatical of unit.
+lymphogranulomatosis .
- granulamatosis lymphadent.
- Purulentlymphadent .
- undifferentiated lymphoma .
?
At the woman, 22 years, are increased lymphatical units. Histological in
lymphatical unit –lymphocytes , histiocytes , reticular of a crate, small
and large crates hodgkins , multinuclear crates berezovsky –
shenternberg individual centers caseosous necrosis . For what the
diseases are characteristic such changes?
- Chronic leucosis .
-lymphosarcoma .
+lymphogranulomatosis .
- Sharp leucosis .
- metastatis of a crawfish easy.
?
On opening died the system increase lymphatical of units with
education tumours of conglomerates is found. Spleen is increased, on a
cut(section) motley: on a red background present the multiple fine
centers of желтовато-white and grayish colour. The most probable
diagnosis?
- lymphosarcoma
- lympholeucosis
- Crawfish easy
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- sarcoidosis
?
In time histlogical of research lymphatical of unit it is revealed diffusion
growth lymphoid nodes of crates with an impurity eosinophiles and
atypicalhistiocytes , there are huge crates two and more nucleuses,
centers necrosis and sclerosis. The most probable diagnosis:
- lymphoma berlitts
- lympholeucosis
- sarcoidosis
+ lymphogranulamatosis
- myeloleucisis
?
In axillary lymphatic nodes microscopically : the structure of unit was
erased, diffused growth of lymphoid nodes of crates, eosinophils , huge
crates with two nucleuses, centers necrosis and sclerosis. What variant
granulomatosis is most probable?
- With prevalence lymphatic nodes of a fabric
- With an oppression lymphatic nodes of a fabric
+mingled cells
- Mixed
- nodular a sclerosis
?
Inlymphatic nodes , directed for histological of research, is revealed
growths fibrinosin of a fabric, that surrounds the centers of
polymorphic crates, among which plenty huge multinuclear, separate
huge one-nuclear and lymphocytes . To diagnose process?
- toxoplasmosis
- Tuberculosis
- scleroma
- Chronic myeloleucosis
+ lymphogranulomatosis (nodular a sclerosis)
?
The man 60 years with the diagnosis polyradiculoneuritis has died from
chronic kidney of insufficiency. On opening in edges, bones of skull,
sternum the multiple units of a soft - elastic consistence are revealed.
Bones substance according to unitsdecalcified . Multiple dot blood in all
soft fabrics and on a leather(skin). Kidneys large, white, dense. On a
cut(section) - grease shine. To diagnose the basic disease.
- Primary ameyloid nephropthania
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic myeleleucosis
- Illness seizures
- lymphogranulomatosis
?
At the patient 66 years in presence of pathological crisis of an edge the
tumour is revealed litical of character. In clinic of disease it was
underlined on revealed proteinuria with presence of abnormal fibers
such as bens -djons , and also presence osteolytical of the centers in
bones of a backbone and basin. Histological structure of crates
submitted by crates such as plasmoblasts . The specified clinic
corresponds(meets):
- Tubercular osteomyelitis
- neuroblastoma
- osteosarcoma
+ myelenoma of illness
- fibrosarcoma
?
On opening of a corpse of the child 4 years are found increased in the
sizes lymphatical units, presence of iron and spleen . bone marrow of
brain of tubular bones juicy, crimson colour. In the easy
centerbhronchoneumonia . At life in blood of the child 70 %
lymphoblasts is revealed 56-109 leucocytes , among which. What basic
disease was at the child?
+ leucosis sharp
- bronchopneumonia
- lymphocarcinoma
- sepsis
- leucosis chronic
?
At the patient at x-ray inspection in flat bones the multiple centers
osteoporosa and osteolysis are revealed. In threpano bioptate the high
contents tumours plasmatic of crates is revealed. Your diagnosis.
- Sharp moncytic leucosis
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic myelo leucosis
- lymphogranulomatosis
histiocytosis ?
At the 23-year's man during three-four months the increase cervical
lymphatical lymphoid along back edge(territory)
sternocleiodmastoideus of a muscle is marked. With the diagnostic
purpose is made biopsy of one of these lymphoid nodes . At
histologically research the typical attributes of illnesshodgkins , mixed –
cells variant are found out. Choose, on the basis of what morphological
attribute there was possible(probable) such diagnosis:
- The usual structure lymphoid is absent
+ The tumour contains single crates berezovsky –shenternberg
- The tumour consists from is expressed of polymorphic crates
- Among these crates the large and small crates hodgkins are observed
- In structure of a tumour is multiple eosinophilic leucocytes
?
At the patient in both mandibular x-rays the numerous defects of
smooth wall round apertures are revealed. At histological research -
phenomenon osteolysis and osteoporosa at the phenomena
weakformation of bone. In urine of the patient the fibers bens -djons
are found. Name disease.
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic myeloleucosis
- Chronic erythromyelosis
- Sharp myeloleucosis
- Sharp undifferentiated leucosis
?
During survey stomatological of the boy 16 years were found increased
mandibular and lymphatical units. Was carried out(spent)biopsy .
microscopical in lymphatical units the change was found: the typical
structure is erased, cells a population heterogeneous, there are large
crates with many follicles by a nucleus, multiple one-nuclear crates of
the large size, esinophils and neutrophils leucocytes , lymphocytes ,
besides the sites necrosis and center of a sclerosis are found. Diagnose
disease.
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- hyperplasia lymphatical of unit
- granulomatosis lymphadent
- Purulent lymphadent
- undiffertiated lymphoma
?
In increased cervical lymphatical unit the girl 14 years, microscpical
were is found, that the fabric structure of unit is broken, lymphoid
follicles are absent, there are sites of a sclerosis and centers necrosa ,
cells structure of unit polymorphic, are presentlymphocytes ,
eosinophils , atypical of a crate of the large sizes with many follicles by
nucleuses (crate berezovsky –shenternberg) and one-nuclear crates
also of large sizes. Your diagnosis?
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- Sharp lympholeucosis
- Chronic lympholeucosis
- lymphoma berkitt
- fungal mycosis
?
At research bioptate increased cervical lymph nodes
Lymphatical of unit is revealed clean of figure, the fabric it(him) is
submitted by a plenty proliferation lymphocytes with presence of
individual crates. berezovsky –shenternberg These changes testify
about?
+ lymphogranulomatosis , with prevalence lymphoid nodes of a fabric
-, with an exh lymphogranulomatosis austion lymphatic nodes of a
fabric
- Mixed – cells variant lymphogranulomatosi
- lymphosarcoma
- nodular - sclroticalvariant lymphogranulomatosis
?
At research biopsy lymphatical of unit the conclusion
"lymphogranulomatosis " is given. On the basis of what attributes the
diagnosis was put?
+ Crates berezovsky –shenternberg
- Cratestutona
- Crates pirogovs -langerhans
- Crates virchows
- Crates mulich
?
At histological research lymphatical of unit – diffusion growth lymphoid
nodes of crates with an impurity eosinophils and atypicalhistiocytes ,
single huge crates with two and more nucleuses, centers necrosis and
sclerosis. The most authentic diagnosis:
+ lymphogranulomatosis
lympholeucosis –
lymphoma berkits
- sarcoidosis
- myeloleucosis
?
On opening at died the system increase lymphatical of units with
education tumours of conglomerates is found. Spleen is increased, on a
cut(section) motley: on a red background the multiple fine centers of
yellow-white and grayish colour. What disease most of all answer the
described changes?
+ lymphogranulomatosis
- sarcoidosis
- lymphocarcinoma
- Crawfish easy
- lympholeucosis
?
The woman 64 years had pathological crisis of shoulder bone. Result
biopsy: atypical plasmatical of a crate. X-ray in a place of crisis tumours
of education. Possible(probable) disease:
+ myelenoma illness
- Chronic osteomyeltis
- chondrosarcoma
- fibrosna displasia of a bone
- metastatic adenocarcinoma
On dissection a dissector discovered that lungs are megascopic in sizes, pale, soft
consistency, not paste together, microscopic section with a crunch.
Microscopically there is expansion of alveolar tubes, interalveolar partitions thin,
there are the signs of intracapillar sclerosis. What disease of lungs is such
morphological picture characteristic for?
- Pneumosclerosis
- Pneumonia
- Atelectasis
- Pneuomothorax
+ Emphysema
At necropsy man 63 years, dying from the cancer of lung found out plural
metastases. What part of them can be considered as implantational by the
mechanism of development?
+ Germination of tumour from a bronchial tube in a gullet
- Metastases in a cerebrum
- Metastases in suprarenal glands
- Shallow plural tumours knots on pleura
- Metastases in peribronchial, bifurcational, paratracheal
In operating material of lung found out bronchial tubes with a presence in the wall
of lymph-histocytic infiltrate with the presence of microxyphil leucocytes, wide in
relation to a caliber by their road clearance, by excrescence of cicatrical tissue in a
wall. What is the most complete and exact diagnosis?
- Bronchoectases
+ Chronic bronchitis with intensifying
- Chronic bronchitis with the sclerosis of walls and intensifying
- Acute bronchitis
At a patient dying in 3 weeks after the beginning of pneumonia, the lower lobe of
right lung is acutely megascopic, dense, airless, grey, with the deposits of fibrin
on pleura. At a microscopy a fibrin is exposed in all teethridges of this lobe. Your
diagnosis:
- Fibrinous pleurisy
- Influenzal pneumonia
- interstitial pneumonia
+ Croupous pneumonia
- hearth bronchopneumonia
A woman 35 years became ill acutely, among a complete health, after
supercooling. On the 5th day of disease death came from acute cardiac
insufficiency. During a section exposed: the lower lobe of right lung is
megascopic, dense, on the microscopic section of grey color, a turbid liquid
refluxs from a surface, on-the- spot pleura there are deposits of fibrin. Specify the
most credible disease which entailed death.
- Mycotic bronchopneumonia
- Viral bronchopneumonia
- Fibrinous pleurisy
- Carnification
+ Croupous pneumonia
?
In biopsy material of mucous membrane of bronchial tube of patient 50 years,
which 20 years suffered by a chronic bronchitis, found out the thinning, cyste-like
regeneration of mucous glands, hearths of transformation of prismatic epithelium
multi-layered flat. Specify, what pathological processes is most credible?
+ Metaplasia
- Heterotopia
- Hyperplasy
- Dysplasy
- Heteroplasia
On a section the hemorragic heart attacks of lungs are exposed, in some vessels of
lungs of brown color of mass, phlebeurysm lower extremities in which presence
of crumbling darkly-brown color of the masses. What pathological process is the
question about?
- Hemorragic bronchopneumonia
- stagnant thrombosis of pulmonary vessels
- Tissue embolism of pulmonary vessels
+ tromboemboly of pulmonary vessels
- Fatty embolism of pulmonary vessels
During the operation the large wedge-shaped hearth of crimson, dense tissue is
exposed in the overhead lobe of right lung. At cytobiopsy necrosis of walls of
teethridges is exposed in it, the road clearances of teethridges are densely
exemicroscopic sectioned by red corpuscles. Your diagnosis:
- Pneumonia
- ischemic heart attack of lungs
- Gangrene of lungs
+ Hemorragic heart attack of lungs
- Atelectasis of lungs
At bronchial asthma the viral infectioning provoked asthmatic status with a mortal
end. At histological research of lungs a spasm and edema of bronchioles is
exposed, in their walls the expressed infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophiles
and other leucocytes, and also degranulate labrocytes. What mechanism of mortal
asthmatic bronchiolospasm?
- Inflammatory
+ Reagine reaction of hypersensitiveness
- Autoimmune
- immunocomplex
- immune cellular cytolysis
Woman, 62 years, which was ill a rheumatic heart-disease (mitral stenosis), died
at the syndrome of increasing cardiovascular insufficiency. Choose the
morphological changes in lungs which testify to long motion of disease.
+ Perivascular sclerosis and hemosiderosis
- edema
- hemorrhage
- interrtitial is the edema
- Hyperemia of vessels of microvasculature
At necropsy girl which died from an asphyxia exposed, that mucous trachea and
bronchial tubes covered by white-grey tape which is loosely connected with
subject tissues and is easily taken off by pincers. The road clearance of
segmentary bronchial tubes is exemicroscopic sectioned by loose the masses of
grey-white color. What tracheobronchitis in grain exsudate is marked at
dissection?
- Putrid
- Catarrhal
- Dyphteric
- Festering
+ Croupous
Carnification is:
- Atelectasis
- Limited festering melting
- Diffuse festering inflammation
- Passive atelectasis
+ Organization of fibrin
A child died from pneumonia. On dissection is overhead lobe of left lung close-
settled, visceral pleura is covered by the fibrinous raid, surface of microscopic
section of the staggered lobe fine-grained, grey color, the pieces of lung sink in
water. Microscopically - in the road clearance of teethridges fibrinous exsudate
with the admixtures of plenty of neutrophilic leucocytes. What pneumonia
entailed death of child?
- Putrid
- Festering
- Necrotizing
+ Croupous
- Hemorragic
At a patient high temperature, shortness of breath, pain, in the right half of thorax.
During pleura punction 700ml of creamy liquid of chlor color is remote. Most
credible diagnosis:
- bronchopneumonia
- carcinomatosis of pleura
- serosal pleurisy
+ empyema of pleura
- Hemorragic pleurisy
By sick croupous pneumonia after the decline of temperature, on 6th day diseases,
independently halted stationary treatment. What most credible complication will
arise up in the near time?
- Necropneumonia
+ Carnification
- Abscess of lung
- Bronchoectatic illness
- Pulmonary heart
At a patient after the strong supercooling appeared cough, pains in the right half
of thorax, which increased at breathing, fever. Died on the 5th day of disease at
the syndrome of acute cardiac insufficiency. On a microscopic section lower lobe
of right lung close-settled, a pleura is covered by white-grey tape, surface of
microscopic section fine-grained, grey color. Histological the fibrin saturated with
plenty of neutrophilic leucocytes is exposed in the road clearance of teethridges.
Specify credible illness?
- hearth pneumonia
+ Croupous pneumonia
- Interlobular pneumonia
- interstitial pneumonia
- Peribronchial pneumonia
On the section of suddenly dying the compressions of overhead lobe of right lung
are marked. Here on the visceral pleura of local character of deposit of fibrin. On
a microscopic section lobe of grey color, airless. The moderate amount of
festering sputum is marked in respiratory tracts. In the parenchima of lungs there
are distrophic changes. The described changes are characteristic for:
+ Croupous pneumonia
- Spontaneous pneuomothorax
- Bronchopneumonia
- Atelectasis
- Intervening pneumonia
At dissection of dying, 43 years, the megascopic grey dense airless lower lobe of
left lung is exposed, visceral pleura of this lobe with stratification of fibrin.
Microscopically: in all teethridges fibrinous-leucocyte exsudate. What from the
stages of development of croupous pneumonia took place?
- Wave
- Red hepatization
- Permissions
+ Grey hepatization
- Large pied lung
At a man 60 years, which was ill bronchoectatic illness and died from kidney
insufficiency, on autopsy the lardaceous of kidneys is exposed. Specify most
important his sign diagnostically.
- Greasy type of kidneys
- Sclerosis of kidneys
- Renomegaly in sizes
- Compression of kidneys
+ Congo-mouth positive deposits in glomerulis
During necropsy miner which obtained an anhydroferrite, black lungs looking like
lungs at antracosiså are exposed. Microscopically: moderate pneumosclerosis,
submilliar and milliar knots which consist of dustborne cells with the particles of
ferrous dust in them [positive reaction on iron]. In lymphatic knots much dusts
and considerable diffuse sclerosis. Your diagnosis?
+ Black siderosis
- Red siderosis
- Aluminiosis
- Berilliosis
- Syndrome of Caplan [I.Caplan]
On a microscopic section at dying one all underbody of left lung of grey color
hepatic consistency, on a pleura scrap of yellow-grey thin tape. Etiology of
disease:
+ Streptococcus of pneumonia
- Thrombosis of the system of bronchial arteries
- Mycobacteria of tuberculosis
- Treponema pallidum
- Thrombosis of the system of pulmonary arteries
On dissection exposed, that all right lung is megascopic, dense, on the pleura of
deposit of fibrin, on a microscopic section tissue of grey color, which a turbid
liquid refluxs with. For what disease of lungs characteristic such picture?
+ Croupous pneumonia
- Hearth pneumonia
- Interstitial pneumonia
- Necropneumonia
- Bronchoectatic illness
On dissection of patient which a lot of years worked on a mine and died from
chronic pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency, discovered, that lungs have little air,
considerably close-settled, sclerotic, apexes are emphisematous changed, surface
of black, on a microscopic section tissue of lungs of black. What illness did death
come from?
+ Antracosis
- Schistosis
- Talcosis
- Asbestosis
- Aluminiosis
On dissection in a lung found out plural hearths to 2,5 sm in the diameter of the
rounded form, dense, airless, without clear scopes bright red. At microscopic
research red corpuscles, two-bit of lymphocytes, are found in the road clearance
of teethridges. The described changes are characteristic for:
+ Influenzal pneumonia
- Croupous pneumonia
- Hemorragic heart attack of lung
- Morbillous pneumonia
- Aspiration pneumonia
At a girl, 5 years after the carried pneumonia a gonalgia and slight swelling and
lower third of thigh appeared with local hyperemia. At morphological research
necrosis of tissues is exposed bones, accumulation of neutrophilic leucocytes,
subperiosteal abscesses, in nearby soft tissues is phlegmonous inflammation.
Diagnose the disease.
+ Acute hematogenous osteomielitis
- Chronic abscess
- Chronic hematogenous osteomielitis
- Tubercular osteomielitis
- Not hematogenous osteomielitis
On dissection of child, in age 5 years, which during all life suffered from acute
respirators infections, chronic bronchitis, pneumonias, and system defeat of
excretory glands, obturation atelectasiss and bronchoectases are exposed in lungs,
from the surface of microscopic section - thick festering-mucous mass refluxs.
Microscopically are the phenomena
festering bronchitis and pneumonia, shallow bronchoectases and abscesses. What
from the transferred diagnoses is most possible?
+ pulmonary form of mucoviscidosis
- bronchopneumonia
- bronchoectatic illness
- chronic pneumonia
- chronic bronchitis.
At dissection of dying from pneumonia of patient exposed, that the lower lobe of
right lung is dense, airless, on the microscopic section of grey color, on the
visceral pleura of imposition of fibrin. Specify most credible etiology of
pneumonia.
+ Pneumococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Mycoplasmous
- Viral
At a man, 45 years, during the last 3 years disturbed a dry cough, the shortness of
breath, pulmonary insufficiency, rapid loss of weight, grew. On dissection a
pulmonary heart is set, In lungs plenty of cavities laciniate, containing air.
Acutely expressed fibrinosis of pulmonary tissue. Lungs as "honeycombs".
Histologicaly: interstitial fibrinosis with the expressed infiltration of strome by
lymphocytes, by plasmatic cells. Will you set a diagnosis?
+ Bronchoectatic illness
- Post-inflammatory pneumosclerosis
- Chronic bullous emphysema
- Fibrozing alveolitis
- Dustborne pneumosclerosis
On necropsy man, 50 years, the following changes are exposed: right lung
moderate in all departments dense, on a microscopic section tissue airless, finely
grainy, dry. Visceral pleura with stratification of fibrin of grey-brown color. Will
you define a diagnosis?
+ Croupous pneumonia
- Tuberculosis
- Bronchopneumonia
- Interstitial pneumonia
- Pneumofibrosis
At a man dying from an asphyxia, and which a lot of years suffered on bronchial
asthma, at histological research of lungs exposed: in the road clearance of
bronchioles and shallow bronchial tubes there is a lot of mucus with the admixture
of eosinophiles, sclerosis of interalveolar partitions expansion of road clearances
of teethridges. What from the mechanisms of development of reaction of
hypersensitiveness takes place?
+ Reagine reaction
- Cytotoxic reaction
- Immunocomplex reaction
- Cytolysis conditioned by lymphocytes
- Granulomatosis
At a man, 45 years, during the last 3 years disturbed a dry cough, the shortness of
breath, pulmonary insufficiency rapid loss of weight, grew. On dissection is
pulmonary heart, in lungs acutely expressed fibrinosis, with the presence of
cavities of "honeycombs creating a picture". Histological: interstitial fibrinosis
with the expressed infiltration of strome of lymphohistiocytes with the admixture
of neutrophyles. Will you set a diagnosis?
+ Bronchoectatic illness
- Post-inflammatory pneumosclerosis
- Chronic bullous emphysema
- Fibrozing alveolitis
- Dustborne pneumosclerosis
At necropsy man with the malignant tumour of stomach dying from cancer
intoxication, in the back lower departments of lungs exposed dense grey-red color
of wrong form hearths which overflow above the surface of microscopic section.
Microscopically here an exsudate in which a lot of neutrophyles appears in a road
clearance, walls of shallow bronchial tubes and teethridges. What disease exposed
in lungs?
+ Acute festering bronchopneumonia
- Acute bronchitis
- Croupous pneumonia
- Intermediate pneumonia
- Acute serosal bronchopneumonia
At dissection of dying from pneumonia of patient exposed, that the lower lobe of
right lung is dense, airless, on the microscopic section of grey color, on the
visceral pleura of imposition of fibrin. Specify most credible etiology of
pneumonia.
+ Pneumococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Mycoplasmous
- Viral
Man, 63 years, which in the flow 15 years suffered by chronic diffuse obstructive
emphysema of lungs, died from making progress cardiac insufficiency. On
dissection a muscat hepatocirrhosis, cianotic induration of kidneys and spleen,
hydroperitoneum, edemata of lower extremities, is exposed. For what as cardiac
insufficiency characteristic these changes in internalss?
+ Chronic right ventricle insufficiency
- Acute right ventricle insufficiency
- Chronic left ventricle insufficiency
- Acute left ventricle insufficiency
- General cardiac insufficiency
At microscopic research of bioptate from lungs atypical cells which form plural
acinalstructures and product mucus are exposed. What histological form of cancer
of lungs takes place at a patient?
+ High-differentiated adenocarcinome
- Moderato differentiated adenocarcinome
- Undifferentiated cancer
- Planocellular cancer
- Glandular squame cell cancer
At dissection a dissector exposed, that lungs are megascopic in sizes, pale, soft
consistency, don't fade, is microscopic section with a crunch. Microscopically is
expansion of alveolar tuber, interalveolar partitions thin, is signs of intracapillar
sclerosis. What disease of lungs a such morphological picture is characteristic
for?
+ Emphysema
- Pneumosclerosis
- Pneuomothorax
- Atelectasis
- Pneumonia
At a patient high temperature, shortness of breath, pain, in the right half of thorax.
During pleura punction 700ml of creamy liquid of chlor color is remote. Most
reliable diagnosis:
+ Empyema of pleura
- Carcinomatosis of pleura
- Serosal pleurisy
- Fibrinous pleurisy
- Hemorragic pleurisy
A patient, 67 years, had the heavy form of flu with a fatal outcome. On a section
the changes were discovered in lungs on the type of "large pied lungs". At
microscopic research exposed: acute plethora of vessels, hemorrhage, edema of
pulmonary tissue, in the road clearance of bronchial tubes and teethridges an
exsudate to what contains red corpuscles mainly. What character of lungs fever do
these morphological signs testify to?
+ Hemorragic bronchopneumonia
- Catarrhal bronchopneumonia
- Festering bronchopneumonia
- Desquamative bronchopneumonia
- Fibrinous pneumonia
At necropsy miner working in a mine more than 10 years in a lung bars of fibred
tissue and knots are exposed 0,2-0,3 sm in a diameter. At histological research in
knots two-bit of brownish dust, concentric excrescences of connecting tissue poor
by cells, with the expressed hyalinosis. About what pneumoconiosiså is it
necessary to think in this case?
+ Schistosis
- Talcosis
- Asbestosis
- Siderosis
- Berilliosis
On necropsy man by age 58 years, which long time used the far of alcohol and
died at home, it was found: macroscopically is right lung dense and megascopic
in sizes, tissue on the microscopic section of grey color homogeneous, a pleura is
covered by greyish pellicles stratifications; microscopically is the cavity of
teethridges contains filaments to the fibrin, hemolized red corpuscles. Diagnose
the disease.
+ Croupous pneumonia
- Hearth pneumonia
- Interstitial pneumonia
- Primary white plague
- Caseous pneumonia
On necropsy man, 58 years, which practised long time upon an alcohol and died
at home, it was exposed: macroscopically is right lung dense and megascopic in
sizes, tissue on the microscopic section of grey color, homogeneous, a pleura is
covered by greyish pellicles stratifications; microscopically are the road
clearances of
teethridges contain the filaments of fibrin, haemolyzed red corpuscles. Diagnose
the disease.
+ Croupous pneumonia.
- Hearth pneumonia.
- Interstitial pneumonia.
- Primary white plague.
- Caseous pneumonia.
On necropsy man with the malignant tumour of stomach, which died from cancer
intoxication, in the back lower departments of lungs exposed dense grey-red
color, wrong form hearths, which overflow above the surface of microscopic
section. Microscopically in a road clearance, walls of shallow bronchial tubes and
teethridges is exsudate rich in neutrophiles. Name the exposed disease.
- Interstitial pneumonia.
- Acute bronchitis.
- Croupous pneumonia.
+ Acute festering bronchopneumonia.
- Acute serosal bronchopneumonia.
On autopsy: lungs are megascopic, pale, soft consistency, paste together not, is
microscopic section with a crunch.
Microscopically is expansion of alveolar tubes, interalveolar partitions thin, signs
of intracapillar sclerosis. What disease of lungs a such morphological picture is
characteristic for?
- Pneumonias.
- Pneumosclerosisà.
- Pneuomothoraxà.
- Atelectasis.
+ Emphysema.
A man of 68 years old, who had been suffering from emphysema of lungs for the
last 15 years, suddenly died of acute cardiac insufficiency. On the dissection of
the defunct, the lungs are enlarged, cover with their edges the anterior
mediastinum, blown out, pale, soft, don’t deflate, are dissected with a crunch;
from the lumen of bronchial tubes, their walls are thickened, of grey color,a
mucopurulent exudate is squeezed out. What the most probable type of
emphysema did a patient have?
+ Chronic obstructive emphysema
– Perifocal emphysema
– Vicarial emphysema
– Senile emphysema
– Idiopathic emphysema
A patient died of increasing pneumo-cardiac insufficiency. At the histological
research is discovered a diffuse lesion of lungs with an interstitial edema, the
infiltration of interstitial tissue by lymphocytes, macrophages, plasmocytes;
pneumofibrosis, emphysema. Your diagnosis.
+ Fibrosing alveolitis
– Chronic bronchitis
– Bronchopneumonia
– Atelectasis
– Bronchial asthma
A patient of 70 years old, suffering on a chronic bronchitis for a long time, died of
increasing pneumo-cardiac insufficiency. At the pathohistological research is
discovered: the lungs are increased in sizes, turgid, pale. There is an inflammatory
infiltrate, a plenty of scyphoid cells in the mucus membrane of bronchi, the
proximal departments of acini are sharply extended. Your diagnosis.
+ Emphysema of lungs
– Bronchial asthma
– Bronchopneumonia
– Chronic bronchitis
A man of 60 years old was anxious for pneumococcal pleuropneumonia and died
of cardiovascular inefficiency and intoxication. At the postmortem dissection: in
the middle lobe of right lung has been found out of shape cavity of the size of
5x5x7 cm and with unequal scalloped edges, filled with yellow-green viscous
mass. Around the cavity, the pulmonary tissue of the whole lobe is dense, of grey
color without a vesicular structure. What sequelae of pleuropneumonia did arise
up in the middle lobe of right lung?
+ Acute abscess
– Chronic abscess
– Acute cavern
– Chronic cavern
– Cyst
At the necropsy of a woman with a malignant tumour of large intestine, who has
died of cancerous intoxication, in the low-back departments of lungs are found
dense of gray-red color out of shape cells, without chiselled borders, that
overhang the surface of discission. Microscopically, in the lumen of small bronchi
and alveoli is defined a serous-leukocytic exudate with the admixture of mucus.
Which pathology of lungs had the patient?
+ Acute bronchopneumonia
– Acute bronchitis
– Croupous pneumonia
– Intermediate pneumonia
– Acute venous hyperemia
The patient, who had suffered from the disease of lungs for a long time, died of
increasing pulmonary heart disease. At the necropsy, the lungs are increased in
volume, don’t deflate. On a discission the tissue reminds a sponge; the large
bullous formations are defined against its background. Microscopically is noticed:
a considerable dilating of alveoles and a breakage of interalveolar septums.
Indicate the type of pulmonary pathology.
+ Emphysema of lungs
– Chronic bronchitis
– Pneumosclerosis
– Pneumonia
– Bronchial asthma
The upper lobe of the right lung is enlarged, grey and airless, the inscisi-on
surface is dripping with turbid liquid, the pleura has many fibrinogenous films;
microscopical, examination of alveoles revealed exudate containing neutrophils,
desquamated alveolocytes and fibrin fibers. The bronchus wall is intact. What is
the most probable diagnosis?
– Focal pneumonia
– Interstitial pneumonia
– Influenzal pneumonia
+ Croupous pneumonia
– Pulmonary abscess
A patient ill with thrombophlebitis of rns lower limbs had chest pain, blood
spitting, progressing respiratory insufficiency that led to his death. Autopsy
diagnosed multiple lung infarctions. What is the most probable cause of their
development?
– Thrombosis of pulmonary artery branches
– Thrombosis of pulmonary veins
+ Thromboembolism of pulmonary artery branches
– Thromboembolism of bronchial arteries
– Thrombosis of bronchial arteries
Woman, 67 years of old, suffers from the cancer of stomach with metastases in
liver. What
property of tumourous cells is predetermined by their capacity for metastasizing?
- autocrinity
- autonomy
- quick growth
+ infiltrative growth
- atypizmus
For a woman, 46 years of old, during a palliative operation concerning the cancer
of stomach
the presence of Kruckenberg metastases in ovaries, is determined ('Kruckenberg
cancer of ovaries"). What from the established ways of metastasis did result in the
defeat of ovaries?
- hematogenic
- lymphogenic orthograde
+ lymphogenic retrograde
- Implant
- canalicular
On dissection the liver died 62 years, is found the hearths of dissociation of tissue
by a diameter 4 sm, filled by the liquid of yellow-green color.
Most credible diagnosis:
- phlegmon
+ abscess
- carbuncle
- empyema
- granuloma
Patient of 42 years, last two years was treated from chronic alcoholism.
Nowadays complains on a rapid loss of weight, itch of skin, increase of
volume of stomach (drum belly), breathlessness, dull pain in right hypogastrium.
Macroscopically:
liver is small sizes, dense, knobby. Paracenteticl biopsy of
liver: hydropic and ballooning dystrophy of hepatic cells, separate
focuses of necroses. There are hyaline little corpuscles of Mellori. In hepatic
lobules are wedged wide fibrous excrescences which separate
parenchyma on "false lobules". Along cholangiols active
proliferation of cells is observed, placed with formation of small granulomas.
Your diagnosis?
- Chronic alcoholic hepatitis
- Chronic cholangitis
- cholangiocellullar cancer
+ Portal cirrhosis of liver
- Toxic dystrophy of liver
During dissection body of died the metastases of cancer are detected in a liver.
If considering that speech goes about the primary metastases of hematogenic
genesis,
what is localization of primary tumour?
- Lungs
+ Stomach
- Mammary gland
- Larynx
- Kidneys
During necropsy of a woman, 28 years of old, that was down with acute
appendicitis,
plural acute abscesses of liver led
to death were found. What morphological changes of appendix's wall and
surrounding
tissues did result in development of mortal complication?
- Perforation of wall of sprout
- Empyema of sprout
+ Appendicular thrombophlebitis
- Appendicular thromboarteritis
- self-amputation of appendix
The woman of 32 years, entered surgical clinic with the picture of acute
stomach, acute appendicitis was diagnosed; during research of
resected vermicular appendix was established that there are augmented
in sizes, walls are thickened, a peritoneum is covered by greenish membranous
applications, there are the masses of excrement and pus in clear space;
microscopically:
all of layers of appendix's wall contain diffuse leukocytic infiltrate,
in the own plate of mucous membrane and in a muscular layer plural small
abscesses are located
on a peritoneum fibrinous applications with leukocytic infiltrate are found
with. Diagnose the type of appendicitis.
+ pertaining to apostema
- simplex
- Superficial
- Phlegmonous
- Gangrenous
The woman of 41years, complains on pain in epigastrium 2-2,5 hours after feed.
Food intolerance of fish and eggs. At FGDS: chronic
ulcer of bulb of duodenum - it is confirmed by a biopsy.
Positive urease reaction. What most credible leading mechanism
development of disease?
+ Helicobacterious infection
- Products of autoantibodies
- Intestinal infection
- Decline of synthesis of prostaglandins
- Food allergy
Patient of 22 years [in 20 years has had viral hepatitis B); hospitalized
in a clinic with complaints about indefinite pain in right
hypogastrium, dyspeptic phenomena, loss of weight. In sampling of
hepatic tissue
an irreversible intracellular change which is
typical for the old viral hepatitis A is detected. What is it a change?
+ Kaunsilmen bodies
- Hydropic dystrophy
- Dim edema of hepatic cells
- Intercellular obesity
- Glycogen accumulation in the nucleuses of cells
On histological research resected vermicular appendix was sent. Sizes are his
enlarged, adventitial membrane is dim, sanguineous, covered by membranes of
fibrin, walls are thickened, on a cut from its lumen a pus is excreted. At
microscopic research there is a plethora of vessels, edema of all of layers and its
diffuse infiltration by leucocytes. Name the form of appendicitis
+ Phlegmonous
- Pertaining to apostema
- Stand
- Superficial
- Gangrenous
Patient, that was ill with cancer of stomach with plural metastases died from
cachexy. Single out the typical changes of heart, those were detected on
dissection:
+ Brown atrophy of myocardium
- Amyloid megalocardia
- Dilatational cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- "Tiger" heart
Patient, what suffered from chronic viral hepatitis, died of acute posthemorrhagic
anaemia which appear on a background bleeding from the varicose extended
veins of gullet. On dissection a liver is sharp diminished in sizes, of a dense
consistency, surface is small knobby. Microscopic picture is similar - thin-loop
connecting-tissue net and small false lobules. What morphogenetic type of
cirrhosis does take place in a liver?
+ Portal cirrhosis
- Postnecrotic cirrhosis
- Mixed cirrhosis
- Viral cirrhosis
- Biliary cirrhosis
At patient C., suffering from chronic alcoholism and cirrhosis of liver, the profuse
bleeding from the varicose extended veins of gullet has developed, death came as
a result. There is a small-knobbed liver, diminished in sizes, dense, of a rather
yellow color on autopsy. At histological research liver's of frozen sections
(hematoxylin and eosin stain) large optically empty vacuoles, that contain black-
coloured (with osmium acid usage) substance are revealed in hepatocytes.
Optically empty vacuoles of hepatocytes are:
+ Large-drop fatty degeneration
- Hyaloplasm's pseudovacuoles
- Alcoholic hyalin (Mellori bodies)
- Vacuolar hydropic dystrophy
- Including of hyalin
At patient C., 67 years old, protractedly suffering a bilious-stone illness with the
signs of cholangitis and cholangiolitis, the cirrhosis of liver developed. What of
the stated below types of cirrhosis does it cover?
+ Biliary
- Infectious
- Toxic and toxic-allergic
- Alimentary-metabolic
- Circulatory
At histological research of tumour of stomach a lot of signet ring cells are found.
Name the histological variant of cancer.
+ Mucous
- Solid
- Adenocarcinoma
- Sarcoma
- Carcinoid
Patient N. came into the in-patient department with the diagnosis of mushroom
poisoning, where he died on the 12th day with the signs of acute hepatic failure.
On the section – macroscopically: liver is flabby, flaccid, of yellow-grey colour,
argillous by appearance both on the surface and on the section, microscopically:
areas of necrosis with autolytic breakdown and formation of fatty-proteic detritus
in the centre and narrow stripe of hepatocytes in the condition of fatty
degeneration on the periphery of hepatic segments. Your diagnosis?
+ Massive hepatic necrosis in the stage of yellow dystrophy
- Massive hepatic necrosis in the stage of red dystrophy
- Chronic massive hepatic necrosis
- Wilson’s disease
- inherited pigmentary hepatosis
At the operation of the boy of 12 years old is ablated appendix and send to the
pathologist on the research. Macroscopically: appendix in the distal part with
clavate thickening of 3 cm in the diameter, at the incision of which overflew the
limpid yellow fluid, the wall of appendix became thin. Microscopically: atrophy
of all layers of appendix, there are no signs of inflammation. Diagnosis?
+ Dropsy of appendix
- Phlegmonous appendix
- Empyema of appendix
- Chronic appendix
- Myxoglobulosis of appendix
A patient of 38 years old came into the hospital with the temperature of the body
of 39, 4 degrees Celsius, sharp extended pain in the pit of the stomach At the
operation was made a decision to ablate the whole stomach. The histological
research of all anatomic parts of the stomach showed an expended pyo-destructive
inflammation of all layers of the wall with the formation of multiple small
abscesses. Diagnosis?
+ Phlegmonous gastritis
- Chronic gastritis, type A
- Chronic gastritis, type B
- Chronic gastritis, type C
- Chelicobacter-associated gastritis
After the mushroom’s poisoning for a patient developed the signs of acute hepatic
insufficiency, that led to his death. On the dissection of defunct’s body a liver is
diminished macroscopically, languid, a capsule is wrinkled, the tissue is yellow
on a section. Microscopically: fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes, the central
departments of lobules are represented with tissue detritus. The found out
changes are characteristic for:
+ Massive progressive necrosis
– Fatty hepatosis
– Acute exudative hepatitis
– Acute productive hepatitis
– Hepatolenticular degeneration
A patient K. has entered the in-patient department with the clinical picture of
hepatic insufficiency, where and died. A liver on a section is dense, slightly
diminished in sizes, with a knobby surface. The nodes-regenerates of identical
sizes (mostly of to 0,3 cm in diameter) divided by narrow layers of connective
tissue are observered. What macroscopic form of pathology of liver is this?
+ micronodular cirrhosis
– hepatic fibrosis
– coarse nodular cirrhosis
– muscat hepatic fibrosis
– mixed cirrhosis
During the urgent laparotomy of the patient of 42 years old was defined a
thickened, of grayish-black color vermiform appendix. In its distal part is seen a
defect of the wall, through which from the lumen of appendix effuse grayish-
brown masses with an unpleasant smell. At the microscopic research, the wall of
appendix is necrotizing along the whole length with the foci of hemorrhages, the
lumen of the mesenteric artery is filled with a thrombus. Which morphologic form
of appendicitis has a patient?
+ Gangrenous
– Phlegmonous
– Chronic
– Simple
– Pertaining to apostema
A man of 50 years old was extirpated a tumour of the wall of a large intestine.
Microscopically, it is represented with fascicles of collagen fibres of various
thickness, shape and direction; and with a small amount of monomorphic spindle-
shaped cells, distributed unequally among the fibres. A cellular atypism is poorly
expressed. What is the name of this tumour?
+ dense fibroma
– fibromyoma
– soft fibroma
– desmoid
– fibrosarcoma
At the necropsy of a man, who has died of mushroom poisoning is defined, that a
liver is diminished, its capsule is wrinkled, and the hepatic tissue is of red color
on a discission. Microscopically: a fatty-proteinaceous detritus, there are
sinusoids, overfull with blood in parenchyma of the organ. What is your
diagnosis?
+ Toxic dystrophy of liver (stage of red dystrophy)
– Toxic dystrophy of liver (stage of yellow dystrophy)
– Postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver
– Chronic active hepatitis
– Portal cirrhosis of liver
At the examination of patient K. of 27 years old, are found out numeral perianal
fistulas, from which a purulent exudate effuses. Paraproctitis is noticed.
Sequela of what kind of colitis can be the above-mentioned manifestations?
+ Acute colitis
– Chronic colitis
– Polypous colitis
– Hypertrophic colitis
– Ulcerous colitis
A patient K. of 55 years old, has excessive used an alcohol for a long time. For
some time past appeared pain in right hypochondrium, the liver is increased in
sizes. At the research of biopsy material of the liver are found out cricoid
hepatocytes, which are located as separate areas. What diagnosis can be foreseen?
+ Fatty hepatosis (steatosis of liver)
– Acute hepatitis
– Toxic dystrophy of liver
– Cancer of liver
– Biliary cirrhosis
A patient, who had the long-lasting pain in the stomach, was executed a
gastrobiopsy. Histologically, an integumentary-patching epithelium is applanate,
the glands are shortened, and their quantity is decreased. The areas of sclerosis
and diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration are noticed in the proper lamina of
mucus lining. What is your diagnosis?
+ Atrophy gastritis
– Hypertrophic gastritis
– Ulcerous illness
– Superficial gastritis
– Erosive gastritis