Phnom Penh Teacher Education College

Department of Educational Research and Library

Lesson Plan
 Lecturer: Ms. Tholthoeun Chanraksmey
 Subject: Educational Research
 Year: 3
 Program: 12+4
 Week: 13-1, 13-2
 Theme: Qualitative Data Collection 1: Classroom Observation
 Duration: 2 hours

1. Aims: In this lesson, the students will learn how to conduct observation and classroom
observation, with their learning designing classroom observation, purpose, choosing a
class, and data collection (recording).
2. Objectives: by the end of the lesson, students will be able to
 Explain why and how to conduct classroom observation.
 Understand how to apply classroom observation to research/practice.
3. Teaching materials:
 ‘Chapter 13: Observation’ in Denscombe, M. (2014) The Good Research Guide (5th
Edition). Open University Press. (pp.205-224)
 ‘Chapter 10: How to Carry Out Participant Observation’ in Dawson C. (2007) A
Practical Guide to Research Methods (3rd Edition). Spring Hill House. (pp.105-113)

 ‘Chapter Six: Being a Carful Observer’ in Merriam, S & Tisdell, E. (2016) Qualitative
Reserch: A Guide to Design and Implementation (4th Edition). Jossey-Bass.
 ‘Chapter 9: Selecting a method of data collection’ in Kumar,R. (2014) Research
Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners(4th Edition). SAGE Publications Ltd.

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Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Department of Educational Research and Library

 Chapter 19: Observation and Ethnography” in Flick, U. (2018) An Introduction to

Qualitative Research (6th Edition). SAGE Publications Ltd.

4. Procedure:
Teacher’s activities Content Student’s activities
Phase I (5 Mins)
Greeting

- T. greets Ss, checks Greet, check attendance , date - Ss. Greet T.

attendance, date and and hygiene - Class monitor
hygiene informs T. about
attendance
Phase 2 (15 Mins)
Warm Up and Old Lesson
Review

- T. asks Ss. “How to make a good - Ss. reply

questionnaire?”

- T. asks Ss. whether - Ss. reply

they have read the
materials the T. gave
last week
- T. asks “Do you
know what we are “Classroom Observation” - Ss. reply
going to study
today?
Phase 3 (50 Mins)
Introducing the New Lesson

“Classroom Observation”
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Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Department of Educational Research and Library

- T. asks Ss a few 1. What did you do - Ss. answer based

questions during your practicum on their own
period in year 1? experience and
- Classroom observation understanding as
2. What is the purpose of well as share their
Classroom ideas
Observation?
- To see how teachers
teach their students in
real classroom, etc…
3. How did you conduct
classroom
observation?
- Went to observe
teachers at particular
schools teaching in
their class, noted
down, etc…
4. Why did you note
down?”
- Because I wanted to - Ss. listen and
note down important follow
aspects etc…
- T. presents today  Presentation
lesson What is Classroom
Observation?
A formative (continuous)
process of gathering data
around teacher learning
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Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Department of Educational Research and Library

targets to provide feedback to

the teacher regarding growth
and to inform future teacher
learning.
What should an observer do
before observation?
What: One or more observers
spending time in the class to
observe a lesson partly or
completely.
Why: Two major purposes
1. Evaluation: It may
lead to making
administrative
decisions such as,
rating of appraisal, job
conflict, warning etc.
2. Professional
Development: This
approach to lesson
observation is driven
by a concern for
continuous Quality
improvement.
Who: Observer may be the
principal, vice principal,
HOD, any supervisor or any
colleague.
How: A teacher may be
Observed unannounced, or
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Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Department of Educational Research and Library

with a prior notice. Single

observation or series of
observations. 
What is clinical
observation?
 It is a well-known
classroom observation
approach.
 Three basic steps:
1. Pre-Observation
conference: Before
observation teacher discuss
the lesson plan with observer.
2. Class Observation:
Observer, Observe the class
quietly, takes notes
and gathers important data.
3. Post-Lesson Conference:
Feedback session, Sharing the
observations positively with
teacher. 
How do researchers make
observation effective?
- To make observation
effective, they should
know essential
elements of the
observation schedule,
using the checklist,
what is to be observed,
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Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Department of Educational Research and Library

how those things are

to be recorded and
measured.
- Usually researchers
use field notes (in
other words
observation notes)
together with Video
recording.
- As soon as you finish
interview, while you
have fresh memory,
you need to produce
information you feel
and gain through
observation, looking at
memos that you took
in class.
Phase 4 (30 Mins)
Evaluation and Wrap Up

- T. gets individual to Activity: Students are divided - Ss work in group

work in a group of 3 into a group of 3 to have a
- T. explains Ss what better understanding of - Ss listen carefully
to do observation and classroom and ask if they
observation. have questions
- Ss. present their
- T. gets each group to In groups, students discuss work
present their posters when they need to conduct
in class observation and what they

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Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Department of Educational Research and Library

- T. asks Ss. of what want to observe in class. - Ss. answer

they have learnt Then, have students make a
today sample of observation
schedule/plan.

Remember: they need to pay

attention to what they have to
be aware of. Every group will
make a presentation of their
ideas based on the group
discussion on posters to share
ideas together.

Phase 5 (5 Mins)
Homework
- T. tells Ss to read the The following lesson: - Ss. listen
next lesson Conducting effective carefully and do
interview and sampling the homework

5. Blackboard Layout:
The main points of the lesson will be written on the board
6. Lesson Evaluation:
Each student’s presentations and students’participation in classroom discussion