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Noun Clauses Paper
Noun Clauses Paper
NOUN CLAUSES
This paper is written to fulfil the assignment of Intermediate Grammar Course.
Lecturer: Drs.Syauqi M.Pd.
Written by:
Ahmad Reza Fahlevi 11180140000018
Mutiara Arista 11120140000037
Nabila Maura Galuh D.P 11200140000058
Nur Ambaria Jannah 11180140000017
Zhara Nur Azmi Laila 11200140000045
A. INTRODUCTION
Definition of "Clause": A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb.
Definition of a “Phrase”: A phrase is a group of words that does not contain a subject or a
verb.
An Independent clause or a main clause is a complete sentence. It contains the main subject
and verb of a sentence.
Example:
Sue Lives in Tokyo. (statement)
Where does Sue Live? (question)
A noun clause is a clause that plays the role of a noun. For example (noun clauses
underlined):
I like what I see. (Like all clauses, a noun clause has a subject and a verb. In this example,
the subject of the clause is "I" and the verb is "see.")
I know that patience has its limits. (In this example, the subject of the clause is "patience"
and the verb is "has.")
How To Check If Your Clause Is Functioning As a Noun
A great way to check whether a phrase or clause is functioning as a noun is to have a go at
replacing it with a pronoun. If you can, your phrase or clause is functioning as a noun.
What I say is true.
(Pronoun test: "It is true." This proves that "What I say" is functioning as a noun.)
Show me how they work.
(Pronoun test: "Show me them." This proves that "how they work" is functioning as a noun.)
The Function of Noun Clauses
Like any noun, a noun clause can be a subject, an object, or a complement. Here are some
more easy examples of noun clauses as subjects, objects, and complements.
Whoever smelt it dealt it. (Here, the noun clause is a subject.)
My command is whatever you wish. (Here, the noun c subject complement.)
I will give what you said some thought. (Here, the noun clause is an indirect object. That's
pretty rare.)
In other situations, the subject of the question and the answer are different:
Object
Noun Clause
Subject Verb
As Subject
a. Whether he comes or not is unimportant to me
Subject
NB : if word cannot use as
Noun Clause
subject
Question words (when, where, how, who, whom, whose, what, which) and
whether may be followed by an infinitive. Each pair of sentences in the examples
has the same meaning. Notice that the meaning expressed by the infinitive is either
should or can/could.
e.g
1. He told me when I should come
In (a) : that he is a good actor is a noun clause. It is used as the object of the verb think.
Note : The word that, when it introduce a noun clause, has no meaning itself. It simply marks
the beginning of the clause. Frequently it is omitted, as in (b), especially in speaking. (If used
in speaking, it is unstressed.)
F. QUOTED SPEECH
Quoted speech refers to reproducing words exactly as they were originally spoken. Quoted
speech is also called “direct speech.”
Quotation marks (“. ..”) are used. In British English, quotation marks are called “inverted
commas” and can consist of either double marks (“) or a single mark (‘).
1. QUOTING ONE SENTENCE
LATE REPORTING:
- I didn’t go to class yesterday. Did Mr. Jones make any assignment?
- Yes. He said he wanted us to read Chapter Six.
Note:
1. when the reporting verb is simple present, present perfect, or simple future the noun clause
verb is not changed
2. Should, ought to, and might do not change to a past form.
Whatever
Let’s start with the word whatever. The word whatever can mean “anything” at all or “it
doesn’t matter what.”
Example:
You can have whatever you like.
This sentence means: “You can have anything that you like.”
Whatever also means “it doesn’t matter what.”
Whatever you do, don’t come home after sunset!
This sentence means: “I don’t care what you are doing. Just don’t come after sunset!”
In this case, “Whatever you do” is a not a necessary clause, but is used
to emphasize when to return home.
You can eat whatever you want in this restaurant.
This mean: You can eat what you want to eat in this restaurant.
Whichever
Whoever
Our next -ever word is: whoever or whomever. Unlike other -ever words, this word has
two forms. The word whomever has become less common over the years because of the
difficulty people have had knowing when to use it. Today, whoever is more popular in
American English.
The word whoever can mean “any person” or “it doesn’t matter who.”
Example:
Whoever told you that didn’t know much about cars.
This means: “Any person who gave you that piece of information did not know much
about cars.”
Whoever also means “it doesn’t matter who.”
Example :
Whoever you go with, make sure they bring their cell phone.
The speaker is saying that it doesn’t matter who you go with. Make sure they bring
their phone.
Whomever
Wherever
Our next word -- wherever -- can mean “in at or to any place” or “it doesn’t matter
where.”
Example:
Home can be wherever you find happiness.
This mean : “Home can be a place where we find happiness”.
Whenever
Onto our next -ever word: whenever. This word can mean “at any time” or “it doesn’t
matter when.”
Example :
I’m going to stay for another hour. Feel free to leave whenever you want.
This mean : The speaker allows the person to leave at any time, because he is away
for another hour.
Whenever you have time, let’s sit down and have some pie.
This mean: When you have free time, he wants to invite you to spend time to eating
pie together.
However
Now, let’s move on to our final -ever word for today: however. As you may
know, however can have a few meanings, including being a synonym for the word but.
But today, we’ll talk about its meanings as an -ever word. However can mean “in any way”
“any manner” or “it doesn’t matter how.”
Example :
We will help you however we can.
This mean: “We will help anyway that we can do fo you”.