1.

Knowledge is becoming the new source of power, but lifelong learning is the only way to remain
competitive in today's rapidly changing job market. (However)
 
2. Automation affects the number of workers in factories. It also affects the type of work that is done. (not only...
but also)
 
3. Engineering is still a male area of study. However, things are changing. (Although)
 
4. British students are far away from their family and friends. However, they like the idea of taking a year off. (In
spite of)
 
5. I had the necessary qualifications. However, I didn't get the job. (Despite)

Knowledge is becoming the new source of power. However, lifelong learning is the only way to remain
competitive in today's rapidly changing job market
Automation affects not only the number of workers in factories, but also the type of work that is done
Although engineering is still a male area of study, things are changing
In spite of being far away from their family and friends, British students like the idea of taking a year off
Despite having the necessary qualifications, I didn't get the job

1. I couldn’t sleep although I was tired. ( despite)

2. Although he has got an English name, he is in fact German. (despite)
3. In spite of her injured foot, she managed to walk to the village( although)
4. I decided to accept the job although the salary was low. ( in spite of)
5. We lost the match although we were the better team.( despite)
6. In spite of not having eaten for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry. (even though)
7. Although she was tired, she went to work ( but)
8. They went out for a walk, even though the weather was bad. ( despite)
9. She managed to write in spite of her injured hand ( although)
10. She has plenty of money, but she is very mean ( although)

I couldn’t sleep despite being tired

2. Despite having an English name / Despite his English name , he is in fact
German.
3. Although she had injured her foot / Although her foot was injured, she managed
to walk to the village.
4. I decided to accept the job in spite of the low salary / in spite of the salary being
low,
5. We lost the match despite being the better team/ despite the fact that we were
the better team.
6. Even though I hadn’t eaten for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry.
7. She was tired, but she went to work.
8. They went out for a walk despite the bad weather.
9. She managed to write although her hand was injured.
10. Although she has plenty of money, she is very mean.
1. Exercising is important for good health. Therefore, I do sport daily. (because)

2. He eats too much fast food. Consequently, he has put on weight. (as a result)

3. I enjoy exercising, so I have been working out at the gym. (since)

4. She plans to compete in the upcoming marathon. For this reason, she has been training
for the past month. (due to)

6.She sorted out her clothes. She realized that she needed some New ones. (while)

7.He stood on the chair. He wanted to reach the top shelf of the bookcase. (so that)

8.He was seriously ill. He refused to see a doctor. (despite)

9.They tied the thief up. They didn’t want him to escape. (so that)

10.He bought six bars of chocolate. He wanted each child to have one. (in order that)

1- Shelly practised well for her driving test;  __________ _____she passed it easily.
2- Mr. Philips is talkative, __________  his wife is shy and reserved.
despite –  because  of – whereas – due to – that’s why

3-Football fans often follow their teams to foreign countries ___________ support them.
4-Air pollution is mainly ___________ smoke from cars and factories

As a result – due to – however – despite – so as to

5-Jelloul speaks three foreign languages ___________ he has never been to school. 
6-The doctor says that Amal’s sleeping problems are ___________  the long hours she spends online

Because of – despite – In addition – although

7- We didn’t go on a picnic ___________   bad weather.

Because – due to – for

B- Join the pairs of sentences with the linking words given

1. Mr Ferguson’s car broke down on the way. He was late for work. (because)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Sonia went to work yesterday. She was not feeling well. ( although)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Jamal spent all the afternoon chatting. He didn’t have time do his homework ( because)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
4. My brother came home early. He wanted to watch the football match (so as to  )
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Jawad read the instructions carefully. He wasn’t able to install the printer ( Although)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
 6. Many people learn computer skills. They want to get better jobs. ( so as to )
…………………………………………………………………………………………
7. I like studying alone. My sister prefers working with a group ( Whereas)
……………………………………………………………………………………
8. Many students are dropping out of school. The school conditions have improved a lot. (although )
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Malaysia exports high technology. It invests in tourism as well. ( in addition)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Randa went to work this morning. The doctor advised her to stay in bed. ( although)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
11.  The students planted many trees. They cleaned all the classrooms too. ( Not only … but also)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Our local association is very active. Our neighbourhood is clean and safe. ( because)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
13.  Rachid got a loan from the bank. He wanted to buy an apartment. (in order to)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
14.  The meeting was cancelled. The manager was sick. (because of)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
15. The show was postponed. There were some technical problems ( due to )
………………………………………………………………………………………
16. Morocco has set up a large solar plant. Morocco wants to produce clean energy. ( in order to)
……………………………………………………………………………………………

C- Rewrite the following sentences as indicated:

1- John worked hard. He wanted to get his degree with honous.
In order  ……………………………………………………………………………….

2-Taha Hussein was blind. Yet, he wrote a lot of books.

Although ……………………………………………………………………………….

3-Malala won the Nobel Peace Prize in spite of her young age.
Although she ……………………………………………………………………………….

4-Despite being an expert, Jim couldn’t recover his files from his hard disk.
Although Jim …………………………………………………………………………

Shelly practised well for her driving test;  that’s why  she passed it easily.
1. Mr. Philips is talkative,  whereas  his wife is shy and reserved.
2. Football fans often follow their teams to foreign countries so as to  support them.
3. Air pollution is mainly due to  smoke from cars and factories
4. Jalal speaks three foreign languages although  he has never been to school. 
5. The doctor says that Amal’s sleeping problems are  because of  the long hours she spends online
6. We didn’t go on a picnic  due to    bad weather.

B- Join the pairs of sentences with the linking words given

1. Mr Ferguson’s car broke down on the way. He was late for work. ( because)
Mr Ferguson was late for work because his car broke down on the way
2. Sonia went to work yesterday. She was not feeling well. ( although)
Sonia went to work yesterday although he was not feeling well
3. Jamal spent all the afternoon chatting. He didn’t have time do his homework ( because)
Jamal didn’t have time do his homework because he spent all the afternoon chatting.
 4. My brother came home early. He wanted to watch the football match ( so as to  )
My brother came home early so as to watch the football match
5. Jawad read the instructions carefully. He wasn’t able to install the printer ( Although)
Jawad wasn’t able to install the printer although he read the instructions carefully/
6. Many people learn computer skills. They want to get better jobs. ( so as to )
Many people learn computer skills so as to to get better jobs
7. I like studying alone. My sister prefers working with a group ( Whereas)
I like studying alone, whereas my sister prefers working with a group
8. Many students are dropping out of school. The school conditions have improved a lot. (although )
Many students are dropping out of school although the school conditions have improved a lot
9. Malaysia exports high technology. It invests in tourism as well. ( in addition)
Malaysia exports high technology. In addition, It invests in tourism as well
10. Randa went to work this morning. The doctor advised her to stay in bed. ( although)
Randa went to work this morning although the doctor advised her to stay in bed
11.  The students planted many trees. They cleaned all the classrooms too. ( Not only … but also)
the students not only planted many trees but also they  cleaned all the classrooms too
12. Our local association is very active. Our neighbourhood is clean and safe. ( because)
Our neighbourhood is clean and safe because O*our local association is very active
13.  Rachid got a loan from the bank. He wanted to buy an apartment. (in order to)
Rachid got a loan from the bank in order to buy an apartment
14.  The meeting was cancelled. The manager was sick. (because of)
The meeting was cancelled of the manager’s sickness
15. The show was postponed. There were some technical problems ( due to )
The show was postponed due to some technical problems
16. Morocco has set up a large solar plant. Morocco wants to produce clean energy. ( in order to)
Morocco has set up a large solar plant in order to produce clean energy

B- Rewrite the following sentences as indicated:

1- John worked hard. He wanted to get his degree with honous.
In order  to get his degree with honours John worked hard.

2-Taha Hussein was blind. Yet, he wrote a lot of books.

Although Taha Hussein was blind, he wrote a lot of books.

3-Malala won the Nobel Peace Prize in spite of her young age.
Although she was young, Malala won the Nobel Peace Prize

4-Despite being an expert, Jim couldn’t recover his files from his hard disk.
Although Jim is expert he couldn’t recover his files from his hard disk

1. Fred likes helping his friends. So does Linda.

(both...and)
2. Harry used to date Ann. Or was it Helen?
(either...or)
3. We should learn to accept our weaknesses and our strengths.
(not only...but also)
4. He never listens to orаadvises his friends when they have a problem.
(neither...nor)
5. I've betrayedаyour trust. I've betrayedаyour love for me.
(not only...but also)
6. He felt disappointed. He felt misunderstood.
(both...and)
7. Brian isn'tаvery considerate. Neither is Tom.
(neither...nor)
8. A true friend is someone who is caring and loving.
(both...and)
9. Rachel should apologise or leave.
(either...or)
10. Richard and John didn't keep her secret.
(neither...nor)

Fred likes helping his friends. So does Linda. (both…and)

_________________________________________________________

2. Harry used to date Ann. Or was it Helen? (either…or)

_________________________________________________________

3. We should learn to accept our weaknesses and our strengths. (not only…but also)

_________________________________________________________

4. He never listens to or advises his friends when they have a problem. (neither…nor)

_________________________________________________________

5. I’ve betrayed your trust. I’ve betrayed your love for me. (not only…but also)

He felt disappointed. He felt misunderstood. (both…and)

___________________________________________________________

7. Brian isn’t very considerate. Neither is Tom. (neither…nor)

___________________________________________________________

8. A true friend is someone who is caring and loving. (both…and)

___________________________________________________________

9. Rachel should apologize or leave. (either…or)

___________________________________________________________

10.Richard and John didn’t keep her secret. (neither…nor)

11.

‘both… and; not only…but also; either… or; neither… nor’.

 Who wrote you this love letter? – I’m not sure. I think it was _____ Michael _____ Paul.
 _____ Linda _____ Helen called to say sorry. I’m very sad and frustrated.
 _____ Ryan _____ Susie have disappointed me. They didn’t come to my birthday party.
 Paul has been neglecting us. He _____ calls _____ hangs out with us anymore.
 He hurt  _____ her feelings _____ her dignity. This is unforgivable.
 _____ loyalty _____ honesty are essential in a friendship.
 You should _____ disrespect _____ deceive your friends.
  I will take you _____ to the cinema _____ to the theatre. That’s a promise.

Either… or
 Neither… nor
 Both… and
 Neither… nor
 Not only… but also
 Both… and
 Neither… nor
 Either… or

1. He felt very upset. He felt very boring (not only ...

but also)
2. Benny isn't fond of rock music. Neither is Tom.
(neither ... nor)
3. A true friend is someone who is caring and loving
(both ... and ...)
4. Renata could join the class or leave. (either ... or)
5. Rudi and Ruben haven't got the ID for joining for joining the final
exam. (neither ... nor)
did Linda. (both
6. Harry completed his task on time. So did Linda (both... and)
it with Dewi?
7. Tomy used to hang out with Jeany. Or was it with(either ... or)
8. Bandung has become a smart city. Bandung has also become a clean city. (not only ...
but also)
9. Bedugul Lake and Batur Lake are located in Bali
(both ... and ...)
| 10. Susan hasn't completed her project. She also hasn't completed her homework. (not
only ... but also).

He felt not only upset but also boring

2. Neither benny nor tom isnt fond of rock music
3. A true friend is someone who is both caring and loving (masih ragu)
4. Renata could either join the class or leave
5. Neither rudi nor ruben havent got...
6.both harry and linda completed their task ontime
7.
8. Bandung has become not only a smart city but also a clean city
9. Both bedugul and batur lake are located in bali
10. Susan Not only hasnt completed her project but also hasnt completed her HW