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Markscheme: May 2016 Chemistry Higher Level Paper 2
Markscheme: May 2016 Chemistry Higher Level Paper 2
Markscheme
May 2016
Chemistry
Higher level
Paper 2
17 pages
–2– M16/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
Candidates are required to answer ALL questions. Maximum total = [95 marks].
1. Each row in the “Question” column relates to the smallest subpart of the question.
2. The maximum mark for each question subpart is indicated in the “Total” column.
3. Each marking point in the “Answers” column is shown by means of a tick () at the end of the marking point.
4. A question subpart may have more marking points than the total allows. This will be indicated by “max” written after the mark in the “Total” column.
The related rubric, if necessary, will be outlined in the “Notes” column.
5. An alternative word is indicated in the “Answers” column by a slash (/). Either word can be accepted.
6. An alternative answer is indicated in the “Answers” column by “OR”. Either answer can be accepted.
7. An alternative markscheme is indicated in the “Answers” column under heading ALTERNATIVE 1 etc. Either alternative can be accepted.
8. Words inside chevrons « » in the “Answers” column are not necessary to gain the mark.
10. The order of marking points does not have to be as in the “Answers” column, unless stated otherwise in the “Notes” column.
11. If the candidate’s answer has the same “meaning” or can be clearly interpreted as being of equivalent significance, detail and validity as that in the
“Answers” column then award the mark. Where this point is considered to be particularly relevant in a question it is emphasized by OWTTE (or words
to that effect) in the “Notes” column.
12. Remember that many candidates are writing in a second language. Effective communication is more important than grammatical accuracy.
13. Occasionally, a part of a question may require an answer that is required for subsequent marking points. If an error is made in the first marking point
then it should be penalized. However, if the incorrect answer is used correctly in subsequent marking points then follow through marks should be
awarded. When marking, indicate this by adding ECF (error carried forward) on the script.
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14. Do not penalize candidates for errors in units or significant figures, unless it is specifically referred to in the “Notes” column.
15. If a question specifically asks for the name of a substance, do not award a mark for a correct formula unless directed otherwise in the “Notes” column.
Similarly, if the formula is specifically asked for, do not award a mark for a correct name unless directed otherwise in the “Notes” column.
16. If a question asks for an equation for a reaction, a balanced symbol equation is usually expected. Do not award a mark for a word equation or an
unbalanced equation unless directed otherwise in the “Notes” column.
17. Ignore missing or incorrect state symbols in an equation unless directed otherwise in the “Notes” column.
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1. d i 750 × 1.00
temperature rise « = » = 3750 «°C/K» Do not accept −3750. 1
0.2000 × 1.00
(continued)
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1. d iv P4O10 (s) + 6H2O (l) → 4H3PO4 (aq) Accept P4O10 (s) + 2H2O (l) → 4HPO3 (aq)
(initial reaction)
Accept P2O5 (s) + 3H2O (l) → 2H3PO4 (aq)
Accept equations for P4O6/P2O3 if given in 1
d (iii).
Accept any ionized form of the acids as the
products.
1. d v phosphorus not commonly found in fuels Accept “phosphorus oxides are solids so are
OR not easily distributed in the atmosphere”.
no common pathways for phosphorus oxides to enter the air Accept “low levels of phosphorus oxide in the
1
OR air”.
amount of phosphorus-containing organic matter undergoing anaerobic Do not accept “H3PO4 is a weak acid”.
decomposition is small
1. d vi Pre-combustion:
remove sulfur/S/sulfur containing compounds
2
Post-combustion: Accept “lime injection fluidised bed
remove it/SO2 by neutralization/reaction with alkali/base combustion” for either, but not both.
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(continued)
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(continued)
– 10 – M16/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
1× 10−14 4
[H+ ] = = 3.67 × 10 −9
2.72 × 10−6
OR
pOH = 5.57
pH = −log [H+] = 8.44
– 11 – M16/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
(continued)
– 12 – M16/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
Energy Enthalpy of
reaction / ∆H
/ −664 «kJ»
Products
2
Progress of reaction
products lower than reactants AND enthalpy of reaction correctly marked
and labelled with name or value
Reactants
Energy
Catalysed
Products 1
Progress of reaction
(continued)
– 13 – M16/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
Ea Energy
second curve at a higher temperature is correctly drawn (maximum lower
and to right of original)
3. b iv greater proportion of molecules have E ≥ Ea or E > Ea
OR
greater area under curve to the right of the Ea Do not accept just particles have greater
kinetic energy.
2
greater frequency of collisions «between molecules»
OR
more collisions per unit time/second Do not accept just “more collisions”.
(continued)
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π-bond from N to N
one structure has second π-bond from N to N and the other has π-bond
from N to O Award [1 max] if candidate has identified
both/either structure having 2 σ-bonds and
delocalized π-bond/π-electrons 2 π-bonds.
3. c ii more than one possible position for a multiple/π-/pi- bond Accept “more than one possible Lewis
structure”.
Accept reference to delocalisation if M3 not 1
awarded in c (i).
Accept reference to fractional bond orders.
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(continued)
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4. e iii electron 5 is lost from the 3d orbital Award [1 max] (for M1/M2) (ECF) if candidate
OR recognises electrons 5 and 6 are from
electron 5 is lost from the valence shell different levels.
5. a i «structural/functional» isomer«s» 1
5. a ii Test: Accept other correct reagents, such as
«react with» bromine/Br2 «in the dark» manganate(VII) or iodine solutions, and
OR descriptions of the corresponding changes
«react with» bromine water/Br2 (aq) «in the dark» observed.
2
A: from yellow/orange/brown to colourless AND B: colour remains/slowly Accept “decolourized” for A and “not
decolourized decolourized/unchanged” for B.
Do not accept “clear/transparent” instead of
“colourless”.
5. b compound A would absorb at 1620–1680 «cm−1» Accept any value in range 1620 – 1680 cm−1. 1
5. c Signal 1/2 2/1 Accept 0.9 to 2.0 for the first signal as the
C=C affects the CH3 shift (actually 1.7).
Chemical shift / ppm 0.9 – 1.0 AND 4.5 – 6.0
Splitting pattern singlet AND singlet Accept “none/no splitting” for both splitting 2
patterns.