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Assignment No. 1 Human Resource Management: Name: Moosa Rizwan Roll No: 70071471 Section: C Instructor: Sir Aasim Gill
Assignment No. 1 Human Resource Management: Name: Moosa Rizwan Roll No: 70071471 Section: C Instructor: Sir Aasim Gill
1
Human Resource Management
Culture:
Culture may change in every country. Cultural diversity can be
analyzed in many ways. For instance, we can compare cultural
diversity within one country or company, or we can compare
cultures across units. That is, we can look inside a particular North
American firm and see employees who are Asian, black, Latino,
American Indian, white, and so forth. Clearly, these individuals have
different cultural backgrounds, frames of reference, traditions, and so
forth. Or we can look more globally and compare a typical American
firm with a typical Mexican, Italian, or Chinese firm and again see
significant differences in culture.
Language:
The importance of language differences cannot be overemphasized, as
there are almost 3,000 languages in the world. The diversity of
language among various foreign countries is a source of many
challenges for multinational companies. Although there is a tendency
of accepting the English language as a universal business language,
the companies are aware that it also provokes resistance by locals in
many of countries where they operate. Language differences cause
many problems for marketers in designing advertising campaigns and
product labels. Language problems become even more serious once
the people of a country speak several languages. For example, in
Canada, labels must be in both English and French. In India, there are
over 200 different dialects, and a similar situation exists in China.
Religion:
Religion is considered as “a socially shared set of beliefs, ideas, and
actions that relate to a reality that cannot be verified empirically yet
affects the course of natural and human events-a way of life woven
around people’s ultimate concerns”. The largest religion groupings in
the world are Christianity and Islam. Christianity numbers about 2.1
billion followers or approximately 33% of the world’s population. On
another hand, Islam is considered as the world’s second most
practiced religion with 1.3 billion followers or about 21% of the
world’s population.
In many countries around the world, religion plays a significant role
in people's life. Religion even determines the way people think of
work. Consequently, religion considerably effects on business activity
and corporate culture. Many companies adapt their working process
according to a predominant religion of a given country in terms of the
holidays, working hours, food habits, a way of dressing, etc.
Level of education:
Education significantly affects the lifestyle of a population of any
country in the world, the way of their thinking, their attitude toward
work, etc. The level of education varies among countries. However, in
many countries, the level of education has a tendency to increase.
Education level and level of literacy of population of a given country
are indicators of the quality of their potential workforce.
Countries with a well-educated population attract high-wage
industries. Every country that invests in education tends to create
high-wage industries that are known as “brain power” industries.
The level of education and the level of literacy of population in a
given country considerable determine the way of marketing research,
packaging and advertising conducted by multinational companies.
Values:
An individual’s values arise from his/her moral or religious beliefs
and are learned through experiences. For example, in America, we
place a very high value on material well-being and are much more
likely to purchase status symbols than people in India. Similarly, in
India, the Hindu religion forbids the consumption of beef, and fast-
food restaurants such as McDonald’s and Burger King would
encounter tremendous difficulties without product modification.
Americans spend large amounts of money on soap, deodorant, and
mouthwash because of the value placed on personal cleanliness. In
Italy, salespeople call on women only if their husbands are at home.