Art App Module
Art App Module
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CC A ppreciation
MODULE 1
(Appreciating Movie)
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1
Appreciating Movie
This module consist a discussion to prove that movie is an art. Students will find
beauty of movie as combination of talent and other production elements which
include the use of technology to meet the quality of a good movie. To provide
students with a general perspective of art, making them see and appreciate the art
of movies and films. Understand the way that content, form, and contexts work
together to create meaning in film.
• Identify and critique certain cinematic conventions and techniques used by the
director in the creation of the film
Discussion:
M O V I E
Movie is a sequence projected on a screen from a developed and prepared film, especially
with an accompanying sound track.
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1. Preparation. The producer organizes finances and resources, the director, production
team, the artists are chosen, and sets are designed and constructed in the studio.
2. Shooting. The visual realization of the director’s ideas on film is in the hands of the
cameraman, who decides the character and distribution of lighting and select the
camera viewpoints and movement by the camera operator. A clapper-loader assistant
is responsible for the film magazines and shot identification.
4. Distribution. The general release to cinemas, with foreign version dubbed in other
languages, television broadcasts, and video cassette sale and hiring in the domestics
market.
Before 1907, most SOCIAL VALUES. Our rule as viewers is to find out the value
movies were shown in that the movie director wants to dramatize. Go over into it and
traditional theaters or in look at the reality of your own environs and compare it to that
carnivals. With the in the movie. Art is finest documentation of human experience.
advent of movie
theaters, the films
ELEMENTS OF FILM MAKING
became an attraction in
themselves.
1. THEME. The basic idea of the film.
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7. proper timing
8. expressiveness of eyes and mouth
Camera shots and angles. The camera shot will alter according to the context of
the shot, it is important to get this right as different types of shots can have
different meanings. When deciding the most appropriate camera shot it is crucial
to consider what else is happening before deciding what they want the shot to
mean and how they want the audience to feel. For example, the closer you are
to the character the more you feel emotional towards them regardless of it being
positive or negative.
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• Extreme wide shot: The view is so far
from the subject that the character isn’t
visible.
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• Over the shoulder shot: Looking from
behind a character at the subject, normally
to show the subject more clearly and to see
their reaction
Camera Movement. Cameras are rarely motionless and if they are it’s because
something in the frame was moving or the moment requires stillness to create
impact.
9. LIGHTING
1. Front Lighting
2. Back Lighting
3. Top Lighting
4. Side Lighting
5. Bottom Lighting
10. DIRECTION
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1. A good director must know a good story when he sees it
2. A good director must have an interest in the picture he is making
3. A good director must know what the camera can do
4. A good director must know the art of story-telling
5. A good director must be able to convey his ideas to the players
Assessment:
Identify what types of camera shot is being shown. Write your answer on the space
provided.
1. _________________________
2. _________________________
3. _________________________
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4. _________________________
5. _________________________
Output:
MOVIE REVIEW
Your rating
Setting: ______________________________________________________________
Summary of Movie:
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A ppreciation
MODULE 2
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Appreciating Sculpture and Architecture
• Explained the basic differences between the Greek and Roman Architecture
Discussion:
ARCHITECTURE
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• As a science, architecture has to be able to withstand weather and
stress.
THREE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
– Supporting skeleton
– Outer skin
– Operating equipment
Doric Columns
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The Doric order is the earliest of the three Classical
orders of architecture and represents an important
moment in Mediterranean architecture when
monumental construction made the transition
from impermanent materials—like wood—to
permanent materials, namely stone. The Doric
order is characterized by a plain, unadorned
column capital and a column that rests directly on
the stylobate of the temple without a base. The
Doric entablature includes a frieze composed of
trigylphs—vertical plaques with three divisions—and metopes—square spaces for either
painted or sculpted decoration. The columns are fluted and are of sturdy, if not stocky,
proportions.
The Doric order emerged on the Greek mainland during the course of the late
seventh century BCE and remained the predominant order for Greek temple
construction through the early fifth century BCE, although notable buildings built later
in the Classical period—especially the canonical Parthenon in Athens—still employed it.
By 575 BCE, the order may be properly identified, with some of the earliest surviving
elements being the metope plaques from the Temple of Apollo at Thermon. Other early,
but fragmentary, examples include the sanctuary of Hera at Argos, votive capitals from
the island of Aegina, as well as early Doric capitals that were a part of the Temple of
Athena Pronaia at Delphi in central Greece. The Doric order finds perhaps its fullest
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expression in the Parthenon, c. 447-432 BCE., at Athens designed by Iktinos and
Kallikrates.
Ionic Columns
The Ionic order derived its name from a coastal region of central
Turkey called Ionia where many ancient Greek settlements were
located. The capital on Ionic columns have scroll-like decorations
called volutes. The Ionic shafts appear leaner than their Doric
counterparts because they are taller. Ionic columns also have lines
called flutes, which are carved into the columns from top to bottom.
Thanks to a special bulge in the shafts called entasis, Ionic columns
appear to be straight even though they aren’t. Ionic columns do have
bases, which are large and look like a set of rings stacked on top of
each other. Graceful proportions that boast an elegant profile
characterize the Ionic order. To see the Ionic columns in action, look
no further than the Temple of Athena Nike in Athens.
Ionic capital, north porch of the Erechtheion, 421-407 BCE, marble, Acropolis, Athens
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As its names suggests, the Ionic order originated in Ionia, a coastal region of
central Anatolia—today Turkey—where a number of ancient Greek settlements were
located. Volutes, scroll-like ornaments, characterize the Ionic capital, and a base
supports the column, unlike the Doric order. The Ionic order developed in Ionia during
the mid-sixth century BCE and had been transmitted to mainland Greece by the fifth
century BCE. Among the earliest examples of the Ionic capital is the inscribed votive
column from Naxos, dating to the end of the seventh century BCE.
Corinthian Columns
The third and most decorative of the Classical Orders is the Corinthian. Using
capitals adorned with flowers and leaves below a scroll, Corinthian columns are highly
elaborate. Like the Ionic, Corinthian columns use entasis to make the shafts appear
straighter than they are. The flute and base on the Corinthian are also like the Ionian,
but the flat roof sets it apart from both the Ionian and Doric designs. The Romans
favored the Corinthian order more than the Greeks. Modern examples of elaborate
Corinthian columns are at the U.S. Capitol building and the Supreme Court building.
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The Corinthian order is both the latest and
the most elaborate of the Classical orders
of architecture. This order was employed in
both Greek and Roman architecture with
minor variations and gave rise, in turn, to
the Composite order. As the name
suggests, the origins of the order were
connected in antiquity with the Greek city-
state of Corinth, where, according to the
architectural writer Vitruvius, the sculptor
Callimachus drew a set of acanthus leaves
surrounding a votive basket (Vitr. 4.1.9-
10). In archaeological terms, the earliest
known Corinthian capital comes from the
Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae and
dates to c. 427 BCE.
Corinthian Capital
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Difference Between Greek and Roman Architecture
Difference between Greek and Roman architecture may seem not
to exist for some because they look so much alike. However, that does not mean
there is no difference at all between the two styles. The simple explanation for such
a lot of common appearance is this. Greek architects with its civilization came into
being before Roman civilization. Therefore, the Roman civilization borrowed aspects
from Greek architecture when their time came. Nevertheless, there is a unique style
for Roman architecture as well.
The focus of architecture by the Greek Civilization had almost died since the end
of Mycenaean period around the time of 1200 BC till 700 BC. This was a time when the
life and prosperity of Plebeians had reached a point of recovery where buildings of public
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could be undertaken. However, most of the buildings during the time period of 8th
Century BC to 6th Century BC consisted chiefly of wood or clay or mud-bricks. Out of
those buildings, there are only a few remains left which have some plans. Also, there are
no sources in writing available about the early architecture.
The Parthenon
Ancient Rome did not have its own architecture much. Most of the architectures
that were seen in the Roman civilization have got traces of the Greek Architecture. Most
of the Roman architectures have adopted the architecture of Greek for their own
purposes through which they have created an architectural style that is unique. The
Roman architecture has been largely influenced by the Greek architecture. An example
of this can be seen by the use and introduction of Triclinium as a place of dining, which
was not seen in early buildings of Rome. Similar to this, the Romans took the help from
Etruscan civilization from where they obtained a large amount of knowledge, which
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helped them in the buildings
they prepared in the future.
Uses of such obtained
knowledge are evident from
the construction of arches as
well as the use of hydraulics.
During the reign of Pax
Romana, the architecture
flourished.
The Colosseum
Greek and Roman architecture, though derived from the same source, have still
got a few differences.
• Greek architecture mainly consists of three different styles which are Doric, Ionic, and
Corinthian.
• The Roman Empire, on the other hand, consists of different types of basilicas and
temples and other buildings such as bridges, etc. that are utilitarian and prove
significance in the unification of the people of the empire. With the construction of roads
and bridges, the communication between people was enhanced across the large empire.
• Roman architecture has been derived from Greek architecture, but it has been edited
with their ideas from their culture which distinguish it from Greek architecture.
• Roman architecture includes factors in their buildings which display the power they
possess. Also, their architecture serves the purpose of bringing people together, which
is displayed by their buildings. Greek buildings were designed due to one or the other
political purposes. Most of the times these political purposes were things such as the
celebration of civic power and pride, or they were made to offer thanksgiving to city’s
management on their success in war.
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SCULPTURE
The most enduring and, arguably, the greatest form of fine art known to man,
sculpture has played a major role in the evolution of Western culture. Its history and
stylistic development are those of Western art itself. It is a key indicator of the cultural
achievements of Classical Antiquity, and became an important influence on the
development of Renaissance art in Italy. Together with architecture, it was the principal
form of monumental religious art which for centuries (c.400-1800) was the driving force
of European civilization. Even today, although continuously evolving, sculpture is still the
leading method of expressing and commemorating both historical figures and events.
During its history, it has attracted some of the world's greatest artists, including
classical sculptors like Phidias, Myron of Eleutherae, Polyklitos, Skopas, Lysippos,
Praxiteles and Leochares, as well as Donatello (1386-1466), Michelangelo (1475-
1654), Giambologna (1529-1608), the great Bernini (1598-1680), Auguste Rodin
(1840-1917), Henry Moore (1898-1986), Picasso (1881-1973), Constantin
Brancusi (1876-1957), and Damien Hirst (b.1965).
Orientation
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sculpture), contrapposto - the dynamic pose in which one part of the body twists or
turns away from another part, exemplified in works by Michelangelo (1475-1564) and
Giambologna (1529-1608) - and the chiastic stance (the pose in which the weight of
the body rests mainly on one leg, a typical characteristic of Greek figurative sculpture of
the High Classical period).
Proportion
Scale
This refers, for example, to the need to create a sculpture in tune with the scale
of its surroundings. Walk around any major Gothic cathedral and observe the great
variety in the scale of the sculptures which decorate the doorways, facades and other
surfaces. In addition, certain groups of figures, illustrating Biblical scenes, may contain
several different scales: the Virgin Mary and Jesus may be similar in size, while (eg) the
Apostles may be smaller.
Articulation
This describes how sculptural figures (and other forms) are jointed:, either how
the differing parts of a body merge in a single form, or how separate sections come
together. The realist French sculptor Auguste Rodin (1840-1917) created impressionist-
style continuity in his figures, in contrast to the earlier Greek classical sculptors (eg.
Polyklitus) and Renaissance sculptors who preferred distinct units of delinated form.
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Balance
Types of Sculpture
• Stone Sculpture
Stone sculpture, probably the earliest form of monumental sculpture as well as the best
medium for monumental works, was common to many eras of the Paleolithic Stone Age.
Prototype works of prehistoric stone sculpture include the basaltic figurine known as The
Venus of Berekhat Ram (c.230,000 BCE or earlier) and quartzite figurine known as The
Venus of Tan-Tan (c.200,000 BCE or earlier). Since then, probably the largest body of
stone sculpture was the series of column statues and reliefs produced for the great
European Gothic cathedrals of Chartres, Notre Dame de Paris, Amiens, Reims, Cologne,
among many others, during the period 1150-1300.
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Venus of Berekhat
Ram
Jade Sculpture
The best-known form of hardstone sculpture, jade carving has been a specialty of
Chinese master craftsmen ever since Neolithic times. Nephrite and Jadeite are the two
most common types of jade stone, although bowenite (a form of serpentine) is also used.
The Chinese attribute important qualities to jade, including purity, beauty, longevity,
even immortality, and sculptors value jade stones for their lustre, translucent colours
and shades.
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The Nephrite Jade Road
Wood Sculpture
Wood carving is the oldest and most continuous type of sculpture. Especially
convenient for small works, wood carving was widely practised during the Prehistoric
age, and later during the era of Early Christian sculpture - see, for instance, the gilded
oak carving known as the Gero Cross (965-70, Cologne Cathedral) - and had its Golden
Age in the West, especially in Germany, during the era of late Medieval art: witness the
exquisite religious limewood carvings of the German wood-carvers Veit Stoss (1445-
1533) and Tilman Riemenschneider (1460-1531). Later, in the Baroque era, wood was
often coated in plaster stucco and painted, in the manner of ancient Egyptian art. Great
modern wood-sculptors include Henry Moore (1898-1986) known for his
elmwood Reclining Figure (1936), and Barbara Hepworth (1903-75)
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Elmwood Reclining Figure (1936)
Bronze Sculpture
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Gates of Paradise, by Lorenzo Ghiberti
Clay Sculpture
Sculpting in clay dates from the Paleolithic era of the Stone Age. Known (when fired)
as terracotta sculpture, it is the most plastic of all sculpting methods, versatile, light,
inexpensive and durable. Although clay mainly used for preliminary models, later cast in
bronze or carved in stone, it has also been used to produce full-scale sculpture. The
earliest known clay sculpture is the Venus of Dolni Vestonice (c.26,000 - 24,000 BCE), a
ceramic figurine dating to the Gravettian Period, discovered in the Czech Republic.
Another Paleolithic masterpiece is the Tuc d'Audoubert Bison of the Magdalenian period
(c.13,500 BCE), an unfired relief of two bison, found in the Tuc d'Audoubert Cave, Ariege,
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France. A third prehistoric masterpiece is the Thinker of Cernavoda (c.5,000 BCE), the
iconic terracotta figurine created during the mesolithic Hamangia Culture in Romania.
Terracotta Warriors
However, the most famous example of clay sculpture must be the Chinese Qin Dynasty
Terracotta Army (the 'Terracotta Warriors'), a collection of 8,000 clay warriors and
horses unearthed in 1974 in Shaanxi province, China. Dating to 246-208 BCE, each of
the 8,000 clay soldiers is unique, with a different facial expression and hairstyle.
Assessment:
Identify what is being asked in the following items. Write your answer on the space
provided.
1. It is the dynamic pose in which one part of the body twists or turns
away from another part, exemplified in works by Michelangelo (1475-1564) and
Giambologna (1529-1608).
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2. This order is both the latest and the most elaborate of the Classical
orders of architecture.
5. From what coastal region of central Turkey does the Ionic order
derived its name?
6. This describes how sculptural figures are jointed, either how the
differing parts of a body merge in a single form, or how separate sections come together.
8. These columns have bases, which are large and look like a set
of rings stacked on top of each other. Graceful proportions that boast an elegant profile
characterize this order.
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Output:
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__________________________________________________________________.
References:
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