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Answer Key Grade 8
Answer Key Grade 8
CONTENT STANDARDS: The learner demonstrates understanding of: South and West
Asian literature as an expression of philosophical and religious beliefs; information flow
in various text types; reality, fantasy, and opinion in listening and viewing materials;
word decoding strategies; and use of information sources, active/passive constructions,
direct/reported speech, perfect tenses, and logical connectors in journalistic writing.
● general to particular
● problem-solution
INTRODUCTION
Patterns of organization can help your readers follow the ideas within
your essay and your paragraphs, but they can also work as methods of
development to help you recognize and further develop ideas and
relationships in your writing.
Coherence in text
In a coherent text, there are logical links between the words, sentences,
and paragraphs of the text.
1. Continuation Signal
a warning that there are more ideas to come.
Word examples:
A final reason Further One reason
Again Furthermore Other
Also In addition Secondly
And Last of all Similarly
And finally Likewise Then
Another More Too
Besides Moreover With
Equally important Next
First of all Of equal importance
3.Sequence Signals
there is an order to these ideas.
Word examples:
A, B, C For one thing Later
After From here on Next
Always Gradually Now
As soon as Hence On time
Before In the end Since
During In the first place Then
Earlier Into (far into the To begin with
Finally night) Until
First, second, third Last While
Last of all
4. Illustration Signals
here’s what that principle means in reality.
Word examples:
Another In the same way as Such as
For example Just as important To be specific
For instance Moreover To begin with
For this purpose Most important To illustrate
For this reason Much like To this end
For these reasons Similar to With this in mind
Furthermore Similarly
In addition Specifically
5. Emphasis Signals
This is important.
Word examples:
A central issue By the way Of course
A distinctive quality Especially important Pay particular
A key feature Especially relevant attention to
A major development Especially valuable Remember that
A major event First and foremost Should be noted
A primary concern Important to note The basic concept
A significant factor Importantly The chief outcome
A vital force In fact The crux of the
Above all Indeed matter
Again It all boils down to The main value
As a matter of fact More than anything The most substantial
As has been noted else issue
As I have said Most noteworthy The principle item
Most of all To be sure
7.Spatial Signals
this answers the “where” question
Word examples:
About Beside In front of
Above Between Inside
Across Beyond Into
Adjacent By Left
Alongside Close to Middle
Around East Near
Away Far Next to
Behind Here North
Below In On
8.Comparison-Contrast Signals
we will now compare idea A with idea B
Word examples:
Actually Half On the contrary
Also However On the other hand
Although In contrast Opposite
Analogous to In spite Or
And Instead of Rather
And yet In the same (like) Same as
As opposed to manner or way Similar to
As well as Ironically Similarly
Best Less Still
Better Less than Strangely enough
But Like More than Then
Compared with Most Much as Thought
Conversely Nevertheless Too
Different from Nonetheless Unless
Either…or Now While
Even Of course Yet
For all that Of this
9. Fuzz Signals
Idea is not exact, or author is not positive and wishes to qualify a statement
. Looks like Reputed
Word examples: Maybe Seems like
Alleged Might Should
Almost Nearly Some
Could Probably Sort of
Except Purported Was reported
If
How did it feel to read the above list? A bit confusing, I would guess. That’s because
the steps for making a pie were not well organized, and the steps don’t include
enough detail for us to know exactly what we should do. (Like what are the dry and
liquid ingredients?) We all know that starting instructions from the beginning and
giving each detailed step in the order it should happen is vital to having a good
outcome, in this case a yummy pie! But it’s not always so simple to know how to
organize or develop ideas, and sometimes there’s more than one way, which
complicates things even further.
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/
The first triangle represents starting with the most general, big picture information
first, moving then to more detailed and often more personal information later in the
paper. The second triangle represents an organizational structure that starts with
the specific, small scale information first and then moves to the more global, big
picture stuff.
1. General to Specific
2. Specific to General
What’s the difference between these two introductions? And how might they appeal
to the intended audience for this essay (manila voters) in different ways?
The first introduction is looking at the big picture of the problem and mentions
pollution’s impact on all citizens in Manila, while the second introduction focuses on
one specific family.
The first helps readers see how vast the problem really is, and the second helps
connect readers to a real family, making an emotional appeal from the very
beginning. Neither introduction is necessarily better. You’ll choose one over the
other based on the kind of tone you’d like to create and how you’d like to affect your
audience. It’s completely up to you to make this decision.
Does the Triangle Mean the Essay Keeps Getting More Specific or
Broader until the Very End?
For example, it’s possible that each of your paragraphs will be its own
triangle, starting with the general or specific and moving out or in. However, if you
begin very broadly, it might be effective to end your essay in a more specific,
personal way. And if you begin with a personal story, consider ending your essay by
touching on the global impact and importance of your topic.
Yes! Rather than thinking about which of your ideas are most specific or personal or
which are more broad or universal, you might consider one of the following ways of
organizing your ideas:
The section on Methods of Development, below, offers more detail about some of
these organizational patterns, along with some others.
Checkpoint 2: ESSAY
Checkpoint 2: Rubric for ESSAYS
8-10 Main Ideas are clear, Answer is appropriate to the question and the sentences are well
constructed and organized.
4-7 Main ideas are clear but are not well supported, answer is appropriate to the question but the
Content have one or two factual errors and most sentences are well constructed and organized.
2-3 The ideas are somewhat clear, answer is somewhat appropriate to the question and sentences
are somewhat organized.
1 The main ideas are not clear, content is unrelated to the question and sentences are not clear and
organized
Choose one of the following topics, and practice writing a few opening
sentences like we did above, once using the general-to-specific format and
once using the specific-to-general. Which do you like better? What audience
would be attracted to which one? How would you rewrite their sentences?
Why?
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SG 3. This pattern usually means the first part of the essay looks at the context of
the research, and introduces important ideas or talks about the background of key
elements of the research.
GS 4. This pattern is probably one of the more common patterns in college writing.
GS 5. this pattern is characterized by a movement in your thinking from a
generalization to specific details.
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Reference/s
Retrieved at…
https://aso-resources.une.edu.au/academic-writing/grammar/grammar/
https://quizlet.com/113820957/grammatical-signals-examples-flash-cards/#
https://www.cpp.edu/ramp/program-materials/recognizing-transitions.shtml
https://www.umgc.edu/current-students/learning-resources/writing-
center/online-guide-to-writing/tutorial/chapter3/ch3-10.html
Retrieved on: March 17,2021