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Module 1 Lesson 1&2
Module 1 Lesson 1&2
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
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What I Need to Know
This module was written for Understanding Culture, Society and Politics, a core
subjects in Senior High School under the K-12 Curriculum. This course uses
insights from Anthropology, Political Science, and Sociology to develop students’
awareness of cultural, social and political dynamics and sensitivity to cultural
diversity.
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What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Distinctive characteristic that defines an individual or is shared by those
belonging to a particular group.
a. Culture b. Identity c. Society d. Politics
2. It is a way of life.
a. Culture b. Identity c. Society d. Politics
3. Refers to a group of people living in a community.
a. Culture b. Identity c. Society d. Politics
4. Associated with how power is gained and employed to develop authority and
influence on social affairs
b. Culture b. Identity c. Society d. Politics
5. What is the benefit of having knowledge on the study of culture, society, and
politics?
a. To prepare people for active and responsible civic engagement.
b. To make people ethnocentric.
c. To change the way people view the world.
d. To provide people avenues for self-expression
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1 of Culture, Society and Politics
What’s In
Welcome to the study of culture, society, and politics, As you move forward
in the discussions, you will begin to understand that your daily experiences are
connected with the realities and phenomena that define our society;
The events that have defined your lives up to the presents are a product of
the processes and interactions within our society. Social , cultural, and political
issues go beyond to its concept. As you learn the concepts, theories, and views that
shaped and fined how we view and examine the various aspects of Philippines
culture, society, and politics, you will realize that these topics have been closely
intertwined with our experiences
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What’s New
Sparkplug!
Have you ever wondered why some people are different from you and from
another? How will you describe your social background and identities?
ACTIVITY 1 WHO AM I?
Directions: Introduce yourself to your seatmate by telling him or her at least five of
your identities. Thinks of the first five things that come to mind when describing
yourself. You can start by thinking of your identity within your family (daughter or
son etc.), grade level, clubs or organization, religion, gender, and socio-economic
status. List them below.
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
5. ____________________________________
What is It
Identity
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What’s More
The concept of identity is related to social, cultural and political change. For
instance, when Filipinos first held the election in the 1900’s , only Filipino males
could vote and participate in politics. However, when women become more
educated either here in the Philippines or abroad anywhere enlightened about their
rights, particularly the right to vote.
Culture defined as a society’s way of life, provides the basis for forging
identities. It allows people to understand themselves in relation to others and
provides them a lens through they base what is considered the “right and wrong
way of doing things”. The term “society refers to a group of people living in a
community. According to MacIver and page “it is a web of social relationship, which
is always changing”. Politics is associated with how power is gained and employed
to develop authority and influence on social affairs. It can also be used to
promulgate guiding rules to govern the state. It is also a
tactic for upholding collaboration among members of a community, whether from
civil or political organizations.
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Activity 2 Change is Coming!
Directions: Given the cultural elements, cite an example of cultural, social and
political changes in relation to the concept of identity. Your answers can be social
change only or it may vary in other two aspects.t The first one was given as an
example.
3. Food
4. Holidays
5. Religion
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Activity 3
Directions: Cut a picture of public transportation means in Philippine
society across different eras depict the technological advancement, cultural, social
and political change in every society. Write a short explanation on each picture.
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Key Concept Intersection of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political
Science
Branches of Anthropology
■ Cultural Anthropology. It deals with the study of the differences and
similarities of various cultures and how they correlate to each other. Study
of human culture
■ Biological Anthropology. It concerned the origin, evolution, and diversity of
people.
ancestry, development, genetic and other characteristics of human species
■ Archaeology. It refers to the scientific study of humans, their history and
culture, through examination of the artifacts, remains or left behind
Anthropological linguistics. It examines human languages
Sociology emerged with the two of the most significant social and political
revolution in the history. The French Revolution of 1789, along with the Industrial
Revolution in England during the 18th century, tremendously changed people’s
lives.
Early Thinkers
Comte suggested that there were three stages in the development of societies,
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namely the theological stage, the metaphysical stage, and the positive stage.
Emile Durkheim (1864-1920) a French sociologist who put forward the idea
that individuals are more products rather than the creator of society; the society
itself is external to the individual. In his book Suicide, Durkheim proved that social
forces strongly impact on people’s lives and that seemingly personal event is not
personal after all.
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Baron de Montesquieu, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Kars Marx are influential
in the field of political science.
ACTIVITY 4. Complete Me!
Directions: Complete the graphic organizer by writing the required information in
the space provided.
Sociology
Political Science
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Directions: Starting with your present situation as a student, list
down 5 important factors that you think are responsible for the
kind of person you are right now. Start with what is unique in you
as a social person (not necessarily focusing on your biophysical
traits). Link each feature with societal, cultural, or political force.
Then evaluate each in terms of opportunities and constraints it
provides in pursuing your present and future plans. Use the table
below as a template for your assessment.
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1. Identity is the distinctive characteristic that defines an individual or is
shared by those belonging to a particular group.
2. Identities are not fixed. Identity can also change over the course of person’s
lifetime. It continuously shaped and reshaped through the passage of time
as well as the context of one’s life cycle, including his or her activities within
the society and the interaction with other people.
3. The concept of identity is related to social, cultural and political change.
4. Rapidly advancing technology also has profound implications for
sociocultural and political change. Because people knew more about what
is happening elsewhere in the world, trends in clothing, hairstyle and food
choices among others have also been transformed.
5. Culture defined as a society’s way of life, provides the basis for forging
identities The term
6. Society refers to a group of people living in a community.
7. Politics is associated with how power is gained and employed to develop
authority and
influence on social affairs. It can also be used to promulgate guiding rules
to govern the state.
8. Anthropology is the study of humans, past and present. To understand the
full sweep and complexity of cultures across all of human history,
anthropology draws and builds upon knowledge from the social and
biological sciences as well as the humanities and physical
sciences.
9. Sociology is the systematic study of social life., groups, and society. It is an
important academic discipline because it attempts to provide a deeper
assessment of both individual and group behavior and social phenomena by
considering the influences of economic, political and social factors.
10.Political Science is the art of politics and governance (according to Aristotle
it is the study of state including its form of government, political system,
political behavior and political ideology.
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What I Can Do
Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.
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a. Sociology b. Anthropology c. Political Science d. Culture
9. An art of politics and governance (according to Aristotle it is the study of
state including its form of government, political system, political behavior
and political ideology
a. Sociology b. Anthropology c. Political Science d. Culture
10.As students, what can you do to help preserve our culture and
traditions?
a. I will copy the culture of other countries that I see on TV, especially those
portrayed in my favorite shows.
b. I will continue to learn more about our culture and continue to practice it
and influence others to do the same.
c. I will just continue using the internet; culture does not matter to me
because we live in the modern times now.
d. I can’t do anything because I’m still too young.
Additional Activities
Write an essay discussing how social, cultural and political change had
an impact on your identity as an individual and a member of the society.
nthro
polog
A
2 Concepts of Culture,
Society and Politics
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essen
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closer look at society and culture. Understanding how individuals’
behave, interact and develop within societies can enlightened us
on the factors, forces and process that encourage and hinder the
progress of societies and culture in today’s world.
What’s In
What’s New
What is It
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Changed and developed Overtime
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Elements of Culture
Categories of Culture
Aspects of Culture
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Dynamic, flexible and adaptive to the realities of the present
context. Context refers to particular circumstances of a certain
culture and is defined by location, weather, time period, and other
factors .
Shared and contested
Learned through socialization or enculturation. Socialization
refers to the life long process of forging identity through social
interaction. Enculturation refers to the process by which an
individual learns or acquires the important aspects of his or her
society’s culture.
Patterned social interactions
Integrated and at times unstable
Transmitted through socialization
Requires language and other forms of communication
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beliefs and engage in similar types of work.
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1. Ethnocentrism- It is a perception that arises from the fact
that cultures, differ and each culture defines reality differently.
Judging another culture solely by the values and standards of
one’s own culture.
What’s More
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Direction: Identify what is being asked.
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then come up with a plan of action on how to deal with these
threats. Write your output on the table.
Non-material
Culture
Xenocentrism
Cultural Relativism
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Multiculturalism
Cultural Sensitivity
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symbolic interactionist perspective, functionalist
perspective and the conflict perspectives.
10. Ethnocentric and xenocentric view which believe
in the notion that a culture maybe superiors or
inferior to other cultures.
What I Can Do
Directions: Complete the unfinished sentences to
summarize the lesson.
1. The lesson was about……
2. One key idea was…..
3. This is important because…..
4. This matters because…..
Assessment
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___________9. Story of Malakas at Maganda is an example of
mores.
___________10. Values is a set of symbols that enables members of
the society to communicate verbally and non-verbally
Additional Activities
Observation Exercise
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Answer Key : Lesson 1
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Answer Key : Lesson 2
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References
Anne Lan Candelaria, Jose Jowel Canuday, Czarina Saloma, Nico N Aquino, Kalena Lorene Asis, Evelyn
V. Avila, Elisa Bustamante. (2016). Understanding Culture, Society and Politics. Pasig:
Department of Education.
Deaprtment of Education. (2016, July). Learning Resource Portal. Retrieved May 2, 2020, from
LRMDS DepEd: https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/
Maria Ela Atienza, Ph.D, Ruth Lusterio-Rico, Ph.D, Aries Arugay, Ph.D, Jean Encinas Franco,Ph D,
Dennis Quilala. (2016). Understanding Culture , Society and Politics. Quezon City: C &E
Punlishing Inc.
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