Occupational Disease 151016142735 Lva1 App6892
Occupational Disease 151016142735 Lva1 App6892
BY
Mr. K. PrEM BELWIN
M.sc (N),Ma(socIo),PgdhM, Pgdca
LEcTUrEr
cET coN
Definition
Occupational diseases
are diseases caused by work or work
environment
Work-related diseases
are diseases initiated, hampered or easy to
get by work
Occupational disease occur among workers
exposed to specific hazards
In some situations may also occur among
the general community as a consequence
of contamination of the environment from
the workplace.
e.g lead, pesticides
Occupational Disease occur as a result of
exposure to physical, chemical, biological
or psychosocial factors in the workplace.
Screening Approach :
1. History : questionnaire
2. Physical Examination
3. Tests :
1. Chest x-ray
2. Pulmonary Function Test
3. Biologic monitoring
4. Audiometry
Occupational diseases
ASBESTOSIS
Chronic inflammatory and fibrotic medical condition
Affecting parenchyma tissue of the lungs.
Causes
Chronic Inhalaion of asbestos
Clinical manifestations
Dyspnea
Reduction in lung volume
Hypoxia
lung cancer
respiratory failure
DIAGNOSIS
History
Physical examination
X ray
CT
Lung biopsy
TREATMENT
Broncho dilators
Oxygen therapy
Respiratory physiotherapy
Postural drainage
Nebulization
PNEUMOCONIOSES
DEFINITION
IT IS A OCCUPATIONAL LUNG
DISEASE CAUSED BY INHALATION
OF DUST.
TYPES
COAL WORKER PNEUMOCONIOSES
ASBESTOSIS
SILICOSIS-MINERS PHTHISIS,GRINDERS
ASTHMA,POTTERS ROT. CAUSED BY CRYSTALLINE
SILICA DUST.
BAUXITE FIBROSIS-IT IS A FORM OF
PNEUMOCONIOSES CAUSED BY BAUXITE
BERYLLIOSIS-BERYLLIUM
SIDEROSIS-IRON
BYSSINOSIS -COTTON
DIAGNOSIS
HC
PE
X-RAY
CT
LUNG BIOPSY
MANAGEMENT
Broncho dilators
Oxygen therapy
Respiratory physiotherapy
Postural drainage
Nebulization
Occupational Disease in
Developing Countries
Asbestos is the major cause of disability
and ill health
Pesticide :
– The majority of workers in developing
countries are in agriculture
– Pesticide are often applied by hand, or without
proper protection of workers who use spray
equipment
Occupational Dermatoses
The most common occupational diseases
Are almost always preventable by a
combination environmental, personaland
medical measures
Type of occupational
dermatoses
Acute contact eczema
Chronic contact eczema
Chloracne
Photosensitization
Hypo/hyperpigmentation
Keratoses
Benign tumors and epitheliomas
Ulcerss
Occupational cancer
The cause of cancer is still not completely
understood
Epidemiological studies has been
associated with certain exposures
Preventing Occupational Disease
1. Measures Applied to the Process or Workplace
a. Substitution of a Non hazardous Substance for
Hazardous One
b. Installation of Engineering Controls and Devices
c. Job Redesign,Work Organization Changes and
Work Practice Alternatives
2. Measures Primarily Directed Toward Worker
a. Education and Advice
b. Personal Protective Equipment
c. Organizational Measures
To prevent occupational disease
effectively, health professionals must
know how to anticipate and recognize
conditions in those who present with
symptoms and those who are
presymptomatic
The three levels of prevention
Primary Is designed to deter or avoid the
Prevention occurrence of disease or injury
Secondary Is designed to identify and adequately
Prevention treat a disease or injury process as
soon as possible, often before any
symptoms have developed