Rotational Molding OF Polylactide - Pla: Marek Szostak

ROTATIONAL MOLDING
OF
POLYLACTIDE - PLA
Marek Szostak
ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014,

MIERZĘCIN
TESTED MATERIALS
1. POLYLACTIDE TOTAL RM TOTAL
2. POLYLACTIDE 3001D NATURE WORKS LC
Properties Value ASTM

Standard
Physical
Density [g/cm3] 1,26 D792
MFR [g/10min] (210°C, 2,16 kg) 6 D1238
Color white
Mechanical
Strength at elasticity point [MPa] 20 D638
Elongation at break [%] 120 D638
Impact strength Izod method [J/m] 12 D256
Bending modulus [MPa] 80 D790
Tensile modulus [MPa] 800 D790
Vicat temperature [°C] 52 E2092
MACHINE AND MOULD USED FOR TESTING
ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTATIONAL MOULDING OF PLA - TOTAL RM
MATERIAL PREPARATION
1) WEIGHING
2) DRYING: 65°C / 2h
Weight of product Weight of product

Cast no. Cast no.
[g] [g]
1 145 3 152
2 100 4 156









TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Time Temperature
Stage of process
[min] [°C]
heating *) 20 200*)
first cooling 2 140**)
CAST No 1
heating – stage 2 5 160
second cooling 20 50**)
demolding
Time Temperature
Stage of process
[min] [°C]
Heating 15 260*)
CASTS No 2 - 4 First cooling 5 150*)
Heating – stage 2 5 170
Second cooling 30 35**)
demolding
*) temperaturę of heating chamber
**) temperaturę on mould surface measured by Fluke 561pirometers

SAMPLE CAST

ROTATIONAL MOULDING OF PLA - 3001D
Nature Works
MATERIAL PREPARATION
1) WEIGHING
2) DRYING: 80°C / 1h
Weight of product
Cast no.
[g]
5 105
6 111
7 109

Nature Works

Nature Works
Technological parameters Cast no. 5 Cast no. 6 Cast no. 7

Temperature of heating chamber [°C] 275 275 275
Heating time [min] 25 45 35
Cooling time [min] 25 25 50

INJECTION MOULDING OF PLA 3001D
INJECTION MOULDING MACHINE - ENGEL ES 80/20 HLS

INJECTION MOULDING OF PLA 3001D
Technological parameters Value

Temperature on 1 zone [°C] 135
Temperature of injection nozle [°C] 215
Temperature of mould [°C] 25
Injection pressure [MPa] 70
Holding pressure [MPa] 60
Plasticizing pressure [MPa] 1
Injection speed [mm/s] 80
Screw rotation [rpm] 100
Holding pressure time [s] 4
Cooling time [s] 60

RESEARCH RESULTS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PLA TOTAL RM AND PLA 3001D NATURE WORKS
Measured properties Polylactide TOTAL RM Polylactide 3001D

Tensile strength [MPa] 18,8 67,9
Young Modulus [MPa] 790 2738
Elongation at break [%] 96,9 5,3
Impact strength [kJ/m2] NB 19,1
Brinell hardness [N/mm2] 27,1 107

RESEARCH RESULTS
DSC PLA TOTAL RM BEFORE ROTATIONAL MOULDING PROCESS
RESEARCH RESULTS - DSC
DSC PLA TOTAL RM AFTER ROTATIONAL MOULDING PROCESS
RESEARCH RESULTS - DSC
DSC PLA TOTAL RM BEFORE AND AFTER ROTATIONAL MOULDING PROCESS
cooling II heating
Type of samples
Tkr,0 [°C] Tm [°C] ΔHm [J/g] Xc [%]
Sample before the rotational moulding
112,3 125,2 143,6 65,3
process
Sample after the rotational moulding
111,9 124,8 135,9 61,8
process

RESEARCH RESULTS - DMTA
PLA TOTAL RM
3000 0,25
E' [MPa]
tgδ
2500
0,2
relaksacja α
2000
0,15
1500
0,1
1000
relaksacja β
0,05
500
0 0
-140 -105 -70 -35 0 35 70 105
Temperatura [°C]

RESEARCH RESULTS - DMTA
PLA TOTAL RM
Parameter Value
Temperature of relaxation transition  (Tg) [oC] 63
Temperature of relaxation transition  [oC] -123
Mechanical loss factor of relaxation  0,158
Mechanical loss factor of relaxation  0,053
Temperature Modulus
[oC] E’ [MPa]
-130 2700
-50 1410
-20 1120
0 887
25 612
50 347
100 86

CONCLUSIONS
1) It is possible to use the polylactide RM firmy TOTAL in rotational moulding

process.
2) Polylactide 3001D from Nature Works Company used in injection
moulding technology is difficult for processing in rotational moulding
technology.
3) Mechanical properties of polylactide depends on its modification and way of
processing.
4) Rotational moulding of biodegradable polymers is still under development
hence it is very few publications related to this thopic.
5) Polylactic acid because of the way of production and its properties can be
called the XXI century plastic, which in near future should play an important
role, especially in the packaging industry and in a medicine.

Thank you
for your attention

Rotational Molding OF Polylactide - Pla: Marek Szostak

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ROTATIONAL MOLDING

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014,

1. POLYLACTIDE TOTAL RM TOTAL

2. POLYLACTIDE 3001D NATURE WORKS LC

Properties Value ASTM

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

Weight of product Weight of product

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

Technological parameters Cast no. 5 Cast no. 6 Cast no. 7

Heating time [min] 25 45 35

Cooling time [min] 25 25 50

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

Technological parameters Value

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

Measured properties Polylactide TOTAL RM Polylactide 3001D

Young Modulus [MPa] 790 2738

Elongation at break [%] 96,9 5,3

Impact strength [kJ/m2] NB 19,1

Brinell hardness [N/mm2] 27,1 107

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

1) It is possible to use the polylactide RM firmy TOTAL in rotational moulding

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

ROTOPOL SPRING MEETING 2014

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