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Class Viii: General Science (Biology)
Class Viii: General Science (Biology)
General Science
(Biology)
Subject Teacher
CHAPTER 01
CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
WHAT IS AGRICULTURE?
Till 10,000 B.C. people were
nomadic. They were wandering in
groups from place to place in
search of food and shelter. They
ate raw fruits and vegetables and
started hunting for animals for
food. Later, they could cultivate
land and produce rice, wheat and
other food crops. Thus, was born
‘Agriculture’.
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
WHAT IS CROP?
When plants of the same
kind are grown and
cultivated at one place on a
large scale, it is called a
CROP.
1. Preparation of soil.
2. Sowing.
3. Adding manures and fertilisers.
4. Irrigation.
5. Protecting from weeds.
6. Harvesting.
7. Storage.
THE PREPARATION OF SOIL
PLOUGH
PLOUGH
HOE
It is a simple tool which is
used for removing weeds and
for loosening the soil. It has a
long rod of wood or iron. A
strong, broad and bent plate
of iron is fixed to one of its
ends and works like a blade.
It is pulled by animals.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS
CULTIVATOR
Nowadays ploughing is
done by tractor driven
cultivator. The use of
cultivator saves labour
and time.
SOWING
TRADITIONAL TOOL
ADVANTAGES OF MANURE
ADVANTAGES OF MANURE
SOURCES OF IRRIGATION
The sources of
irrigation are:-
WELLS
TUBEWELLS
PONDS
LAKES
RIVERS
DAMS AND
CANALS.
IRRIGATION
Harvesting of a crop is an
important task. The cutting
of crop after it is mature is
called harvesting. In
harvesting, crops are
pulled out or cut close to
the ground. It usually
takes 3 to 4 months for a
cereal crop to mature.
HARVESTING
Club I/c
Praveen M Jigajinni
DCSc & Engg,PGDCA,ADCA,MCA,MSc(IT),MTech(IT), M.Phil (Comp Sci)