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    Bindu M Pillai
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    27 views7 pages

    Acids & Bases - Class - Work

    Uploaded by

    Bindu M Pillai

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Acids & Bases_Class

    Work [26 marks]


    Benzoic acid, C6H5COOH, is another derivative of benzene.

    1a. The pH of an aqueous solution of benzoic acid at 298 K is 2.95. [2 marks]


    Determine the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution, using
    section 2 of the data booklet.

    1b. Formulate the equation for the complete combustion of benzoic acid in [2 marks]
    oxygen using only integer coefficients.
    Butanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, is a weak acid and ethylamine, CH3CH2NH2, is a
    weak base.

    2a. State the equation for the reaction of each substance with water. [2 marks]

    2b. State the formula of the salt formed when butanoic acid reacts with [1 mark]
    ethylamine.

    Many reactions are in a state of equilibrium.

    3a. The following reaction was allowed to reach equilibrium at 761 K. [2 marks]
    H2 (g) + I2 (g) ⇌ 2HI (g) ΔHθ < 0
    Outline the effect, if any, of each of the following changes on the position of
    equilibrium, giving a reason in each case.
    The equations for two acid-base reactions are given below.
    HCO3– (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ H2CO3 (aq) + OH– (aq)
    HCO3– (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CO32– (aq) + H3O+ (aq)

    3b. Identify two different amphiprotic species in the above reactions. [1 mark]

    3c. State what is meant by the term conjugate base. [1 mark]

    3d. State the conjugate base of the hydroxide ion, OH–. [1 mark]
    3e. A student working in the laboratory classified HNO3, H2SO4, H3PO4 and [2 marks]
    HClO4 as acids based on their pH. He hypothesized that “all acids
    contain oxygen and hydrogen”.
    Evaluate his hypothesis.

    Soluble acids and bases ionize in water.

    Sodium hypochlorite ionizes in water.


    OCl–(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ OH–(aq) + HOCl(aq)

    4a. Identify the amphiprotic species. [1 mark]

    4b. Identify one conjugate acid-base pair in the reaction. [1 mark]


    A solution containing 0.510 g of an unknown monoprotic acid, HA, was titrated
    with 0.100 mol dm–3 NaOH(aq). 25.0 cm3 was required to reach the equivalence
    point.

    4c. Calculate the amount, in mol, of NaOH(aq) used. [1 mark]

    4d. Calculate the molar mass of the acid. [1 mark]

    4e. Calculate [H+] in the NaOH solution. [1 mark]

    The concentration of a solution of a weak acid, such as ethanedioic acid, can be


    determined
    by titration with a standard solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH (aq).

    5a. Distinguish between a weak acid and a strong acid. [1 mark]


    Weak acid:
    Strong acid:
    5b. Suggest why it is more convenient to express acidity using the pH scale [1 mark]
    instead of using the concentration of hydrogen ions.
    5c. 5.00 g of an impure sample of hydrated ethanedioic acid, [5 marks]
    3
    (COOH)2•2H2O, was dissolved in water to make 1.00 dm of solution.
    25.0 cm3 samples of this solution were titrated against a 0.100 mol dm-3 solution
    of sodium hydroxide using a suitable indicator.
    (COOH)2 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → (COONa)2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
    The mean value of the titre was 14.0 cm3.
    (i) Calculate the amount, in mol, of NaOH in 14.0 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm-3 solution.
    (ii) Calculate the amount, in mol, of ethanedioic acid in each 25.0 cm3 sample.
    (iii) Determine the percentage purity of the hydrated ethanedioic acid sample.

    © International Baccalaureate Organization 2020


    International Baccalaureate® - Baccalauréat International® - Bachillerato Internacional®

    Printed for Neev Academy

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