DRUG STUDY

(OXYTOCIN)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF
GENERIC NAME INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF ACTION
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: PITOCIN ▪ Induction/Stimulation Thought to directly To induce or stimulate ▪ Hypersensitivity to drug ▪ CNS: seizures, coma, neonatal ▪ Fetal maturity, presentation, and pelvic
Generic Name: of Labor stimulate smooth labor brain damage, subarachnoid adequacy should be assessed prior to
Oxytocin muscle ▪ Cephalopelvic hemorrhage administration of oxytocin for induction of
IV (Adults): 0.5–1 contractions in To control postpartum disproportion labor.
Pharmacologic class:
milliunits/min; increase uterus and cervix. bleeding ▪ CV: premature ventricular
Posterior pituitary
by 1–2 milliunits/ min q ▪ Fetal distress when contractions, arrhythmias, ▪ Assess character, frequency, and duration of
hormone
30–60 min until desired Incomplete abortion delivery is not imminent neonatal bradycardia uterine contractions; resting uterine tone; and
Therapeutic class:
contraction pattern fetal heart rate frequently throughout
Uterine active agent
established; dose may ▪ Prolonged use in uterine ▪ GI: nausea, vomiting administration. If contractions occur <2 min
be decrease after inertia or severe toxemia apart and are >50–65 mm Hg on monitor, if
desired frequency of ▪ GU: postpartal hemorrhage; they last 60–90 sec or longer, or if a significant
contractions is reached ▪ Hypertonic or hyperactive pelvic hematoma; uterine change in fetal heart rate develops, stop
and labor has uterine pattern hypertonicity, spasm, or infusion and turn patient on her left side to
progressed to 5–6 cm tetanic contraction; abruptio prevent fetal anoxia. Notify health care
dilation. ▪ Unfavorable fetal position placentae; uterine rupture professional immediately.
or presentation that’s (with excessive doses)
▪ Postpartum undeliverable without ▪ Monitor maternal BP and pulse frequently and
Hemorrhage conversion ▪ Hematologic: afibrinogenemia fetal heart rate continuously throughout
Hepatic: neonatal jaundice administration.
IV (Adults): 10 units ▪ Labor induction or
infused at 20–40 augmentation when ▪ Other: hypersensitivity ▪ This drug occasionally causes water
milliunits/min. vaginal delivery is reactions including intoxication. Monitor patient for signs and
contraindicated (as in anaphylaxis, low 5-minute symptoms (drowsiness, listlessness, confusion,
IM (Adults): 10 units invasive cervical cancer, Apgar score (neonate) headache, anuria) and notify physician or other
after delivery of active genital herpes, health care professional if they occur.
placenta.
▪ Lab Test Considerations: Monitor maternal
▪ Incomplete/Inevitable electrolytes. Water retention may result in
Abortion hypochloremia or hyponatremia.
IV (Adults): 10 units at
a rate of 20–40
milliunits/min.
 DRUG STUDY
(METHERGINE)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE,
GENERIC NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: ▪ PO (Adults): 200–400 Directly stimulates uterine Prevention and treatment of ▪ Hypersensitivity to drug ▪ CNS: dizziness, ▪ Monitor BP, heart rate, and uterine
METHERGINE mcg (0.2–0.4 mg) q 6– and vascular smooth postpartum or postabortion headache, hallucination, response frequently during medication
Generic Name: 12 hr for 2–7 days. muscle. Hemorrhage caused by ▪ Hypertension seizures, CVA (with I.V. administration. Notify health care
Methylergometrine uterine atony or use) professional promptly if uterine relaxation
▪ IM, IV (Adults): 200 Therapeutic Effects: subinvolution. ▪ Toxemia becomes prolonged or if character of
Therapeutic: mineral mcg (0.2 mg) q 2–4 hr Uterine contraction. ▪ CV: hypertension, vaginal bleeding changes.
and electrolyte for up ▪ Pregnancy (except during hypotension, transient ▪ Assess for signs of ergotism (cold, numb
replacements/ to 5 doses. third stage of labor) chest pain, palpitations, fingers and toes, chest pain, nausea,
supplements thrombophlebitis vomiting, headache, muscle pain,
Pharmacologic: weakness).
minerals/electrolytes ▪ EENT: tinnitus, nasal
congestion ▪ Lab Test Considerations: If no response to
methylergonovine, calcium levels may
▪ GI: nausea, vomiting, need to be assessed. Effectiveness of
diarrhea medication is decrease with hypocalcemia.

▪ GU: hematuria ▪ May cause decrease serum prolactin

levels.
▪ Musculoskeletal: leg
cramps

▪ Respiratory: dyspnea

▪ Skin: diaphoresis, rash,

allergic reactions

▪ Other: foul taste

 DRUG STUDY
(MAGNESIUM SULFATE)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF
GENERIC NAME INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF ACTION
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: ▪ 2.5 g through IV Essential for the Treatment/prevention ▪ Hypermagnesemia ▪ CNS (with I.V. use): ▪ Hypomagnesemia/Anticonvulsant: Monitor
MAGNESIUM SULFATE activity of many of hypomagnesemia. confusion, decreased pulse, BP, respirations, and ECG frequently
Generic Name: ▪ 5 g through IM at each enzymes. Plays an ▪ Heart block reflexes, dizziness, throughout administration of parenteral
Magnesium Sulfate buttocks q6 degree important role in Treatment of syncope, sedation, magnesium sulfate. Respirations should be at
neurotransmission hypertension. ▪ Myocardial damage hypothermia, paralysis least 16/min before each dose.
Therapeutic: mineral and and muscular
electrolyte replacements/ excitability. Prevention of seizures ▪ Active labor or within 2 ▪ CV (with I.V. use): ▪ Monitor neurologic status before and
supplements associated with severe hours of delivery hypotension, throughout therapy. Institute seizure
Pharmacologic: Therapeutic Effects: eclampsia, pre- arrhythmias, circulatory precautions. Patellar reflex (knee jerk) should
minerals/electrolytes Replacement in eclampsia, or acute collapse be tested before each parenteral dose of
deficiency states. nephritis. magnesium sulfate. If response is absent, no
Resolution of ▪ GI: nausea, vomiting, additional doses should be administered until
eclampsia. cramps, flatulence, positive response is obtained.
anorexia
▪ Monitor newborn for hypotension,
▪ Metabolic: hyporeflexia, and respiratory depression if
hypermagnesemia, mother has received magnesium sulfate.
hypocalcemia
▪ Monitor intake and output ratios. Urine
▪ Musculoskeletal (with I.V.
output should be maintained at a level of at
use): muscle weakness,
least 100 mL/4 hr.
flaccidity
▪ Lab Test Considerations: Monitor serum
▪ Respiratory: respiratory
magnesium levels and renal function
paralysis
periodically throughout administration of
▪ Skin: diaphoresis parenteral magnesium sulfate.

▪ Other: allergic reaction,

injection site reaction,
laxative dependence (with
repeated or prolonged
use)
 DRUG STUDY
(PARACETAMOL)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF
GENERIC NAME INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF ACTION
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: Dosage: 500mg/tab Inhibits synthesis of Temporary reduction of Previous hypersensitivity; Hematologic: ▪ Assess overall health status and alcohol
TYLENOL prostaglandins that fever Products containing thrombocytopenia, usage before administering acetaminophen.
Generic Name: Frequency: PRN not may serve as alcohol, aspartame, hemolytic anemia, Patients who are malnourished or
Paracetamol exceeding 3900mg/day mediators of pain and Temporary relief of saccharin, sugar, or neutropenia, leukopenia, chronically abuse alcohol are at higher risk
fever, primarily in the minor aches and pains tartrazine (FDC yellow dye pancytopenia of developing hepatotoxicity with chronic
Pharmacologic class: CNS. Has no caused by common #5) should be avoided in use of usual doses of this drug.
Synthetic nonopioid significant anti- cold and influenza, patients who have Hepatic: jaundice,
p-aminophenol derivative inflammatory headache, sore throat, hypersensitivity or hepatotoxicity ▪ Assess amount, frequency, and type of
Therapeutic class: Analgesic, properties or GI toothache, backache, intolerance to these drugs taken in patients self-medicating,
antipyretic toxicity. menstrual cramp, etc. compounds; Severe Metabolic: hypoglycemic especially with OTC drugs. Prolonged use of
hepatic impairment/ coma acetaminophen increases risk of adverse
Therapeutic Effects: active liver disease. hepatic and renal effects. For short-term
Analgesia. Skin: rash, urticaria use, combined doses of acetaminophen and
Antipyresis. salicylates should not exceed the
Other: hypersensitivity recommended dose of either drug given
reactions (such as fever) alone. Do not exceed maximum daily dose
of acetaminophen when considering all
routes of administration and all
combination products containing
acetaminophen.

▪ Assess for rash periodically during therapy.

May cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Discontinue therapy if rash (reddening of
skin, blisters, and detachment of upper
surface of skin peeling) or if accompanied
with fever, general malaise, fatigue, muscle
or joint aches, blisters, oral lesions,
 conjunctivitis, hepatitis, and/or
eosinophilia.

▪ Pain: Assess type, location, and intensity

prior to and 30–60 min following
administration.

▪ Fever: Assess fever; note presence of

associated signs (diaphoresis, tachycardia,
and malaise).
 DRUG STUDY
(BCG)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF
GENERIC NAME INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF ACTION
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: Adult and Child >1 year: Active immunization Live BCG vaccine is an ▪ Hypersensitivity Small, red tender swelling at ▪ Assess client for allergic reaction (e.g., rash,
BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN 0.1 mL and prevention of TB. attenuated strain of site of injection developing to trouble breathing
LIVE bacillus Calmette- ▪ Impaired immune a small vesicle and then an
Generic Name: Child <1 year and Guerin; used for active response, congenital or ulcer in 2-4 weeks. ▪ Assess client with compromised immune
TICE BCG Newborn: 0.05 mL immunization against acquired immune systems, such as those who are infected
tuberculosis. deficiencies Occasionally, enlargement of with HIV/AIDS.
Pharmacologic class: All doses are given axillary lymph nodes may
BCG live vaccine intradermally. ▪ Active tuberculosis appear 2-4 months after ▪ Assess clients for common side effects (e.g.,
Therapeutic class: immunization. redness at injection site, fever, abdominal
Anti-tuberculosis live ▪ Acute severe febrile discomfort)
Attenuated vaccine illness SC injection produces abscess
which may lead to retracted
▪ Generalized infected
scars.
skin conditions
 DRUG STUDY
(HEPATITIS B VACCINES)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF
GENERIC NAME INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF ACTION
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: ENGERIX-B is a sterile Active immunization Indicated for Known hypersensitivity to ▪ Headache ▪ Additional doses may be required for
ENGERIX-B suspension available in with hepatitis B prevention of infection any components of the ▪ Rash individuals with a suppressed immune
RECOMBIVAX the following vaccines stimulates caused by all known vaccine, or to a previous ▪ Fatigue system.
Generic Name: presentation: the immune system subtypes of hepatitis B dose. ▪ Cold or flu-like symptoms
Hepatitis B Vaccine to produce anti-HBs virus. ▪ Fever ▪ Correct cold chain vaccine storage should
0.5 mL (10 cmg) prefilled without exposing the Acute febrile illness. ▪ Pins and needles be ensured
Pharmacologic class: syringes patient to the risks of (Paraesthesia)
Hepatitis B vaccine active infection. ▪ Dizziness ▪ The injection site batch number and expiry
Therapeutic class: 1 mL (20 mcg) single-dose ▪ Pain in the joints date should be recorded in the patient
Anti-hepatitis B Vaccine vials and prefilled syringes ▪ Pain in the muscles record.
▪ Itching
▪ Soreness at injection site
▪ Allergic reaction such as
lip swelling, tongue and
throat or narrowing of the
airways.
 DRUG STUDY
(PHYTOMENADIONE)

PRESCRIBED AND
BRAND NAME
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF
GENERIC NAME INDICATION CONTARINDICATION ADVERSE REACTION NUSRSING RESPONSIBILIRTIES
FREQUENCY, ROUTE OF ACTION
CLASSIFICATION
ADMINISTRARTION

Brand Name: For prevention, 0.5 to 1 Promotes hepatic Prevention and ▪ Contraindicated in ▪ Hyperbilirubinemia (in ▪ Monitor for side effects and adverse
MEPHYTON mg I.M. as a single dose synthesis of active treatment of hypersensitivity to drug infants); with parenteral reactions. Children may be especially
Generic Name: within 1 hour of birth. For prothrombin, hemorrhagic disease of or its components. (Life- administration—pain, sensitive to the effects and side effects of
Phytomenadione treatment, 1 mg I.M. or proconvertin, plasma newborn. threatening reactions swelling, tenderness at vitamin K. Neonates, especially premature
subcutaneously if mother thromboplastin resembling injection site; itchy rash neonates, may be more sensitive than older
received oral component, and hypersensitivity or after repeated injections; children.
Classification anticoagulants. Stuart factor anaphylaxis have transient flushing
Therapeutic: occurred during and sensations; peculiar taste;
antidotes, vitamins immediately after I.V. anaphylactoid reactions
Pharmacologic: injection.)
fat-soluble vitamins
▪ Use cautiously in
pregnant or
breastfeeding patients,
children, and neonates
(if product contains
benzyl alcohol).

▪ Avoid P.O. use in

disorders that may
prevent adequate
absorption.