APPROVAL SHEET

This study entitled, LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIME INTERVENTION PROGRAMS AS

PERCEIVED BY BARANGAY OFFICIALS OF TUBAY, AGUSAN DEL NORTE, prepared and
submitted by NORJAMES E. GALIA, JAYMAR DELA CRUZ, & ADOLF JOHN T. PANIS in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology is hereby
recommended for oral examination.

MR. JEORGE E. CAÑAREJO

Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the committee on Oral Examination with the grade of

DR. VERNIE OJEDA ESMERALDA M. CASTILLON

Member Member

DR. PAZFEGURITA M. OJEDA

Chairman

Accepted and approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of
Science in criminology.

Ms. Esmeralda M. Castillon

Dean, College of Criminology

iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to thank first our almighty God for the grace and strength to
complete this project of their life.

The completion of this thesis would not be possible without the help and encouragement of
many people to whom the researchers extend their sincerest gratitude;

Mr. Jorge E. Cañarejo, the researchers' adviser, for the advice and understanding;

Ms. Mata, the statistician who help to get the result of the data survey and accomplished this
project, for her generosity.

The Tubay Barangay officials who are the respondents of this study for answering the
questionnaires honestly and for their cooperation.

And lastly, the researcher would like to thank their families for supporting them not just
financially but also emotionally and spiritually throughout this writing.

The researchers

iv

ABSTRACT

Title : LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIME

INTERVENTION PROGRAM AS PERCEIVED

BY BARANGAY OFFICIALS OF TUBAY,

AGUSAN DEL NORTE

Total No. of Pages :

No: of Text Pages :

Author : Dela Cruz, Jaymar.

Galia, Norjames E.
Panis, Adolf John T.

Type of Publication : Unpublished

Host Institution : Northern Mindanao Colleges, Incorporated

City of Cabadbaran

Caraga Administrative Region

Key Words : Crime Intervention

Abstract

The following findings are the results of the interpretation of data:

The investigation revealed that majority of the barangay officials in the study belong to ages 31-
40 years old. As to sex, most of the barangay officials were male. As to years in service, most of
the respondents serve their respective barangays for seven to nine years.

Based on the results, Police Integrated Patrol System and Anti-Criminality Operations were
effective. However, Barangay Peace Keeping Operation and Integrated Area Community Public
Safety Services were less effective.

Lastly, data revealed the level of effectiveness of the crime intervention program as perceived
by barangay officials in Tubay, Agusan del Norte, was effective to the municipality.

Based on the conclusion of the study, the researchers recommended that Barangay Officials.
Barangay officials must always support the implementation of crime prevention programs in
their respective areas. They must cooperate with the police officers who were assigned to their
vicinities and also cooperate with people in the community. Police officers are encouraged to
undertake trainings that would enhance their capabilities in the actual operations. Future
Researchers. A further study may be conducted by future researchers to explore more variables
that are not included in the present study.

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

ABSTRACT iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS vi

LIST OF TABLES ix

LIST OF FIGURES x

CHAPTER

I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction 1

Theoretical Framework 3

Schematic Diagram 4

Statement of the Problem 5

vii

Scope and Limitation of the Study

6
Definition of Terms 6

CHAPTER

II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

AND STUDIES

Related Literature 7

Related Studies 11

III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 14

Research Setting 14

Respondents of the Study 15

Data Gathering Procedure 15

Statistical Tool 16

viii

IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Problem 1: Profile of Respondents 17

Problem 2: Level of Effectiveness 19

of Crime Intervention Program

V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary 25

Conclusions 25

Recommendations 26

REFERENCES 27

APPENDICES

A -Letter Requests approved by the thesis Adviser 28

B -Research Instrument 29

C -Map of the Research Locale 31

D -Curriculum Vitae

32

E -Documentation 37

ix

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Distribution of Respondents 15

2 Distribution of Respondents as to Age 17

3 Distribution of Respondents as to Sex 18

4 Distribution of Respondents as to Years in Service 18

5 Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program 19

as to Police Integrated Patrol System

6 Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program 20

as to Barangay Peace Keeping Operations

7 Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program 21

as to Anti-Criminality Operations

8 Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program 22

as to Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services

9 Summary of Level of Effectiveness of Crime 23

Intervention Program as perceived by Barangay Officials

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Schematic Diagram 4

2 Map of the Research Locale 31

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction.

The town of Tubay is named after its legendary founder Datu Tabay, and lays claim to being the
second Spanish Settlement in Agusan and was known as a pueblo as early as 1751. Formerly,
the people settled in the wilderness of Ilihan, then transferred to sitio Malabog and later to
Tubay-Tubay and Sabang near the mouth of the Jabonga River. However, the danger of
constant inundation and Moro attacks convinced the succeeding leader of the place to move
the pueblo to Daang Lungsod, where the massive magkuno post of once spacious and strongly
built church now stands. It was here where the settlement firmly took place. On June 22, 1947,
Tubay officially became a municipality when the Congress of the Philippines enacted Republic
Act No. 188, which separated the barrios of Tubay, La Fraternidad, Tinigbasan, Cabayawa,
Victory, Santa Ana, and Tagmamarcay, all from Cabadbaran, and constituted into the newly
created town. By virtue of said law, President Manuel A.Roxas issued Presidential Proclamation
No. 44 on October 20, 1947, thus making Tubay regain its township status. According to
Philippine News Agency, Najarro (2017), In 2016, there is 22 recorded crimes and increases in
2017 with 29 crimes recorded in the Municipality.

The purpose of the study is to determine the level of effectiveness of the crime intervention
program implemented by the Tubay Police Station on Crimes as well as to understand its effect
on society in general. It also aims to find out what intervention program is the most effective
among those intervention programs implemented. Community crime prevention programs or
strategies targeted changes in community infrastructure, culture, or the physical environment
in order to reduce crime in the future.

This study will also serve as one of the eye-openers for the Barangay, officials of Tubay, Agusan
del Norte, that prevention program is very valuable in preventing crimes in the future.
Furthermore, for them to have more knowledge on how to respond to the event of the
community in regarding crime. Thus this study also aims to enhance their ways on how to
maintain the peace and order of their Barangay. This would help and add up further details and
information that are useful for our research since this research already has the information
they seek, and therefore making our research would be easy. This research would be a great
help and give an idea to the government to increase their crime prevention programs as to
where they are lacking and give them more idea. This research would help the students to be
aware of the situation in their communities, especially those in the area of the Municipality of
Tubay. This would help the police department to understand or further the information that
could be found in this research.

Theoretical Framework

This research is related to Latent Curve Analysis to Testing developmental theory (Patrick J
Curran, Bengt O Muth, 2011). The effectiveness of a prevention or intervention program has
traditionally been assessed using time‐specific comparisons of mean levels between the
treatment and the control groups. However, many times the behavior targeted by the
intervention is naturally developing over time, and the goal of the treatment is to alter this
natural or normative developmental trajectory. Examining time‐specific mean levels can be
both limiting and potentially misleading when the behavior of interest is developing
systematically over time. It is argued here that there are both theoretical and statistical
advantages associated with recasting intervention treatment effects in terms of normative and
altered developmental trajectories. The recently developed technique of latent curve (LC)
analysis is reviewed and extended to a true experimental design setting in which subjects are
randomly assigned to a treatment intervention or a control condition. LC models are applied to
both artificially generated and real intervention data sets to evaluate the efficacy of an
intervention program. Not only do the LC models provide a more comprehensive understanding
of the treatment and control group developmental processes compared to more traditional
fixed‐effects models, but LC models have greater statistical power to detect a given treatment
effect. Finally, the LC models are modified to allow for the computation of specific power
estimates under a variety of conditions and assumptions that can provide much-needed
information for the planning and design of more powerful but cost‐efficient intervention
programs for the future.

This study is all about the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs as Perceived by
Barangay Officials of Tubay, Agusan Del Norte. The independent variables are the Barangay
Officials' profile as to age, sex, and years in service. The dependent variable is the Crime
Intervention Programs Implemented by Tubay Police Station in which contains four variables,
namely: Police Integrated Patrol System; Barangay Peace Keeping Operations; Anti-Criminality
Operations; and Integrated Area Community Public Services.

Schematic Diagram

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Respondents Profile in terms of:

 Age
 Sex
 Years in Service

Crime Intervention Programs Implemented by the Tubay Police Station

 Police Integrated Patrol System

 Barangay Peace Keeping Operations
 Anti-Criminality Operations
 Integrated Area Community Public Services

Figure 1. The Schematic Diagram Showing the Independent and Dependent Variables of the
Study.

Statement of the Problem

In general, this study focuses on the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program
Implemented by the Tubay Police Station as perceived by Barangay Officials as the baseline of
programs that are implementing to the community.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the barangay officials in terms of:

1.1. Age

1.2. Sex

1.3. Years in Service

2. What is the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs as perceived by the

barangay officials in Tubay, Agusan del Norte in terms of:

2.1. Police Integrated Patrol System

2.2. Barangay Peace Keeping Operations

2.3. Anti-Criminality Operations

2.4. Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services

Hypothesis

H0: There is no significant relationship on the level of effectiveness of crime intervention

programs as perceived by barangay officials of Tubay, Agusan Del Norte in terms of age, sex,
and years of service.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study is focused on the level of effectiveness of crime intervention programs as perceived
by barangay officials of Tubay, Agusan del Norte. The respondents were the 63 barangay
officials of Tubay, Agusan del Norte. The independent variables were limited to barangay
officials' age, sex, and years in service. The crime prevention programs implemented by Tubay
Police Station were police integrated patrol system, barangay peacekeeping operation, anti-
criminality operations, and integrated area community public safety services.
Definition of Terms

Important terms used in the study are defined in order to promote understanding of the
concepts advanced by the researchers.

Anti-Criminality Operations. a campaign to all illegal activities.

Barangay Peace Keeping Operation. a peaceful and orderly community organized and
responsive to the safety and security needs of the citizen.

Integrated Area Community Public Safety Service. Improving the safety services & crime
prevention in the community.

Police Integrated Patrol System. A system in which reduces street crimes.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Presented in this chapter, we tackled the related literatures and studies in which may support
the entire study. The concepts and related studies presented will help the researchers
understand thoroughly the whole objectives of the study, which will give the researchers a
wider perception that will help them in abstracting and comprehending the effectiveness and
the level of the crime intervention programs implemented by the Tubay Police Station. The
literature and studies will assist the researchers in finding a solution to this problem.

Related Literature

The book of Hunter and Barker (2010) emphasized the role of citizen participation and
emphasized why it is critical to the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. It focuses on the
importance of and strategies for positive police-community interactions and addresses the
internal and external communities the police serve. It also discusses the interdisciplinary
approach, draws data and discussion from a wide range of disciplines, and gives a well-rounded
perspective to a better understanding and practice of positive police-community relations.

In the book of Herbert (2013), he discusses that politicians, citizens, and police agencies have
long embraced community policing, hoping to reduce crime and disorder by strengthening the
ties between urban residents and the officers entrusted with their protection. That strategy
seems to make sense. He reveals the reasons why it rarely, if ever, works, drawing on data he
collected in diverse Seattle neighborhoods from interviews with residents, observation of police
officers, and attendance at community-police meetings.
8

He also identifies the many obstacles that make effective collaboration between city dwellers
and the police so unlikely to succeed. At the same time, he shows that residents, pragmatic
ideas about the role of community differ dramatically from those held by social theorists.

Ellison (2010) stresses the importance of community consent for policing illiberal democracies
before sketching the nature of police-community relations in Northern Ireland during the
decades of political conflict. He then considers whether the situation has changed in the
aftermath of the Independent Commission on Policing for Northern Ireland (ICP) reforms by
examining recent survey data from the Northern Ireland Policing Board and the Northern
Ireland Statistics and Research Agency.

Moreover, he suggests that while official surveys are useful in highlighting trends in police-
community relations over time, a more refined conceptual framework is required in order to
take stock of such relationships in marginalized and alienated communities. Drawing upon the
ecological model of police-community relations proposed by scholars such as Sung and Weitzer,
Ellison argues that any analysis needs to dig deeper and consider residential fragmentation, the
spatial distribution of power, specific modalities of police-community relations across and
between neighborhoods, and problematic assumptions about the nature of community itself.

Moreover, Abat (2013) stated that in Davao City, the police station is increasing police visibility
in communities to reduce the number of crimes. Most of the policemen are outside for
advocacy programs and to maximize visibility. And also, don't let the ride in mobile since mostly
they are on foot patrol to observe more the community safety; this way, they could easily
establish a connection with the community against criminal acts. Police officers also go house-
to-house in different villages in a subdivision within the area of their responsibilities to make
sure that they are safe by the police force.

Hence, Rińen (2014) stated that Cebu City is further strengthening police visibility in public
areas were implemented by the police as part of their strategy to lower street crimes in a
program dubbed Metro Cebu Comprehensive Deployment System (MCCDS), which in this
program they will maximize police visibility out in the streets to prevent crimes from happening
and witness more augmentation of police officers out in the streets in beat, foot, and mobile in
covert operations. "The response to street crimes is always police presence," apart from
increasing the number of policemen in the foot and mobile patrols, other strategies that will be
employed the establishment of checkpoints, deployment of covert personnel, and with all these
done in a random manner.

Therefore, safety is freedom from harm or danger and the state of being safe, which every
person assures in the place they were living and for their daily lives. People need to feel safe at
all times under any circumstances. It does not matter if you are at home, at work, at school,
traveling at social events, or in desperate need of emergency assistance (Baula,2019).us
10

Sun and Chu (2010) state that police officers who are male are likely to support aggressive
enforcement than females. Males have great likely to have an authoritarian attitude than
females.

Bradley (2013) states that visible police presence highlighted a strong preference in the
community that allows evidence on community engagement in policing.

Sumad-on (2020) states that the result that Barangay Peace Keeping Operations were organized
to assist the government police officers in the maintenance of peace and order in the country.
Barangay tanods specifically stands at the forefront of keeping the peace and order in every
barangay. We are composed of civilian volunteers who protect the community from lawless
forces.

Bravo (2017) states that information drive among citizens is an initiative of PNP that focuses on
prevention as an approach in combating criminality. It will also greatly help in encouraging the
citizens to avoid vices and to help thwart crimes in the community.

US Department of Justice (2016) states that task forces create an environment where agencies
involved in local anti-trafficking efforts, or seeking to become involved, can learn the roles and
capacities of the other agencies. This is the first step in creating a strategic, coordinated, and
collaborative relationship among law enforcement, victim service providers, other key
stakeholders, and the community being served.

11

Related Studies

Kappeler, Gaines (2012) introduces the Ten Principles of Community policing, and Community
policing is a philosophy and organizational strategy that expands the traditional police mandate
of fighting crime to include forming a partnership with the citizenry and endorsing mutual
support and participation. And it also introduces to this progressive approach and includes the
most current developments in the field, such as how the current climate of suspicion associated
with terrorism threats affects the trust so necessary for community policing and how the
newest technologies can be harnessed to facilitate police interactions with citizens.

Additionally, it explores the fragmentation of authority and emphasizes the importance of

partnerships among the numerous law enforcement agencies, government agencies, and
private social service agencies.

Jacob (2011) in his study, the Philippine National Police is continuing attempts to improve the
delivery of basic police services through a more effective crime prevention program anchored
upon police-community relationships, thus, will more likely to reveal how responsive the two-
way communication between the police and the community could be firmly established with
the end-on view of attaining better peace and order situation in communities. Several programs
had been implemented by the Philippine National Police wherein the enhancement of police-
community partnership is the major concern emphasized to bring closer to the community and
the creation of Community-Oriented Policing System.

12

Director General Nicanor A. Bartolome, Chief of the Philippine National Police (PNP), ordered all
policemen were doing office work to go out and render at least four hours of security patrols in
their areas of jurisdiction. "They will now be conducting patrol before they go to the office and
before they go home," said Bartolome. The target time will be from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. in
the morning and from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. in the afternoon. According to Bartolome, the PNP
objective is to make use of that time on matters that need the police concerns most, which is
patrolling the streets". It was implemented by Bartolome in Metro Manila while he was director
of the National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO).

After the assessment that it was effective, Bartolome said he wants to implement it across the
country because aside from police officers doing office work, he said some policemen in other
units would also be required to conduct beat patrol.

However, it clarified that only those assigned in areas where the threat of big rebel groups like
communist and Moro rebels will be tapped for patrol. "Some of those assigned in internal
security operations will be used for visibility because we all know that it is an essential
component to prevent crime," said Bartolome.

Ralph, Barr, Theresa (2013), in a survey study of police officers in Alabama, this paper assesses
how demographic factors of police officers, their reception of training on cultural diversity, and
the awareness of their department's written policy on bias-based policing are related to their
perception of bias-based policing practices in their department. Officers with a younger age
group, higher education, and longer work experience in the department are more likely to say
that they have witnessed bias-based policing practices as compared with their counterparts
with the older age groups, lower education, and shorter work experience.

13

Ronald J. Burke (2011) this study a research model developed to understand work satisfactions,
emotional and physical well-being among police officers. Data were collected from 828 men
and women in police work using.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, research setting, respondent of the study, data
gathering procedure, and statistical tool.
Research Design

The researchers used a descriptive research design in conducting the study. Descriptive because
it will describe the barangay officials' profile and the level of effectiveness of crime intervention
programs implemented by Tubay Police Station.

Research Setting

The location of this study is concentrated in the Municipality of Tubay, Agusan Del Norte. Tubay
is located at 9°10′N 125°31′E. According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality
has a land area of 138.09 square kilometers (53.32 sq mi), constituting 5.06% of the 2,730.24-
square-kilometre- (1,054.15 sq mi) total area of Agusan del Norte and is composed of 13
barangays. It is 8.7 km. or 10.2 minutes away from Cabadbaran City to the Municipality of
Tubay by public transportation. And 9.7 km from Santiago ADN to Tubay ADN.

Respondents of the Study

Out of the 13 barangays of the Municipality of Tubay, only nearby vicinity barangays were taken
as the respondents such as: By purposive sampling, seven barangays were taken as sample
respondents. Specifically, nine barangay officials in each barangay. All these data are reflected
in Table 1. This table presents the distribution of respondents.

15

Table 1

Distribution of Respondents

Barangay

Barangay Officials Sample Size

Doña Telesfora

La Fraternidad

Doña Rosario

Victory
9

1. Ana

Poblacion 1

Poblacion 2

Total

63

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers sought approval from the office of the college dean and the municipal mayor of
Tubay. Afterward, the letter will be given to the respective barangay chairman. After the
chairman's approval, a letter request was sent to all Barangay Officials' respondents. The
researchers arranged the schedule of visits in the administration of the questionnaire and
personally distributed the questionnaires. The researchers gave instructions to the
respondents. Enough time was given to the respondents to answer the questions. After
completion, the researchers gathered the survey questionnaires. The researchers tallied the
data, tabulated, and submitted it to the statistician for statistical treatment. Analysis and
interpretation of the findings were made by the researchers.

16

The responses were tallied and tabulated. An item analysis of the result was conducted in order
to determine the trend of responses then the instruments were then finalized.

Statistical Tool

The following statistical tools should be used to quantify the data being collected.

Frequency and Percentage. These tools should be used to determine the number of
respondents' profile in terms of age, sex, and years in service

Weighted Mean. This tool should be used to measure the level of effectiveness of crime
intervention programs as perceived by police officers and barangay officials.
CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents analyzes and interprets the data collected through the survey
questionnaires, which were distributed to the barangay officials of Tubay, Agusan Del Norte.

Problem 1. What are the profile of the barangay officials in terms of age, sex, and years in
service?

Profile of the Barangay Officials as to Age

Table 2

Distribution of Barangay Officials as to Age

Age

Frequency

(f)

Percentage

(%)

21-30 Years Old

20

31
31-40 Years Old

31

49

41-50 Years Old

13

51-60 Years Old

Total

63

100%

Table 2 presents that majority 31or 49% of the barangay officials belong to ages 31-40 years
old, while there were only 4 or 7% who belong to ages 51-60 years old. This implies that the
majority of the respondents were in the middle ages.

Older

individuals have a

tendency to possess

a greater degree

of political,

social, and moral conservatism than younger individuals

(Ray, 1985).

Table 2 presents that majority 31or 49% of the barangay officials belong to ages 31-40 years
old, while there were only 4 or 7% who belong to ages 51-60 years old. This implies that the
majority of the respondents were in the middle ages.
18

Profile of the Barangay Officials as to Sex

Table 3

Distribution of Barangay Officials as to Sex

Sex

Frequency

(f)

Percentage

(%)

Male

44

69

Female

19

31

Total

63

100%

Table 3 manifests that 44 or 69% of the respondents were male and only 19 or 31% of the
respondents were female. This indicates that most of the barangay officials were male.

Profile of the Barangay Officials

as to Years in Service
Table 4

Distribution of Barangay Officials as to Years in Service

Years in service

Frequency

(f)

Percentage

(%)

1-10 Years

13

11-20 Years

20

32

21-30 Years

21

33

31-40 Years

14

22

Total

63

100%

Table 4 shows that 21 or 33% of the barangay officials belong to 7-9 years in service whereas,
only 8 or 13 % of the respondents served for 1-3 years. This 194
denotes that majority of the barangay officials in the Municipality of Tubay have much
experience in service.

Problem 2. What is the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs as perceived by

Barangay Officials in Tubay, Agusan del Norte?

Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs

as to Police Integrated Patrol System

Table 5

Level of Effectiveness as to Police Integrated Patrol System

Indicators

Weighted mean

Verbal description

Police Visibility/Presence.

3.14

Effective

Beat/Foot Patrolling.

2.49

Less Effective

Mobile Patrolling.

2.83

Effective

Average Weighted Mean

2.82

Effective
Table 5 shows the level of effectiveness as to police integrated patrol system. Barangay Officials
confirm that the police visibility presence was effective with a weighted mean of 3.14.
However, beat/foot patrolling were assessed as less effective by Barangay Officials with a
weighted mean of 2.49. The average weighted mean of 2.82 revealed that Police Integrated
Patrol System was effective in Tubay, Agusan del Norte.

Abat (2013) supports the result that in Davao City, the police station is increasing police
visibility in communities to reduce the numbers of crimes. Most of the policemen are outside
for advocacy programs and to maximize visibility. And also, don't let the ride in mobile since
mostly they are on foot patrol to 20

observe more the community safety; this way, they could easily establish a connection with the
community against criminal acts. Police officers also go house-to-house in different villages in a
subdivision within the area of their responsibilities to make sure that they are safe by the police
force. In addition, Bradley (2013) states that visible police presence highlighted a strong
preference in the community that allows evidence on community engagement in policing.

Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs

as to Barangay Peace Keeping Operation

Table 6

Level of Effectiveness as to Barangay Peace Keeping Operation

Indicators

Weighted mean

Verbal description

Barangay Peacekeeping Action Teams (BPATs).

2.68

Effective

Re-organization and Retraining of Barangay Tanods.

2.44

Less Effective

Organization of Crime/Drug Watch At Barangay level.

2.05

Less Effective

Average Weighted Mean

2.39

Less Effective

Table 6 shows the level of effectiveness as to barangay peacekeeping operation. Barangay

Officials confirm that Barangay Peacekeeping Action Teams (BPATs) was effective with a
weighted mean of 2.68. However, the Organization of Crime/Drug Watch at Barangay level
were assessed less effective by Barangay Officials with a weighted mean of 2.05. The average
weighted mean of 2.39 revealed that Barangay Peace Keeping Operation was less effective in
Tubay, Agusan del Norte.

21

Sumad-on (2020) reinforced the result that Barangay Peace Keeping Operations were organized
to assist the government police officers in the maintenance of peace and order in the country.
Barangay Tanods specifically stands at the forefront of keeping the peace and order in every
barangay. We are composed of civilian volunteers who protect the community from lawless
forces, thus, resulted in positive effects on the vicinities of Tubay, Agusan del Norte.

Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs

as to Anti-Criminality Operations

Table 7

Level of Effectiveness as to Anti-Criminality Operations

Indicators

Weighted mean

Verbal description

Campaign Against Illegal Drugs.

2.60
Effective

Campaign Against Illegal Gambling.

2.71

Effective

Campaign Against Illegal Possession of Firearms.

2.29

Less Effective

Average Weighted Mean

2.53

Effective

Table 7 shows the level of effectiveness as to Anti-Criminality Operations. Barangay Officials

confirm that Campaign Against Illegal Gambling was effective with a weighted mean of 2.71.
However, Campaign Against Illegal Possession of Firearms was assessed less effective by
Barangay Officials with a weighted mean of 2.29. The average weighted mean of 2.53 revealed
that Anti-Criminality Operations was effective in Tubay, Agusan del Norte.

22

The result was covered by Bravo (2017) that information drive among citizens is an initiative of
PNP that focuses on prevention as an approach in combating criminality. It will also greatly help
in encouraging the citizens to avoid vices and to help thwart crimes in the community.

Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs as to

Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services

Table 8

Level of Effectiveness as to Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services

Indicators

Weighted mean
Verbal description

Creation of Special Task Force to counter the proliferation of all kinds of illegal activities.

2.54

Effective

Conduct dialogues and seminars regarding crime prevention for all sectors, including
government employees.

2.16

Less Effective

Intensify campaign for the empowerment of the youth (i.e., Sport, culture & arts, summer job,
skills enhancement, educational assistance) and likewise for the rehabilitation of those who are
hooked to illegal activities.

2.32

Less Effective

Average Weighted Mean

2.34

Less Effective

Table 8 shows the level of effectiveness as to Integrated Area Community Public Safety
Services. Barangay Officials confirm that the Creation of a Special Task Force to counter the
proliferation of all kinds of illegal activities was effective with a weighted mean of 2.54.
However, Conduct dialogues and seminars regarding crime prevention for all sectors, including
government employees, were assessed less effective by Barangay Officials with a weighted
mean of 2.16. The average 23

weighted mean of 2.34 revealed that Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services was
less effective in Tubay, Agusan del Norte.

The result was supported by US Department of Justice (2016) that task forces create an
environment where agencies involved in local anti-trafficking efforts, or seeking to become
involved, can learn the roles and capacities of the other agencies. This is the first step in
creating a strategic, coordinated, and collaborative relationship among law enforcement, victim
service providers, other key stakeholders, and the community being served.
Summary on the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention

Programs as Perceived by Barangay Officials

Table 9

Summary on the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program as Perceived by Barangay

Officials of Tubay, Agusan Del Norte

Role

Weighted mean

Verbal description

Police Integrated Patrol System

2.82

Effective

Barangay Peace Keeping Operation

2.39

Less Effective

Anti-Criminality Operations

2.53

Effective

Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services

2.34

Less Effective

Average Weighted Mean

2.52
Effective

Table 9 reflects the summary on the Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Program as
Perceived by Barangay Officials of Tubay, Agusan del Norte. With the highest weighted mean of
2.82 and 2.53 reveals that Police Integrated Patrol System and Anti-Criminality Operations was
effective. However, the lowest weighted mean of 2.39 and 2.34 indicates that Barangay Peace
24

Keeping Operation and Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services was less effective.
The result shows an average weighted mean of 2.52 given by barangay officials that Crime
Intervention Program in Tubay, Agusan del Norte was effective.

Jacob (2011) support the result that in his study, the Philippine National Police is continuing
attempts to improve delivery of basic police services through a more effective crime prevention
program anchored upon police community relationships, thus, will more likely to reveal how
responsive the two-way communication between the police and the community could be firmly
established with the end on view of attaining better peace and order situation in communities.
Several programs had been implemented by the Philippine National Police wherein the
enhancement of police community partnership is the major concern emphasized to bring closer
to the community and the creation of Community-Oriented Policing System.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter summarizes the pertinent aspects of this study. It reflects the findings obtained
and the conclusions derived from data. It also offers some recommendations that emerged as a
result of this investigation.
Summary

The following findings are the results of the interpretation of data:

The investigation revealed that majority of the barangay officials in the study belong to ages 31-
40 years old. As to sex, most of the barangay officials were male. As to years in service, most of
the respondents serve their respective barangays for seven to nine years.

Based on the results, Police Integrated Patrol System and Anti-Criminality Operations were
effective. However, Barangay Peace Keeping Operation and Integrated Area Community Public
Safety Services was less effective.

Lastly, data revealed the level of effectiveness of crime intervention program as perceived by
barangay officials in Tubay, Agusan del Norte was effective to the municipality.

Conclusions

In the light of the findings of this study, the researchers conclude that:

26

Majority of the respondents were in middle ages. Most of the barangay officials were male, and
majority of the barangay officials in the Municipality of Tubay have much experience in service.

The crime intervention program implemented by Tubay Police Station was effective in terms of
police integrated patrol system, barangay peacekeeping operation, anti-criminality operation,
and integrated area community public safety services. It is effective as perceived by barangay
officials in the municipality of Tubay, Agusan del Norte.

Recommendations

Based on the conclusion of the study, the researchers recommended the following:

Barangay Officials. Barangay officials must always support the implementation of crime
intervention programs on their respective areas. They must cooperate to the police officers
who were assigned to their vicinities and also cooperate with the people in the community.

Police officers. Police officers are encouraged to undertake trainings which would enhance their
capabilities in the actual operations.
Future Researchers. A further study may be conducted by the future researchers to explore
more variables which are not included in the present study.

27

REFERENCES

Sun, I.,

& Chu, D.

(2008). Gender differences

in

policing: An analysis of Taiwanese

officers'

attitudes.

Police Practice and Research, 9

, 431-443.

Sun, I.,

& Chu, D.

(2008). Gender differences

in

policing: An analysis of Taiwanese

officers'

attitudes.

Police Practice and Research, 9

, 431-443.
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& Chu, D.

(2008). Gender differences

in

policing: An analysis of Taiwanese

officers'

attitudes.

Police Practice and Research, 9

, 431-443.

Baula, L. (2019). Crime prevention and safety measures. Madison Ave, New

York: British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data.

Bodhe, J. & Jankar, S. (2013, April 3). effectiveness of police officers. Retrieved

from https://www.ijcmas.com/7-1 2018/

Bradley, R. (2013, August 7). Public Expectations and Perceptions of Policing.

Retrieved from
https://whatworks.college.police.uk/Research/overview/Documents/WW_overview_Visible_pa
trol.pdf

Bravo, A. (2017, September 10). Vigan City police holds info drive on crime

prevention. Retrieved from https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1000163

Kappeler, V. E. & Gaines, L. K. (2012, July 11). Community Policing: A

Contemporary Perspective. Retrieved from

https://www.academia.edu/301710881

Lersch, K. (2011, January 7). Space, time and crime. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267051_Space_time_and_crime

Navarro, T. (2017, January 6). Agusan Norte crime rate continues to drop.

Retrieved from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1011087

Patrick J. Curran Bengt O. Muthén (01 August 2011). Latent Curve Analysis to Testing
Developmental Theories in Intervention. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022137429115

Ray, J. (2010). Why old people believe: Age, sex, and conservatism. Political

Psychology, 6, 525-528.

Sumad-On, D. (2020). Effectiveness of barangay Tanod in crime prevention in

central Region of Angadanan, Isabela. Isabela Department, 7, 21-43.

Sun, I., & Chu, D. (2010). Gender differences in policing: An analysis of

Taiwanese officers' attitudes. Police Practice and Research, 9, 431-443.

U.S. Department of Justice (2016, August 2). Coordinated Law Task Force

Locally. Retrieved from https://www.ovcttac.gov/taskforceguide/eguide/2-

forming-a-task-force/21-advantages-of-a-task-force/

28
Ray, J.

(1985). Why old

people believe: Age,

sex,

and conservatism.

Political Psychology

, 525-528

APPENDIX A

Letter Requests

LETTER OF REQUEST

March 03, 2020

Mayor Fidel E. Garcia

Office of the Mayor,

Municipality of Tubay Agusan Del Norte

Dear Mayor Fidel E. Garcia

Good Day!

We are a 3rd year students of Bachelor of Science in Criminology, conducting a criminological

research and Statistics on "Level of Effectiveness of Crime Intervention Programs as Perceived
by Barangay Officials of Tubay, Agusan del Norte".
We would like to conduct a personal interview and survey questionnaire among the personnel
of this Barangay in your convenient time. All the information will be treated with utmost
confidentiality.

We look forward for your kind consideration regarding this matter.

Thank you very much.

Respectfully yours,

Adolf John T. Panis

Jaymar Dela Cruz

Norjames E. Galia

Noted and Approved by:

Approved:

Esmeralda M. Castillon, MSCJ Mayor Fidel E. Garcia

Research Instructor

Municipal Mayor

29

APPENDIX B

SURVEY QUESTIONAIRE

1. Please fill-up the blank regarding your profile.

Name(Optional):

Age: Sex:

21-30 years old

Male Female

31-40 years old

41-50 years old

51-60 ears old

Years in Service:

1-3 years

3-6 years

6-9 years

10-above

1. Put the Check mark( ) to the column B that corresponds to your answer.

Legend:

4 – very effective

3 – effective

2 – less effective

1– ineffective

30

Column A Column B

INDICATORS

4
3

1. Police Integrated Patrol System

Police Visibility/Presence.

Beat/Foot Patrolling.

Mobile Patrolling.

INDICATORS

2. Barangay Peace Keeping Operation

Barangay Peacekeeping Action Teams (BPATs).

Re-organization and Retraining of Barangay Tanods.

Organization of Crime/Drug Watch At Barangay level.

INDICATORS

3. Anti-Criminality Operations

Campaign Against Illegal Drugs.

Campaign Against Illegal Gambling.

Campaign Against Illegal Possession of Firearms.

INDICATORS

4. Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services

Creation of Special Task Force to counter the proliferation of all kinds of illegal activities.

Conduct dialogues and seminars regarding crime prevention for all sectors including
government employees.

Intensify campaign for the empowerment of the youth (i.e. Sport, culture & arts, summer job,
skills enhancement, educational assistance) and likewise for the rehabilitation of those who are
hooked to illegal activities.