Study of Compounds - Ammonia

A. State one observation for the following:

(i) When ammonia gas is burnt in an atmosphere of excess oxygen.
(ii) Excess of chlorine gas is reacted with ammonia gas.
(iii) Ammonia is passed through copper oxide.
(iv) Excess of ammonia is passed through an aqueous solution of lead nitrate.
(v) A piece of moist red litmus paper is placed in a gas jar of ammonia.
(vi) Neutral litmus solution is added to an alkaline solution.
B. Name the gas in each of the following:
(i) This gas is used as a reducing agent in reducing copper oxide to copper.
(ii) The gas produced when excess ammonia reacts with chlorine.
(iii) An alkaline gas A which gives dense white fumes with hydrogen chloride.
(iv) The gas that can be oxidised to sulphur.
(v) A gas which dissolves in water to give alkaline solution
(vi) An oxidising agent which does not contain any oxygen.
(vii) Warming ammonium sulphate with sodium hydroxide solution.
(viii) Gas burns in oxygen with a greenish yellow flame.
C. Give reasons:
(i) Liquid ammonia is used as a refrigerant in ice plants.
(ii) Ammonia is used as a cleaning agent.
(iii) Ammonia solution is used as a laboratory reagent to identify metal ions.
(iv) Ammonia is present in sewage water.
(v) Solution of ammonia in water contains hydroxide ions.
(vi) Though ammonium nitrate readily gives nitrogen on heating, a mixture of ammonium chloride and
sodium nitrate in water is heated to prepare nitrogen in the laboratory.
(vii) Ammonia cannot be collected over water.
D. Write balanced equation for the following:
(i) Catalytic oxidation of Ammonia.
(ii) Reduction of hot copper(II) oxide to copper using ammonia gas.
(iii) Ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst.
(iv) Magnesium nitride is treated with warm water.
(v) Aluminium nitrate and water.
(vi) Ammonia is oxidised by a gas which is not oxygen.
(vii) Ammonia is passed through lead oxide.
(ix) A mixture of ammonium chloride and slaked line is heated.
(x) Ammonium chloride is warmed with sodium hydroxide solution.
(xi) Ammonium chloride is warmed with concentrated sulphuric acid.
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E. Choose the most appropriate answer for each of the following:
(i) Which of the following reaction gives copper as a product:
(a) Passing dry ammonia over heated copper oxide.
(b) Adding dilute hydrochloric acid to copper oxide
(c) Heating copper oxide
(d) passing dry ammonia over heated copper oxide?
(ii) Ammonia can be obtained by adding water to:
(a) Ammonium chloride (b) Ammonium nitride (c) Magnesium nitride (d) Magnesium nitrate
(iii) Ammonium nitrate is used :
(a) in lining vessel (b) as a smelling salt (c) in preparing explosives (d) in textile industry
(iv) Liquid NH3 is employed in refrigerator because:
(a) it is more basic (b) it is stable hydride (c) it is high dipole moment (d) it has high heat of
evaporation
(v) With excess of chlorine, NH3 forms:
(a) NH4Cl (b) NCl3 (c) NOCl (d) N2
(vi) Ammonia is a soluble in water because it is :
(a) a polar molecule (b) an acid (c) a base (d) simple covalent compound
(vii) Nessler’s regent is an alkaline solution of:
(a) KHgI2 (b) KHgI4 (c) K2HgI2 (d) K2HgI4
(viii) Catalytic oxidation of ammonia is carried out at a temperature of :
(a) 800oC (b) 600oC (c) 900oC (d) 1200oC
(ix) Nitrogen used in Haber’s process is obtained from:
(a) Fractional distillation of air (b) Bacterial decomposition of nitrogen
(c) Decomposition of nitrates (d) Decomposition of nitrides
Very short answer type
1. Some word/words are missing in the following statement. You are required to rewrite the statement in the
correct form using the appropriate word/words :
Magnesium nitride reacts with water to liberate ammonia.
2. What is laboratory bench regent?
3. Explain why dry or liquid ammonia is neutral to litmus.
4. State the purpose of liquefying the ammonia produced in Haber’s process.
5. Explain why tap water is not used to prepare a solution of silver nitrate in the laboratory?
6. Write the equation or the reaction in the Haber’s process that forms ammonia.
7. What is Nessler’s reagent ? What test does it give with ammonium salts?
8. Why is a acidic drying agent not used for drying ammonia?
9. How does solubility of ammonia very with temperature?
10. How will you separate ammonia from uncombined N2 and H2?
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Short answer type
1. Write balanced chemical equation for each of the following:
(i) When excess of ammonia is treated with chlorine.
(ii) An equation to illustrate the reducing nature of ammonia.
2. What would you observe when water is added to the product formed, when aluminium is burnt in jar of
nitrogen Gas.
3. Why is the catalyst chamber (in the formation f ammonia) provided with heat exchanges?
4. (i) Of the two gases, ammonia and hydrogen chloride, which is more dense? Name the method of
collection of this gas.
(ii) Give one example of reaction between the above two gases which produces a solid compound.
5. What are the product formed when ammonium chloride is mixed with sodium nitrate and the mixture is
heated? Also give chemical equation.
6. Why ammonium hydroxide is used in qualitative analysis? Give two equations to justify your answer.
7. Give two evidences to show that the solution of ammonia in water contains hydroxide ions.
Short answer type
1. Give balanced chemical equation for each of the following:
(i) Laboratory preparation of ammonia using an ammonium salt.
(ii) Reaction of ammonia with excess chlorine. (iii) Reaction of ammonia with sulphuric acid.
2. Copy and complete the following table relating to important industrial process. Output refer to the product
of the process and not the intermediate steps:

Name of the process Inputs Catalyst Equation for catalyst reaction Output
Haber’s process Hydrogen + Nitrogen

3. (i) Calculate the percentage of nitrogen in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). [H = 1, N = 14, O = 16]
(ii) Under what condition do nitrogen and hydrogen combine to form ammonia?
(iii) State one large scale use of ammonia.
4. List the properties of ammonia that make it:
(i) A good refrigerant (ii) A cleaning agent (iii) As a source of hydrogen
5. (i) Name the method used for obtaining ammonia on large scale.
(ii) What is the actual ratio of the reactants?
(iii) The temperature used is 450oC. Explain why?
(a) A lower temperature is not used? (b) A higher temperature is not used?
6. Choose the correct word or phrase from the brackets to complete the following sentences and write
balanced equation for the same.
(i) Ammonium chloride is a soluble salt prepared by _______(precipitation, neutralisation)
(ii) When ammonium chloride is heated, it undergoes ________(thermal decomposition, thermal
dissociation)
(iii) Heating ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide produces – (ammonia, nitrogen)
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7. Industrially ammonia is obtained by direct combination between nitrogen and hydrogen.
(i) Write the correct balanced equation for the direct combination of nitrogen with hydrogen.
(ii) Which metal catalyse this direct combination?
(iii) What favours the formation of ammonia: the use of high pressure or low pressure?
Long answer type
1. The following question are based on the preparation of ammonia gas in the laboratory:
(i) Explain why ammonium nitrate is not used in the preparation of ammonia.
(ii) Name the compound normally used as a drying agent during the process.
(iii) How is ammonia gas collected?
(iv) Explain why it is not collected over water.
2. The diagram shows an experimental set up for the laboratory preparation of a pungent smelling gas.
The gas is alkaline in nature. Laboratory preparation of a pungent smelling gas

(i) Name the gas collected in the jar.

(ii) Write the balanced equation for the above preparation.
(iii) How is the gas being collected?
(iv) Name the drying agent used.
(v) How will you find that the jar is full of gas?
3. From the list given below, select the word(s) required to correctly complete the blanks (i) to (v) in the
following passage. Note: Words chosen from the list are to be used only once. Write only the answers. Do
not copy the passage. [reddish brown, ammonium, nitrogen dioxide, hydroxyl, dirty green, ammonia,
acidic, alkaline]
Nitrogen and hydrogen combine in the presence of a catalyst to give (i)_______ gas. When the above
mentioned gas is passed through water it forms a solution which will be (ii) _______ in nature and the
solution contains (iii)_____ ions and (iv) ________ ions. The above solution when added to iron sulphate
solution gives (v) ______ coloured precipitate of iron hydroxide.
4. The question below are related to the manufacturing of ammonia.
(a) Name the process
(b) In what ratio must the reactants be taken?
(c) Name the catalyst used.
(d) Give the equation for the manufacturing of ammonia.
(e) Ammonia can cat as a reducing agent, write a relevant equation for such a reaction.
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5. (i) Write the equation for the formation of ammonia by the action of water on magnesium nitride.
(ii) How is ammonia collected?
(iii) Why is ammonia not collected over water?
(iv) Which compound is normally used as a drying agent for ammonia?
(v) How would you distinguish between Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions using ammonium hydroxide solution?
6.

(i) What is the ratio of reactants taken in this process? Why higher weight of ammonium chloride is
taken?
(ii) Why conc. sulphuric acid or anhydrous CaCl2 is not used for drying ammonia?
(iii) Can you use ammonium nitrate in the above reaction? If not why?
(iv) The reaction mixture is gently heated. Why high temperature is not used?
(v) Give two reasons why ammonia s collected by downward displacement of air.
7. (i) Which property of ammonia is depicted in above diagram?
(ii) What is taken is combustion tube?
(iii) Enlist your observation tube is (i) CuO (ii) PbO. (Also give equations)
(iv) Give the function of cold water.

8. Ammonia is manufactured by Haber’s process.

(i) Under what condition dot he reactants combine to form ammonia? Give a balanced equation for the
reaction.
(ii) In what ratio by volume, are the above gases used?
(iii) What is the function of : (a) Finely divided iron, (b) Molybdenum in the above process?
(iv) Mention two possible ways by which ammonia produced is removed from unchanged gases.