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    This document discusses vulnerability assessment. It defines vulnerability as conditions that adversely affect a community's ability to deal with hazards. A vulnerability assessment identifies elements at risk for different hazards and analyzes the underlying causes of risk. Vulnerabilities can be physical/material, social/organizational, or motivational/attitudinal. The document provides examples of each type and tools for assessment like interviews, mapping, drama, and ranking. It emphasizes that vulnerability is location-specific, dynamic, and linked to poverty. The assessment should examine coping strategies and how vulnerability has changed over time.

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    This document discusses vulnerability assessment. It defines vulnerability as conditions that adversely affect a community's ability to deal with hazards. A vulnerability assessment identifies elements at risk for different hazards and analyzes the underlying causes of risk. Vulnerabilities can be physical/material, social/organizational, or motivational/attitudinal. The document provides examples of each type and tools for assessment like interviews, mapping, drama, and ranking. It emphasizes that vulnerability is location-specific, dynamic, and linked to poverty. The assessment should examine coping strategies and how vulnerability has changed over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    30 views46 pages

    Vulnerability Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Wahab
    This document discusses vulnerability assessment. It defines vulnerability as conditions that adversely affect a community's ability to deal with hazards. A vulnerability assessment identifies elements at risk for different hazards and analyzes the underlying causes of risk. Vulnerabilities can be physical/material, social/organizational, or motivational/attitudinal. The document provides examples of each type and tools for assessment like interviews, mapping, drama, and ranking. It emphasizes that vulnerability is location-specific, dynamic, and linked to poverty. The assessment should examine coping strategies and how vulnerability has changed over time.

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    of 46

    Vulnerability Assessment

    By,
    USMAN ILYAS
    Assistant Professor
    University of Management & Technology, Lahore
    Vulnerability
    A set of prevailing or
    consequent
    conditions which
    adversely affect the
    community ability to
    prevent, mitigate,
    prepare for or
    respond to hazard
    event
    Vulnerability Assessment
    A process to
    identify what
    elements are at
    risk per hazard
    type, and to
    analyze the root
    causes of why
    these elements
    are at risk
    Categories of Vulnerability

    • Physical / Material

    • Social /
    Organizational

    • Motivation /
    Attitudinal
    Physical / Material Vulnerability

     Hazard-prone location of
    community houses,
    farmlands, infrastructure,
    basic services
     Design and construction
    materials of houses and
    buildings
     Insecure and risky sources
    of livelihood
    Physical / Material Vulnerability
    • Lack of access and control over means of production (land,
    farm inputs, animals, capital)
    • Inadequate economic fallback mechanisms
    • Dependence on money-lenders
    • Occurrence of acute or chronic food shortage
    • Lack of adequate skills and educational background
    • High mortality rates, malnutrition, occurrence of diseases,
    insufficient caring capacity
    • Over exploitation of natural resources
    Physical / Material Vulnerability

    • Lack of basic services:


    education, health, safe
    drinking water, shelter,
    sanitation, roads,
    electricity,
    communication
    • Exposed to violence
    (domestic, community
    conflicts ,civil conflicts
    or war)
    Social / Organizational Vulnerability
    • Weak family
    • Lack of leadership and initiative to solve problems
    or conflicts
    • Exclusion of certain groups from decision-making
    about community life or unequal participation in
    community affairs

    • Absence or weak community organizations.


    Social/Organizational Vulnerability

    • Conflicts: ethnic, class,


    beliefs, caste, ideology

    • No or neglected relationship
    with government,
    administrative structures

    • Isolated from outside world


    Motivational / Attitudinal Vulnerability

    • Negative attitude towards change


    • Passivity, fatalism, hopelessness, dependency
    • Lack of initiative or “fighting spirit”
    • Dependence on external support
    Tools for capacity and vulnerability
    assessment
     Semi-structured interviews
     Hazard and vulnerability map
     Community drama
     Transect walk
     Seasonal calendar
     Institutional / social network analysis
     Problem tree
     Ranking
    32
    Problem Tree

    33
    Ranking

    34
    Transect Walk
    • Walking systematically in the community through the
    area and discussing on various aspects of that area.
    • Select a transect line (more than one)
    • Team with 6-10 community members
    • Systematic Walk with key informants through the
    community to explore land use zones by observing,
    asking ,listening, informal interviews and producing a
    transect diagram
    • Identify danger zones, vulnerable areas , evacuation
    sites, local resources used during emergency, human
    activities contributing to vulnerability etc.
    35
    Seasonal Calendar

    36
    Social and Institutional Analysis
    • Identify various government, non government
    and private organizations working in the field of
    DM
    • Understand their role, importance, interest and
    capabilities.
    Social and Institutional Analysis
    Some Guidelines for Conducting Vulnerability
    and Capacity Assessment
    1. Vulnerability is a complex web of interlinked conditions
    and factors so the Vulnerability Assessment framework
    must be simple enough to be useful, but complex enough
    to capture reality
    2.Vulnerability is specific to locations, sectors, stakeholders,
    etc.
    3. Vulnerability is dynamic and changes through time
    4. Vulnerability and poverty are strongly linked, but are not
    the same
    5. Refer to Secondary Data such a Socio-Economic Profiles,
    Community Profiles and Damage Estimation Studies
    6. Look into coping strategies to understand how people
    have survived disasters and threats through time and if
    coping strategies are still part of capability or vulnerability
    factors 38
    Progression of Vulnerability
    Root Causes Dynamic Pressures Unsafe Conditions

    Lack of entitlement to Rapid population Dangerous location


    resources growth
    Unequal access to War Unprotected
    power infrastructure
    Ideologies Urbanization Low and unstable
    incomes
    Political and Weak local markets Weak institutional
    economic systems structures for public
    action
    Epidemics Disease
    40
    41
    Vulnerability Assessment (Hazard Specific)
    Setting Elements At Effects on Different Characteristics of EARs
    Risk (EAR) EARs That Contribute to
    Vulnerability
    Urban People Injured, died, Age, Gender, physical
    starvation, trauma health,
    Social, economic &
    demographic
    Buildings Partial damage/fully Construction materials,
    (houses, others) damage design, location, height

    Infrastructure Partial damage/full Size, height/depth, design,


    (roads, bridges, damage materials, level of exposure
    telecommunicat
    ions, electricity)
    Industry Damage to building, size, type of products, type
    products, raw of raw material,
    materials,
    machinery, (labor,
    management)
    Vulnerability Assessment (Hazard Specific)
    Setting Elements At Effects on Different EARs Characteristics of EARs
    Risk (EAR) That Contribute to
    Vulnerability
    Rural Crops and Destroyed, put on fire, Height, water dependent
    fodder / non-dependent

    Environment Damage to vegetation, Terrain type, nature of


    harm to flora and fauna, flora and fauna
    damage to water ways,
    mountains, etc
    Land Erosion, salinity, deposits, Location, elements of soil,
    desertification, terrain

    Irrigation Deposit of silt, breaking Location, design,


    system of channels, damage to construction materials
    machinery (tube-wells,
    tractor)
    Animals Injured, died, disease, Location, characteristics
    of specie, health
    Vulnerability Assessment (Hazard Specific)
    Nam Child No of No of Elder No of Hous Age of Katcha No of
    e of ren child female people handic e the /Packa stories
    the unde ren living in with ap hold house /Semi in the
    fami r 05 livin the more person size Pacca house
    ly year g in house than s
    hea s the 60
    d hous years
    e
    THANKS

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