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KIT111 Data Networks and Security
KIT111 Data Networks and Security
KIT111
Data Networks and Security
Lecture 1
Introduction
2
Agenda
Unit Introduction
Staff
Unit Content
Assessment
Networks Introduction
TCP and OSI Models
3
Unit Coordinator
Dr Mira Park
Main contact point for problems
Sets content and assessments
Contact
Room: Hobart, Centenary 464
E-Mail: [email protected]
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Lecturers
Mira Park
Hobart
Tony Gray
Launceston
E-Mail: [email protected]
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Tutors
In addition to the lecturers we also have tutors
Launceston
Hobart
David Herbert: [email protected]
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Course Resources
Unit Content
This unit will obviously focus on networks. But in doing this it will
have two main focal points in that broad area
Networks and how they work
Theory in Lectures (Week 1 through Week 8)
Practical in the Lab (Week 2-13) –
Programming routers and switches
Observing traffic
Security (Week 9 through 12)
Network Security Infrastructure
Cryptography and Protocols
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Practicals
Practical Enrollment
You need to enrol into a practical class
Academic Integrity
Unit Resources
Texts
Checklist
Attend lectures - They aren’t optional!
Lecture Recordings
Lectures are recorded each week and available through MyLO
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Questions?
Introduction to Networking
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Starting Point
Communications networks are built for a purpose: there should
always be a business reason driving development
Network Architecture
Desirable attributes of a network
Fault tolerance
Scalability
Quality of Service
Security
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Networks
A Network is …
A group of computers connected together to permit the (rapid) transfer
of information between them
Networks vs Internet
The Internet is
A global network connecting millions of computers.
A network of networks.
Constantly growing.
Constantly changing.
The largest source of information in the world.
The biggest marketing machine since the telephone.
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Networks vs Internet
The Internet is a network of otherwise incompatible networks.
It joins together many LANs and WANs into a single network.
“The Internet allows computers to communicate and be
connected together based on a set of agreed upon
standards that a computer must use to be understood.”
Protocol
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Networks vs Internet
The Internet is a network of otherwise incompatible networks.
It joins together many LANs and WANs into a single network.
“The Internet allows computers to communicate and be
connected together based on a set of agreed upon
standards that a computer must use to be understood.”
Standards
Essential for interoperability
De facto: in widespread use but not officially approved
De jure: legislated by an officially recognised body
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Standards Organizations
Major International Organizations
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T)
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Electronic Industries Association (EIA)
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Standards Organizations
Forums
Test, evaluate, standardize
Present results to standards bodies
Regulatory Agencies
Government regulation
Fair trading…
Internet standards
Internet draft (working document)
The Request For Comment (RFC)
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Network Network
Communications Link
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TCP/IP Model
Layer 4: Application
Layer 3: Transport
Layer 2: Internet
Concerned with all the details in the OSI physical and data link
layers
IP serves as a universal
protocol that allows any
computer, anywhere, to
communicate at any time
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Encapsulation
e.g. http
Application A Data
Encapsulation
From Application Layer
Application
Encapsulation
The internet or network layer protocol is IP.
Application IP adds its header to the TCP-PDU.
The IP addresses of the source and destination
computers are in this header
Transport
TCP Data TCP Data
Internet
IP TCP Data IP TCP Data
Encapsulation
The network access layer adds a header and
Application a trailer. The header contains the physical
addresses of source and destination computers.
The trailer contains an error check sequence.
Transport
The Network Access PDU is referred to as a
frame and is finally transmitted
Internet
IP TCP Data
OSI Model
Developed by the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)
To address the problem of network incompatibility
Research based on existing networks
E.g. DECNet, SNA, TCP/IP
Released in 1984
Lost the market battle to TCP/IP
Application
Presentation
• Reduce Complexity
Session • Standardised interface
• Facilitates modular engineering
Transport • Ensures interoperable technology
• Accelerates evolution
Network • implifies teaching and learnig
Data Link
Physical
Protocol
convention/ agreement/ standards / set of rules
what is communicated
how it is communicated (e.g. message formats)
when it is communicated (e.g. message sequencing
Interface
interface = vertical standards/ same system
Architecture
overall standard
protocols + layers + interfaces
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Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
47
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
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Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
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Oversees both error control and flow control between source and
Presentation
Session
destination Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
50
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
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Application
Determines which device can transit when multiple devices are connected to Session
Network
Data Link
Physical
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Bits must be encoded into signals that are compatible with the Session
Data Link
Physical
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1
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
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Each layer
is having a
logical
conversation
with its
counterpart.
This ensures
coordinated
operation.
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