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Definition of Eduction
Definition of Eduction
Gregorio
BSN-1B
LOGIC-1:50-3:20
Definition of Eduction
Eduction is an immediate inference. It refers to different ways of stating a fact and it has four
types.
4 Types of Eduction
> Conversion
> Obversion
> Contrasposition
> Inversion
Conversion grounds an immediate inference for both E and I propositions That is, the
converse of any E or I proposition is true if and only if the original proposition was true. Thus,
in each of the pairs noted as examples either both propositions are true or both are false.
Steps for Conversion: Reversing the subject and the predicate terms in the premise.
Valid Conversions
Convertend Converse
Obversion is an inference formed by changing the quality of a proposition and replacing the
predicate term by its complement. Obversion is valid for any standard form Caregorical
proposition.
Obversion is the only immediate inference that is valid for categorical propositions of every
form. In each of instances, the original proposition and its obverse must have exactly the
same truth-value, wether it turns out to be true or false.
Replace the quality of the given statements. That is, if affirmative, change it into negative,
and if negative, change it into affirmative.
Obverted Obverse
A: All S is P. E: No S is P
E: No S is P A: All S is non-P
I: Some S is P O: Some S is not non-P
O: Some S is not a P No converse
contraposit – new
contraponed- original
A: Every S is P.
A: Every non-P is non-S
I: Many Filipinos are philosophers.
Obvert the S. Converse – O – Many philosophers are not non-Filipinos. Not all philosophers
are non-Filipinos.
C: Contrapose the obverse of the S. Converse – O – Many Filipinos are not non-philosophers.
Inversion is the formulation of a new proposition whose subject is the contradictory of the
original subject.
Kinds of Inversion
a. Partial Inversion
b. Complete Inversion
– A to O
– E to I
1. Convert
2. Obvert
3. Convert
4. Obvert
– A to I
– E to O
Partial Inversion Example