Battery Fusion 7094

PHEV Battery Testing Results
2013 Ford Fusion Energi - VIN 7094
Vehicle Details and Battery Specifications¹‫ގ‬²

Vehicle Details
Base Vehicle: 2013 Ford Fusion Energi VIN: 3FA6P0PU1DR297094
Architecture: Plug-In Hybrid Electric
Battery Specifications
Manufacturer: Panasonic Rated Pack Energy/Capacity: 7.6 kWh / 26.0 Ah
Type: Lithium-ion Min/Max Cell Voltage: 3.00/4.20 V
Number of Cells: 84 Pack weight: 272 lb
Nominal Cell/System Voltage: 3.7/310.8 V Thermal Management: Active - Forced Air
¹ Vehicle details and battery specifications were either supplied by the manufacturer or derived from a literature review
² For full vehicle specifications, see the Baseline Performance Testing Results for this vehicle
Battery Laboratory Test Results Summary

Measured CD CS
Measured Average Usable Usable
Vehicle Average Energy Energy Energy
Test Odometer Date of Capacity Capacity Margin³ Margin³
Number (Miles) Test (Ah) (kWh) (Wh) (Wh)
Baseline 4,916 4/7/2014 25.3 7.8 370.0 370.0
ICD 1
ICD 2
ICD 3
End-of-Test
³ The CD and CS Usable Energy margins are defined as the difference between the battery usable energy values obtained from testing and the
corresponding targets as defined in the Battery Test Manual for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles. A negative margin value indicates performance below
the target, however it does not necessarily indicate any deficiency in the performance of the battery as it was designed to operate by the vehicle
manufacturer.
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Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity
PHEV Battery Test Results Analysis

Battery test results include those from the Static Capacity Test and the Hybrid Pulse Power
Characterization (HPPC) Test, based on test procedures from the United States Advanced Battery
Consortium Battery Test Manual For Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles at the time of testing. These tests
were performed for the US Department of Energy Vehicle Technology Office’s Advanced Vehicle
Testing Activity which is conducted by the Idaho National Laboratory and Intertek Testing Services,
North America.
Static Capacity Test Results

The Static Capacity Test measures the charge and energy capacities of the battery between maximum and
minimum pack voltages when discharged at a constant current calculated to approximate a 10 kW
discharge rate.Ї Pack voltage versus capacity discharged during the Static Capacity Test is shown in
Figure 1. Three iterations of the Static Capacity Test are performed at each interval, and the average
results from each interval test are shown in the test results summary table on page 1.
Figure 1. Voltage versus capacity discharged during the static capacity test
Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization Test Results

The HPPC test is performed to characterize the discharge and charge pulse power capability of the
battery at each 10-percent depth-of-discharge interval. Numerical results derived from the HPPC test
results are summarized in the table on page 1, including comparison of the measured results to the United
States Advanced Battery Consortium goals for PHEV batteries. The results from these tests are in
relation to the targets for a Medium PHEV Battery, having an equivalent electric range of 20 miles.
Ї Discharge rate is determined by taking the average of the maximum and minimum voltage values for a particular pack and dividing
that value into 10 kW, per the PHEV manual. For this vehicle, the value is 10kW / 302.4 V = 33.07 A.
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Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the battery charge and discharge calculated pulse resistance, which indicate internal
resistance at each 10-percent depth-of-discharge interval.
Figure 2. Ten-second charge pulse resistance versus capacity discharged
Figure 3. Ten-second discharge pulse resistance versus capacity discharged
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Figure 4 shows the battery’s 10-second charge and discharge pulse power capabilities as a function of
energy discharged. The Medium PHEV battery target performance goals of 37 kW discharge power and
25 kW charge power are shown as a dashed line. Note that the axes are scaled such that the charge and
discharge pulse power goals align.
Figure 4. Discharge and charge power capability versus energy discharged
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Figure 5 shows the charge-depleting (CD) and charge-sustaining (CS) Usable Energy curves, calculated
using the methods from the PHEV battery test manual. The curves indicate the Usable Energy as a
function of discharge power. The two dotted horizontal lines show the USABC Medium PHEV battery
Available Energy goals for CS and CD modes of 0.3 kWh and 5.8 kWh, respectively. The dotted vertical
line shows the Medium PHEV battery CS power target of 37 kW. CS and CD Available Energies are
defined as the Usable Energy points, on the y-axis, where each respective curve crosses the discharge
power goal line. CS Available Power is defined as the discharge power point, on the x-axis, where the CS
Usable Energy curve crosses the CS energy goal line.
Figure 5. Usable energy versus power
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Battery Fusion 7094

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PHEV Battery Testing Results

2013 Ford Fusion Energi - VIN 7094

Vehicle Details and Battery Specifications¹‫ގ‬²

Battery Laboratory Test Results Summary

PHEV Battery Test Results Analysis

Static Capacity Test Results

Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization Test Results

Figure 2. Ten-second charge pulse resistance versus capacity discharged

Figure 3. Ten-second discharge pulse resistance versus capacity discharged

Figure 4. Discharge and charge power capability versus energy discharged

Figure 5. Usable energy versus power

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