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Exercise (S-1) : HCV Worked Out Examples (Chapter No. 8 - 1,4,6,7)
Exercise (S-1) : HCV Worked Out Examples (Chapter No. 8 - 1,4,6,7)
2. A body of mass 2 kg initially at rest moves under the action of an applied horizontal force of 7 N on a
table with coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.1. Compute the
(a) work done by the applied force in 10 s,
(b) work done by friction in 10 s,
(c) work done by the net force on the body in 10 s,
(d) change in kinetic energy of the body in 10 s, and interpret your results.
3. A body constrained to move along the z-axis of a coordinate system is subject to a constant force F
given by F iˆ 2ˆj 3kN
ˆ where ˆi, ˆj, kˆ are unit vectors along the x-, y- and z-axis of the system
respectively. What is the work done by this force in moving the body a distance of 4 m along the z-axis
4. A particle of mass 2kg moves on a smooth horizontal plane under the action of a single force
F (3 ˆi 4 ˆj) newton. Under this force it is displaced from (0,0) to (–1m, 1m). Find the work done by
F (in Joule)
5. A point mass of 0.5 kg is moving along x-axis as x = t2 + 2t, where, x is in meters and t is in seconds.
Find the work done (in J) by all the forces acting on the body during the time interval [ 0, 2s]
6. A sleeve of mass 2 kg at origin can move on wire of parabolic shape x2 = 4y. Two forces F1 and F2 are
applied on the sleeve. F1 is constant and is in x-direction. F2 is constant in direction and magnitude. Body
is displaced from origin to x=4, then net work done by F1 and F2 is
F1 =6N
F2 F2 =8N
30°
x
F1
(0,0)
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7. A particle of mass m is taken from position A to position B along the circular path by a force F , where
magnitude of F is constant (| F |) & is always directed towards point B. What will be the work done by
the force F ? Here radius of track is R.
R B
90°
F
m
A
8. A body of mass 2 kg is kept on a rough horizontal surface as shown in the figure. Find the work done by
frictional force in the time interval t = 0 to t = 5 sec.
10N
10N
30°
2 kg
=0.5
9. A particle is subject to a force Fx that varies with position as in figure. Find the work done by the
force on the body as it moves
F (N) x
(a) from x = 0 to x = 5.00 m,
(b) from x = 5.00 m to x = 10.0 m, and 3
(c) from x = 10.0 m to x = 15.0 m. 2
1
(d) What is the total work done by the force x(m)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
over the distance x = 0 tox = 15.0 m?
10. The net fore exerted on a particle acts in the +x direction. Its magnitude increases linearly from zero at
x = 0, to 24.0 N at x = 3.0 m. It remains constant at 24.0 N from x = 3.0 m to x = 8.0m and then
decreases linearly to zero at x = 13.0 m. Determine the work done to move the particle from x = 0 to
x = 13.0.
x(m)
t(s)
0 2 4 6
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13. A point object of mass 2 kg is moved from point A to point B very slowly on a curved path by applying
a tangential force on a curved path as shown in figure. Then find the work done by external force in
moving the body. Given that s = 0.3, k = 0.1. [g = 10 m/s2]
20m
A 10m 5m B
h h
200m
14. A 4 kg particle moves along the X-axis. It's position x varies with time according to x(t) = t + 2t3, where
x is in m and t is in seconds. Compute:
(i) The kinetic energy at time t.
(ii) The force acting on the particle at time t.
(iii) The power delivered to the particle at time t.
(iv) The work done on the particle from t = 0 to t = 2 seconds.
15. The elevator E has a mass of 3000 kg when fully loaded and is connected as
shown to a counterweight W of mass 1000 kg. Determine the power in kilowatts
delivered by the motor
(a) when the elevator is moving down at a constant speed of 3 m/s, W
E
(b) when it has an upward velocity of 3 m/s and a deceleration of 0.5 m/s2.
M
16. A block is released from rest from top of a rough curved track as shown in figure. It comes to rest at
some point on the horizontal part. If its mass is 200 gm, calculate negative of work by friction is joules.
2m
17. Power applied to a particle varies with time as P = (3t2 – 2t +1) watt, where t is in second. Find the
change in its kinetic energy between time t = 2 s and t = 4 s.
18. A small block of mass m is lying at rest at point P of a wedge having a smooth semicircular track of
radius R. The minimum value of horizontal acceleration a0 of wedge so that mass can just reach the
point Q, is
Q
a0 P
19. A rain drop of radius 2 mm falls from a height of 500 m above the ground. It falls with decreasing
acceleration (due to viscous resistance of the air) until at half its original height, it attains its maximum
(terminal) speed, and moves with uniform speed thereafter. What is the work done by the gravitational
force on the drop in the first and second half of its journey ? What is the work done by the resistive force
in the entire journey if its speed on reaching the ground is 10 m s–1 ?
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20. A 1 kg block situated on a rough incline is connected to a spring of spring constant 100 N m–1 as shown
in figure. The block is released from rest with the spring in the unstretched position. The block moves
10 cm down the incline before coming to rest. Find the coefficient of friction between the block and the
incline. Assume that the spring has a negligible mass and the pulley is frictionless.
k=100 N/m
1 kg
37°
21. A block of mass m is held at rest on a smooth horizontal floor. A light frictionless, small pulley is fixed at
a height of 6 m from the floor. A light inextensible string of length 16 m, connected with A passes over the
pulley and another identical block B is hung from the string. Initial height of B is 5m from the floor as
shown in Fig. When the system is released from rest, B starts to move vertically downwards and A slides
on the floor towards right.
B
6m
A 5m
(i) If at an instant string makes an angle with horizontal, calculate relation between velocity u ofA and
v of B.
(ii) Calculate v when B strikes the floor.
22. For what minimum value of m1 the block of mass m will just leave the contact with surface ?
m1
K
23. A mass m slides from rest at height h down a smooth curved surface which becomes horizontal at zero
height (see figure). A spring is fixed horizontally on the level part of the surface. The spring constant is
k N/m. When the mass encounters the spring it compresses it by an amount x = h/10. If m = 1 kg, h = 5m
then find k /100.
m
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24. A sleeve of mass m = 10 kg can slide on a straight vertical smooth rod. The sleeve is connected to a
spring of spring constant k = 1000 N/m, whose other end is connected to a fixed support as shown in
figure. The sleeve is released when the spring is horizontal and relaxed. Find the speed in SI units of the
sleeve when it descends a distance of 40 cm. (Use g = 10m/s2)
30 cm.
25. In the figure shown, pulley and spring are ideal. Find the potential energy stored in the spring (m1 > m2).
m2
m1
26. The potential energy (in joules) function of a particle in a region of space is given as :
U = (2x2 + 3y3 + 2z)
Here x, y and z are in metres. Find the magnitude of x component of force (in newton) acting on the
particle at point P (1m, 2m, 3m).
27. The potential function for a conservative force is given by U = k( x + y). Find the work done by the
conservative force in moving a particle from the point A(1, 1) to point B (2, 3).
28. The P.E. of a particle oscillating on x-axis is given as U = 20 + (x – 2)2 here U is in Joules & x is in meters.
Total mechanical energy of particle is 36 J
(i) Find the mean position
(ii) Find the max. K.E. of the particle
29. A particle is given a certain velocity v at point P as shown on a hemispherical smooth surface. The value
of v in m/s, such that particle when reaches Q the normal reaction of surface is equal to particle's weight,
is [R = 1.6 m, g = 10 m/s2]
v Q
P R
60°
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30. A skier starts from rest at the top of a hill. The skier coasts down the hill and up a second hill, as the
drawing illustrates. The crest of the second hill is circular, with a radius of r = 36 m. Neglect friction and
air resistance. What must be the height h(in m) of the first hill so that the skier just loses contact with the
snow at the crest of the second hill?
31. The given graph is a potential energy function in one dimension. The total energy of particle is indicated
by cross on the ordinate axis. The graph of figure-1 is given as an example.From the figure-1, it can be
interpreted that for the given total energy indicated by cross on the ordinate axis the particle cannot be
found in the Region : x > a. Now, for the following potential functions in one dimensions, specify the
regions, in which the particle cannot be found for the energy marked as E on graphs.
U(x)
V0
E
a x
(Figure-1)
U(x)
U(x) U(x)
V0
V0
V0 E
(Graph-1) (Graph-2) E
(Graph-3) a a x
E b 2 2 b
a b x 2 2
a b c d x
32. A ball is attached to a horizontal cord of length L whose other end is fixed, (a) If the ball is released,
what will be its speed at the lowest point of its path ? (b) A peg is located a distance h directly below
the point of attachment of the cord. If h = 0.75 L, what will be the speed of the ball when it reaches the
top of its circular path about the peg ?
14
33. One end of a string of length m is fixed and a mass of 1 kg is tied to the other end. The ball is
9
given a velocity 2 g at the bottom most point as shown in figure. The string is cut when the ball
22
becomes horizontal. Find the distance (in m) travelled till it stop for the 1st time (Take = ).
7
2 g
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EXERCISE (S-2)
1. Water is pumped from a depth of 10 m and delivered through a pipe of cross section 10–2 m2 upto a
height of 10 m. If it is needed to deliver a volume 0.2 m3 per second, find the power required.
[Use g = 10 m/s2]
2. A ring of mass m can slide over a smooth vertical rod. The ring is connected to a spring of force constant
4mg
K= where 2R is the natural length of the spring. The other end of the spring is fixed to the ground
R
at a horizontal distance 2R from the base of the rod. The mass is released at a height of 1.5R from
ground
(i) calculate the work done by the spring.
(ii) calculate the velocity of the ring as it reaches the ground.
3R/2
A
2R
3. The ends of spring are attached to blocks of mass 3kg and 2kg. The 3kg block rests on a horizontal
surface and the 2kg block which is vertically above it is in equilibrium producing a compression of 1cm
of the spring. The 2kg mass must be compressed further by at least _______, so that when it is
released, the 3 kg block may be lifted off the ground.
2kg
3kg
(i) What will be the magnitude of the friction force when its x length (< L) lies in the rough part during
sliding.
(ii) Determine the minimum velocity v0 with which it must enter so that it lies completely in rough region
before coming to rest.
(iii) If the velocity is double the minimum velocity as calculated in part (a) then what distance does its
front end A would have travelled in rough region before rod comes to rest.
U
5. A particle is confined to move along the +x axis under the action of a force
F(x) that is derivable from the potential U(x) =ax3–bx. x x
O 1
(ii) When the total energy of the particle is zero, the particle can be trapped with in the interval x=0 to
x=x1. For this case find the values of x1.
(iii) Determine the maximum kinetic energy that the trapped particle has in its motion. Express all answers
in terms a and b. At what value of x will the kinetic energy be maximum ?
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6. Two trains of equal masses are drawn along smooth level lines by engines; one of then X exerts a
constant force while the other Y works at a constant rate. Both start from rest & after a time t both again
have the same velocity v. Find the ratio of travelled distance during the interval.
7. A light string ABCDE whose mid point is C passes through smooth rings B and D, which are fixed in a
horizontal plane distance 2a apart. To each of the points A, C and E is attached a mass m. Initially C is
held at rest at O (mid point BD) and is then set free. What is the distance OC when C comes to
instantaneous rest? 2a
B D
C
A E
8. A ring of mass m slides on a smooth vertical rod. A light string is attached to the ring and is passing over
a smooth peg distant a from the rod, and at the other end of the string is a mass M (M>m). The ring is
2mMa
held on a level with the peg and released. Show that it first comes to rest after falling a distance 2
M m2
a
m
=0
M
9. In figure two identical springs, each with a relaxed length of 50 cm and a spring constant of 500 N/m, are
connected by a short cord of length 10 cm. The upper string is attached to the ceiling, a box that weighs
100N hangs from the lower spring. Two additional cords, each 85 cm long, are also tied to the assembly;
they are limp (i.e. slack).
(i) If the short cord is cut, so that the box then hangs from the springs and the two longer cords, does
the box move up or down?
(ii) How far does the box move before coming to rest again?
10. A 650-kg elevator starts from rest. It moves upward for 3.00 s with constant acceleration until it reaches
its cruising speed of 1.75 m/s.
(i) What is the average power of the elevator motor during this period?
(ii) How does this power compare with its power when it moves at its cruising speed?
11. A car’s engine can deliver 90kW of power. The car’s mass is 1000kg. Assume the total resistive force
is proportional to the velocity: |Ffriction| = v. The drag coefficient is = 100Ns/m. Car can maintain
on a level road a maximum speed of _____________ m/s?
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EXERCISE (O-1)
1. A force of magnitude of 30 N acting along ˆi ˆj kˆ , displaces a particle from point (2, 4, 1) to (3, 5, 2).
The work done during this displacement is
(A) 90 J (B) 30 J (C) 30 3 J (D) 30 / 3 J
2. The work done in joules in increasing the extension of a spring of stiffness 10 N/cm from 4 cm to 6 cm
is:
(A) 1 (B) 10 (C) 50 (D) 100
3. A rope is used to lower vertically a block of mass M by a distance x with a constant downward acceleration
g/2. The work done by the rope on the block is :
1 1
(A) Mgx (B) Mgx² (C) – Mgx (D) Mgx²
2 2
4. In the figure shown all the surfaces are frictionless, and mass of the block, m = 1 kg. The block and
wedge are held initially at rest. Now wedge is given a horizontal acceleration of 10 m/s2 by applying a
force on the wedge, so that the block does not slip on the wedge. Then work done by the normal force
in ground frame on the block in 3 seconds is :
10m/s2
m
M
(A) 30J (B) 60 J (C) 150 J (D) 100 3 J
5. A particle is moved from (0, 0) to (a, a) under a force F (3iˆ 4ˆj) from two paths. Path 1 is OP and
path 2 is OQP. Let W1 and W2 bethe work done by this force in these two paths. Then :
y
P(a,a)
45°
O x
Q
(A) W1 = W2 (B) W1 = 2W2 (C) W2 = 2W1 (D) W2 = 4W1
6. A bicyclist comes to a skidding stop in 10 m. During this process, the force on the bicycle due to the road
is 200N and is directly opposed to the motion. The work done by the cycle on the road is
(A) + 2000J (B) – 200J (C) zero (D) – 20,000J
7. A body of mass 0.5 kg travels in a straight line with velocity v = ax3/2 where a = 5 m–1/2s–1. The work
done by the net force during its displacement from x = 0 to x = 2 m is
(A) 1.5 J (B) 50 J (C) 10 J (D) 100 J
8. A man who is running has half the kinetic energy of the boy of half his mass. The man speeds up by
1 m/s and then has the same kinetic energy as the boy. The original speed of the man was
(A) 2 m/s (B) ( 2 1) m/s (C) 2 m/s (D) ( 2 1) m/s
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9. A mass of 5 kg is moving along a circular path of radius 1 m. If the mass moves with 300 revolutions per
minute, its kinetic energy would be
(A) 250 2 (B) 1002 (C) 52 (D) 0
10. In the figure, a block slides along a track from one level to a higher level, by moving through an intermediate
valley. The track is frictionless untill the block reaches the higher level. There a frictional force stops the
block in a distance d. The block's initial speed v0 is 6 m/s, the height difference h is 1.1 m and the
coefficient of kinetic friction µ is 0.6. The value of d is
=0.6
v0
h
=0
11. A particle moves on a rough horizontal ground with some initial velocity say v0. If 3/4 of its kinetic energy
is lost in friction in time t0 then coefficient of friction between the particle and the ground is
v0 v0 3v0 v0
(A) 2gt (B) 4gt (C) 4gt (D) gt
0 0 0 0
12. A block of mass m is hung vertically from an elastic thread of force constant mg/a. Initially the thread was
at its natural length and the block is allowed to fall freely. The kinetic energy of the block when it passes
through the equilibrium position will be :
(A) mga (B) mga/2 (C) zero (D) 2mga
13. A block of mass m is attached with a massless spring of force constant k.The block is placed over a
3
rough inclined surface for which the coefficient of friction is . The minimum value of M required to
4
move the block up the plane is : (Neglect mass of string and pulley and friction in pulley)
M
m
37°
3 4 3
(A) m (B) m (C) 2m (D) m
5 5 2
14. A body is initially at rest. It undergoes one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration. The power
delivered to it at time t is proportional to
(A) t1/2 (B) t (C) t3/2 (D) t2
15. A body is moving unidirectionally under the influence of a source of constant power. Its displacement in
time t is proportional to
(A) t1/2 (B) t (C) t3/2 (D) t2
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16. Assume the aerodynamic drag force on a car is proportional to its speed. If the power output from
theengine is doubled, then the maximum speed of the car.
(A) is unchanged (B) increases by a factor of 2
(C) is also doubled (D) increases by a factor of four.
17. Two inclined frictionless tracks, one gradual and the other steep meet at A from where two stones
areallowed to slide down from rest, one on each track as shown in figure. Which of the following
statement is correct? A
I II
h
1 2
B C
(A) Both the stones reach the bottom at the same time but not with the same speed.
(B) Both the stones reach the bottom with the same speed and stone I reaches the bottom earlier than
stone II.
(C) Both the stones reach the bottom with the same speed and stone II reaches the bottom earlier than
stone I.
(D) Both the stones reach the bottom at different times and with different speeds.
18. Track OABCD (as shown is figure) is smooth and fixed in vertical plane. What minimum speed has to be
given to a particle lying at point A, so that it can reach point C?
B
140m
D
320m
C
O
A
(A) 60 m/s (B) 100 m/s (C) 70 m/s (D) 80 m/s
19. In a shotput event an athlete throws the shotput of mass 10 kg with an initial speed of 1m/s at 45° from
a height 1.5 m above ground. Assuming air resistance to be negligible and acceleration due to gravity to
be 10 m/s2 , the kinetic energy of the shotput when it just reaches the ground will be
(A) 2.5 J (B) 5.0 J (C) 52.5 J (D) 155.0 J
20. In the figure shown, the system is released from rest. Find the velocity of block A when block B has fallen
a distance ' '. Assume all pulleys to be massless and frictionless.
A m P
m B
g
(A) (B) g (C) 5g (D) None of these
5
21. When a conservative force does positive work on a body
(A) the potential energy increases (B) the potential energy decreases
(C) total energy increases (D) total energy decreases
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22. A particle is released from rest at origin. It moves under influence of potential field U = x2 – 3x , kinetic
energy at x = 2 is
(A) 2 J (B) 1 J (C) 1.5 J (D) 0 J
23. A wedge of mass M fitted with a spring of stiffness 'k' is kept on a smooth horizontal surface. A rod of
mass m is kept on the wedge as shown in the figure. System is in equilibrium. Assuming that all surfaces
are smooth, the potential energy stored in the spring is:
m
k
M
8
U(Joule)
3.5 4.5
1 2 3 4 5
x(meter)
(A) zero (B) 1 ms–1 (C) 2 ms–1 (D) 3 ms–1
25. In the figure shown the potential energy (U) of a particle is plotted against its position 'x' from origin.
Then which of the following statement is correct. A particle at : U
(A) x1 is in stable equilibrium
(B) x2 is in stable equilibrium
(C) x3 is in stable equilibrium
O x x x x
(D) None of these 1 2 3
26. As a particle moves along the x–axis it is acted upon by a conservative force. The potential energy is
shown below as a function of the coordinate x of the particle. Rank the labelled regions according to the
magnitude of the force, least to greatest.
U(x)
x
A B C D
(A) AB, BC, CD (B) AB, CD, BC (C) BC, CD, AB (D) BC, AB, CD
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27. A small block slides down from rest at point A on the surface of a smooth circular cylinder, as shown. At
point B, the block falls off (leaves) the cylinder. The equation relating the angles 1 and 2 is given by
A
B
2
1
2 3 2 3
(A) sin 2 sin 1 (B) sin 2 sin 1 (C) cos 2 cos 1 (D) cos 2 cos 1
3 2 3 2
28. A particle of mass m is released from point A on smooth fixed circular track
in vertical plane as shown. If the particle is released from rest at t = 0, then
R O
A
variation of normal reaction N with () angular displacement from initial m
position is –
N N N N
29. A particle is given an initial speed u inside a smooth spherical shell of radius R = 1 m that it is just able
to complete the circle. Acceleration of the particle when its velocity is vertical is -
R
u
31. Which of the following statements is TRUE for a system comprising of two bodies in contact exerting
frictional force on each other :
(A) total work done by static friction on whole system is always zero.
(B) work done by static friction on a body is always zero
(C) work done by kinetic friction on a body is always negative
(D) total work done by internal kinetic friction on whole system is always negative
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32. A particle of mass m is at rest in a train moving with constant velocity with respect to ground. Now the
particle is accelerated by a constant force F0 acting along the direction of motion of train for time t0. A girl
in the train and a boy on the ground measure the work done by this force. Which of the following are
INCORRECT?
(A) Both will measure the same work
(B) Boy will measure higher value than the girl
(C) Girl will measure higher value than the boy
(D) Data are insufficient for the measurement of work done by the force F0
33. A smooth track in the form of a quarter circle of radius 6 m lies in the vertical plane. A particle movesfrom
P1 to P2 under the action of forces F1 , F2 and F3 . Force F1 is always toward P2 and is always 20N in
magnitude. Force F2 always acts horizontally and is always 30 N in magnitude. Force F3 always acts
tangentially to the track and is of magnitude 15 N. Select the correct alternative(s)
O 6m P2
6m F1
F3
P1 F2
(A) work done by F1 is 120 J (B) work done by F2 is 180 J
(C) work done by F3 is 45 (D) F1 is conservative in nature
A B
Column I Column II
(A) Velocity of A immediately before any one of them strike ground. (P) 1
(B) Velocity of B immediately before any one of them strike ground. (Q) 2
(C) Ratio of work done by gravity on A to workdone by gravity on B. (R) 3
(D) Acceleration of block A before any one of them strike ground. (S) 4
(T) 5
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35. A block of mass m is released from top of a smooth track as shown in the figure. The end part of the
track is a circle in vertical plane of radius R. N is normal reaction of the track at any point of the track.
Match the entries of column I with entries of column–II.
h C
Column I Column II
(A) h = 5/2 R (P) Net force on the block at C is mg
(B) h = 9/2 R (Q) NA – NB = 6 mg
(C) h=R (R) Block leaves contact before B
(D) h = 2R (S) Block will keep contact with the track is region between A & B.
(T) NC > mg
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EXERCISE (O-2)
1. A light spring of length 20 cm and force constant 2 N/cm is placed vertically on a table. A small block of
mass 1 kg falls on it. The length h from the surface of the table at which the block will have the maximum
velocity is :
(A) 20 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 10 cm (D) 5cm
2. A particle of mass m is suspended from a fixed point O by a string of length . At t=9 s, it is displaced
from equilibrium position and released. The graph, which shows the variation of the tension T in the string
with time 't', may be at the equilibrium, it changes with change in velocity of the particle.
T T T T
3. As shown in the figure, a man pushes forward on the compartment which is accelerating uniformly to the
left. If the man stays at rest relatively to the compartment, which of the following is correct?
A L N B
h h
Fixed Fixed
J l K M 2l O
Statement I : Kinetic energy of 'A' on sliding to J will be greater than the kinetic energy of B on falling
to M.
Statement II : Acceleration of 'A' will be greater than acceleration of 'B' when both are released to slide
on inclined plane.
Statement III : Work done by external agent to move block slowly from position B to O is negative
(A) statement I is true (B) statement II is true
(C) statement I and III are true (D) statement II and III are true
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MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
5. A particle of mass 2 kg is projected with an initial speed u = 10 m/sec at an angle = 30° with the
horizontal
(A) The magnitude of work done on the particle during the first half of the total time of flight of the
particle is 25J.
(B) The magnitude of work done on the particle during the total time of flight of the particle is 0 J.
(C) The magnitude of average power delivered to the particle during the first half of the flight is 50 watt.
(D) The radius of curvature of the trajectory of the particle at the highest point of the projectile is 7.5m.
6. A particle is shifted from A to B and then from B to C where A, B and C are the midpoints of the
corresponding faces of a cube of side 2m. If a force F (3iˆ 4ˆj 5k)N
ˆ is continuously acting on the
particle, then select correct alternative is
y
B
O x
A
z
(A) work done from A to B is 7 J (B) work done from B to C is 1 J
(C) work done A to C is 8 J (D) force F , is conservative force
5 x2 y2 ˆ
(A) F 2r 3 rˆ (B) F rˆ (C) F ˆ
i j (D) F yiˆ xjˆ
r y x
9. A particle of mass m = 1 kg lying on x–axis experiences a force given by law F=x(3x–2) Newton, where
x is the x–coordinate of the particle in meters. The points on x–axis where the particle is in equilibrium
are :
(A) x = 0 (B) x = 1/3 (C) x = 2/3 (D) x = 1
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Paragraph for Question 10 & 14
A block of mass m is kept in an elevator which starts moving downward with an acceleration a0 as
shown in figure. The block is observed by two observers A and B for a time interval t0.
A a0
Due to low salary & degradation in health of camel, Shyam becomes worried and meet his friend Ram
and discusses his problem. Ram collected some data & with some assumptions concluded the following:
(i) The load used in each trip is 1000 kg and has friction coefficient k = 0.1 and s = 0.2.
(ii) Mass of camel is 500 kg.
(iii) Load is accelerated for first 50 m with constant acceleration, then it is pulled at a constant
speed of 5m/s for 2 km and at last stopped with constant retardation in 50 m.
(iv) From biological data, the rate of consumption of energy of camel can be expressed as
P=18×103 v+104 J/s where P is the power and v is the velocity of the camel. After calculations
on different issues Ram suggested proper food, speed of camel etc. to his friend. For the
welfare of Shyam, Ram wrote a letter to the management to increase his salary.
(Assuming that the camel exerts a horizontal force on the load) :
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15. Sign of work done by the camel on the load during parts of motion : accelerated motion, uniform
motion and retarted motion respectively are :
(A) +ve, + ve, +ve (B) +ve, +ve, – ve (C) +ve, zero, – ve (D) +ve, zero, +ve
16. The ratio of magnitude of work done by camel on the load during accelerated motion to retarded
motion is :
(A) 3 : 5 (B) 2.2 : 1 (C) 1 : 1 (D) 5 : 3
18. The ratio of the energy consumed of the camel during uniform motion for the two cases when it
moves with speed 5 m/s to the case when it moves with 10 m/s.
19 19 10 20
(A) (B) (C) (D)
20 10 19 19
19. The total energy consumed of the camel during the trip of 2100 m is
(A) 2.1 × 106 J (B) 4.22 × 107 J (C) 2.22 × 104 J (D) 4.22 × 106 J
Paragraph for Question 20 & 21
An object of mass M is gently placed on a horizontal conveyor belt, which is moving with uniform
velocity vo as shown in the figure. The coefficient of static friction is s, the coefficient of kinetic friction
is k, and the acceleration of gravity is g. Initially the object slips for a while but finally moves without
slipping together with the belt.
20. How far the conveyor belt moves while the object is slipping?
vo2 v 2o v2o v 2o
(A) (B) (C) (D)
kg 2 k g s g 2s g
21. Work done on the object by friction force relative to the reference frame moving with the conveyer belt
is
1 2 1 2
(A) Mv o (B) Mv o (C) Mv2o (D) zero
2 2
Paragraph for Question 22 to 24
The vertical bar and it’s supporting base illustrated has a combined mass of M. At the m
lower end of the bar there is a spring of natural length l0=16 cm attached to the base
plate. The small bead of mass m=0.1 kg can slide down on the bar without friction. When
the bead is carefully placed onto the spring at equilibrium, the spring is compressed by
M
x0=2 cm. (g = 10 m/s2)
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23. At what height h from base should the bead be released, so that the spring should compressed by 8 cm?
(A) 20 cm (B) 24 cm (C) 40 cm (D) 35 cm
24. Let us assume that in previous question during impact the bead gets glued (attached) to the free end of
the spring. What is the minimum mass M needed to prevent the support from jumping up?
(A) 0.2 kg (B) 0.15 kg (C) 1.5 kg (D) 0.3 kg
Column I Column II
(A) Work done by normal reaction acting (P) positive
on the block is
(B) Work done by normal reaction (exerted (Q) negative
by block) acting on wedge is
(C) The sum of work done by normal reaction (R) zero
on block and work done by normal
reaction (exerted by block) on wedge is
(D) Net work done by all forces on block is (S) less than mgh in magnitude
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EXERCISE (JM)
1. If a body loses half of its velocity on penetrating 3 cm in a wooden block, then how much will it penetrate
more before coming to rest? [AIEEE 2002, 4/300]
(1) 1 cm (2) 2 cm (3) 3 cm (4) 4 cm
2. A spring of force constant 800 N/m has an extension of 5cm. The work done in extending it from 5cm to
15cm is 800 N/m
[AIEEE 2002, 4/300]
(1) 16 J (2) 8 J (3) 32 J (4) 24 J
3. A spring of spring constant 5 × 103 N/m is stretched initially by 5 cm from the unstretched position. Then
the work required to stretch it further by another 5 cm is : [AIEEE 2003, 4/300]
(1) 12.50 N-m (2) 18.75 N-m (3) 25.00 N-m (4) 6.25 N-m
4. A uniform chain of length 2 m is kept on a table such that a length of 60 cm hangs freely from the edge of
the table. The total mass of the chain is 4 kg. What is the work done in pulling the entire chain on the
table?
[AIEEE 2004, 4/300]
(1) 7.2 J (2) 3.6 J (3) 120 J (4) 1200 J
5. A force F (5iˆ 3jˆ 2k)
ˆ N is applied over a particle which displaces it from origin to the point
r (2iˆ ˆj) m . The work done on the particle in joules is :
[AIEEE 2004, 4/300]
(1) – 7 (2) + 7 (3) + 10 (4) + 13
6. A body of mass m is accelerated uniformly from rest to a speed v in a time T. The instantaneous power
delivered to the body as a function of time, is given by : [AIEEE 2005, 4/300]
mv 2 mv 2 2 1 mv 2 1 mv 2 2
(1) .t (2) .t (3) .t (4) .t
T2 T2 2 T2 2 T2
7. A particle of mass 100 g is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 5 m/s. the work done by the force
of gravity during the time the particle goes up is [AIEEE 2006, 1.5/180]
(1) – 0.5 J (2) –1.25 J (3) +1.25 J (4) 0.5 J
8. A ball of mass 0.2 kg is thrown vertically upwards by applying a force by hand. If the hand moves 0.2 m
while applying the force and the ball goes upto 2 m height further, find the magnitude of the force.
Consider g = 10 m/s2 [AIEEE 2006, 3/180]
(1) 22 N (2) 4 N (3) 16 N (4) 20 N
9. A particle is projected at 60º to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest
point is
[AIEEE 2007, 3/120]
(1) K (2) zero (3) K/4 (4) K/2
10. An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated
to be in the range [AIEEE 2008, 3/105]
5 5
(1) 2 × 10 J – 3 × 10 J (2) 20,000 J – 50,000 J
(3) 2,000 J – 5,000 J (4) 200 J – 500 J
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11. At time t = 0s a particle starts moving along the x-axis. If its kinetic energy increases uniformlywith time
‘t’, the net force acting on it must be proportional to : [AIEEE 2011 ]
1
(1) constant (2) t (3) (4) t
t
12. This question has Statement-1 and Statement-2. Of the four choices given after the statements,
choose the one that best describes the two statements. [AIEEE-2012]
If two springs S1 and S2 of force constants k1 and k2, respectively, are stretched by the same force, it is
found that more work is done on spring S1 than on spring S2.
Statement-1: If stretched by the same amount, work done on S1, will be more than that on S2
Statement-2 : k1 < k2
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true and Statement-2 is not the correct explanation of Statement-1.
(2) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true and Statement-2 is the correct explanation of statement-1.
13. When a rubber-band is stretched by a distance x, it exerts a restoring force of magnitude F = ax + bx2
where a and b are constants. The work done in stretching the unstretched rubber-band by L is:-
[JEE-Main-2014]
15. A point particle of mass, moves along the uniformly rough track PQR as shown in the figure. The
coefficient of friction, between the particle and the rough track equals . The particle is released, from
rest, from the point P and it comes to rest at a point R. The energies, lost by the ball, over the parts,
PQ and PR, of the track, are equal to each other, and no energy is lost when particle changes direction
from PQ to QR. The values of the coefficient of friction and the distance x(=QR) are, respectively
close to :-
[JEE MAIN - 2016]
P
h=2M
30° R
Horizontal Q
Surface
(1) 0.29 and 6.5 m (2) 0.2 and 6.5 m (3) 0.2 and 3.5 m (4) 0.29 and 3.5 m
16. A body of mass m = 10 kg is moving in a medium and experiences a frictional force F = –kv2. Its initial
–2
1
speed is v0 = 10 ms–1. If, after 10 s, its energy is mv 20 , the value of k will be :-
8
[JEE Main - 2017]
–4 –1 –1 –1 –1 –3 –1 –3 –1
(1) 10 kg m (2) 10 kg m s (3) 10 kg m (4) 10 kg s
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17. A time dependent force F = 6t acts on a particle of mass 1 kg. If the particle starts from rest, the work
done by the force during the first 1 sec. will be : [JEE Main - 2017]
(1) 9J (2) 18 J (3) 4.5 J (4) 22 J
18. A particle is moving with a uniform speed in a circular orbit of radius R in a central force inversely
proportional to the nth power of R. If the period of rotation of the particle is T, then:
[JEE Main - 2018]
(1) Tµ Rn/2 (2) Tµ R3/2 for any n.
n
(3) T R 2 1 (4) T µ R(n+1)/2
k
19. A particle is moving in a circular path of radius a under the action of an attractive potential U .
2r 2
Its total energy is: [JEE Main - 2018]
3k k k
(1) (2) (3) (4) zero
2a 2 4a 2 2a 2
20. A block of mass m, lying on a smooth horizontal surface, is attached to a spring (of negligible mass) of
spring constant k. The other end of the spring is fixed, as shown in the figure. The block is initially at rest
in its equilibrium position. If now the block is pulled with a constant force F, the maximum speed of the
block is : [JEE Main - 2019]
F 2F F F
(1) (2) (3) (4)
mk mk mk mk
21. A force acts on a 2 kg object so that its position is given as a function of time as x = 3t2 + 5. What is the
work done by this force in first 5 seconds ? [JEE Main-2019]
(1) 950 J (2) 875 J (3) 900 J (4) 850 J
22. A block of mass m is kept on a platform which starts from rest with constant acceleration g/2 upward,
as shown in fig. Work done bv normal reaction on block in time t is : [JEE Main-2019]
mg 2 t 2 mg 2 t 2 3mg 2 t 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) 0
8 8 8
23. A particle which is experiencing a force, given by F 3i 12 j , undergoes a displacement of d 4i . If
the particle had a kinetic energy of 3 J at the beginning of the displacement, what is its kinetic energy at
the end of the displacement ? [JEE Main-2019]
(1) 9 J (2) 12 J (3) 10 J (4) 15 J
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24. A particle moves in one dimension from rest under the influence of a force that varies with the distance
travelled by the particle as shown in the figure. The kinetic energy of the particle after it has travelled 3 m
is [JEE Main-2019]
25. A uniform cable of mass ‘M’ and length ‘L’ is placed on a horizontal surface such that its (1/n)th part is
hanging below the edge of the surface. To lift the hanging part of the cable upto the surface, the work
done should be: [JEE Main-2019]
2MgL MgL MgL
(1) nMgL (2) (3) (4)
n2 2n 2 n2
26. A wedge of mass M = 4m lies on a frictionless plane. A particle of mass m approaches the wedge with
speed v. There is no friction between the particle and the plane or between the particle and the wedge.
The maximum height climbed by the particle on the wedge is given by: [JEE Main-2019]
v2 2v 2 2v 2 v2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2g 5g 7g g
27. A 60 HP electric motor lifts an elevator having a maximum total load capacity of 2000 kg. If the frictional
force on the elevator is 4000 N, the speed of the elevator at full load is close to:
(1 HP = 746 W, g = 10 ms–2) [JEE Main-2020]
–1 –1 –1
(1) 1.7 ms (2) 1.9 ms (3) 1.5 ms (4) 2.0 ms–1
28. A particle (m=l kg) slides down a frictionless track (AOC) starting from rest at a point A (height 2 m).
After reaching C, the particle continues to move freely in air as a projectile. When it reaching its highest
point P (height 1 m), the kinetic energy of the particle (in J) is : (Figure drawn is schematic and not to
scale; take g = 10 ms–2). [JEE Main-2020]
29. An elevator in a building can carry a maximum of 10 persons, with the average mass of each person
being 68 kg. The mass of the elevator itself is 920 kg and it moves with a constant speed of 3 m/s. The
frictional force opposing the motion is 6000 N. If the elevator is moving up with its full capacity, the
power delivered by the motor to the elevator (g = 10 m/s2) must be at least :
[JEE Main-2020]
(1) 56300 W (2) 66000 W (3) 62360 W (4) 48000 W
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30. Consider a force F xiˆ yjˆ . The work done by this force in moving a particle from point A(1, 0) to
B(0, 1) along the line segment is : (all quantities are in SI units) [JEE Main-2020]
1 3
(1) 2 (2) (3) 1 (4)
2 2
31. One end of a straight uniform 1 m long bar is pivoted on horizontal table. It is released from rest when it
makes an angle 30° from the horizontal (see figure). Its angular speed when it hits the table is given as
n s –1 , where n is an integer. The value of n is _________ . [JEE Main-2020]
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EXERCISE (JA)
1. In a region of only gravitational field of mass 'M' a particle is shifted from A to B via three different paths
in the figure. The work done in different paths are W1, W2, W3 respectively then
(3) [IIT-JEE 2003]
B C
M
(2)
(1)
A
(A) W1 = W2 = W3 (B) W1 = W2 > W3 (C) W1 > W2 > W3 (D) W1 < W2 < W3
2. A particle is placed at the origin and a force F = kx is acting on it (where k is positive constant). If U(0)=0,
the graph of U(x) versus x will be (where U is the potential energy function) : [IIT-JEE 2004]
U(x)
U(x) U(x) U(x)
3. Statement–I : A block of mass m starts moving on a rough horizontal surface with a velocity v. It stops
due to friction between the block and the surface after moving through a certain distance. The surface is
now tilted to an angle of 30° with the horizontal and the same block is made to go up on the surface with
the same initial velocity v. The decrease in the mechanical energy in the second situation is smaller than
that in the first situation.
and
Statement–II : The coefficient of friction between the block and the surface decreases with the increase
in the angle of inclination. [IIT-JEE 2007]
(A) statement–I is true, statement–II is true; statement–II is a correct explanation for statement–I
(B) statement–I is true, statement–II is true, statement–II is NOT a correct explanation for statement–I
(C) statement–I is true, statement–II is false
(D) statement–I is false, statement–II is true
4. A light inextensible string that goes over a smooth fixed pulley as shown in the figure connects two
blocks of masses 0.36 kg and 0.72 kg. Taking g = 10 m/s2, find the work done (in joules) by the string
on the block of mass 0.36 kg during the first second after the system is released from rest.
[IIT-JEE 2009]
F(t)
5. A block of mass 2 kg is free to move along the x–axis. It is at rest 4N
and from t=0 onwards it is subjected to a time–dependent force
F(t) in the x–direction. The force F(t) varies with t as shown in the
figure.The kinetic energy of the block after 4.5 second is 4.5s
[IIT-JEE-2010] O t
3s
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6. A block of mass 0.18 kg is attached to a spring of force-constant 2 N/m. The coefficient of friction
between the block and the floor is 0.1. Initially the block is at rest and the spring is un-stretched. An
impulse is given to the block as shown in the figure. The block slides a distance of 0.06 m and comes to
rest for the first time. The initial velocity of the block in m/s is V= N/10. Then N is
[IIT-JEE-2011]
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
x ˆi y ˆj
7. The work done on a particle of mass m by a force, K 2 2 3/ 2 2 3/ 2 (K being a
x y x 2
y
constant of appropriate dimensions), when the particle is taken from the point (a, 0) to the point (0, a)
along a circular path of radius a about the origin in the x-y plane is : [IIT JEE-2013]
2K K K
(A) (B) (C) (D) 0
a a 2a
8. A particle of mass 0.2 kg is moving in one dimension under a force that delivers a constant power 0.5 W
to the particle. If the initial speed (in ms–1) of the particle is zero, the speed (in ms–1) after 5s is :
[IIT JEE-2013]
Paragraph for Questions 9 and 10
A small block of mass 1 kg is released from rest at the top of a rough track. The track is a circular arc of
radius 40 m. The block slides along the track without toppling and a frictional force acts on it in the
direction opposite to the instantaneous velocity. The work done in overcoming the friction up to the point
Q, as shown in the figure below, is 150 J. (Take the acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 m s–2)
y [IIT JEE-2013]
R
P
30°
Q R
O x
9. The magnitude of the normal reaction that acts on the block at the point Q is
(A) 7.5 N (B) 8.6 N (C) 11.5 N (D) 22.5 N
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11. Consider an elliptically shaped rail PQ in the vertical plane with OP = 3m and OQ= 4m. A block of mass
1kg is pulled along the rail from P to Q with a force of 18 N, Which is always parallel to line PQ (see the
figure given). Assuming no frictional losses, the kinetic energy of the block when it reaches Q is (n × 10)
joules. The value of n is (take acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms–2) [IIT JEE Adv.-2014]
12. A wire, which passes through the hole in a small bead, is bent in the form of quarter of a circle. The
wire is fixed vertically on ground as shown in the figure. The bead is released from near the top of the
wire and it slides along the wire without friction. As the bead moves from A to B, the force it applies
on the wire is :- [JEE Advanced-2014]
A
13. A particle of mass m is initially at rest at the origin. It is subjected to a force and starts moving along the
x-axis. Its kinetic energy K changes with time as dK/dt = t, where is a positive constant of appropriate
dimensions. Which of the following statements is (are) true ? [JEE Advanced - 2018]
(A) The force applied on the particle is constant
(B) The speed of the particle is proportional to time
(C) The distance of the particle from the origin increases linearly with time
(D) The force is conservative
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14. A particle is moved along a path AB-BC-CD-DE-EF-FA, as shown in figure, in presence of a force
F (yiˆ 2xj)
ˆ N , where x and y are in meter and = –1 Nm–1 . The work done on the particle by
this force F will be _____ Joule. [JEE Advanced-2019]
15. A block of mass 2M is attached to a massless spring with spring-constant k. This block is connected to
two other blocks of masses M and 2M using two massless pulleys and strings. The accelerations of the
blocks are a1, a2 and a3 as shown in the figure. The system is released from rest with the spring in its
unstretched state. The maximum extension of the spring is X0. Which of the following option(s) is are
correct? [g is the acceleration due to gravity. Neglect friction] [JEE Advanced-2019]
4Mg
(1) x0 =
k
x0
(2) When spring achieves an extension of for the first time, the speed of the block connected to
2
m
the spring is 3g
5k
x0
(3) At an extension of of the spring, the magnitude of acceleration of the block connected to the
4
3g
spring is
10
(4) a2 – a1 = a1 – a3
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ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE (S-1)
1. (a) +ve (b) –ve (c) –ve (d) +ve (e) –ve 2. (a) 882 J; (b) –247 J; (c) 635 J ; (d) 635 J;
3. 12 J 4. 1
5. 8 6. 67.7 J
7. FR 2 8. zero
9. (a) 7.5 J (b) 15 J (c) 7.5 J (d) 30 J 10. 216 J
11. 64 J 12. 0
13. 400 J
14. (i) 2 + 24t2 + 72t4 J, (ii) 48 t N, (iii) 48t + 288t3 W, (iv) 1248 J
15. (a) –30 kW, 19.5 kW 16. 4
17. 46 J 18. g
19. 0.082 J in each half : –0.163 J 20. 0.125
40
21. u = v sec , v = m/s 22. m1 = m/2
41
23. 4 24. 2
2m12 g 2
25. 26. 4
k
27. –3k 28. (i) x= 2, (ii) 16 J
29. 4 30. 018
b a a b
31. Graph - 1 : For all x, Graph-2 : x < a & x > b, Graph-3 : kx x & x
2 2 2 2
mgx 5 b 2b b b
4. (i)f ; (ii) g; (iii) 5. (i)F = – 3ax2 + b, (ii) x = , (iii) KEmax = ,x
2 a 3 3 a 3a
6. 3/4 7. 4a/3 9. up, 10 cm 10. (i) 6 × 103 W (ii) 1.1 × 104 W
11. 30
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EXERCISE (O-1)
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. A
11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
16. B 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. A
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D
26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D
31. AD 32. AC 33. BCD
34. (A)Q; (B)P; (C)Q; (D)S 35. (A)QST; (B)QST; (C)P; (D)RT
EXERCISE (O-2)
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. ABCD
6. ABCD 7. ABD 8. ACD 9. AC 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A
16. D 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. C
23. B 24. A 25. (A) Q,S; (B) P,S; (C) R,S; (D) P,S;
EXERCISE (JM)
EXERCISE (JA)
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. 8 5. C
6. 4 7. D 8. 5 9. A 10. B
11. 5 12. D 13. ABD 14. 0.75 15. 4
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