1-How healthy cells become cancerous?

a. What is cancer?

Cancer is a very scary disease. It is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Every
year, thousands of people are diagnosed with cancer and many dies from the disease. The
difference between a normal cell and a cancer cell can be the amount of time that they have to
live. Unfortunately, for the people diagnosed with cancer, there is no doubt that it is not good
to live like this.
 
Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases. The battle against cancer can be very tough
indeed and this is because cancer is a tumour cell that has grown abnormally and is spreading
to various parts of the body. Malignant growth can be caused by the invasion of cancerous
cells into areas of normal tissue. Cancerous cells are known as malignant neoplasia. This term
refers to a tissue that has cancerous characteristics. Common types of malignancies include
leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, rectal cancer, breast cancer, nasal cavity cancer, colon
cancer, gall bladder cancer, melanoma, skin cancer, and colon cancer. Some forms of cancer
can start in any of these issues; however, most often it starts in the neoplastic form.

b. Types of cancers:

There are two types of cancer; The mechanism of formation of cancer cells is similar in both
types.

Spontaneous:

Spontaneous cancers occur without a reason induced cancers are caused due to exposure to
carcinogens, the second type of cancer is known to be the most dangerous. 

c. Difference between a normal cell and a cancer cell

The difference between a normal cell and a cancer cell is the size and number of
chromosomes they carry. Cancer cells, on the other hand, have lost most or all of their
chromosomes. This makes them very different. One characteristic that makes cancer cells
different from normal cells is that they divide quickly. The rate of division of a cancer cell is
10 times faster than that of a normal cell.

Cancerous cells also look differently. They usually begin to form tumours which will then fill
with blood. Cancerous cells have also been known to secrete chemicals that are distinct from
those of normal cells. Cancerous cells also appear to be able to live longer than normal cells.
Studies have suggested that some cancerous cells can live up to 100 years.

There are several characteristics of cancer that make it different from normal cells. First,
cancer cells form tumours in the lining of the organs that they are trying to invade. Second,
they often attack the surrounding healthy tissue before going after the tumour. Third, they
secrete chemicals that are distinct from those of normal cells.
Cancer cells appear to be better at invading and attacking tissues. However, there are also
differences between a cancer cell and a normal cell. Normal cells keep trying to repair
themselves and keep getting new cells from another part of the body. In a cancer cell, the
same thing happens, but it never stops and it never gets new cells. A cancer cell is a problem
that always needs attention. To keep fighting the fight against the disease, the cancer cell has
to attack new cells daily.

d. Reasons:

There are five reasons why normal cells get cancerous, which include, radiation and chronic
diseases. The fifth reason is due to genetic predisposition. Let's see in detail what each of
these 5 reasons is and how they contribute to the growth of cancerous tumours.

i. Gene abnormalities

Gene abnormalities are found in both normal and cancerous cells. A common abnormality
found in cancer is copy number variations, where some genes get altered and cause cancer. In
normal cells, the number of genes that get altered is generally quite fewer and normal growth
is usually very regular. However, in the case of mutation, copy number variations can cause
abnormal growth. It is for this reason that many normal cells turn cancerous.

ii. Exposure to toxins

Toxins and chemicals interfere with the normal growth process. These substances either
increase the rate of growth or change the type of cells that are present. Some chemicals and
toxins have been known to cause spontaneous mutations, which are also known as cancer.
Free radicals and inflammatory agents can cause dysregulation of cell metabolism. These
factors compromise the functions of normal cells and lead to malignant growth.

iii. Environmental contaminants

Exposure to environmental toxins can also cause cancer. This is because the body is not able
to get rid of toxins. Cancerous tumours can be caused by toxic substances either directly or
indirectly. Direct exposure to carcinogens such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, ultraviolet
light, drugs, radiation, and chemicals can cause cancer. Indirect effects include chronic
inflammation, overgrowth of malignant cells, accumulation of abnormal tissue, and
accumulation of genetic abnormalities. Environmental Factors One of the reasons why
normal cells become cancerous is due to external factors. These may include exposure to
certain chemicals, pesticides, or pesticides used by farming, forestry, and petrochemical
industries. Pollution from factories may be another environmental factor that affects cells
around us. We also inherit inherited our skin colour, type of hair, and other traits from our
parents, which may also affect our health and chance of developing cancer.

iv. Mutation in DNA

Cancer has many causes; however, the most common cause is. mutations happen when DNA
is passed from one cell to another, changing its structure or function. This mutation is
commonly referred to as inheritance. It is also possible for cancer to spread from a single cell
through a blood cell or a tissue. When cancer spreads to neighbouring cells or from a cell and
tissue in which it originally formed, the condition is referred to as metastasis.

Human genes are responsible for determining the shape and structure of normal cells and
tissues. Any alteration in DNA, whether it is through disease or natural process, can cause
drastic changes to the cells. Any alterations in DNA may lead to cancer. Cancer cells require
glucose for energy. Cancer can spread rapidly through contact with the air and contact with
the surrounding tissue.

v. Lifestyle Changes

People live very busy lives with very little time to eat properly and exercise. Cancer is more
likely in people with diets high in fat, sugar, and processed foods. Processed foods contain
chemicals that mimic hormones, which may be responsible for encouraging cancer growth.
Obesity, especially in youth, is another lifestyle factor that can increase the risk of developing
cancer.

vi. Stress 

Many things can contribute to an elevated stress level. Cancer is more likely in people who
are stressed out. Lifestyle changes can help reduce or even eliminate the possibility of cancer.

Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases in the world. It is one of the most fatal when it
affects vital organs like the heart, brain, and lung. Cancer has no boundaries; it has no
specific stage and it targets any part of the body from the head to the toes. 

Summary

So, the cancerous cells can destroy the normal composure of life drastically. If you would not
change your lifestyle and the way you act in situations then the pain of cancer will be
immense. You can save yourself from these cell and gene abnormalities through a healthy
lifestyle and prevention from the toxins around you.
2. What Causes a Cell to Become Cancerous?

Unlike bacteria or viruses, which infect the body from the outside, cancer grows in the body's
own cells. The disease begins in the depths of the cell nucleus, in the chromosomes that
contain our genes.
Approximately 21,000 genes in human cells are involved in the process of cell division.
These genes ensure that the distribution sequences occur in a controlled manner so that each
step in the process occurs in the correct sequence, at the right time, with the right bites and at
the right speed, and after a certain number of divisions. The stem dies.
Often a gene cell can become an abnormal one which will hinder its ability to function
properly. Then it can adopt many forms such as:
i. A mutation in which the DNA inside a gene is misspelled.
ii. A duplicate error, with too many or too few copies of the gene
iii. A transcendental location, in which a gene or a fraction of a gene is attached to the
wrong part of the genome.
These mistakes can happen in different ways. In some cases, they can be inherited from
parents. Often, they occur during one's lifetime, as a result of exposure to harmful chemicals
found in tobacco, exposure to too much light from the sun, or mere misfortune. During the
DNA replication process.
A DNA helix

Often, these non-hereditary defects, called so mistic tumors, can be corrected by stem cells.
There are a number of mechanisms for "proof-reading" DNA of cells, to verify that the letters
of the genetic code are in the correct order and to replace them when they are not. When the
genetic de-regulation is so extensive that the cell cannot function normally, or the cell
division is in danger of getting out of control, special genes are ordered to kill the cell for the
good of the whole body.
When these corrections are not made, or when a diseased cell fails to self-destruct, cell
growth and division can begin to be disrupted. As more mutations occur, more and more
aspects of cell life are affected, allowing a cell to grow uncontrollably, invade nearby tissue
and flow to other parts of the body, hiding from the immune system and ending its normal
life. Achieve potential - in effect, can become a cancer stem. This process usually takes years.
Although these mutations give cancer cells the advantage of survival over normal cells, they
also create dependencies - cancer cells literally cannot live without them. Targeting such
variations with specially designed drugs is the biggest area of promise in cancer medicine.
Cancer cells can turn into other normal cells in our body, but there are chances that they will
kill them off before they turn into other cancer cells. This is one of the reasons why people
are advised to have regular exercise and keep a check on their weight. Maintaining a good
diet is also very important. The increased level of oxygen in the body helps in fighting
against cancer cells. People with good levels of fresh air in their living environment are less
likely to get the risk of developing cancer.
If we make an effort to maintain a good healthy body, we can be less likely to get the risk of
getting cancer. Cancer cells are basically caused by the malfunctioning of some organs or
cells in the body. If we maintain good health, we are less likely to suffer from such diseases.
We can see that cancer cells can turn into healthy cells if we take a good care of ourselves.
Regular exercise, a low-fat diet and a healthy lifestyle can help in fighting against cancer. It is
also advisable to take some medicines once in a while to stay away from troubles.
Summary:
There are number of reasons for cells to become cancerous such as abnormal divisions, DNA
malfunctions, and fragile cell tissues. When these lethal conditions combine a cell becomes
cancerous leading to more health-related problems. Nipping the problem in the bud can help to
counteract the spreading of the cancer.

How healthy diet affects your lifestyle? 

A healthy or balanced diet includes all the essential ingredients a human body requires. Chief
ingredients among others are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and some vitamins. A healthy diet
is important for human survival because of the various benefits it offers. 

On the other hand, a diet that lacks one of the above-mentioned components does not help in
the development of a sound body nor a sound mind. 

From proper development of bones to the maintenance of a positive mood, a healthy diet
plays a key role in the human day-to-day lifestyle. 

If you are reading this that means you are eager to know what improvements a healthy diet
makes in our daily life. Some of the effects of a healthy diet on the human lifestyle are as
follows: 

a) Heart health

According to credible sources from the Centers for malady management and interference
(CDC), cardiopathy is that the leading reason of death for adults in the US.

The yank Heart Association (AHA) estimates that ½ all yank adults suffer from some variety
of cardiopathy.

High signs or disorders may well be a growing concern in the US. This condition can cause
heart condition, cardiopathy, and stroke.

Some sources report that life vogue changes like increased physical activity and healthy body
process can forestall up to eightieth of diagnoses of premature cardiopathy and stroke.

The foods that people eat can lower their signs and facilitate keep their hearts healthy.
Dietary Approach to Preventing disorder Diet, mentioned because the Reliable offer of the
DAS Diet includes healthy process low for the middle. The program recommends the
following:

i. Eat several vegetables, fruits, and whole grains

ii. Choice of skim or low-fat dairy product, fish, poultry, beans, nuts, and vegetable oils

iii. Limiting saturated and trans fat intake, like lean meats and full-fat dairy product

b) Limit sweetened drinks and foods

Limit metal intake to however 2300 mg per day – ideally 1500 mg per day and increasing use
of K, Mg, and chemical element

High fibre foods are necessary for keeping the middle healthy.

AAA suggests that dietary fibre helps improve blood cholesterol and reduces the danger of
cardiopathy, stroke, avoirdupois, and type a try of a genetic disorder.

The health profession has long recognized the link between trans fat and cardiopathy, like
coronary cardiopathy.

Limiting positive forms of fats might improve heart health. As AN example, eliminating trans
fats lowers LDL cholesterol levels. This sort of cholesterol causes plaque to form up among
the arteries, which will increase the danger of heart condition and stroke.

Lowering signs might promote heart health. Somebody will do that by limiting their salt
intake to quite one,500 mg per day.

Food processors add salt to many processed and fast foods and anyone World Health
Organization has to lower their sign need to avoid these products.

c) Reduced cancer risk

Eating foods that contain antioxidants will cut back the danger of cancer in humans by
protecting cells from injury.

The presence of free radicals within the body will increase the danger of cancer however
antioxidants facilitate them to cut back the probabilities of this unwellness.

Many phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, cracked and legumes act as antioxidants,
together with carotenoid, carotenoid, and vitamins A, C, and E.
Although human trials square measure inconclusive, laboratory and animal studies have
coupled some antioxidants to a lower incidence of atom injury caused by cancer, in line with
the National Cancer Institute’s Prosody supply.

i. Food high in antioxidants include:

ii. Berries like blueberries and minerals

iii. Deep unifoliate greens

iv. Pumpkins and carrots

v. Nuts and seeds

Obesity will increase the human risk of developing a reliable supply of cancer and worsen the
results. Maintaining a moderate weight will cut back these risks.

In a 2014 study, researchers found that a diet made in fruit reduced the danger of canal
cancer.

They additionally found that a diet made in vegetables, fruits, and fibre reduced the danger
of large intestine cancer, whereas a diet made in fibre reduced the danger of liver disease.

d) Higher mood

Some proof suggests a detailed relationship between diet and mood.

In 2016, researchers found that a high-glycaemic diet may increase the symptoms of
depression and fatigue. High glycaemic load foods embrace several refined carbohydrates,
like soft drinks, cakes, breadstuff, and biscuits. Vegetables, whole fruits, and whole grains
have lower glycaemic masses.

If someone suspects they need symptoms of depression, rebuke a doctor or mental state
skilled will facilitate.

e) Higher internal organ health

The colon is choked with present microorganisms, that play a very important role in
metabolism and digestion.

Some forms of microorganisms additionally manufacture vitamins K and B, that profit the
gut. These sorts additionally facilitate the fight against harmful microorganisms and viruses.

Low in fibre and high in sugar and fat, they increase inflammation during this space by fixing
the internal organ tract.

However, a diet wealthy in vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains provides a mixture
of prebiotics and probiotics that facilitate the nice microorganism to thrive within the gut.
These soured foods area unit wealthy in probiotics:

Fibre is well accessible and is bumper in beans, grains, fruits, and vegetables. It additionally
promotes regular intestine movements, which might facilitate forestall intestine cancer and
body part cancer.

f) Higher memory

A healthy diet will facilitate maintain psychological features and mental state.

A study is known nutrients and foods that defend against psychological feature decline and
dementedness. The researchers found the subsequent beneficial:

i. Vitamin D, Vitamin C, and fat-soluble vitamins.

ii. Omega-three fatty acids

iii. Flavonoids and polyphenols Fish Among alternative foods, the Mediterranean diet
contains several of those nutrients.

iv. Read additional concerning foods to market brain perform here.

Maintaining a moderate weight will facilitate cut back the chance of chronic health issues.
Being overweight or fat may be a risk issue for several conditions, including:

h) Heart sickness

Type two polygenic disease

i. Poor bone density

ii. Some cancer

Many healthy foods, as well as vegetables, fruits, and legumes are unit lower in calories than
most processed foods.

One will confirm their caloric wants mistreatment the rules for Dietary pointers for
Americans 2015–2020 Reliable supply.

Maintaining a healthy diet free from processed foods will facilitate someone keeps among
their daily limits while not watching calorie intake.

Dietary fibre is very necessary for weight management. Plant-based foods area unit wealthy
in dietary fibre, that helps folks regulate their appetency by feeling fuller for extended.

In 2018, researchers found that a diet wealthy in fibre and lean macromolecule resulted in
weight loss while not the necessity to watch calorie intake.
 i) Polygenic disease Management

A healthy diet will facilitate someone with diabetes:

Managing blood sugar levels Keeping vital sign and steroid alcohol among the practice range

Preventing or delaying the complications of polygenic disease

Maintain a moderate weight. Folks with polygenic disease must limit the quantity of food
they eat with further sugar and salt. They ought to additionally take into account avoiding
foods high in saturated and trans fats.

j) Sturdy bones and teeth

A diet with atomic number 20 and atomic number 12 is vital for sturdy bones and teeth.
Keeping bones healthy will cut back the danger of bone issues, like pathology, in later life.

The following foods square measure wealth in calcium:

i. Low fat farm product

ii. Brooklyn

iii. Cabbage

iv. Canned fish with bones

v. Food makers typically fortify grain and plant-based milk with an atomic number of
20.

Magnesium is plentiful in several foods, and a few of the simplest sources embody bowery
greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains.

k) Obtaining an honest night’s sleep

A variety of things, together with apnea, will disrupt sleep patterns.

Sleep apnea happens once the airway closes repeatedly throughout sleep. Risk factors
embody fat, alcoholism, and unhealthy diets.

Reducing the quantity of alcohol and caffeine will facilitate someone gets an honest night’s
sleep, whether or not they have apnea or not.
 l) Next-generation health

Children learn most health behaviours from the adults around them and pass them on to
oldsters World Health Organization set healthy ingestion and exercise habits.

Eating reception also can facilitate. In 2018, researchers found that youngsters World Health
Organization Greek deity frequently with their family’s Greek deity a lot of vegetables and
fewer candied foods than their peers World Health Organization Greek deity less typically
reception.

Besides, youngsters World Health Organization square measure collaborating in home

Quick tips for a healthy diet

There square measure several little, positive ways that to boost your diet, including:

i. Sweeping soft drinks for water and herb tea

ii. Don’t eat meat for a minimum of one day every week

iii. Ensuring each meal consists of concerning five hundredth contemporary turn out

iv. Sweeping cow’s milk for plant-based milk

v. Use whole fruits rather than juices, that square measure low in fibre and sometimes
contain additional sugar

vi. Avoid processed meats, that square measure high in salt and may increase the danger
of internal organ cancer.

vii. Leaner supermolecule foods that folks will notice in eggs, tofu, fish, and wacky

viii. One also can like taking cookery categories and learning the way to add a lot of
vegetables to one’s diet.

Summary

There are number of reasons for cells to become cancerous such as abnormal divisions, DNA
malfunctions, and fragile cell tissues. When these lethal conditions combine a cell becomes
cancerous leading to more health-related problems. Nipping the problem in the bud can help to
counteract the spreading of the cancer. To treat the cancer tissues healthy diet can prove an
unprecedented panacea.
It can’t only increase the strength of the immune system but can also augment the power and
resilience of each cell of human body.

3. How should your gums not look like? 

If you have healthy gums then they should be light pink in colour. If they are red, it is a big sign of
inflammation and gum disease. If they are very dull, this is not necessarily a sign of oral health
problems. However, it can indicate an overall state of health, such as anaemia or vitamin deficiency.

b) Size

Do your gums feel smaller than they used to be? Have you noticed a small bump on your
teeth where your gum line used to be? This is a sign that the gums have shrunk (possibly) due
to disease and that part of the tooth root has been exposed. If the recession becomes severe
enough, you may experience significant tooth sensitivity and possibly tooth loss.

c) Pockets

Healthy gums are firmly attached to the teeth. However, gum disease causes pockets to form
between the gums and the teeth. This can be a lethal one if you will not cure it on time.

d) Texture

Looks like healthy gums and feels quite mature. Harmful health Gums can become soft and
swollen. Often the gums become inflamed if they are irritated by daily food and drink. The
time to worry about inflammation is if it becomes a permanent feature in your mouth; This
means you are more likely to have gum disease. But with proper care you can prevent this.

e) Red or swollen. 

Healthy gums should be pink and strong to the touch, but in the early stages of gum disease
(called gingivitis), they can be read or swollen, even painful. Which is the clear sign of the
gum diseases.

The formation of tooth-based plaque along the gum line is often blamed because the bacteria
in the sticky residue build up houses that cause irritation and infection.
 f) Bleeding 

Bleeding gums after brushing or scalding is a symptom of a gum disease story. Plaque build-
up on the base of the teeth that causes them to become red or swollen can also cause
bleeding.

Better brushing and more dedicated brushing can often sort it out, but it may be best to see a
dentist see if the disease has developed and if it is leading to more serious complications.

g) Excess saliva

Though saliva is essential for the health of your digestive system and the maintenance of the
teeth and gums. But if it will produce in prodigious amount then it can create some disturbing
bacteria which can create the gum diseases.

h) Loose teeth

Untreated, gum disease can easily develop into a more severe condition, called periodontitis
or periodontal disease. Not only can this worsen the symptoms listed above, but it can also
affect your mouth and jawbones, loose teeth that can eventually fall out.

Importance of Healthy Gums

If you've got healthy gums, they'll look sturdy and pink. A number of the symptoms of
unhealthy gums embody redness and swelling, trauma gums and gums once brushing or
losing teeth, that seem to drag far from the teeth. There are a variety of things that may
weaken healthy gums, as well as tobacco use, poor oral hygiene, deficiency disease and poor
immunity thanks to a lot of serious medical issues. additionally, some medications, as well as
bound kinds of antihistamines, degenerates, and painkillers will cause xerostomia, which may
promote gum illness.

It's vital to recollect that healthy gums aren't simply vital for your oral health. Maintaining
healthy gums may also be vital for your overall health. various analysis studies have known
Associate in Nursing association between periodontal disease and different serious chronic
health conditions like polygenic disease and cardiovascular disease. In fact, there are
currently several studies that recommend Associate in Nursing association between gum
illness and cardiovascular disease or stroke.
How to Maintain Healthy Gums

Toothbrush

The toothbrush is extremely important for maintaining the health of your gems. Always go
for the quality instead of brands and styles. This will keep your gems durable, healthy, and
robust for a long time.

Toothpaste

The American Dental Association (ADA) suggests brushing with ADA-approved fluoride
toothpaste. These toothpastes can remove the plaque bacteria from your gum without any
disturbance for you.

Dental Floss

Flossing can be one of the most important things you can do to help prevent gum problems
and keep your gums healthy. There are also types of soft scalps that make it easier to fasten,
so people with sensitive gums can have healthier gums. Another option: inter-dental
instruments such as toothpicks and fasters can be used to clean between teeth and promote
healthy gums.

Mouthwash

You can always use some antiseptic mouthwash to clean your mouth from the lethal and deadly
bacteria which can harm your gums substantially. And mouthwash can offer you benefits such as
whitening, cavity protection or enamel protection.

Gum Stimulator

This equipment will keep your gums healthy, clean, and robust. Through its use you can clean your
gums easily without any manual labor and pain.

Regular dental visits: Regular dental visits are important for healthy gums because the dentist
can quickly identify problems before they become serious. To maintain healthy gums, follow
regular oral care routines of brushing your teeth at least twice a day and losing them once a
day. Some dentists may recommend an antibacterial rinse or mouthwash to help keep healthy
gums safe after treating gum disease.
Summary 
So, keeping gums healthy and save from the plaque bacteria is not as simple task as it may seem to
you. You need to brush with quality toothbrush regular. Moreover, you have to keep them clean
through a moderate and healthy diet.