India Israel Relation

India and Israel Relations:
Ancient relations
• Geographical analysis of Israel suggests that the authors
of Old Testament were talking about India, where the trade
of animals such as monkeys and peacocks existed.
• The trade relations of both communities can be traced back
to 1,000 BCE and earlier to the time of the Indus valley
civilization of the Indian subcontinent and the Babylonian
culture of Middle East.
• A Buddhist story describes Indian merchants
visiting Baveru (Babylonia) and selling peacocks for public
display.
• Judea played a minor role in trade between the Roman
Empire and India during the period of Roman rule in Judea.
• It is known that there were expensive garments in the
Temple in Jerusalem imported from India via Alexandria.
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• india–Israel relations refers to the bilateral ties between

the Republic of India and the State of Israel.
• The two countries have an extensive economic, military,
and strategic relationship.
• India is the largest buyer of Israeli military equipment and
Israel is the second-largest defence supplier to India
after Russia.
• From 1999 to 2009, the military business between the two
nations was worth around $9 billion.
• Military and strategic ties between the two nations extend to
intelligence sharing on terrorist groups and joint military
training.
• As of 2014, India is the third-largest Asian trade partner of
Israel, and tenth-largest trade partner overall.
• In 2014, bilateral trade, excluding military sales, stood at
US$4.52 billion.
• Relations further expanded during Prime Minister Narendra
Modi's administration, with India abstaining from voting
against Israel in the United Nations in several resolutions.
• As of 2015, the two nations are negotiating an extensive
bilateral free trade agreement, focusing on areas such as
information technology, biotechnology, and agriculture.
• According to an international poll conducted in 2009, 58%
of Indians expressed sympathy with Israel, compared with
56% of Americans.
Military and strategic ties

• New Delhi found in the Defense industry of Israel a useful
source of weapons, one that could supply it with advanced
military technology.
• Thus was established the basis of a burgeoning arms trade,
which reached almost $600 million in 2016, making Israel
the second-largest source of defense equipment for India,
after Russia.
• India and Israel have increased co-operation in military and
intelligence ventures since the establishment of diplomatic
relations.
• The rise of Islamic extremist terrorism in both nations has
generated a strong strategic alliance between the two.
• In 2008, India launched a military satellite TecSAR for Israel
through its Indian Space Research Organisation.
Intelligence Sharing
• When the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) was founded
in September 1968 by Rameshwar Nath Kao, he was
advised by then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to cultivate
links with Mossad.
• This was suggested as a countermeasure to military links
between that of Pakistan and China, as well as with North
Korea.
• Israel was also concerned that Pakistani army officers were
training Libyans and Iranians in handling Chinese and North
Korean military equipments.
• Pakistan believed intelligence relations between India and
Israel threatened Pakistani security.
• When young Israeli tourists began visiting the Kashmir valley
in the early 1990s, Pakistan suspected they were disguised
Israeli army officers there to help Indian security forces with
anti-terrorism operations.
• Israeli tourists were attacked, with one slain and another
kidnapped.
• Pressure from the Kashmiri Muslim diaspora in the United
States led to the kidnapped tourist's eventual release.
• Kashmiri Muslims feared that the attacks could isolate the
American Jewish community, and result in them lobbying the
US government against Kashmiri separatist groups
Trade Relation
• Bilateral trade between India and Israel grew from $200
million in 1992 to $5.84 billion in 2018.
• As of 2014, India is Israel's tenth-largest trade partner and
import source, and seventh-largest export source.
• India's major exports to Israel include precious stones and
metals, organic chemicals, electronic equipment, plastics,
vehicles, machinery, engines, pumps, clothing and textiles,
and medical and technical equipment.
• Israel's imports from India amounted to $2.3 billion or 3.2%
of its overall imports in 2014.
• Israel's major exports to India include precious stones and
metals, electronic equipment, fertilisers, machines, engines,
pumps, medical and technical equipment, organic and
inorganic chemicals, salt, sulphur, stone, cement, and
plastics.
• Israeli exports to India amounted to $2.2 billion or 3.2% of
its overall exports in 2014.
• The two countries have also signed a 'Double Taxation
Avoidance Agreement'.
• In 2007, Israel proposed starting negotiations on a free trade
agreement with India, and in 2010, then Indian Prime
Minister Manmohan Singh accepted that proposal.
• The agreement is set to focus on many key economic
sectors, including information technology, biotechnology,
water management, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture.
Science and technology collaboration
• In 1993, during the visit to India of then Israeli

Foreign Minister Shimon Peres, India and Israel
signed an agreement on science and technology,
which allowed for direct scientific cooperation
between both governments.
• Specific areas of cooperation included:
information technology, biotechnology, lasers,
and electro-optics.
• Additionally, a joint committee to monitor
collaboration between the two nations was
established and set to meet biennially.
• In 1994, a $3 million joint science and
technology fund was set up to
facilitate R&D collaboration between both
countries.
Non-recognition 1948–50
•
India's position on the establishment of the State of Israel
was affected by many factors, including India's
own partition on religious lines, and India's relationship with
other nations.
•
Indian independence leader Mahatma Gandhi believed the
Jews had a good case and a prior claim for Israel, but
opposed the creation of Israel on
religious or mandated terms.
•
India voted against the Partitioning of Palestine plan of
1947 and voted against Israel's admission to the United
Nations in 1949.
•
Various proponents of Hindu nationalism supported or
sympathised with the creation of Israel.
•
Hindu Mahasabha leader Vinayak Damodar
Savarkar supported the creation of Israel on both moral and
political grounds, and condemned India's vote at the UN
against Israel.
•
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh leader Madhav Sadashiv
Golwalkar admired Jewish nationalism and
believed Palestine was the natural territory of the Jewish
people, essential to their aspiration for nationhood.

India Israel Relation

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India Israel Relation

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India and Israel Relations:

• india–Israel relations refers to the bilateral ties between

Military and strategic ties

Science and technology collaboration

• In 1993, during the visit to India of then Israeli

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