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Curriculum Development 6
Curriculum Development 6
ENGAGING ACTIVITIES
Activity 1
Compare the 4 Philosophies of Education based on the aim of
education. How does a strong philosophy influence curriculum
development?
Perennialism in Education
ENGAGING ACTIVITIES
Activity 2
Identify the application of behaviourist, cognitivist, constructivist
and humanist in the classroom.
Cognitivism focuses on the mind, and more specifically, mental proceses such as
thinking, knowing, memory, and problem-solving, with the goal of opening the “black
box” of the human mind, the process of which is deemed valuable and necessary for
learning to occur. Knowledge is approached as schema constructions, and learning is
viewed as a change in the learner's schemata, or the redefining of prior knowledge.
Cognitivism is prevalent in our classrooms today. Using cues, questions, and advance
organizers as well as summarizing, note taking, concept mapping, and virtual field trips
are all ways that teachers utilize the cognitive learning theory in their classrooms. The
best way for a teacher to approach using cognitivism in the classroom is to ask
questions to help students refine their thinking and recognize where they may be wrong.
You want to approach topics that they may think they already know and introduce some
new aspect to make them redefine something. Alternately, for entirely new topics, you
want to draw upon background knowledge before you challenge existing ideas
(schema) and create learning toward amplification or change of those schemata.
Constructivism is the theory that says learners construct knowledge rather than just
passively take in information. As people experience the world and reflect upon those
experiences, they build their own representations and incorporate new information into
their pre-existing knowledge (schemas). In a constructivist classroom, students are
encouraged to use prior experiences to help them form and reform interpretations. ...
The democratic and interactive process of a constructivist classroom allows students to
be active and autonomous learners. Using constructivist strategies, teachers are more
effective.
Vision
UBNHS Vision
“A leading public high school which is committed to excellence, moral integrity, and
world-class standards in education.”
Goal
UBNHS Goal
ENGAGING ACTIVITIES
Activity 1
Explain how history and society influenced the K to 12 curriculum
The trifocal education system mandates DepEd in basic education which covers
elementary, secondary and non-formal education while CHED being responsible for
higher education and TESDA administering post-secondary, middle-level manpower
training and development. The system is tri-focalized by law into basic, technical-
vocational and higher education under three different agencies: the Department of
Education (DepED) headed by a Cabinet Secretary for basic education; the Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) headed by a Director General for
technical-vocational education and training; and the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) under the Office of the Philippine President headed by the Chairperson of a
collegial body of five Commissioners.
The ongoing implementation of major education and training reforms render the
description of the Philippine education and training system as “being in transition”
apropos. It is reflective of the state of the Philippine Qualifications Framework in a
period of transition which is targeted to end in 2022 when the major reforms and related
changes would have been fully implemented and iteratively revised. With respect to the
K to 12 reform, it is important to note that the law was passed only in 2013 but attendant
curricular changes in basic education, in anticipation of its promulgation, began in 2010
—with inputs from TVET and higher education experts. The changes were completed
before the roll out of Senior high school in 2016. Note that the first cohort of Senior high
school who completed their basic under the revised curriculum graduated in 2018.
ENRICHING OUTPUT
A school has been using the same old curriculum for the past 10
years. Do you think this is a good practice? Why? Why not?
increased diversity: there are more differences among students than there used to
be. Diversity has made teaching more fulfilling as a career, but also made more
challenging in certain respects.