Second Edition

Listening & Speaking

2 CEFR MAPPING

Skillful Second Edition How to use the Skillful Second Edition CEFR maps
Skillful Second Edition is a five-level academic series spanning the Common There are two versions of CEFR maps in this document. Both versions contain the
European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) from levels A1 to C1. same mapping information in different formats – it is up to you which version you
Each level is split into two books, one for Reading & Writing and the other for want to use.
Listening & Speaking. Skillful Second Edition offers a skills syllabus and covers
listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, Version 1 is organized by the CEFR scales and descriptors, which allows you to
and study skills. browse the mapping document from a CEFR point of view. So, for example, you first
identify the relevant scale and descriptor you are interested in and then can see
which course learning outcomes map to that descriptor, as well as their location in
The CEFR the book.
The CEFR is an international standard which aims to provide a transparent,
coherent, and comprehensive means of describing language ability. It describes Version 2 is organized unit by unit, which allows you to browse the course learning
what language learners can do in different skills across six broad levels, from A1 to outcomes chronologically. These are mapped to the relevant CEFR descriptor(s),
C2, with some of these levels being further broken down into sub-levels (e.g. A2 can and the CEFR Ref column indicates which of the scales the descriptor is taken from
be subdivided into A2 and A2+). It consists of a set of scales containing descriptors – a table summarizing the CEFR scales and their references is provided at the start of
indicating what a learner can do in that context. Version 2.

Originally published in 2001, the CEFR was extended in 2017 and now includes an For both versions, it is important to note that only relevant CEFR scales and
expanded list of descriptors to describe language ability at different levels. The CEFR descriptors have been included. On some occasions, no suitable CEFR descriptor
mapping for Skillful Second Edition was carried out using the 2017 extended set of was identified for a particular learning outcome. All descriptors included are at or
descriptors, a copy of which is freely available on the Council of Europe website: within one band of the target level of the book.
https://rm.coe.int/common-european-framework-of-reference-for-languages-
learning-teaching/168074a4e2

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Listening & Speaking

2 CEFR MAP: VERSION 1

Version 1: organized by CEFR scales and descriptors

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES: SPOKEN RECEPTION
OVERALL LISTENING COMPREHENSION
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can understand straightforward factual information about common I can recognize the details which a speaker mentions in support of his/her 1 (p14)
everyday or job related topics, identifying both general messages and main points.
B1+
specific details, provided speech is clearly articulated in a generally
familiar accent.
Can follow extended speech and complex lines of argument provided the I can recognize the phrases that a speaker uses to signpost the structure of 7 (p118)
topic is reasonably familiar, and the direction of the talk is sign-posted by a lecture or presentation.
B2 explicit markers.
I can recognize the ways in which speakers support their arguments in 10 (p172)
a discussion.

UNDERSTANDING CONVERSATION BETWEEN OTHER SPEAKERS

CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can generally follow the main points of extended discussion around him/ I can recognize ways in which speakers emphasize the points that they make. 2 (p28)
B1
her, provided speech is clearly articulated in standard speech.
Can identify the main reasons for and against an argument or idea in a I can identify the points which speakers make to support their opinions in 6 (p100)
discussion conducted in clear standard speech. a discussion.
B2 I can understand the arguments for and against a position in a discussion. 9 (p154)
I can recognize the ways in which speakers support their arguments in 10 (p172)
a discussion.

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LISTENING AS A MEMBER OF A LIVE AUDIENCE

CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can follow in outline straightforward short talks on familiar topics, provided I can recognize when a speaker gives examples in a lecture or presentation. 1 (p10)
these are delivered in clearly articulated standard speech.
I can recognize ways in which speakers summarize their main points at the 5 (p86)
end of a lecture or presentation.
B1
Can follow a straightforward conference presentation or demonstration with I can understand the reasons that speakers give to support their ideas. 3 (p46)
visual support (e.g. slides, handouts) on a topic or product within his/her
I can understand cause and effect relationships in a lecture or presentation. 6 (p104)
field, understanding explanations given.
I can understand problem-solution relationships in a lecture or presentation. 7 (p122)
Can distinguish between main ideas and supporting details in standard I can recognize the details which a speaker mentions in support of his/her 1 (p14)
B1+ lectures on familiar subjects, provided these are delivered in clearly main points.
articulated standard speech.

LISTENING TO THE RADIO AND AUDIO RECORDINGS

CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can understand the main points and important details in stories and other I can understand dates when they are mentioned in the course of a talk or 4 (p64)
B1 narratives (e.g. a description of a holiday), provided the speaker speaks discussion.
slowly and clearly.
Can understand most radio documentaries and most other recorded or I can recognize a speaker’s attitude in a lecture or presentation. 10 (p174)
B2 broadcast audio material delivered in the standard form of the language and
can identify the speaker’s mood, tone etc.

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES: SPOKEN PRODUCTION

SUSTAINED MONOLOGUE: DESCRIBING EXPERIENCE
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can reasonably fluently relate a straightforward narrative or description as a I can describe past events or developments in chronological sequence. 4 (p74)
B1 linear sequence of points.
Can narrate a story. I can use sentence adverbs to add interest and precision when I tell a story. 8 (p146)

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SUSTAINED MONOLOGUE: PUTTING A CASE (E.G. IN A DEBATE)

CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can give simple reasons to justify a viewpoint on a familiar topic. I can give reasons for my viewpoint in a presentation. 1 (p20)
B1+
I can counter other speakers’ arguments in a debate. 10 (p182)

ADDRESSING AUDIENCES
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can take follow up questions, but may have to ask for repetition if the I can take follow-up questions when I give a presentation. 7 (p128)
B1
speech was rapid.

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES: SPOKEN INTERACTION

CONVERSATION
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
B1 Can enter unprepared into conversations on familiar topics. I can interact with a presenter, showing interest and asking pertinent questions. 9 (p164)

INFORMAL DISCUSSION (WITH FRIENDS)

CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can compare and contrast alternatives, discussing what to do, where to go, I can compare and contrast ideas in a presentation. 5 (p92)
B1
who or which to choose etc.

INFORMATION EXCHANGE
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
B1 Can offer advice on simple matters within his/her field of experience. I can give advice. 2 (p38)

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COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES: MEDIATION

NOTE-TAKING (LECTURES, SEMINARS, MEETINGS, ETC.)
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can take notes during a lecture, which are precise enough for his/her own I can make notes of details that enable me to construct a diagram 8 (p140)
B1+ use at a later date, provided the topic is within his/her field of interest and representing the content of a lecture.
the talk is clear and well structured.

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE STRATEGIES: RECEPTION

IDENTIFYING CUES AND INFERRING
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can make basic inferences or predictions about text content from headings, I can make predictions about the content of a talk based on the title. 2 (p32)
titles or headlines.
Can follow a line of argument or the sequence of events in a story, by I can understand time references in a talk about historical events or 4 (p68)
B1 focusing on common logical connectors (e.g. however, because) and developments.
temporal connectors (e.g. after that, beforehand).
I can understand cause and effect relationships in a lecture or presentation. 6 (p104)
I can understand the sequence of events in a spoken narrative. 8 (p136)
Can extrapolate the meaning of occasional unknown words from the context I can deduce the meaning of some unfamiliar words from their context when 5 (p82)
B1+
and deduce sentence meaning provided the topic discussed is familiar. I hear them in a talk or discussion.

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE STRATEGIES: PRODUCTION

COMPENSATING
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can define the features of something concrete for which he/she can’t I can formulate a suitable paraphrase to if I don’t know the right word for the 6 (p110)
B1+
remember the word. idea that I want to express.

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COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE STRATEGIES: INTERACTION

COOPERATING
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
B1 Can invite others into the discussion. I can take part in a discussion using appropriate turn-taking. 3 (p56)

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE COMPETENCES: PRAGMATIC

TURN-TAKING
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
Can initiate, maintain and close simple face-to-face conversation on topics I can take part in a discussion using appropriate turn-taking. 3 (p56)
B1 that are familiar or of personal interest.
I can interact with a presenter, showing interest and asking pertinent questions. 9 (p164)

THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT
CEFR CEFR Descriptor Learning outcome(s) Unit (Page)
B1 Can clearly signal chronological sequence in narrative text. I can describe past events or developments in chronological sequence. 4 (p74)
Can develop a clear description or narrative, expanding and supporting his/ I can use sentence adverbs to add interest and precision when I tell a story. 8 (p146)
B2
her main points with relevant supporting detail and examples.

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Version 2: organized unit by unit

CEFR SCALE CEFR REF
COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES Spoken Reception Overall listening comprehension CLA-SR-OLC
Understanding conversation between other speakers CLA-SR-UC
Listening as a member of a live audience CLA-SR-LMLA
Listening to the radio and audio recordings CLA-SR-LRA
Spoken Production Sustained monologue: Describing experience CLA-SP-SMDE
Sustained monologue: Putting a case (e.g. in a debate) CLA-SP-SMPC
Addressing audiences CLA-SP-AA
Spoken Interaction Conversation CLA-SI-C
Informal discussion (with friends) CLA-SI-ID
Information exchange CLA-SI-IE
Mediation Note-taking (lectures, seminars, meetings, etc.) CLA-M-NT

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE STRATEGIES Reception Identifying cues and inferring CLS-R-ICI

Production Compensating CLS-P-C
Interaction Cooperating CLS-I-C

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE COMPETENCES Pragmatic Turn-taking CLC-P-TT

Thematic development CLC-P-TD

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UNIT 1
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can recognize when a speaker gives • Can follow in outline straightforward short talks on familiar topics, provided these are CLA-SR-LMLA
10 B1
examples in a lecture or presentation. delivered in clearly articulated standard speech.
I can recognize the details which a • Can understand straightforward factual information about common everyday or job related CLA-SR-OLC
speaker mentions in support of his/her topics, identifying both general messages and specific details, provided speech is clearly
14 main points. B1+ articulated in a generally familiar accent.
• Can distinguish between main ideas and supporting details in standard lectures on familiar CLA-SR-LMLA
subjects, provided these are delivered in clearly articulated standard speech.
I can give reasons for my viewpoint in • Can give simple reasons to justify a viewpoint on a familiar topic. CLA-SP-SMPC
20 B1+
a presentation.

UNIT 2
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can recognize ways in which speakers • Can generally follow the main points of extended discussion around him/her, provided speech CLA-SR-UC
28 B1
emphasize the points that they make. is clearly articulated in standard speech.
I can make predictions about the content • Can make basic inferences or predictions about text content from headings, titles or headlines. CLS-R-ICI
32 B1
of a talk based on the title.
38 I can give advice. B1 • Can offer advice on simple matters within his/her field of experience. CLA-SI-IE

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UNIT 3
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can understand the reasons that • Can follow a straightforward conference presentation or demonstration with visual support (e.g. CLA-SR-LMLA
46 B1
speakers give to support their ideas. slides, handouts) on a topic or product within his/her field, understanding explanations given.
I can distinguish between words that • No relevant CEFR descriptor at this level. N/A
50 N/A
sound very similar in natural speech.
I can take part in a discussion using • Can initiate, maintain and close simple face-to-face conversation on topics that are familiar or CLC-P-TT
56 appropriate turn-taking. B1 of personal interest.
• Can invite others into the discussion. CLS-I-C

UNIT 4
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can understand dates when they are • Can understand the main points and important details in stories and other narratives CLA-SR-LRA
64 mentioned in the course of a talk or B1 (e.g. a description of a holiday), provided the speaker speaks slowly and clearly.
discussion.
I can understand time references in a talk • Can follow a line of argument or the sequence of events in a story, by focusing on common CLS-R-ICI
68 about historical events or developments. B1 logical connectors (e.g. however, because) and temporal connectors (e.g. after that,
beforehand).
I can describe past events or • Can reasonably fluently relate a straightforward narrative or description as a linear sequence CLA-SP-SMDE
74 developments in chronological sequence. B1 of points.
• Can clearly signal chronological sequence in narrative text. CLC-P-TD

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UNIT 5
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can deduce the meaning of some • Can extrapolate the meaning of occasional unknown words from the context and deduce CLS-R-ICI
82 unfamiliar words from their context when B1 sentence meaning provided the topic discussed is familiar.
I hear them in a talk or discussion.
I can recognize ways in which speakers • Can follow in outline straightforward short talks on familiar topics, provided these are CLA-SR-LMLA
86 summarize their main points at the end B1 delivered in clearly articulated standard speech.
of a lecture or presentation.
I can compare and contrast ideas in • Can compare and contrast alternatives, discussing what to do, where to go, who or which to CLA-SI-ID
92 B1
a presentation. choose etc.

UNIT 6
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can identify the points which speakers • Can identify the main reasons for and against an argument or idea in a discussion conducted CLA-SR-UC
100 make to support their opinions in a B2 in clear standard speech.
discussion
I can understand cause and effect • Can follow a straightforward conference presentation or demonstration with visual support (e.g. CLA-SR-LMLA
relationships in a lecture or presentation. slides, handouts) on a topic or product within his/her field, understanding explanations given.
104 B1
• Can follow a line of argument or the sequence of events in a story, by focusing on common logical CLS-R-ICI
connectors (e.g. however, because) and temporal connectors (e.g. after that, beforehand).
I can formulate a suitable paraphrase to • Can define the features of something concrete for which he/she can't remember the word. CLS-P-C
110 if I don’t know the right word for the idea B1+
that I want to express.

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UNIT 7
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can recognize the phrases that a speaker • Can follow extended speech and complex lines of argument provided the topic is reasonably CLA-SR-OLC
118 uses to signpost the structure of a lecture B2 familiar, and the direction of the talk is sign-posted by explicit markers.
or presentation.
I can understand problem-solution • Can follow a straightforward conference presentation or demonstration with visual support (e.g. CLA-SR-LMLA
122 B1
relationships in a lecture or presentation. slides, handouts) on a topic or product within his/her field, understanding explanations given.
I can take follow-up questions when I give • Can take follow up questions, but may have to ask for repetition if the speech was rapid. CLA-SP-AA
128 B1
a presentation.

UNIT 8
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can understand the sequence of events • Can follow a line of argument or the sequence of events in a story, by focusing on common logical CLS-R-ICI
136 B1
in a spoken narrative. connectors (e.g. however, because) and temporal connectors (e.g. after that, beforehand).
I can make notes of details that enable • Can take notes during a lecture, which are precise enough for his/her own use at a later date, CLA-M-NT
140 me to construct a diagram representing B1+ provided the topic is within his/her field of interest and the talk is clear and well structured.
the content of a lecture.
I can use sentence adverbs to add B1 • Can narrate a story. CLA-SP-SMDE
146 interest and precision when I tell a story.
• Can develop a clear description or narrative, expanding and supporting his/her main points CLC-P-TD
B2
with relevant supporting detail and examples.

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UNIT 9
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can understand the arguments for and • Can identify the main reasons for and against an argument or idea in a discussion conducted CLA-SR-UC
154 B2
against a position in a discussion. in clear standard speech.
I can recognize the ways that a speaker • No relevant CEFR descriptor at this level. N/A
158 interacts with his/her audience in the N/A
course of a lecture.
I can interact with a presenter, showing • Can enter unprepared into conversations on familiar topics. CLA-SI-C
164 interest and asking pertinent questions. B1 • Can initiate, maintain and close simple face-to-face conversation on topics that are familiar or CLC-P-TT
of personal interest.

UNIT 10
PAGE LEARNING OUTCOME LEVEL CEFR DESCRIPTOR CEFR REF
I can recognize the ways in which • Can identify the main reasons for and against an argument or idea in a discussion conducted CLA-SR-UC
speakers support their arguments in in clear standard speech.
172 a discussion. B2
• Can follow extended speech and complex lines of argument provided the topic is reasonably CLA-SR-OLC
familiar, and the direction of the talk is sign-posted by explicit markers.
I can recognize a speaker’s attitude in a • Can understand most radio documentaries and most other recorded or broadcast audio CLA-SR-LRA
174 lecture or presentation B2 material delivered in the standard form of the language and can identify the speaker's mood,
tone etc.
I can counter other speakers’ arguments • Can give simple reasons to justify a viewpoint on a familiar topic. CLA-SP-SMPC
182 B1+
in a debate.

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