Chemistry
Chemistry
Part 2
1. C.ii) Describe what you would observe if the result of the test is positive. Explain the
chemistry involved in the breathalyser test.
Answer: There will be a color change of orange to green. The orange dichromate ion is
reduced to the green chromium ion. The potassium dichromate reacts with ethanol,
it loses an oxygen atom (reduced) meanwhile ethanol gains an oxygen atom
(oxidized). The potassium dichromate is the oxidizing agent used to test for the
presence of a reducing agent (ethanol)
2. C.i) One type of the breathalyser test uses acidified potassium dichromate(VI) crystals.
i) For what purpose is the breathalyser test used?
Answer: It is used to test the alcohol level in a driver’s breath. This is used when there is
an accident and they want to see if the diver involved was too drunk to drive.
3. a.) (i) The figure below shows the label on a multivitamin and mineral supplement bottle.
Much of the information has been left out. Each tablet contains Potassium iodide 0.1 mg
A multivitamin and mineral supplement bottle A solution is made of one of the tablets
and acidified hydrogen peroxide is added to the solution.
i) State what you would expect to observe.
Answer: There would be a color change for potassium iodide as it reacts with hydrogen
peroxide of colourless to brown.
4. 1. Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2
Answer: Zn has been oxidized since it increased in oxidation number (0 to 2). Zn is the
reducing agent since it brought about the reduction of hydrogen.
2. 2Fe(iii)+Cl2=2Fe(iii)+2Cl-
Answer: None was being oxidized since Fe remained the same and Cl was reduced
since there was a decrease in oxidation number from 0 to -1. No RA.
3. 2NH3+3CuO=N2+3Cu+3H2O
Answer: N has been oxidized since it increased in oxidation number (-3 to 0). N is the
reducing agent since it brought about the reduction of copper.
5. a). (ii) Write an ionic equation to represent the reaction. Identify whether this reaction is
oxidation or reduction. Justify your answer.
b. HI+H2SO4=H2S+I2+H2O
H=1*8+2=10→2+2*4=10
I=1*8=8→2*4=8
S=1→1
O=4→1*4=4
8HI+H2SO4=H2S+4I2+4H2O
c. KNO3+K=K2O+N2
k=1*2+1*10=12→2*6=12
N=1*2=2→2
O=3*2=6→1*6=6
2KNO3+10K=6K2O+N2
d. NO2+H2O=HNO3+NO
N=1*3=3→1*2+1=3
O=2*3+1=7→3*2+1=7
H=2→1*2=2
3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO
e. HBr+MnO=MnBr2+Br2+H20
H=1*2=2→2
Br=1*2=2→2+2*0=2
Mn=1→1
O=1→1
2HBr+MnO=MnBr2+0Br2+H2O