Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
people to develop their self. The development can be achieved from the
information. The source of information can be got from many ways; one of them
is from a text. Most people learn to read. However, for getting information by
Reading skill can be seen as an interactive process between a reader and a text
interacts dynamically with the text as he/she tries to elicit the meaning and where
In other word, this skill can be used to get more informations and know what
teaching. The students must need good reading skill for acquiring knowledge and
important educational goal. For both children and adults, the ability to read opens
literature, and do everyday things that are part and parcel of modern life, such as,
reading the newspapers, job listings, instruction manuals, maps and so on.
Therefore, reading is important language skill that should be mastered
got from the reading text may support students to improve their ability in
one skill aspect in language should be paid attention seriously, because through
reading students may get any information, improve their knowledge and at the
same time broader their insight. Pang (1986: 6) states that readers typically make
with text and other strategies to help them understand written text. So, by reading,
For this this case, it becomes the teachers’ role in creating the successful of
teaching and learning process. They must be able to choose the the appropriate
need to read for comprehension. Clarke and Silberstein (1977) states that it
becomes the responsibility of the teacher to train students to determine their own
goals and strategies for a particular reading. So, that students will be more
writing and speaking. If the EFL learners have enough input, they will be able to
of complex processes that include word reading, word and world knowledge, and
fluency (Anderson, Hiebert, Scott, & Wilkinson, 1985; Jenkins, Larson, &
Fleischer, 1983; O’Shea, Sindelar, & O’Shea, 1987). Similarly, Pang (2006: 14)
Therefore, comprehension is not a passive process, but an active one. The reader
actively engages with the text to construct meaning. This active engagement
So, the successful of reading depends on how the students comprehend the
reading text. To comprehend the text, a reader must have a wide range of
in the content being read) and various types of knowledge (vocabulary, domain
reading text is not an easy work, because it does not always provide the
On this base, it may be inferred that the complexity of a written text often
makes the EFL learners have serious problem in understanding a reading text.
Moreover for the students who have lack of vacabulary and less of knowledge in
grammatical aspect make students have low interest and motivation to study.
Those are may significantly cause many EFL learners have poor reading
requirement for them to graduate from school. They need reading skill that helps
them to know the instruction of the text and the content of reading task.
the information which can be used to solve problem and for pleasure, particularly
in the elementary and intermediate levels. Students need to read to confirm their
spoken language and to be able to acquire other skills like listening, speaking and
writing. So, it is clear that reading becomes the essential point that has to be
help the students to comprehend the reading text easily. The teacher is as a figure
in guiding students in school should consider the best way to overcome the
Slameto (2003) says that the success or fail of learning process depend on the use
given more attention by the English teacher. The suitable tecnique can grow up
language. High motivation will help students to follow the whole of teaching and
learning process.
the experts, but in fact there are still many students who are poor in their reading
The teacher must work hard to improve the students’ achievement and improve
use a good technique and method in reading and to improve the students’
motivation in learning.
attention. This subject covers four skills namely listening, speaking, reading and
writing. In terms of those skills the researcher only focusses on reading skill.
Besides, based on researcher’s observation in SMA Negeri 1 Sampolawa on
Friday, January 29th 2010, it seemed that the teaching of English reading in that
school is still facing difficulties. The researcher observed that most students get
the reading text. When the teacher asked them to find out some information on it,
Before conducting this study, the researcher also interviewed the English
teacher at SMA Negeri I Sampolawa. The English teacher said that the students at
the first year in learning reading were still difficult to comprehend a reading text.
Students’ problems such as how to find out specific information and detail
information. It is because the students at the first year have poor motivation and
phenomenon in the school. The teacher has not applied some interactive
techniques in teaching reading. In teaching and learning process the teacher just
explained a little and then asked the students to answer some questions given.
technique namely One Stay Two Stray by using classroom action research to
solve students to solve students’ problem in reading. Actually there were some
researchers who have conducted this study study. They are Citrawati (2004).
These researchers have conducted studies about teaching reading under One Stay
Two Stray Technique. They used experimental (quosy experimental) design. The
result of these studies show that One Stay Two Stray technique has significant
in a small group to help one another to master academic content (Slavin, 1995).
Cooperative learning allows students to wor with their group mates to reach a
certain goal in learning. Besides, group members can complete each other
strengths and weaknesses in English. For example, students might have strong
vocabulary that can supply to students with a good backgroun in grammar. This
means that vocabulary and grammar are very important owned by the students to
cannot understand a text without knowing what most of the words meaning.
While grammar can help them to distinguish the event whether is occurred in the
which involve the students’ active learning in the teaching and learning process.
Jacobs, et al ( )
The researcher believes that the application of cooperative learning under
One Stay Two Stray technique can solve students’ problem in comprehending
reading easily, because when students who have lack of vocabulary and
grammatical aspect can be supplied from others. They can exchange information,
reinforce each others; give feedback, and also responsible to their answer in their
group.
reading text and to provide theoretical and practical solution on the teaching of
particularly.
The research question of this study is “Can One Stay Two Stray technique
Sampolawa?
content of reading text through One Stay Two Stray technique at the first year of
teaching reading
comprehension by using One Stay Two Stray technique. To make more specific
the researcher limits the comprehension on literal and interpretive level. The
The hypothesis of this study is “ If One Stay Two Stray technique is applied; it
will improve students’ reading comprehension at the first year of SMA Negeri I
Sampolawa”.
1. Action research is
2. One Stay Two Stray means a teaching technique in which students from a group of
three; that is group consist of three members with a decisions of one stays and two
stray. The two members stray to the other groups to learn something to find out
assigned information. As they get information, they go back to their home team,
and teach their friend the one who stays (Adapted from Jacobs, 1996: 50).