Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Quarter 1- Module 1

Starting points for the understanding of culture, society, and politics

Course Description: This course uses insights from Anthropology, Political Science,
and Sociology to develop students’ awareness of cultural, social and political
dynamics, and sensitivity to cultural diversity; provide them with an understanding of
how culture, human agency, society and politics work; and engage them in the
examination of the country’s current human development goals. At the end of the
course, students should acquire ideas about human cultures, human agency, society
and politics; recognize cultural relativism and social inclusiveness to overcome
prejudices; and develop social and cultural competence to guide their interactions with
groups, communities, networks, and institutions.

The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

Content Standards: The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

1. human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political

identities
2. the significance of studying culture, society, and politics
3. the rationale for studying anthropology, political science, and sociology

Performance Standards: The learners

1. acknowledge human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and

political identities
2. adopt an open and critical attitude toward different social, political, and
cultural phenomena through observation and reflection
3. appreciates the value of disciplines of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political
Science as social sciences

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

*Discuss the nature, goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political
science

Learning competency: The learners:

1. articulate observations on human cultural variation, social differences, social

change, and political identities UCSP11/12SPU-Ia-1

2. demonstrate curiosity and an openness to explore the origins and dynamics of

culture and society, and political identities UCSP11/12SPU-Ia-2
Reference: Understanding Culture, Society and Politics– Grade 11 Alternative Delivery
Mode Module 1: Starting Points in Understanding Culture, Society and Politics, First
Edition, 2020

Author: Candida U.Larosa

Evaluator: Swannie Maria Sofia S. Gacus
Illustrator: Jay Michael A. Calipusan

Printed in the Philippines by: Department of Education – Regional Office 10 Office

Address: Zone 1, Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro City 9000 Telefax: (088) 880-7071,
(088) 880-7072
E-mail Address: [email protected]

Module 1:

This module helps you become aware of your role, and how you are going to function
in accordance with the culture of your society leading towards nation building, and to
respect human cultural variation in your community, country, and the whole world.
However, to have dynamic society, politics is also needed, for this affects the life of
every individual on how you are going to behave as member of the group, so with your
relationship to other people

What I need to know in this module?

This module has the following lessons:

 Lesson 1 – Knowing about human cultural and social variations

 Lesson 2 – Observations about social, political and cultural change and cultural
behavior
 Lesson3–Definition and Goals Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

What do I need to learn?

After you go through on this module, you are expected to:

1. Describe human cultural variation in terms of their physical features, social

differences, political and social change.
2. Analyze the significance of culture and society and the perception of politics
3. Identify the evident of social, political and cultural change
4. Differentiate the terms of anthropology, sociology and political science
5. Compare the goals anthropology, sociology, and political science

For you to attain the goals of this module, please do the following:

a. Take time to read and understand the lessons

b. Follow the instruction in each given task
c. Answers all tests and activities diligently
d. Familiarize yourselves with the terms given
Pretest
Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer before each number.

_____1. This means a complex whole that includes habits and capabilities acquired by
man in the society.
a. Politics c. Culture
b. Sociology d. Society
_____2. It is the perception of individuals to accepted reality
a. Knowledge c. Outlook
b. Beliefs d. Folkways
_____3. This consists of tangible things such as technological tools, architectural,
structures, fashion and accessories and food.
a. Material culture c. non-material culture
b. Basic culture d. Commercial culture
_____4. There are different types of human groups in the world like Malaysians,
Indonesians and others. In what human group you belong?
a. Chinese c. Filipinos
b. Japanese d. Arabs
_____5. This means a transformation of a group, organization, community from simple
to more complex one.
a. social change c. social differences
b. Diffusion d. Modernity
____6. The changes in society due to its forces and traditions in society is called;
a. Political c. Cultural
b. social d. Human
____7. This refers to the scientific study of man, his works, his behavior and values;
a. Anthropology c. Sociology
b. Political Science d. Psychology
____8. Which of the following is more important in studying culture?
a. public affair c. Human adaptation
b. Collective activity d. Economic progress
_____9. One of the goals of sociology is to help us understand the changes in;
a. Environment c. Education system
b. Politics Issues d. Societal problem
____10. The change in society that is related to political ideologies, government and
citizenships is part of;
a. Social change c. political change
b. Cultural change d. human change
____11.It refers to the social, cultural and psychological characteristics related to
males and females based on certain social context.
a. Gender c. Culture
b. Society d. Politics
_____12. The main subject of this discipline is government like democracy, power and
authority;
a. Sociology c. Anthropology
b. Political Science d. Economics
_____13.This means a group of people who have common shared culture, language,
history, religion, and tradition.
a. Variation c. Acculturation
b. Ethnicity d. Stratification
_____14.Which of the following religion believed in Allah?
a. Christians c. Protestants
b. Islam d. Buddhists
____15.This is a systematic study of state and government its relationships to men In
the community, it emphasizes the use of power, influence, interest which is In a well -
ordered community.
a. Anthropology c. Sociology
b. Earth Science d. Political Science
____16. A scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior that analysis human
Interaction which is essential in understanding man’s cultural make-up.
a. Sociology c. Biology
b. Psychology d. Philosophy
____17. A person’s instinctive membership in any nation or country is called;
a. Citizenships c. Organization
b. Nationality d. Ethnocentrism
_____18.The transformation of social institutions over time is called;
a. Migration c. Globalization
b. Cultural change d. Social change
_____19. This is a process in the cultural traits of one society are borrowed,
transmitted and adopted by other society;
a. Transfusion c. Immigration
b. Adaptation d. Diffusion
_____20. Which of the following is the goal of studying Anthropology?
a. describe and analyze the biological evolution of mankind
b. appreciate complexity
c. be immersed in current affairs
d. cultural diversity

Answer:
1. c
2. b
3. c
4. c
5. c
6. c
7. a
8. c
9. a
10.c
11.a
12.b
13.b
14.b
15.d
16.a
17.b
18.d
19.d
20.a
Week 1 or Lesson 1

Knowing about Human Cultural and Social Variations

Content Standard:
Human cultural variation, social differences, social change, political change and
political identities
Learning Competence:
Articulate observations on human cultural variations social differences, social change
and political identities
CODE:
UCSP 11/12SPU-Ia-1
Learning Objectives:
Explain the meaning of the following:
a. Cultural variation
b. Social differences
c. Political change and
d. Political identities

What is this lesson?

To start learning the lessons, you have to read and understand some important words,

A. Culture – refers to that complex whole which include knowledge, beliefs, arts,
morals, laws, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as
member of a society. (Edward H. Taylor)

Two types of Culture:

1. Material culture - composed of tangible things like food, tools, dress,

accessories and others.
2. Non-material culture – composed of intangible things such as habits, ideas,
religion, language and behavior

Cultural Variation – refers to the differences in social behaviors that cultures

exhibit around the world. In the Philippines differences in social behaviors are
influence with cultures in a specific places and tribes. So with the different people
in different countries they have also different norms and values that exists within
their groups.

Example of Cultural Variation in Dress Styles (tribes in the Philippines)

 Tagalog Maranao
http://nationalclothing.org/asia/34-philippines/48-traditional-clothing-in-the-philippines-barong-tagalog-baro-at-saya.html

Examples of Cultural Variation in Dances in the Philippines

https://www.zenrooms.com/blog/post/philippine-folk-dances/

Singkil

What’s New?

Activity 1.1 We are Culturally Varied

Directions: Describe the human groups below and fill in the columns below for your
answer.

Human Group Physical Features

Filipino
Indian
Chinese
African
American
B. Social Differences

Social Differences – refers to the situation where people are discriminated based on
economic status, social characteristics and qualities.
 These may include race, ethnicity, gender, and professions.
 In spite of these differences people continue to do their responsibilities as
members of society.

These are the common social differences among people in the world;
 Gender – refers to the biological characteristics that distinguish a male from a
female
 Gender Roles - refers to attitudes and behaviors that the society expect a
person based on his/her sex
 Socio-economic class - the high income, the middle income and the low income
class
 Ethnicity- which refers to the ethnic group who have common culture, language
and history
 Race –which refers to the group of people who shared inherited physical
characteristics such as skin color, facial features and body structure

Activity 1.2 Give me one!

Directions: Provide column B with one (1) example for each social differences in
column A.

Column A Column B
a. Gender
b. Gender Roles
c. Socio-Economic Roles
d. Ethnicity
e. Race

What More?

Enrichment Activity 1.1 Ethnic groups in the Philippines

Directions: Study the ethnic groups in the country. Describe the social differences
that exist among them. Write your answer on the box provided.
https://docs.google.com/forms/d1Zob2KNSh5u3wBojiGO97Lm
C. Social Change

Social change -refers to any significant alteration over time in behavior patterns and
cultural values and norms. This change is brought about by modernization and the
impact of globalization that resulted to cultural change among Filipino people.
Example - Filipino way of courtship:

Activity 1.3 – What’s the Effect?

Directions: Explain the advantages and disadvantages brought about by

modernization as part of social change.

Advantages:

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Disadvantages:

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Example (Maranao):

1.

2.

d. Political Identities

Political Identities - refers to political position based on the interests and perspective
of social groups with which people identify. In the Philippines, we participated in
choosing the political leaders through election and being a democratic country. They
are mandated by law to lead the people and implement good governance for the
common good of all Filipinos.

Activity 1.4 – Name them !

Directions: List down the names of the local officials in your Community.

Name of your Barangay: _______________________________

Barangay Captain : __________________________________
Barangay Kagawads :
1.__________________________________
2.__________________________________
3.__________________________________
4.__________________________________
5.__________________________________
6.__________________________________

Lesson 2

Observations about social, political and cultural change and cultural behavior

Content Standard:
The Significance of Studying Culture, Society and Politics

Learning Competency: Demonstrate curiosity and openness to explore the origins

and dynamics of culture and society, and political identities.

CODE
UCSP11/12 SPU-Ia-2

Learning Objectives
1.Discuss the significance of studying
 Culture
 Society
2.Give the perception of Politics

What is the role of culture in our lives?

Culture is an integral part and the water we drink, for we cannot live without it since
this is a way of life. Thus, it is necessary to understand the interrelationship of
culture, society and politics.

So, in this lesson you should know the importance of culture, society and the
perception of politics, for these are guide of how people behave as members of
society.

The significance of Culture:

 Makes it possible for man to adopt and integrate himself to his environment
  Establish patterns of acceptable social behavior such as good manners and
right conduct
 It conveys and facilitates meaning
 It produce man-made things such as clothing, tools and others
 It contributes an overall human satisfaction like arts, recreational activities, etc.

The Significance of Society

 It is an avenue for economic inter-dependence
 Characterize the totality of a territory
 It serves as a representation of our identity
 A symbol of political independence

Perception about Politics

 It is an art of government
 public affair
 Power and distribution of resources
 It is academics
 consensus and compromise
 Society

Activities 2.1: I need something!

Directions: Give the significance of studying culture, society as your perceptions
about Politics.
 Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
Quarter 1- Module 1
Starting points for the understanding of culture, society, and politics

Content Standards: The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

4. Definition of anthropology, political science, and sociology

Performance Standards: The learners

the rationale for studying anthropology, political science, and sociology

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

*Discuss the nature, goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political
science

Learning competency: The learners:

3. analyze social, political, and cultural change UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-3
4. recognize the common concerns or intersections of anthropology, sociology, and
political science with respect to the phenomenon of change UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-4
5. identify the subjects of inquiry and goals of Anthropology, Political Science, and
Sociology UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-5

Learning Objectives
1.Describe the common intersections of Anthropology, Sociology , and Politics

Why there’s a change?

Societies continue to improve and the social, political and cultural changes occur with
it, Let’s know them below:

 Social change – abolition of slavery, industrial revolution

 Political change – democracy, federalism, political dynasty
 Cultural change – texting, food taboos, immigration

Activity 3.1: What’s the Changes in it!

Directions: Write a two (2) sentence about the changes that’s taking place in the given
below:
A. Traditional society
1. _________________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________________
B. Modern society
1. _________________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________________

To further know the next topic, we have to define anthropology, sociology, and politics:

 Anthropology – is a branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study

of man, his works, his body, his behavior and values in time and space
(Palispis, 2007).
 Political Science – is a systematic study of a state and its government, with
the relationships of men in the community, with relations to groups, to the
state itself and to other sovereign counties.
 Sociology – is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior, it
analysis human interaction which is essential in understanding man’s cultural
make-up.

What are the Goals of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science

Goals of Anthropology

 describe and analyze the biological evolution of mankind

 describe and assess the cultural development of our species
 describe, explain, and analyze the present-day human cultural similarities and
differences
 describe and explain human biological and diversity today

Goals of Political Science

 be immersed in current affairs

 build an understanding on the local, national, and international politics
 learn how political activities are organized in and out of our country
 provide substantially critical and scientific contribution to government and
society

Goals of Sociology

 understand ourselves better

 build a better understanding of mankind
  help with decision-making
 provide insights into what is going on in a situation

Activity 3.2 : Multiple Choice.

Directions: Read carefully the questions in the box, write your answer in the blank
provided.

For 1-5 Write A if it is Anthropology, S if it is Sociology and PS if it is Political Science

For 6-10 Write SC for Social change, PC for Political change and CC for Cultural change
For 11-15 Identify if the goal stated is Anthropology, Sociology, or Political Science

1. In pre-historic time Filipinos believed in animism ____________

2. In ancient time Datu was a ruler in small community ____________
3. Customs and traditions is a way of life ____________
4. Hunting and gathering activity ____________
5. Modernization and technology ____________
6. Freedom among people ____________
7. Elections ____________
8. Use of cellular phones ____________
9. Form of government ____________
10.Oversees Filipino Workers ____________
11.Concerned with better understanding of ourselves ____________
12.Human variation is due to different culture and society ____________
13.Paying taxes to government ____________
14.Learn to understand the present situation of society ____________
15.Participate in choosing leaders through voting ____________

Answers:
1. A. 6. CC 11.SOCIOLOGY
2. PS 7. PC 12. ANTHROPOLOGY
3. A 8. CC 13. POLTICAL SCIENCE
4. S 9. PC 14. SOCIOLOGY
5. S 10.SC 15.POLITICAL SCIENCE

Post- Assessment

Directions: Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer in the separate
sheet of paper.

_____1. This means a complex whole that includes habits and capabilities acquired by
man in the society.
a. Politics c. Culture
b. Sociology d. Society
_____2. It is the perception of individuals to accepted reality
a. Knowledge c. Outlook
b. Beliefs d. Folkways
_____3. This consists of tangible things such as technological tools, architectural,
structures, fashion and accessories and food.
a. Material culture c. non-material culture
b. Basic culture d. Commercial culture
_____4. There are different types of human groups in the world like Malaysians,
Indonesians and others. In what human group you belong?
a. Chinese c. Filipinos
b. Japanese d. Arabs
_____5. This means a transformation of a group, organization, community from simple
to more complex one.
a. social change c. social differences
b. Diffusion d. Modernity
____6. The changes in society due to its forces and traditions in society is called;
a. Political c. Cultural
b. social d. Human
____7. This refers to the scientific study of man, his works, his behavior and values;
a. Anthropology c. Sociology
b. Political Science d. Psychology
____8. Which of the following is more important in studying culture?
a. public affair c. Human adaptation
b. Collective activity d. Economic progress
_____9. One of the goals of sociology is to help us understand the changes in;
a. Environment c. Education system
b. Politics Issues d. Societal problem
____10. The change in society that is related to political ideologies, government and
citizenships is part of;
a. Social change c. political change
b. Cultural change d. human change
____11.It refers to the social, cultural and psychological characteristics related to
males and females based on certain social context.
a. Gender c. Culture
b. Society d. Politics
_____12. The main subject of this discipline is government like democracy, power and
authority;
a. Sociology c. Anthropology
b. Political Science d. Economics
_____13.This means a group of people who have common shared culture, language,
history, religion, and tradition.
a. Variation c. Acculturation
b. Ethnicity d. Stratification
_____14.Which of the following religion believed in Allah?
a. Christians c. Protestants
b. Islam d. Buddhists
____15.This is a systematic study of state and government its relationships to men In
the community, it emphasizes the use of power, influence, interest which is In a well -
ordered community.
a. Anthropology c. Sociology
b. Earth Science d. Political Science
____16. A scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior that analysis human
Interaction which is essential in understanding man’s cultural make-up.
 a. Sociology c. Biology
b. Psychology d. Philosophy
____17. A person’s instinctive membership in any nation or country is called;
a. Citizenships c. Organization
b. Nationality d. Ethnocentrism
_____18.The transformation of social institutions over time is called;
a. Migration c. Globalization
b. Cultural change d. Social change
_____19. This is a process in the cultural traits of one society are borrowed,
transmitted and adopted by other society;
a. Transfusion c. Immigration
b. Adaptation d. Diffusion
_____20. Which of the following is the goal of studying Anthropology?
a. describe and analyze the biological evolution of mankind
b. appreciate complexity
c. be immersed in current affairs
d. cultural diversity

Answer:
1. c 8. c 15.d
2. b 9. a 16.a
3. c 10.c 17.b
4. c 11.a 18.d
5. c 12.b 19.d
6. c 13.b 20.a
7. a 14.b