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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the study

Criminality is one of the major problem encountered by any Police

authorities, thousands of crimes are committed every day, and hundreds are

occurring right now in the world. Someone somewhere will be killed, robbed, and

raped until you read this article to it’s the end. Without a doubt, crime can be

seen as the plague of society. No matter what is done, nothing can really stop it.

In global perspective, one of the highest of criminal activity involves murder,

whether it be self-inflicted, homicidal, or accidental. Unfortunately, a life where

murder doesn’t exist seems to only be possible in a perfect world, but that does

not yet exist, either. The murder rates around the world are astonishing, and the

hope is that these values will decline over the years until murder is a rarely.

Located in Central America, 90.4 deaths for every 100,000 people (National

master.com).

The Philippines is currently experiencing increased police presence and

intensified policing programs with President Duterte’s declaration of wars against

criminality and illegal drugs front lined by the Philippine National Police (PNP).

While the country’s index crime rate is reportedly declining because of these

heightened policing programs, this does not necessarily translate to a more

positive Filipino public perception toward the police and other local law

enforcement authorities. Using the Crime Risk Perceptions Survey of 1,200

household in Metro Manila ,this study attempted to probe the individual and

contextual level variables that potentially influence the Filipino perception toward

the local authorities-police and local community brigade or barangay tanod. The

findings of the paper showed that perceived insecurity exhibited negative impact

on perceived satisfaction of respondent toward the performance of local

authorities across all the five models(Canare,2016).

General Santos City-an explosion went off in front of a drug store in General

Santos City on Sunday, leaving 7 people hurt, police said. Police said they were

verifying reports 2 individuals on board a motorcycle dropped off bag near the

area before the explosion occurred. The wounded are being treated at a nearby

hospital, police said (News.abs-cbn.com).

The main objectives of this study is to determine the significant relationship

between the extend of criminality and response of authorities

Statement of the problem

The main concern of this study was to determine whether there is a

significant relationship between problems encountered about criminality and the

response of the authorities at General Santos City for the year 2018.

Specifically, this study aimed to provide answers to the following questions:

1. What is the extent of Criminality in General Santos city?

2. What is the level of response of the authorities?

3. Is there a relationship between the city of General Santos and response

Of authorities?
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Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship between problems encountered by PNP

against Criminality and authority’s response in General Santos City.

Theoretical frame work

Theories of criminality are derived from distinct images of human

behaviour. A theory's scientific value is a function of the validity of these images.

Six types of "monistic" criminality theory are distinguishable on the basis of their

imagery. "Integrative" theories, which evoke a complex image to unite data

underlying diverse monistic theories, are more useful than "pluralistic" theories,

which preserve images. Criticisms of "differential association" as an integrative

theory are avoided by a "differential identification" theory of criminality (Glaser,

1956).

Conceptual Framework

This study aimed to find out whether a significant response of the

authorities against the extent of criminality in General Santos City. The

conceptual framework 0-0-presents the two variables involved in this study.

Objectively, the extent of criminality in General Santos City and response of

authorities is the independent variable and the dependent variable is the

authorities’ response. Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

VC

NJNJNJNNJNJNXXXZCVG

ENSFFDFBBBBBB
EXTENT OF CRIMINALITY IN
RESPONSE OF AUTHORITIES
GENERAL SANTOS CITY

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Significant of the study

This study is believed to the significant benefits of the following: This study

can be significant the importance of immediate response by authority to lessen

the criminality in General Santos City. The presence in helping Law enforcement

to decrease criminality in facing and fixing Criminal activities to be less there

burden. The implemented police activities also in midnight to determine and

prevent any crime will happen and to secure the lives of the people.

Scope and limitation of the study

This study is limited only to the authorities and immediate response to

lessen criminality in General Santos City. This study did not include the personal

problems encountered by the authorities.

Definition of Terms

The following terms were defined operationally for better understanding on

this study.

Response of the Authority

This means immediate response of authorities with in the city of General

Santos City
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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the study

A security guard also known as a security inspector or protective agent is

a person employed by a government or private party to protect the employing

party`s assets (property ,people, equipment, money and etc. ) from variety of

hazards (such as waste, damaged property ,unsafe working behaviour, criminal

activity such as theft, etc.) by enforcing preventative measures. Security guards

do this maintaining a high visibility presence to deter illegal and inappropriate

actions, by monitoring alarm systems or video surveillance cameras, sign of

crime or other hazards (such as fire) taking action to minimize damage such as

warning and escorting trespassers off property, and reporting incidents to their

client’s and emergency services.

But some of other security personnel are untrained or did not undergo the

process of being licensed security guard. One untrained security officer can ruin

a company`s brand and reputation of the industry as a whole. Recently hundreds

of people in Florida went under investigation for carrying fake licenses that

allowed carrying a gun at work. Many states require that security officers add

hours of fire arm training and pass a test before they can carry a weapon. In

2014, spring dale job corps, school in Troutdale, Oregon, found itself on the

receiving end of a $7million lawsuit when a privately employed security officer

working on a campus hurt a student. The guard had a criminal record history

including charges of prostitution and fraud, the company that hired him missed

it .Forged training certificates were just the first clue many of the security officers

arrested had no training. Spotting and falsified license is extremely hard. Many

companies encountered a costumer complaint because of the behaviour of

untrained security personnel. (Roger Clark 2015)

SOUTH AFRICA-high level of crime and violence continue to rock our

nation and, as result, people have had little choice but to turn to high walls,

electric fences and security companies to keep invading criminals out. South

Africa has one of the largest private security forces in the world with security

guards and body guards vastly outnumbering the police, but there are still

security companies who operate under the radar and their guards not trained or

registered require by law. ( Myertal.com 2015)

MANILA-The Philippine national police (PNP) ordered NC Lanting, the

security agency hired to guard the mall complex when it was attacked and

torched by an armed man, to stop posting guard in the complex and relieve

currently posted personnel until further notice. In an ordered issued by pnp`s

supervisory office for security and investigation agencies (SOSIA) chief

superintendent Jose Maria Espino pinpointed atleast 5 security lapses committed

by the agency in an attack that claimed the lives of 37 guests and employees.

(Rappler.com)

KIDAPAWAN CITY-Police confiscates 10 firearms issued to unlicensed

security guards in kidapawan city. It would also file a criminal charges against
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non-commissioned police officer allegedly delaying on the release of the licenses

of the guards, and for collecting money for these documents. During the

inspection, tagum and his assistant, chief ins. Leo Ajero of cotabato provincial

bomb data center,found that the guards assigned in two business establishments

here have expired guard licenses. (MindaNews.com)

Statement of the problem

The main concern of the study is to determine whether there is a

significant relationship between the extent of untrained security personnel and

the level of their discipline in General Santos City.

The researcher wants to find answer to the following question:

1. How is the problems encountered by city against untrained security

personnel?

2. What is the level of their discipline?

3. Is there a relationship between the extent of untrained security personnel

and

The level of their discipline?

Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship between the extent of untrained security

personnel and the level of their discipline in General Santos City.

Conceptual framework of the study

This study aimed to find out whether there a significant relationship

between the problems encountered by General Santos City against untrained

security personnel and level of their discipline. The conceptual framework

presents the two variables involved in this study. Objectively, the extent of

untrained security personnel is the independent variable and the dependent

variable is the level of their discipline.

Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study.