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1factors Affecting The Approaches of Crimes and Criminality
1factors Affecting The Approaches of Crimes and Criminality
1. GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS
2. BIOLOGICAL FACTORS
PHYSIOGNOMY
- Study of the relationship between the facial features and human conduct of a person in relation to his
crimes.
- Study was used by Beccaria in 1764 (Crime and Punishment) and Lavater in 1775 (Physiognomical
fragment) wherein they both stated that the way to discover the character of a person is by:
a. observation of physical appearance
b. measurement of the outward appearance
PHRENOLOGY OR CRANIOLOGY
- Study of the external formation of the skull
- Franz Joseph Spurzheim claimed in their study that the shape of the head of the criminals differs from
that of non- criminals.
BIOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
Believe that criminals are born and that they can be identified by their physical characteristics.
• Johann Kaspar Lavater (Physiognomist)
- studied the facial features; shape of ears, nose and eyes and distance between them associated with
anti-social behavior.
CHEMICAL FACTORS
Food components that cause allergies and associated with behavioral disorder.
In 1979, Dan White San Francisco, USA (Junk food Defense)