Electrical License Examination Guide: 20210211 - Licensingexaminationguide Checked 20210211

Electrical License Examination Guide
The information in this guide is provided by the Licensing Unit of the Department of Labor and
Industry to ensure that applicants for personal electrician licenses administered by the
department understand basic qualifications, knowledge areas, and examination criteria and
format to enable them to successfully complete requirements to become licensed. Although
this document contains a significant amount of detail, it should not be construed by applicants
to be inclusive of all information necessary to successfully make application, pass a license
examination, and subsequently become licensed by the department. It is the applicant’s
responsibility to adequately prepare to successfully complete the license examination process.
The examination question format, degree of difficulty, and length of examination has been
in effect since January 1, 2021.
The 2020 National Electrical Code® became effective November 17, 2020 and is the code
edition used for the questions in the electrical license examinations.
The Lineman license examination is based on the 2017 National Electrical Safety Code®.
20210211_LicensingExaminationGuide Checked 20210211 1

Table of Contents
License Examination: Page 3
Purpose Page 3
General Page 3
Question Format Page 4
Degree of Difficulty Page 4
Length of Examination Page 5
Examination Results Page 5
Examination Review or Appeal Page 5
Sample Questions: Page 6
Formulas and Sample Calculations: Page 7
Examination Knowledge Areas: Page 19
American’s With Disabilities Act: Page 28
Scheduling Examinations: Page 30
Qualifications for License Applicants: Page 31

Electrical Engineering Degree Page 31
Technical College Program Credit Page 31
Military Experience Page 31
Practical Experience Acceptable to the Department Page 31
Experience Requirements by License Type Page 31
Qualification for Satellite System Installer Applicants Page 31
Reciprocal Licenses: Page 32
Continuing Education Requirement Overview: Page 33
Personal License and Examination Application: Page 33

License Examination
Purpose
Successfully completing a license examination provides evidence that the applicant possesses the necessary
knowledge and expertise to be licensed in a specific profession or for a specific scope of work within a
profession.
Licensing examinations are designed to assess the applicant’s competence after they have completed their
qualifying education, training and experience. Licensing examinations are designed to assess higher level skills
than academic examinations by assessing the applicant’s ability to apply the competencies they gained from
their education, training and experience in actual practice.
Licensing examinations are intended to assure the public that the person passing an examination is qualified to
practice within the scope of the license without causing harm to the public.
The purpose of this license examination guide is to provide applicants with awareness of knowledge areas
covered by specific license examinations, question and examination format, degree of difficulty for specific
license examinations, length of examination and length of time allowed to complete their examination.
Applicants are encouraged to review this entire guide to ensure their understanding of the examination process
and governing rules.
General
A copy of the National Electrical Code or the National Electrical Safety Code book is provided in the soft-cover
format and does not include tabs or other aids. The edition of the National Electrical Code is the edition adopted
as part of the state building code at the time the examination is administered. The edition of the National
Electrical Safety Code is the most current edition at the time the examination is administered. The electronic
calculator is of the common desk type that includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, square root,
and percentage functions. The Laws and Rules Booklet provided for the examination is in the Department’s
current format and represents the laws and rules in effect at the time the examination is administered.
1. Examination instructions are intended to be clear, concise and complete. No questions may be asked of the
examination proctor (test administrator).
2. Applicants should understand the question without having to read the answer selections.
3. Examination questions relate to knowledge areas within the scope of the applicable license.
4. Examination questions reasonably cover the knowledge areas within the scope of the applicable license.
5. Examination questions relate to knowledge areas that are common. The examination knowledge areas are
within the areas of work generally experienced by applicants for, or persons holding, the class of the
applicable license.
6. Applicants are allowed to use the National Electrical Code or National Electrical Safety Code (used only for
the lineman examination), a Laws and Rules Booklet, and an electronic calculator during their entire
examination. Unless code references are specifically required by an individual question, no code references
are required as part of any answer. All reference materials and a calculator are provided by the Department.
No other materials or electronic devices, including cell phones, are allowed in the building. Although
reference materials are available for the entire examination, applicants should be adequately prepared and
not rely on provided reference materials to answer all questions. The majority of questions are intended to
be answered without the applicant needing to refer to reference materials.

7. Applicants observed giving or receiving assistance from other applicants or outside parties shall be
automatically failed and required to submit a new application, including submission of required fees.
8. Applicants observed copying questions or making notes regarding questions shall be automatically failed and
required to submit a new application, including submission of required fees.
9. During their examination, applicants may leave the examination room to use the restroom, but are not
permitted to leave the building. Applicants leaving the building prior to completing their examination shall be
automatically failed and required to submit a new application, including submission of required fees.
10. In addition to being monitored by the on-site proctor, the examination room may be electronically monitored.
11. Examination materials, including completed examinations and scoring keys, are classified as nonpublic by
Minnesota Statutes section 13.34. Applicants will only be provided with access to examination materials
during the time they are being examined.
Question Format
1. Examination questions are formatted in a manner that requires the applicant to demonstrate mastery of the
knowledge area.
2. Variables in a question ensure that the appropriate knowledge area(s) or code rule(s) must be applied to
arrive at the correct answer.
3. Multiple-choice answer selections for knowledge areas with multiple conditions or requirements are worded
in a manner that requires the applicant to demonstrate knowledge of the subject matter and minimize the
applicant’s opportunity to select a correct answer(s) based on key words.
4. Questions with a negative-response format such as “which of the following does NOT apply,” are only used in
limited instances. This is a companion format to the multiple-correct answer format identified in 3 above.
5. Incorrect multiple-choice answer selections are “plausible.”
6. Questions may include extraneous information.
7. Unless stated otherwise in specific questions, all questions and related answers assume a “unity” power
factor.
8. Some questions relate to code violations repeatedly made by installers of electrical wiring. Practical
experience must be augmented by quality training to ensure the applicant’s complete and accurate
understanding of electrical code and theory.
Degree of Difficulty
1. Each examination question is assigned a degree of difficulty rating from 1 to 5, with 5 being the most
difficult. “Degree of difficulty” as used in administration of the department’s license examinations has
no relationship to academic “grade point average” achievement.
2. Questions rated least difficult (lowest) are those that relate to a single knowledge area, such as
definitions or those requiring the application of a single code rule, or do not require complex
mathematical calculations.
3. Questions rated most difficult (highest) are those that require the application of multiple code rules or
require multiple or complex mathematical calculations.
4. Each examination is assigned a degree of difficulty range that is commensurate with the responsibility
or authority of the applicable license.
5. Approximately 50% of specific license examination questions have a degree of difficulty within the
overall “degree of difficulty” range for the license type.

6. The examination for those license types that allow the holder of the license to be the “responsible
licensed person” for an employer or contractor have an average degree of difficulty range between 2.5
to 3.5. This category includes Class A master electrician, master elevator constructor, maintenance
electrician, satellite system installer and power limited technician.
7. The examination for those license types that require the license holder to be provided with general
supervision by a person holding a license type identified in 6 above have an average degree of difficulty
range between 1.5 to 2.5. These license types include Class A journeyworker and elevator constructor.
8. The examinations for Class B installer and lineman have an average degree of difficulty range between
1.5 to 2.5.
9. Examination questions are structured to use words and phrases appropriate to the license, without
using non-electrical code and theory terms that would unnecessarily increase the degree of difficulty.
Length of Examination
1. The license examinations for the Class A master electrician and the Class A journeyworker electrician
consists of 80 questions.
2. The license examination for the power limited technician consists of 80 questions.
3. The license examinations for the maintenance electrician consists of 70 questions, and lineman consist
of 50 questions.
4. The license examination for the Class B and satellite system installer licenses consist of 25 questions.
5. Unless stated otherwise, all examination questions have the same point value. Partial points are not
given - either full point credit or zero point credit is awarded for each question.
6. The passing score for all examination is 70 percent.
7. The time allowed to complete all examinations is 5½ hours.
Examination Results
1. Examination results are e-mailed and mailed to applicants generally within two weeks of the examination.
Examination results are not provided to applicants by telephone.
2. Examination result letters mailed to applicants who passed their examinations will contain directions on
how to obtain their license.
3. Examination result letters mailed to applicants who failed their examinations will contain directions on
how to make subsequent application.
Examination Review or Appeal
1. Examinations with scores within five (5) percentage points of passing are rechecked to ensure accuracy.
2. Written or oral reviews of individual examinations are not available to applicants. Applicants may
provide written comment to the Department’s licensing unit on specific examination questions.
3. Applicants who fail any examination may submit an application to retake the examination 30 days after
notification that they failed their examination.

Sample Questions
The sample questions are intended to identify the various question formats that are used in the
examinations. The knowledge areas used in the sample questions may not be applicable to all classes of
examination.
1) Which one of the following conditions apply where Type NM cables are permitted to enter a
panelboard through a nonflexible raceway without the cables being secured to the panelboard?
A The raceway extends directly above the enclosure without penetrating the structural
ceiling.
B Because the cables are not secured to the enclosure with a fitting, they shall be
strapped within 24-inches, measured along the cable sheath, of the outer end of the
raceway.
C The raceway shall be at least 18-inches, but not more than 130-inches long.
D The number of cables installed in the raceway is not limited where the raceway length is
not more than 24-inches.
Answer: A NEC 312.5(C)

This question demonstrates a “single correct answer” multiple-choice question format.
2) Which of the four statements listed below does NOT correctly state code requirements pertaining
to the installation of receptacle outlets installed to serve countertop surfaces in the kitchen of a
dwelling unit located in a multifamily dwelling?
A A receptacle outlet shall be installed at each wall counter space that is 12-inches or
wider.
B The required receptacle outlets shall be supplied by not less than two small-appliance
branch circuits.
C If located above, the receptacle outlets shall not be located more than 20-inches above
the counter top.
D Only receptacle outlets installed within 6-inches of the outside edge of the sink(s) shall be
required to be provided with ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel.
Answer: D NEC 210.52

This question demonstrates a “negative-response” multiple-choice question format.
3) A feeder supplies three 460-volt, three-phase, 1740 RPM, Design B, alternating-current motors.
The motors have the following nameplate ratings: 25 horsepower, 28.4 amperes; 15 horsepower,
18.2 amperes; and 10 horsepower, 11.3 amperes. Assuming all the motors are operating under
continuous duty, what minimum size XHHW-2 copper feeder circuit conductors are required to
supply the motor load? The conductor terminations are rated at 75°C.
A 2 AWG
B 3 AWG
C 4 AWG
D 6 AWG
Answer: 4 AWG NEC 430.6, 430.24, 430.250, 310.16

This question demonstrates an “absolute” multiple-choice question format.

4) When a single equipment grounding conductor is run with multiple branch circuits in the same
raceway or cable, how shall it be sized?
A The equipment grounding conductor shall be sized for the average rating of all the
overcurrent devices protecting the conductors in the raceway or cable.
B The equipment grounding conductor shall be sized for the sum of all the overcurrent
devices protecting the conductors in the raceway or cable.
C The equipment grounding conductor shall not be smaller than 10 AWG.
D The equipment grounding conductor shall be sized for the largest overcurrent device
protecting the conductors in the raceway or cable.
Answer: D NEC 250.122(C)

This question demonstrates a “common” multiple-choice question format.
Formulas and Sample Calculations

The following information includes brief explanation and example of basic electrical formulas and calculations
and is not intended to be inclusive of all formulas and calculations applicants need to be familiar with to
successfully perform electrical work or receive a passing score on any license examination administered by the
Department. Examples of more complex code calculations can be found in Annex D of the National Electrical
Code as well as in other resources. Knowledge gained through practical experience is generally not adequate to
enable an applicant to pass an electrical licensing examination. It is the responsibility of an applicant to
adequately prepare themselves, either through formal training or informal self-help training.
Units of Measurement:
The measurement system of preference for the National Electrical Code (Code) is now metric units in
accordance with the modernized metric system known as the International System of Units (SI). The SI units
appear first, followed by the inch-pound units in parentheses. This same system also applies to the Tables in
Chapter 9 and the Annexes.
Compliance with the numbers shown in either the SI system or the inch-pound system constitutes compliance
with the Code. Because most applicants are more familiar with the inch-pound units, all questions and answers
in department license examinations use the inch-pound unit system. Answers for “absolute answer” format
questions may be provided in either SI units or in inch-pound units.
Percentages, Ratios and Equations:
Electrical codes often give exact specifications based on exact criteria, then require that these specifications be
adjusted if the circumstances differ from the criteria which the exact specifications were based on. In many
cases, the original specified value is to be adjusted by a percentage. An example would be the ampacity
adjustment factors for conductors. In other cases, the Code gives the applicable percentage to be used in design
calculations. Examples of this would be applying demand factors, adjusting for continuous load or selecting
overcurrent protection for motors or transformers. A percentage is defined as a ratio of a whole number to 100.
The number value, including any decimal of this ratio, is multiplied by 100 and assigned the % sign.

Sample Percentage Questions:
1) What is 70% of 140?
• The percentage amount is divided by 100 to obtain the decimal equivalent: (70 ÷ 100 = .70)
• 140 is multiplied by .70 (140 x .70 = 98)
• Answer: 70% of 140 = 98
2) What is the result of increasing 120 by 25%?
• The percentage amount is divided by 100 (25 ÷ 100 = .25)

• 120 is multiplied by .25 (120 x .25 = 30)
• 30 is then added to the original value of 120 (30 + 120 = 150)
• Answer: 120 x 1.25 = 150
Sample Ratio Question:
A ratio is defined as a fixed comparison or proportion between two similar values, such as primary
compared to secondary or input compared to output.
1) A single-phase transformer has a nameplate voltage rating of 480/120. What is the ratio of the
primary voltage to the secondary voltage?
• The primary voltage is divided by the secondary voltage (480 ÷ 120 = 4)

• Answer: The ratio of the primary voltage to the secondary voltage is 4:1
How to transpose equations:
Formulas used in code and theory calculations are in the form of equations. An equation is a statement
of equality of two quantities of variables, such as A x B = C. While it is important to remember the
definition of an equation, it is more important to know how to transpose an equation that is not
expressed as being equal to the variable that is unknown. As an example, Ohm’s law and Watt’s law
contain three variables that can be transposed into 10 other equations. Equations (formulas) can be
transposed by one or more of the following operations performed equally on each side of the equal sign
(=): addition, subtraction, multiplication or division.
Two things to remember:

• A variable divided by itself equals 1; and
• Multiplying a variable by 1 does not change the variable and is not shown in the final equation
1) If A x B = C. Solve for A.
• To transpose this formula we divide both sides of the equation by B (A x B) ÷ B = C ÷ B

• B÷B=1
• Ax1=C÷B
• Answer: A = C ÷ B

Ohm’s Law (E = I x R):
Ohm’s law expresses the relationship of three variables, E, I and R. The electromotive force in volts is
represented by the letter E, the current in amperes is represented by the letter I, and the resistance in
ohms is represented by the letter R.
In certain alternating current circuits, the term impedance is used rather than resistance. Impedance is a
combination of resistance and reactance and is represented by the letter Z.
1) In a series circuit, the voltage dropped across a 30 Ω resistor is 75-volts. What is the current of the
circuit?
• If E = I x R, then I = E÷ R
• I = 75 ÷ 30
• Answer: I = 2.5 amperes
Watt’s Law (P = E x I)
Watt’s law expresses the relationship of three variables, P, E, and I. The power of an electrical circuit in
watts is represented by the letter P, the electromotive force in volts is represented by the letter E, and
the current in amperes is represented by the letter I. Watts is the term for the true power being used in
an electrical circuit. True power is only produced when the voltage and current sine waves are both
either positive or negative, referred to as a unity power factor. The product of E x I must be a positive
number for watts to be produced. A positive number times a negative number results in a negative
number. As an example: (pos x pos = pos), neg x neg = pos), (neg x pos = neg)
1) An electric baseboard heater is rated 1500 watts at 240-volts. What is the current drawn by the
heater?
• If P = E X I, then I = P ÷ E
• I = 1500 ÷ 240
• Answer: I = 6.25 amperes
Resistance in Series and Parallel Circuits
For the purposes of this discussion of resistance, direct current circuits and alternating circuits that do
not contain inductive or capacitive loads (unity power factor) are used.
In a series circuit, the current is the same at any point in the circuit, the total resistance is the sum of the
individual resistors, and the applied voltage is equal to the sum of the voltage dropped across all the
resistors.
1) A series circuit, consists of three resistors valued at 20 Ω, 40 Ω, and 60 Ω respectively. If the current
of the circuit is 2 amperes, what is the source voltage?
• If E = I x R
• R total = R1 + R2 + R3
• R total = 20 + 40 + 60 then R total = 120 Ω
• E = 2 x 120
• Answer: E = 240 volts

A parallel circuit is a circuit with more than one path for current flow. The total flow in the circuit is
equal to the sum of the currents in all the branches. The voltage drop across any branch of the parallel
circuit is equal to the voltage applied to the parallel branch.
There are three methods of determining the total resistance in a parallel circuit.
1) When resistors of equal value are connected in parallel, the total resistance is equal to the value of
the resistance of the resistor divided by the number of resistors.
1) What is the total resistance of three 15 Ω resistors connected in parallel?
• R total = R ÷ N
• R total = 15 ÷ 3
• Answer: RT = 5Ω
2) The product over sum method can be used for two different resistance values. In a circuit with more
than two resistors or branches, the product over sum method can be used sequentially until only
one pair of resistors is left. For example: RT = (R1 x R2) ÷ (R1 + R2)
What is the total resistance of a 20 Ω and a 30 Ω resistor connected in parallel?
• RT = (R1 x R2) ÷ (R1 + R2)

• RT = (20 x 30) ÷ (20 + 30)
• RT = 600 ÷ 50
• Answer: RT = 12 Ω
3) The third method is the reciprocal method. The total resistance of a parallel circuit is equal to the
reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the resistor values.
1 = 1 + 1 + 1
RT R1 R2 R3
What is the total resistance of a 2 Ω, 4 Ω and 8 Ω resistor connected in parallel?
1 = 1 + 1 + 1
RT 2 4 8
1 = .5 + .25 + .125
RT
1 = .875
RT
RT = 1
.875
Answer: RT = 1.143 Ω

Volt-Amperes (VA) and Kilo-Volt-Amperes (KVA)
For single- phase loads, the volt-amperes are simply the product of multiplying the voltage times the
current. In most cases the Code uses the term volt-amperes in lieu of watts. “Watts” generally is the
volt-amperes multiplied by the power factor of the circuit because it takes into account that current and
voltage may not always be in-phase or in unity. A power factor for other than resistive loads is normally
less than unity or 100% and will result in less usable power or energy. The volt-ampere load of an
alternating current circuit is also called “apparent power,” as it appears the circuit is producing power
equal to the volts times the amperes. Since this number can be quite large, the term KVA is sometimes
used. One KVA is equal to 1000 volt-amperes.
Single- Phase: KVA = E x I

1000
For three-phase calculations, the volt-amperes are multiplied by 1.732 (square root of 3).
Three- Phase: KVA = E x I x 1.732

1000
Voltage Drop Calculations
While the Code does not mandate a specific allowable amount of voltage drop on feeders and branch
circuits, it does recommend that the total voltage drop not exceed five percent for reasonable efficiency
of operation. In addition, the recommendation states that the feeders and branch circuit should have a
maximum of three percent. If the feeder circuit had two percent, the branch circuit could have three
percent or if the branch circuit had two percent, the feeder could have three percent. The voltage drop
calculation is an application of Ohm’s law. The voltage drop is equal to the current times the resistance
of the circuit. Determining the resistance of the circuit is the problematic part of the equation. The size,
material, and length of the circuit conductors determine the total resistance.
Each set of parallel conductors must be considered as one conductor when calculating voltage drop. The
voltage drop calculations presented here result in an approximate voltage drop for alternating current
circuits. Skin-effect, power factor, and harmonics are factors not taken into consideration in these
examples. The formulas described below should not be relied on for the design of large feeders or
feeders for inductive or harmonic loads.
Single-phase formulas:
1) The first formula is: VD 1Ø = (2 x K x I x L) ÷ CM

Where K is a constant of the ohms per mil foot, I is the circuit current in amperes, L is the length
of the circuit in one direction and CM is the circular mil area of the conductors from NEC
Chapter 9, Table 8. The “ohms per mil foot” is defined as the resistance of a conductor, one foot
long and one circular mil of area. A mil is .001 of an inch.
2) The second formula is: VD 1Ø = (2 x R x I x L) ÷ 1000

Where R is equal to the ohms per 1000 feet of conductor from NEC Chapter 9, Table 8, I is the
circuit current in amperes and L is the length of the circuit in one direction.
The voltage drop of a three- phase circuit is slightly less than that of a single- phase circuit as
only one of the three conductors is at maximum current at any given time.

Three-phase formulas:
If you are using either VD 1Ø = (2 x K x I x L) ÷ CM or VD 1Ø = (2 x R x I x L) ÷ 1000, these formulas are

modified as follows for three-phase applications:
• VD 3Ø = (1.732 x K x I x L) ÷ CM
• VD 3Ø = (1.732 x R x I x L) ÷ 1000
1) What is the voltage drop on a 240-volt, single-phase circuit, that is 150 feet from the
panelboard, has a current of 28 amperes and No.8 THWN copper conductors?
• Use K = 12.8
• VD 1Ø = (2 x K x I x L) ÷ CM
• VD 1Ø = (2 x 12.8 x 28 x 150) ÷ 16510
• VD 1Ø = 107520 ÷ 16510
• Answer: VD 1Ø = 6.5 –volts
2) What is the voltage drop on a 208-volt, three-phase branch circuit, that is 205 feet from the
panelboard, has a current of 33 amperes, and the conductors have a resistance of .510 Ω
per 1000 feet?
• VD 3Ø = (1.732 x R x I x L) ÷ 1000
• VD 3Ø = (1.732 x .510 x 33 x 205) ÷ 1000
• VD 3Ø = 5976 ÷ 1000
• Answer: VD 3Ø = 5.98 volts
Percentage of Voltage Drop
1) What is the percentage of voltage drop on a 480 volt, three-phase, feeder circuit, that is 280 feet
from the service equipment to the panelboard, has a current of 135 amperes, and 250 kcmil XHHW-
2 aluminum conductors?
• Use K = 21.1
• VD 3Ø = (1.732 x K x I x L) ÷ CM
• VD 3Ø = (1.732 x 21.1 x 135 x 280) ÷ 250,000
• VD 3Ø = (1,381,409 ÷ 250,000)
• VD 3Ø = 5.53 volts
• Percent of VD = VD ÷ EL-L x 100
• Percent of VD = 5.53 ÷ 480 x 100
• Percent of VD = .01152 x 100
• Answer: Percent of VD = 1.15%
Transformer Ratings
Transformers are commonly rated in KVA. The term KVA is a measure of apparent power in units of
1000 volt-amperes. The term KVA is not to be confused with KW (kilo-watts). KW is a measure of true
power units of 1000 watts. Even though there are some losses associated with transformers, for general
calculations the KVA of the primary is considered equal to the KVA of the secondary. The nameplate of
the transformer generally includes the KVA rating, primary and secondary voltages or combinations, the
manufacturer’s name, temperature rise, percent of impedance and if it is single- or three-phase.
Single-Phase KVA = E x I Three-Phase KVA = E x I x 1.732

1000 1000
1) Single-Phase Example: A 25 KVA, single-phase transformer is rated 480-120/240 volts. What is the
full load, primary current rating?
• 1Ø KVA = (E x I) ÷1000
• I = (KVA x 1000) ÷ E
• I = (25 X 1000) ÷ 480
• I = 25000 ÷ 480
• Answer: I = 52 amperes
2) Three-Phase Example: For three-phase loads the KVA rating is equal the voltage times the current
times 1.732. A three-phase, 750 KVA transformer is rated at 4160-208/120 volts. What is the full
load, secondary current rating?
• 3Ø KVA = E x I X 1.732 ÷ 1000

• I = (KVA x 1000) ÷ (E x 1.732)
• I = (750 x 1000) ÷ (208 x 1.732)
• I = 750000 ÷ 360.26
• Answer: I = 2081 amperes
Transformer Short-Circuit Fault Current Calculations
The available short-circuit fault current value must be known to properly select equipment ratings.
Although there are a number of factors that will affect the available short-circuit fault current at any
point on an electrical system, most calculations begin with determining the maximum available short-
circuit fault current at the load terminals of a transformer under a bolted short circuit condition without
any short-circuit or overcurrent protection and assuming an infinite primary source. Only transformer
short-circuit fault current calculations are demonstrated by the following examples. The formula for
maximum available fault current for a transformer is:
Short-circuit current [SC] = transformer secondary full-load amperes [FLA] x the multiplier
The transformer multiplier is equal to 100 divided by the transformer impedance expressed as a
percentage. The transformer impedance is generally marked on the nameplate of the transformer and is
identified by the letter “Z”.
1) What is the maximum available short-circuit fault current for a transformer with the following
secondary nameplate rating: 75 kva, 120/240 volt, single- phase, 2.5% Z?
The transformer full-load ampere rating is 75000 ÷ 240 = 312.5

The multiplier is 100 ÷ 2.5% = 40
The maximum available short-circuit fault current:
312.5 (transformer full-load amperes) x 40 (multiplier) = 12,500 short-circuit fault current
Answer: 12,500 amperes
secondary nameplate rating: 45 kva, 120/208 volt, three- phase wye, 1.2% Z?
The transformer full-load ampere rating is 45000 ÷ (208 x 1.732) = 125

The multiplier is 100 ÷ 1.2 = 83.33
125 (transformer full-load amperes) x 83.33 (multiplier) = 10416 (short-circuit fault current)
Answer: 10416 amperes

nameplate rating: 750 kva, 277/480 volt, three-phase wye, 2.75% Z?
The transformer full-load ampere rating is 750,000 ÷ (480 x 1.732) = 902

The multiplier is 100 ÷ 2.75 = 36.36
902 (transformer full-load amperes) x 36.36 (multiplier) = 32,797 (short-circuit fault current)
Answer: 32,797 amperes
The examples illustrated above are for line-to-line faults. Line-to-neutral or line-to-ground faults
will generally result in 10 to 15% higher available short-circuit fault currents.
Not considering any reduction based on circuit impedance or increase from motor load
contribution, the equipment connected to the load side of the transformers in the illustrations
above must have a short-circuit or interrupt rating not less than the calculated available short-
circuit fault current for each question.
Additional information regarding short-circuit fault current calculations is available through

many sources, including manufacturers of overcurrent devices.
Conduit Fill Calculations
Annex C of the National Electrical Code contains the Tables for conduit and tubing fill for conductors and
fixture wires of the same size. Every type of conduit, flexible conduit or tubing in which conductors are
field installed has two tables listing the maximum number of any given wire size (gauge) and type
(insulation). These Tables apply to raceways longer than 24-inches.
1) How many No.10 AWG, Type THWN conductors may be installed in trade size 1½, Schedule 80,
Polyvinyl Chloride Conduit?
• The answer is found using NEC Table C10

• Find the portion of the table that applies to Type THWN conductors
• Find No.10 AWG in the conductor size column and read the number of conductors for
the appropriate, trade size raceway from the table
• If you choose to calculate the number of conductors, rather than use the tables in Annex
C, you must apply the provisions of Note 8
• Answer: 32 conductors
When a conduit or tubing contains several different size conductors or contains conductors with
different types of insulation, a more complex procedure is to be followed. In general, this procedure
involves three steps. First, determine the combined square inch area of all the conductors. Second,
determine the percent of cross sectional area allowed for conductors based on the number of
conductors to be installed in the conduit. Third, select the size conduit or tubing that has a “percent of
area” determined in step one that exceeds the square inch area required for the conductors determined
in step two. This information is found in the tables in NEC Chapter 9. Where conduit or tubing nipples
not longer than 24-inches are installed between boxes, cabinets or similar enclosures, the nipples shall
be permitted to be filled to 60 percent of their total cross sectional area.

2) What is the minimum trade size Rigid Metal Conduit required for six - No.3 AWG THW; six – No.6
AWG THWN; one – No.8 AWG THWN; and twelve - No.14 AWG XHHW conductors?
• Using NEC Chapter 9, Table 1 it is determined that 40% of the cross sectional area of the rigid
metal conduit may be used for conductor fill because it will contain over 2 conductors.
• From NEC Chapter 9, Table 5, determine the square inch area of all the conductors, based on
their size and insulation type.
o No.3 THW - 0.1134 sq. in. times 6 conductors = 0.6804 sq. in.
o No.6 THWN - 0.0507 sq. in. times 6 conductors = 0.3042 sq. in.
o No.8 THWN - 0.0366 sq. in. times 1 conductor = 0.0366 sq. in.
o No.14 XHHW - 0.0139 sq. in. times 12 conductors = 0.1668 sq. in.
o The total cross-section area of the conductors is 1.1880 sq. in
• Using NEC Chapter 9, Table 4 under the heading of Rigid Metal Conduit, determine from the
40% column, the minimum size conduit that exceeds 1.1880 square inches.
• Answer: trade size 2
Conductor Ampacity
NEC Table 310.16 lists the allowable ampacities of conductors rated 0–2000 volts, 60°C through 90°C,
based on an ambient temperature of 30°C and not more than three current-carrying conductors in a
raceway, cable or directly buried in the earth. When conductors are used within these specific criteria it
is simply a matter of selecting the ampacity from the table based on the conductor size, insulation type
and material. These criteria limit the amount of heat generated by the current flowing through the
conductor to a safe level. Conductors used outside of these criteria must have their ampacities adjusted
accordingly.
There are two variables that may need to be considered: ambient temperatures and the numbers of
conductors in a raceway.
Ambient Temperature:
On occasion, conductors are used in environments that are warmer than an ambient temperature of
30°C (86°F). The higher temperature environments limit a conductor’s ability to safely dissipate the heat
generated by the conductor, so the ampacity must be reduced. NEC Table 310.15(B)(1) includes
correction factors for ambient temperatures other than 30°C (86°F). To correct the conductor ampacity
based on ambient temperature, multiply the allowable ampacities by the appropriate factor of the
ambient in which the conductor will operate. In addition, the temperature limitations equipment
terminations described in NEC section 110.14 must be applied when conductor ampacity/overcurrent
rating is determined.
1) What is the allowable ampacity of a No.1/0 THWN copper conductor when installed in an ambient
temperature of 107° F?
• NEC Table 310.16 lists the allowable ampacity of No.1/0 THWN copper, a 75°C rated
conductor as 150 amperes
• The correction factor is .82
• 150 x .82 = 123 amperes
• Answer: 123 amperes

Number of Conductors in a Raceway
Often more than three current-carrying conductors are installed in a single raceway.
Once again the allowable ampacity of the conductors must be reduced to prevent overheating and
damage to conductor insulation.
NEC Table 310.15(C)(1) specifies the percentage of adjustment required based on the number of
current-carrying conductors in the raceway or cable.
The percentages given in NEC Table 310.15(C)(1) are applied to the allowable ampacities of Tables
310.16 through 310.21 after any correction for ambient temperature has been made.
1) A trade size 1¼ conduit contains three, 3-phase motor circuits and an equipment grounding
conductor. The motors run at the same time and the conductors are No.8 THHN copper. What is the
allowable ampacity of these conductors?
• From NEC Table 310.16, the allowable ampacity of a No.8 THHN copper conductor is 55
amperes.
• The 55 ampere rating is based on not more than three current-carrying conductors in the
raceway and an ambient temperature of 30°C.
• Because a different ambient temperature is not stated, no correction for ambient temperature
is required, the percentages given in NEC Table 310.15(C)(1) to the ampacity listed in the table
are applied
• In this case it is 70% based on the nine current-carrying conductors.
• Note: NEC section 310.15(F) provides that the equipment grounding conductor is not counted
when applying the provisions of section 310.15(C)(1).
• 55 x .70 = 38.5 Amperes
• Answer: 38.5 Amperes
Box Fill Calculations
The Code requires that boxes and conduit bodies be of sufficient size to provide ample free space for
conductors, connections and where applicable, wiring devices. These requirements are found in NEC
section 314.16.
1) What is the maximum number of No.10 AWG THHN conductors that may be installed in a 4 x 2⅛
square metal box?
This answer can be taken directly from NEC Table 314.16(A) as there are no other volume
allowances required. Answer: 12 conductors
2) What is the maximum number of No.12 AWG conductors that may be installed in a box that is
marked with a volume of 60 cubic inches?
• NEC Table 314.16(B) gives the volume allowance required per conductor
• In this case, 2.25 cubic inches are required for each No.12 AWG conductor
• Divide the volume of the box by the volume allowance of the conductor
• Do not round up!
• 60 cubic inches ÷ 2.25 cubic inches = N
• N = 26.67
• Answer: 26 conductors

Boxes that contain devices, cable clamps, support fittings, equipment grounding conductors or different
size conductors shall be sized in accordance with NEC section 314.16(B), sections (1) – (5). These five
sections prescribe the number of volume allowance(s) required for each item listed above.
3) A 2-gang, nonmetallic box is to be used for a 3-way switch and duplex receptacle outlet. Type NM
cable is used as the wiring method. The box contains a 14-2 and a 14-3 cable for the lighting circuit
and two, 12-2 cables for the outlet circuit. The box has internal cable clamps to secure the cables.
What is the minimum cubic inch volume of the box?
Determine the volume required for the conductors. Do not count the equipment grounding
conductors at this time.
• No.14 conductors: 5 x 2.0 cubic inches = 10 cubic inches.

• No.12 conductors: 4 x 2.25 cubic inches = 9 cubic inches.
o Combine the volume required for the conductors: 10 cubic inches + 9 cubic inches = 19
cubic inches.
• Since the box has cable clamps, a single volume allowance, based on the size of the largest
conductor in the box shall be made.
o The volume allowance shall be in accordance with NEC Table 314.16(B).
o The volume allowance for the clamps is 2.25 cubic inches, based on No.12 being the
largest conductor.
• A double volume allowance shall be made for each strap or yoke containing one or more devices
or equipment, based on the size of the largest conductor connected to the device.
o The volume allowance for the 3-way switch is 4 cubic inches (2 x 2 cubic inches) and the
volume allowance for the duplex receptacle is 4.5 cubic inches (2 x 2.25 cubic inches).
o The volume allowances shall be in accordance with NEC Table 314.16(B).
o The total of the volume allowances for the devices is 8.5 cubic inches (4 cubic inches +
4.5 cubic inches = 8.5 cubic inches).
• Where up to 4 equipment grounding conductors enter a box, a single volume allowance based
on the largest equipment grounding conductor shall be made.
o Note: With more than 4 equipment grounding conductors entering a box, a further
adjustment of ¼ volume allowance needs to be added for each conductor based on the
largest conductor in the box.
o The volume allowance for the equipment grounding conductors is 2.25 cubic inches,
based on No.12 being the largest conductor.
• Combine the volume allowance for the conductors, clamps, devices and the equipment
grounding conductors.
• 19 cubic inches (conductors) + 2.25 cubic inches (clamps) + 8.5 cubic inches (devices) + 2.25
cubic inches (grounding conductors) = 32 cubic inches
• Answer: 32 cubic inches

Motor Branch Circuit and Feeder Calculations
With limited exception, conductors that supply motor branch circuits shall be sized at 125% of the full-
load current rating of the motor based on the values in NEC Tables 430.247 through 430.250, rather
than that of the motor nameplate. NEC section 430.6(A)(1) requires these tables also be used to
determine the ampere rating of switches and the branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault
protection. The motor nameplate current rating is to be used only to size the overload protection.
1) What is the minimum size THWN copper, branch circuit conductors that may be used to supply a
40 HP, 230-volt, 3Ø alternating current motor with a nameplate current of 97.6 amperes?
• As previously stated, the nameplate current is not to be used to size the branch circuit
conductors, rather the value given in NEC Table 430.250 shall be used.
• The full-load current rating of a 40 HP, 230-volt, 3Ø motor is 104 amperes.
• In accordance with NEC section 430.22, the ampere rating of the branch circuit
conductors shall be 125% of the rating found in Table 430.250.
• 104 X 1.25 = 130 amperes.
• From the 75°C column of Table 310.16, select a copper conductor with an ampacity that
equals or exceeds 130 amperes.
• Answer: No.1 AWG
2) A motor control center serves the following 3Ø, 460-volt, AC motors: 1 – 100 HP; 6 – 15 HP; and
2 –HP. What is the minimum ampacity of the feeder conductors that supply the motor control
center?
• NEC section 430.24 requires conductors supplying several motors to have an ampacity
at least equal to the sum of the full-load current ratings as determined by section
430.6(A)(1), plus 25% of the highest motor in the group.
• 124 + (124 x .25) + (6 x 21) + (2 x 11) = 303 amperes
3) Dual element, time-delay fuses are used to provide motor branch-circuit, short-circuit and
ground-fault protection for a 75 HP, 230-volt, 3Ø, Squirrel cage, Design B, three-phase motor. In
general, what is the maximum size fuse that may be installed?
• The Percentages of Full-Load Current found in NEC Table 430.52 are applied to the Full-
Load Current, Three-Phase Alternating-Current Motors of Table 430.250.
• A 75 HP, 230-volt, three-phase motor has a full-load current rating of 192 amperes.
• From the Dual Element (Time Delay) Fuse column of NEC Table 430.52, the maximum
fuse is 175% of 192 amperes. 192 x 1.75 = 336 amperes.
• Because 336 amperes is not a standard fuse rating as listed in 240.6, NEC section
430.52(C)(1) Exception No. 2, allows the next largest standard rating to be used as long
as it does not exceed 225%, in this case, 350 amperes.

Examination Knowledge Areas
The following table generally identifies knowledge areas included in examinations by license type.
The Department of Labor and Industry offers these study suggestions for the types of license examinations
indicated. This study guide must not be construed to indicate that all questions will be from the knowledge
areas indicated below or that all knowledge areas will be included on individual examinations. License
applicants are expected to be familiar with all Code requirements that apply to the scope of the license they
are applying for.
The examinations administered by the Department are identified by the following abbreviations:
AM Class A Master AJ Class A Journeyworker

EM Elevator Master EC Elevator Constructor
MN Maintenance PL Power Limited Technician
IB Class B Installer SI Satellite System Install
Lineman license examinations are based on general electrical theory and requirements found in the 2017
edition of the National Electrical Safety Code as published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc., and the Laws and Rules Regulating Licensing of Electricians and Inspection of Electrical
Installations.
Knowledge areas are based on

the 2020 National Electrical Code
AM AJ EM EC MN PL IB SI
Introduction
Mandatory rules, permissive rules and explanatory material X X X X X X X X
The authority having jurisdiction for enforcement of the Code X X X X X X X X
The purpose and adequacy of the NEC X X X X X X X X
The scope of the NEC: installations covered and not covered X X X X X X X X
Chapter 1 General
Definitions X X X X X X X X
Approval, listing and labeling of electrical equipment required X X X X X X X X
Interrupting rating of electrical equipment X X
Mechanical execution of work X X X X X X X X
Electrical connections, terminals, splices and temperature X X X X X X X
limitations of equipment
Identification of disconnecting means X X X X X X
Working space about electrical equipment and dedicated X X X X X X X
equipment space
Working space about electrical equipment and dedicated X X
equipment space over 1000 volts
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection

Means of identifying grounded circuit conductors X X X X X X
Use of conductors with white or gray color X X X X X
Connection of grounded circuit conductors to equipment X X X X X X
Use of multiwire branch circuits; limitations and identification X X X X X
of ungrounded conductors
Voltage limitation of branch circuits and branch circuit X X
receptacle requirements
Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel X X X X X
Number and types of branch circuits required X X
Arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection required X X X
Branch circuit ratings; overcurrent protection and permissible X X
loads
Required receptacle outlets for dwellings, guest rooms and X X
equipment requiring service
Required lighting outlets X X
Minimum rating, size and overcurrent protection of feeders X X
Means of identifying a conductor with a higher voltage to X X X X X X
ground
Computation of branch circuit loads including lighting, X X
receptacles and household appliances
Maximum loads permitted to be supplied by branch circuits X X
Computation of feeder and service loads for dwellings, non- X X
dwellings and farms
Computation of feeder and service neutral load X X
Lighting equipment installed outdoors X X
Branch circuit and feeder conductors installed overhead X X
Number of supplies to additional structures X X
Requirements for disconnecting means at additional X X
structures; suitable for service equipment
Number of services permitted to a building or structure X X
Service conductors considered outside of a building X X
Other conductors not permitted in service raceways or cables X X
Clearances from building openings, above roofs and vertical X X
clearance from ground
Size and rating of service drop conductors; point and means of X X
attachment
Size and rating of service lateral conductors; protection X X
against damage and spliced conductors
Number of service-entrance conductor sets X X
Minimum size and rating of service entrance conductors X X
Requirements for overhead service locations; drip loops and X X
arranged that water will not enter
Service disconnecting means; readily accessible location and X X
suitable for use
Maximum number of service disconnects; grouping of X X
disconnects and access to occupants
Minimum rating of service disconnecting means and X X
combined rating of disconnects
Equipment permitted to be connected to the supply side of X X
the service disconnect
Overload protection for service conductors X X
Ground-fault protection of equipment; settings and X X X
performance testing
Overcurrent protection of conductors; devices rated 800 X X
amperes or less
Overcurrent protection of conductors; devices rated over 800 X X
amperes
Overcurrent protection of small conductors, tap conductors, X X X X
and transformer secondary conductors
Standard ampere ratings of fuses and circuit breakers X X X X X
Location of overcurrent protection in a circuit; branch circuit X X
and feeder tap rules
Conditions where overcurrent protection is allowed in series X X X X
with the grounded circuit conductor
Location of overcurrent devices; readily accessible, accessible X X X
to occupants
Locations where overcurrent devices are not permitted X X
Maximum voltage and limitations of plug fuses X X X
Marking of circuit breakers; interrupting rating; use as X X X X X X
switches and voltage rating
Application of straight voltage rating; slash voltage rating; and X X X X X X
series ratings of circuit breakers
Definitions of terms associated with grounding and bonding X X X X X X X X
General requirements for grounding and bonding X X X X X X X X
Grounding connections arranged to prevent objectionable X X X X X
current over the grounding system
Grounding and bonding connections required to be made by X X X X X X X X
listed means
Alternating-current circuits and systems required to be X X X
grounded or not required to be grounded
Grounding A-C Services: grounding electrode conductor X X X
connected to the grounded conductor
Grounding A-C Services: additional grounding connection X X X
made at outdoor transformers
Grounding A-C Services: main bonding jumper required; X X X
material, construction, attachment, and size
Grounding A-C Services: grounded conductor required to be X X X
brought to the service equipment, minimum size
Grounding A-C Systems: conductor required to be grounded X X X
Grounding separately derived systems: bonding jumper and X X X
equipment bonding jumper size
Grounding separately derived systems: grounding electrode X X
and grounding electrode conductor and taps
Grounding A-C Services: two or more buildings or structures X X
supplied from a common service
Electrodes permitted for grounding; installing the grounding X X X
electrode system; supplemental electrode required
Requirements for installing the grounding electrode X X X
conductor; material; minimum size required; protection from
physical damage
Connections to the grounding electrode X X X X X
Methods of bonding at the service; provisions for bonding X X X X X X
other systems required
Bonding for circuits over 250 volts X X X X
Bonding in hazardous (classified) locations X X X X
Equipment bonding jumpers: size on supply side of the X X X
service; size on load side of the service
Bonding of piping systems and exposed structural steel X X X
Equipment grounding and equipment grounding conductors X X X X X X X
Types of equipment grounding conductors and means of X X X X X X X
identification of equipment grounding conductors
Size of equipment grounding conductors; multiple circuits, X X X X X X X
and conductors in parallel
Methods of equipment grounding X X X X X X X
Use of the grounded circuit conductor for grounding X X X X
equipment; supply-side equipment, load-side equipment
Connection of the receptacle grounding terminal to the outlet box; X X X X X X X
continuity and attachment of equipment grounding conductors to boxes

Chapter 3 Wiring Methods and Materials
All conductors of the same circuit contained in the same X X X X X X
raceway, trench, cable, etc.
Conductors of different systems permitted in the same X X X X X X X
enclosure or raceway
Conductors protected from physical damage, bored holes, X X X X
notches in wood, through and parallel to framing members
Insulating fittings required for conductors 4 AWG and larger X X X X X X
Underground installations, minimum cover requirements for X X X X X
various wiring methods and locations
Underground installations, protection from damage, splices X X X X
and taps, bushings required, all conductors of the same
circuit, ground movement
Sealing raceways exposed to different temperatures, X X X X X X X X
expansion fittings
Requirements for securing and supporting raceways, boxes, X X X X X X X X
etc.
Ceiling wires as means of support, raceways used as a means X X X X X
of support
Mechanical and electrical continuity of conductors; device X X X
removal; and length of free conductor required at outlets and
switch points
Boxes required at each outlet, switch, or splice point X X X X X X X X
Raceways installed in complete runs; number and size of X X X X X X X
conductors installed in raceways
Requirements for supporting conductors in vertical raceways X X X X X
Conductors carrying alternating current in metal raceways X X X X X X
arranged to avoid heating by induction
Spread of fire or products of combustion X X X X X X X
Wiring in ducts, plenums and other spaces used for X X X X X X X
environmental air
Minimum cover requirements for various wiring methods over X X
1000 volts nominal
Requirements for conductors connected in parallel X X X X
Conductors in dry locations; damp locations; wet locations; X X X X X X X
conductors exposed to direct sunlight and temperature
limitations of conductors
Selection of conductor ampacity from applicable tables, X X X X X X
corrections for ambient temperature and adjustment factors
Conductors determined to be current carrying conductors X X X X X
Conductor ampacities for 120/240-volt 3-wire, single-phase X X
dwelling services and feeders
Conductors entering cabinets, panelboards and meter X X X X X
socket enclosures
Wire bending space at terminals and minimum width of wiring X X X X X
gutters
Installation and use of boxes and conduit bodies X X X X X
Number of conductors permitted in outlet, device, junction boxes, X X X X X X
and conduit bodies; application of volume allowances
Conductors entering boxes, conduit bodies, or fittings X X X X X X X X
Boxes installed in walls or ceilings, boxes required to X X X X X X X X
supported by approved methods
Outlet boxes installed for luminaires X X X X X
Requirements for enclosures and conduit bodies used as pull X X X X X
or junction boxes
Manholes and other electric enclosures intended for personal X X
entry
Pull and junction boxes for use on systems over 1000 volts, X X
nominal
Installation requirements for Type AC, MC, NM, and UF cable: X X X X X X
Uses permitted, uses not permitted, exposed and concealed,
securing and supporting
Installation requirements for Type TC cable, uses permitted, X X
uses not permitted, bending radius and ampacity
Installation requirements for Type SE and USE cable, uses X X X
permitted
Installation requirements for Type IMC and RMC: uses X X X X X X X
permitted; uses not permitted; bends; threading and reaming;
securing and supporting; number of conductors permitted
Installation requirements for Type RNC: uses permitted, uses X X X X X X X
not permitted, bends, securing and supporting and expansion
fittings, number of conductors permitted
Installation requirements for Type FMC, LFMC, and LFNC: uses X X X X X X X
permitted; uses not permitted; securing and supporting;
grounding and bonding; number of conductors permitted
Installation requirements for Type EMT: uses permitted; uses X X X X X X X
not permitted; bends; securing and supporting; number of
conductors permitted
Sheet metal and nonmetallic auxiliary gutters; number of X X X X X
conductors; ampacity of conductors; spices and taps; support
Busways; uses permitted, uses not permitted and support X X
Metal and nonmetallic wireways: uses permitted; uses not X X X X X
permitted; number and size of conductors; securing and
supporting
Surface metal and surface nonmetallic raceways: uses X X X X X X
permitted; uses not permitted; size and number of
conductors; combination raceways
Cable trays; uses permitted; supports; raceways, cables, and X X X
boxes supported from cable tray systems; installation of
conductors
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use

Types of flexible cords and cables; ampacities for flexible X X X X X X
cords and cables; uses permitted and uses not permitted
Switch connections; enclosures not to be used as raceways; X X X X
mounting height; voltage between adjacent devices; ratings of
snap switches
Receptacles required to grounding type and grounded; X X X X X
replacements, nongrounding type, GFCI requirements; wet
locations
Switchboards and panelboards; used as service equipment; X X
phase arrangement; circuit directory required; clearance for
conductors
Classification of panelboards; number of overcurrent devices X X
on one panelboard; overcurrent protection for panelboards;
back-fed devices
Grounded conductor required to terminate in an individual X X X X X
terminal within panelboards
Luminaires in specific locations, over combustible material, in X X
clothes closets; luminaires required to be supported and
grounded
Cord-connected luminaires; luminaires used as raceways; X X X
wiring supplying luminaires connected together;
Special provisions for flush and recessed luminaires; spacing X X X
from combustible materials; installation within thermal
insulation
Special provisions for electric-discharge lighting systems of X X X
more than 1000 volts; track lighting, connected load, locations
not permitted
Requirements for lighting systems operating at 30 volts or X X X X
less; locations not permitted; secondary circuits not to be
grounded
Appliances: branch-circuit rating and overcurrent protection; X X X X
individual circuit required for central heating equipment
Appliances: connected with flexible cords; support of ceiling X X X
suspended paddle fans; disconnecting means required
Fixed electric space-heating equipment: branch circuit X X X
requirements and sizing; disconnecting means required;
overcurrent protection
Electric space-heating cables: GFCI required for heated floors of X X X
bathrooms, in hydromassage bathtub, spa, and hot tub
locations
Clearances of wiring above electrically heated ceilings; branch- X X X
circuit and feeder wiring in walls
Fixed outdoor electric deicing and snow-melting equipment: X X X
expansion and contraction; requirements for ground-fault
protection of equipment
Fixed electric heating equipment for pipelines and vessels: X X X
branch circuit sizing; requirements for ground-fault protection
of equipment
Motors, motor circuits and controllers: ampacity and motor X X X X X X
rating determination (use tables); branch circuit conductors
for a single motor
Conductors supplying several motors and other loads; motor X X X X X X
overload protection required;
Motor branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault X X X X X X
protection: individual motor circuit; several motors or loads
on one branch-circuit
Motor feeder short-circuit and ground-fault protection: rating X X X X X X
or setting for a specific load
Motor control circuits: definition; overcurrent protection X X X X X X
required; control circuit transformers; disconnecting means
required
Disconnecting means required: location in relation to the X X X X X X
controller; location in relation to the motor; ampere rating
and interrupting capacity
Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment: branch-circuit X X X X X X X
conductor ampacity, short-circuit and ground-fault protection;
disconnect required
Branch circuit requirements for room air conditioners X X
Ampacity of conductors tapped from generator terminals X X X
Overcurrent protection for transformers and auto- X X X
transformers 1000 volts, nominal, or less
Overcurrent protection for transformers over 1000 volts, nominal X X X
Dry-type transformers installed indoors; dry-type X X X
transformers installed above suspended ceilings
Ampacity of capacitor circuit conductors; motor circuits X X X
including a capacitor
Equipment over 1000 volts, nominal; circuit interrupting X X X
devices
Chapter 5 Special occupancies
Hazardous (classified) locations: Classes I, II, and III; Divisions 1 X X X X
and 2; definitions, classifications of locations and material
groups
Class I locations: wiring methods including flexible X X X X
connections; sealing requirements, location of fittings,
thickness of compound, grounding and bonding; multiwire
branch circuit limitations
Class II locations: wiring methods including flexible X X X X
connections; boxes and fittings; sealing; luminaires; grounding
and bonding; multiwire branch circuit limitations
Class III locations: wiring methods including flexible X X X X
connections; grounding and bonding
Commercial garages: classified and unclassified locations; X X X X
wiring and equipment in Class I locations; wiring and
equipment installed above Class I locations; GFCI for
personnel; grounding and bonding
Motor fuel dispensing facilities: unclassified and classified X X X X
locations; wiring and equipment in and above Class I
locations; underground; wiring; sealing and circuit disconnects
Spray application processes: definitions; classifications of X X X X
locations; wiring, equipment and luminaires in Class I
locations
Health care facilities: definitions; grounding of receptacles and X X X
fixed electrical equipment in patient care areas; panelboard
bonding; general care areas; critical care areas; essential
electrical systems
Places of assembly: Scope and general classifications; wiring X X X
methods
Carnivals and fairs: overhead conductor clearances; wiring X X
methods permitted, support and protection; GFCI protection
for personnel; grounding and bonding
Temporary installations: time constraints; feeders, branch X X X X
circuits, receptacles, splices and support; GFCI protection for
personnel
Agricultural buildings: definitions; wiring systems, equipment X X
enclosures, boxes and fittings suitable for the location; GFCI
protection for personnel; electrical supply from a distribution
point; equipotential planes
Mobile homes, manufactured homes and mobile home parks: X X
definitions; distribution system demand factors; service rating
and mounting height
Recreational vehicle parks: distribution system; grounding RV X X
site supply equipment; RV site supply equipment
Marinas and boatyards: definitions; location of service X X
equipment; load calculations; wiring methods; equipment
grounding; shore power receptacles
Chapter 6 Special Equipment

Electric signs and outline lighting: required branch circuit; X X X
disconnect within sight of sign and controller; ballasts,
transformers and electronic power supplies in soffits and
suspended ceilings; neon signs
Office furnishings: cord-and-plug connected freestanding-type X X X

partitions
Elevators and escalators: live parts enclosed to protect against X X X X
accidental contact; installation of conductors; minimum size
of conductors; feeders and branch circuit conductors
Elevators and escalators: wiring methods in hoistways, X X X X
wellways and runways; branch circuit requirements for
elevator cars, machine rooms, control rooms
Elevators and escalators: number of conductors in wireways; X X X X
supports for cables and raceways in hoistways, wellways and
runways
Elevators and escalators: requirements for disconnecting X X X X X
means and overcurrent protection; grounding and GFCI
protection for personnel
Information technology equipment: special requirements for X X X
information technology equipment rooms; wiring methods
under raised floors; disconnecting means required
Electrically driven or controlled irrigation machines: X X X X
disconnecting means; grounding; bonding; methods of
grounding
Swimming pools, similar installations: definitions; clearance X X X
from overhead conductors; location and depths of
underground wiring; wiring methods of permanently installed
pools; area lighting, receptacles, and equipment
Swimming pools, similar installations: bonding of metallic X X
structural components; common bonding grid; GFCI protection
for personnel
Spas and hot tubs: outdoor installations, wiring methods; X X
indoor installations, locations of receptacles, luminaires, walls
switches; bonding and grounding
Solar photovoltaic systems: definitions; disconnecting means; X X X
wiring methods
Small wind electric systems X X
Fire pumps X X
Chapter 7 Special Conditions

Emergency systems: capacity and rating; separation from X X X X
other wiring and equipment; sources of power
Legally required standby systems: capacity and rating; sources X X
of power
Class 1, 2 and 3 remote-control signaling and power limited X X X X X X
circuits: definitions; power source requirements; overcurrent
protection; wiring methods; conductors of different systems
in same raceway, enclosure, etc.; cable uses and permitted
substitutions
Class 1, 2 and 3 remote-control signaling and power limited X X X X
circuits: abandoned cables; access to equipment of above
suspended ceilings; remote-control circuits for safety-control
equipment
Fire alarm systems: non-power-limited and power-limited X X X X
circuits
Optical fibers cables and raceways: cables within buildings; X X X
cable markings; optical fibers installed with electrical
conductors; cable substitutions
Critical operations power systems X X X X

Chapter 8 Communication Systems
Communication circuits: mechanical execution of work; X X X X X
protective devices; cable and primary protector grounding;
raceways for wires and cables within buildings; cable
markings, permitted uses and substitutions
Radio and television equipment: grounding receiving stations X X X X
and metal support structures
Community antenna television: ground cable shields; X X X X
grounding methods and materials; cables installed within
buildings; coaxial cable uses and permitted substitutions
Network-powered broadband communication systems: wiring X X X
methods within buildings
Chapter 9 Tables
Notes to tables: percent of cross section of raceways for X X X X X X X
conductors; use Annex C for conductors all the same size and
insulation type; dimensions and percent area of conduit and
tubing; dimensions of insulated conductors
Notes to tables: conductor properties; alternating-current X X X X X
resistance; Annex D, examples of branch-circuit, feeder,
service, and motor circuit calculations; Annex E, types of
construction
Notes to tables: class 2 and 3 alternating-current power X X X
source limitations
Applied Electrical Theory, Electrical Systems and Equipment

General mathematics including transposing equations; X X X X X X X X
calculating area, volume, and percentages
Ohm’s law, Watt’s law, and voltage drop calculations X X X X X X X X
Characteristics of series and parallel circuits X X X X X X
Voltage, current, and power of single-phase and three-phase X X X X X X X
systems
Motor and transformer connections: single-phase; three- X X X X X
phase; transformer taps; wye and delta configurations;
115/230, 230/460 volt connections
Transformers: auto-transformers; short-circuit current X X X
available at secondary
Motor control circuits: three-wire, start-stop; start-stop-jog; X X X X
control circuit transformers
Power factor and power factor correction X X
Trouble shooting common electrical problems X X X X X X X

A BRIEF SUMMARY OF YOUR RIGHTS UNDER AMERICAN DISABILITIES ACT
AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT INTRODUCTION
The Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) covers “public entities.” The Department of Labor and Industry
(Department) is a “public entity” covered by the ADA. The Department may not refuse to allow a person
with a disability to take the examination simply because the person has a disability. It must permit persons
with disabilities to take the examination in an integrated setting unless separate or different measures are
necessary to ensure equal opportunity. It must eliminate unnecessary eligibility standards or rules that
deny individuals with disabilities an equal opportunity to take the examination.
WHO IS COVERED?
The ADA provides comprehensive civil rights protection for “qualified individuals with disabilities.” An
“individual with a disability” is a person who: 1) has a physical or mental impairment that substantially
limits a “major life activity,” 2) has a record of such an impairment, or 3) is regarded as having such an
impairment. “Major life activities” include functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks,
walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.
Individuals who currently engage in the illegal use of drugs are not protected by the ADA when an action is
taken on the basis of their current illegal use of drugs.
A “qualified” individual with a disability is one who meets the essential eligibility requirements for the
examination. The Department is not required to take any action that would result in a fundamental
alteration in the nature of the examination or an undue financial and administrative burden. However, the
Department must take any other action, if available, that would not result in a fundamental alteration or
undue burdens but would ensure that individuals with disabilities receive the benefits or services.
WHAT IS REQUIRED?
The Department is required to make reasonable modifications in any policies, practices, and procedures
that deny equal access to individuals with disabilities, unless a fundamental alteration in the examination
would result. To do so, it must furnish auxiliary aids and services when necessary to ensure effective
communication, unless an undue burden or fundamental alteration would result. The Department may not
place special charges on individuals with disabilities to cover the costs of measures necessary to ensure
nondiscriminatory treatment, such as making modifications required to provide program accessibility or
providing qualified interpreters. Finally, it must operate the examination so that, when viewed in its
entirety, it is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities.
Integration of individuals with disabilities into the mainstream of society is fundamental to the purposes of
the ADA. The Department may not provide the examination to individuals with disabilities through
programs that are separate or different, unless the separate programs are necessary to ensure that the
benefits and services are equally effective. Even when separate programs are permitted, an individual with
a disability still has the right to choose to participate in the regular program. The Department cannot
require an individual with a disability to accept a special accommodation or benefit if the individual
chooses not to accept it.
QUESTIONS?
If you have any questions about the ADA we encourage you to contact the United States Department of
Justice which as an ADA information line, at https://www.ada.gov/infoline.htm

INFORMATION ABOUT THE EXAMINATIONS AND AVAILABILITY OF
ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
GENERAL INFORMATION
If you are a person with a disability, you have certain rights under the Americans with Disabilities Act
(“ADA”). A brief summary of these rights is on the back of this sheet. It is not meant to be complete. If you
have any questions about the ADA we encourage you to contact the United States Department of Justice
which as an ADA information line, at https://www.ada.gov/infoline.htm
ABOUT THE EXAMINATIONS

A copy of the License Examination Guide may be obtained from the Department’s website at:
http://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/LicensingExaminationGuide.pdf
Examinations are held weekly, generally every Saturday, at the Department of Labor and Industry Building
located at 443 Lafayette Road North, Saint Paul, just north of the intersection of Interstate 94 and US
Highway 52 (Lafayette Road North), on the northeast edge of downtown Saint Paul. The building is
accessible to persons with physical disabilities.
Specify instructions for scheduling and appearing for an examination are included in the letter that is sent
to approved applicants.
ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS
The ADA requires this agency to make “reasonable accommodations” for applicants with disabilities in
giving the examinations. If you are a person with a disability which may affect your ability to enter the
examination facility or to take any portion of the examination, the ADA may require the agency to provide
alternative examination arrangements. We are not required to do so if we are unaware of your need for
alternatives. Based on the above description of the examination facilities and the examination itself, we
ask that you inform us of any alternative arrangements you may require to take the examination. Please
describe in detail:
(Use additional paper if necessary and attach to this form)
SIGNATURE DATE
IF YOU ARE REQUESTING ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON A DISABILITY, PLEASE SUBMIT THIS
FORM WITH YOUR APPLICATION FOR EXAMINATION FORM.

Scheduling Examinations
Before anyone may schedule an examination date, the individual’s examination application must be
approved by DLI. There are no exceptions.
Dates scheduled by individuals without written approval of their application will be rejected and not
scheduled. Individuals retesting after a failed examination must apply for another examination date.
Detailed examination dates, location and scheduling information can be accessed at:
http://www.dli.mn.gov/business/get-licenses-and-permits/license-exam-schedule
Applicants must schedule their examinations ahead of time. Walk-ins are not permitted to take an
examination. Applicants may reschedule their examination one time. Applicants that fail to appear for a
rescheduled examination as well as applicants that fail their examination must submit a new application
and examination fee before being approved for examination or reexamination.
All examination types administered at the St. Paul office begin at 8:15 a.m. and end at 1:45.
All examination types are allotted 5½ hours for completion. All applicants should arrive at the
examination site not later than 30 minutes before their scheduled starting time. A picture ID must be
presented by all applicants when they appear for examination.
Note: Food and drink are permitted during the exam. Use of restrooms is permitted. However, applicants
are not allowed to leave the building once the examination has started.
The Department of Labor and Industry Building located at 443 Lafayette Road North, Saint Paul, just north
of the intersection of Interstate 94 and US Highway 52 (Lafayette Road North), on the northeast edge of
downtown Saint Paul.
http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?country=US&addtohistory=&formtype=address&searchtyp
e=address&cat=&address=443%20Lafayette%20Rd%20N&city=Saint%20Paul&state=MN&zipcode=
55155%2d4301
Specific instructions concerning the examinations in St. Paul are sent as a part of the “Approved for
Examination” letter and specific instructions for out-state sites are sent to persons who schedule at those
sites.

Qualifications for License Applicants
Electrical Engineering Degree
Applicants who have received a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering from an accredited university or
college qualify for the Class A master electrician and power limited technician examinations without being
required to have any practical installation experience. “Engineer” applicants should include a copy of their
transcript or diploma with their application.
Technical College Program Credit
Applicants for Class A journeyworker electrician, maintenance electrician, power limited technician, and
Class B installer who have successfully completed a two-year technical college program approved by the
Department receive 12-month’s experience credit toward the experience required for the class of license
applied for.
Applicants for a power limited technician license who have completed other technical training approved by
the Department receive up to 12-month’s experience credit toward the 36 month experience requirement.
Technical training credit is only granted for successful completion of programs approved by the Department
prior to completion by the applicant. Technical training credit is not approved on an individual applicant
basis.
Military Experience
Applicants may receive experience credit for performing electrical work in the military. Applicants with
military experience should include a copy of their DD214 discharge documents with their application.
Practical Experience/Experience Requirements by License Type
Minnesota Rule 3800.3520 identifies allowable experience credit, situations under which experience is
acceptable to the Department, and experience requirements for all license categories. Applicants are
encouraged to review these requirements prior to submitting an application.
Application/examination fees for applicants that do not qualify for examination are not refundable.
Minnesota Rule 3800.3520 can be accessed at: https://www.revisor.mn.gov/rules/3800/
Qualification for Satellite System Installer Applicants
Applicants for a satellite system installer license are not required to have any practical experience, rather
are required to have successfully completed the National Standards and Testing Program for satellite
system installers sponsored by the Satellite Broadcasting and Communications Association of America, Inc.
or other program approved by the Board of Electricity.

Obtaining Licenses Through Reciprocal Agreements
Minnesota has established reciprocal licensing agreements with a number of other states where by
applicants may obtain a journeyworker or master electrician license in the participating states if they
obtained their license by examination in the participating states.
Minnesota has agreements at the journeyworker electrician level with the following states: Alaska,
Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. In addition,
Minnesota, Iowa, North Dakota, Nebraska, and South Dakota have reciprocal agreements at the master
electrician license level.
Qualifying conditions include the following:
1. The applicant must meet the qualifications for license examination in the state they are making
application.
2. The applicant must not have failed the same or greater class of license examination in the state
application is made.
3. The applicant must have obtained the same or greater class of license in the first state by
examination at the state level (the license must not have been obtained through a reciprocal
agreement or grandfather clause with a city or other political subdivision).
4. The applicant must have received an examination score equal to or greater than required in the
state application is made.
5. The applicant must have held the license for at least one year in the first state.
6. The applicant’s license must be current and in good standing in the first state.
7. The applicant must not be under any order to deny, suspend, or revoke any class of electrical
license in Minnesota.
8. The applicant must submit an application and examination fee with the application.
9. Upon approval, the applicant must submit the required license fee to be issued the license applied
for.
10. Upon obtaining the license, the applicant (licensee) must meet all continuing education and
renewal requirements to maintain the license.

Continuing Education Requirements
Upon obtaining a license, the license holder must earn minimum continuing education credits to renew
and maintain a license. Because it is not a required license, lineman license holders are not required to
meet any continuing education requirements to renew and maintain their license.
Except for power limited technician licenses, all other personal licenses require the license holder to earn a
minimum of 16 hours of continuing education credit prior to renewal. Of these 16 hours, at least 12 hours
must be on the National Electrical Code, and up to 4 hours may be on related technical subjects or the
Minnesota Electrical Act and Minnesota Rules Chapters 3800 and 3801.
Power limited technicians are required to earn 16 hours of continuing education credit, 4 hours of which
must be on the National Electrical Code and up to 12 hours may be on related technical subjects or the
Minnesota Electrical Act and Minnesota Rules Chapters 3800 and 3801.
Satellite system installers are required to earn 4 hours of continuing education credit.
Holders of master electrician licenses, which have fixed terms, are not required to meet any continuing
education requirements in their first pro-rated term, but must earn 16 hours in all subsequent terms.
Continuing education credits may be used for renewal of more than one class of license, but may only be
used once for each class of license. Continuing education credits in excess of those required for renewal
and earned prior to expiration of a license do not carry over to the next license term.
Continuing education credit is only received for verified attendance/completion of programs granted
Department approval. Continuing education credit may be received by attending programs approved in
other states where the programs meet Department requirements.
Continuing education requirements are found in Minnesota Rule 3800.3600-3603. Lists of Department
approved continuing education providers are available under “continuing education” at:
http://www.dli.mn.gov/workers/electrician-or-electrical-installer/continuing-education-electrical
Personal License and Examination Application

Personal license applications are included in the hard-copy packet or may be downloaded from
the Department’s website at:
http://www.dli.mn.gov/workers/electrician-or-electrical-installer/licensing-personal-electrical-license
Laws and Rules Regulating Licensing of Electricians and Inspection of Electrical Installations
A copy of the Minnesota Electrical Act and Minnesota Rules Chapter 3800 and 3801 are included
in the hard- copy packet or may be downloaded from the Department’s website at:
http://www.dli.mn.gov/business/electrical-contractors/electrical-laws-and-rules
Upon request this document can be made available in

alternative formats for people with disabilities.

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Electrical License Examination Guide

20210211_LicensingExaminationGuide Checked 20210211 1

Sample Questions: Page 6

Formulas and Sample Calculations: Page 7

Examination Knowledge Areas: Page 19

American’s With Disabilities Act: Page 28

Scheduling Examinations: Page 30

Qualifications for License Applicants: Page 31

Reciprocal Licenses: Page 32

Continuing Education Requirement Overview: Page 33

Personal License and Examination Application: Page 33

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Answer: A NEC 312.5(C)

Answer: D NEC 210.52

Answer: 4 AWG NEC 430.6, 430.24, 430.250, 310.16

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Answer: D NEC 250.122(C)

Formulas and Sample Calculations

Percentages, Ratios and Equations:

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1) What is 70% of 140?

2) What is the result of increasing 120 by 25%?

• The percentage amount is divided by 100 (25 ÷ 100 = .25)

Sample Ratio Question:

• The primary voltage is divided by the secondary voltage (480 ÷ 120 = 4)

How to transpose equations:

Two things to remember:

• To transpose this formula we divide both sides of the equation by B (A x B) ÷ B = C ÷ B

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Resistance in Series and Parallel Circuits

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1) What is the total resistance of three 15 Ω resistors connected in parallel?

What is the total resistance of a 20 Ω and a 30 Ω resistor connected in parallel?

• RT = (R1 x R2) ÷ (R1 + R2)

What is the total resistance of a 2 Ω, 4 Ω and 8 Ω resistor connected in parallel?

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Single- Phase: KVA = E x I

Three- Phase: KVA = E x I x 1.732

Voltage Drop Calculations

1) The first formula is: VD 1Ø = (2 x K x I x L) ÷ CM

2) The second formula is: VD 1Ø = (2 x R x I x L) ÷ 1000

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If you are using either VD 1Ø = (2 x K x I x L) ÷ CM or VD 1Ø = (2 x R x I x L) ÷ 1000, these formulas are

Percentage of Voltage Drop

Single-Phase KVA = E x I Three-Phase KVA = E x I x 1.732

• 3Ø KVA = E x I X 1.732 ÷ 1000

Transformer Short-Circuit Fault Current Calculations

The transformer full-load ampere rating is 75000 ÷ 240 = 312.5

The transformer full-load ampere rating is 45000 ÷ (208 x 1.732) = 125

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The transformer full-load ampere rating is 750,000 ÷ (480 x 1.732) = 902

Additional information regarding short-circuit fault current calculations is available through

Conduit Fill Calculations

• The answer is found using NEC Table C10

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Box Fill Calculations

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• No.14 conductors: 5 x 2.0 cubic inches = 10 cubic inches.

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