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TITLE: STORAGE TANK

EQUIPMENT : GLS TANK

SPECIFICATION: AWWA 103-09

TANK PROPERTIES

TANK DIAMETER, D : = 120.15 ft

TANK HEIGHT: = 31.66 ft
FREE BOARD: = 2.14 ft (Taken)
OVERFLOW HEIGHT, H: = 29.53 ft

DESIGN CRITERIA

WIND LOADS

WIND VELOCITY: = 50 m/sec

EXPOSURE CATEGORY: = D
GUST FACTOR: = 1 (Taken)

SEISMIC DESIGN PARAMETERS

SEISMIC USE GROUP: = III (Taken)

IE: = 1.5 (Taken)
SITE CLASS(SOIL): = D (Taken)
Ss : = 1.75 (Taken)
S1: = 2 (Taken)
Fa : = 2 (Taken)
Fv: = 1.5 (Taken)

ROOF LOADING

ROOF LIVE LOAD : = 20 psf (Taken)

ROOF DEAD LOAD: = 50000 psf (Taken)
INSULATION DEAD LOAD: = 0 psf (Taken)

LIQUID PROPERTIES:

LIQUID WT: = 62.4 lb/ft3

SPEC.GRAVITY: = 1

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:

WALL SHEET MATERIAL = GFS

Fu = 370-420 Mpa
Fy = 310-340 Mpa
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ROOF SHEET MATERIAL = ZINCALUME
Fy = 550 Mpa

STRUCTURAL MATERIAL = SA36

Fy = 250 Mpa
Fu = 400 - 550 Mpa

BOLTS = Hot Dipped Galvanized

GRADE = M-12 Grade 8.8
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Tank Diameter, D: = 84.788 ft

Tank Height = 32.013 ft
Free Board = 1.994 ft
Overflow Height, H: = 30.019 ft
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SHELL THICKNESS (AWWA D 103)

t req = 2.6HDSG /ft(S-dh) [ AWWA D 103 5.4]

t req= required shell plate thickness (in)

H= height of liquid from the top capacity line 9000 mm 29.53 ft

at the point of overflow to the bottom of
the shell course being designed (ft)

D= tank diameter (ft) 36620 mm 120.15 ft

S= bolt spacing perpendicular to the line of 80 mm 3.15 in

stress (in)

G= specific gravity of liquid (1.0 for water)

dh= bolt hole diameter (in) 14 mm 0.56 in

ft = Allowable Tensile Stress

r= Force transmitted by bolt(s) divided by Tensile force [ AWWA D 103 5.5.3]

F y= Published min yield strength of the sheet,(psi) 310 Mpa 44962 psi

Fu= Published min ultimate strength of sheet,(psi) 370 Mpa 53664 psi

db= diameter of bolt ( inches) 12 mm 0.48 in

w= Density of liquid 62.4 lb/ft3

ft = 0.6Fy(1.0-0.9r + 3rdb/s) ≤ 0.6Fy = 26978 psi

0.4fu less of theses two = 21466 psi

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Bolt Fy Ft
t req shell ht tactual Fu
Ring Material r
Rows (in) (ft) (in) (psi) (psi) (psi)
thick
R8 9 3+2 0.53 29.53 0.36 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R7 9 3+2 0.49 27.559 0.36 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R6 8 3+2 0.42 23.63 0.32 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R5 7 3+2 0.35 19.7 0.28 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R4 6 3+2 0.28 15.77 0.24 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R3 5 3+2 0.21 11.84 0.2 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R2 4 3+2 0.15 7.91 0.16 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466
R1 3 3+2 0.08 3.98 0.12 GFS 44961.8 53664 0 21466

BOLT DESIGN

Hoop Force = HWD/2

Bolt Root Diameter , dk = 0.4 in d= 0.47244 in

Allowable Bearing ,Pallow,b = 1.35FYdboltt

Allowable shear ,Pallow,s = 0.25FuAts

Ultimate Tensile Stress Bolt, Fu, bolt

n = Number of Bolt Threads per Inch = 17 threads /in

Ats = 0.78584(d - 0.9743 / n)2 = 0.37 in2

Minimum Edge Distance, smin = P / 0.6 Fyt [D 103 Eq 5-3]

Edge Distance, S = 2 in

Bolt Hoop Bearing Shear Min

shell ht
Ring (ft) Force P (lb) Pallow,s (lb) EdgeDist.
thick Rows (lb/ft) allow,b (in)
R8 9 3+2 29.53 110698.55 10488.69 4963.92 1.08 OK
R7 9 3+2 25.59 110698.55 10488.69 4963.92 1.08 OK
R6 8 3+2 21.65 110698.55 9323.28 4963.92 1.08 OK
R5 7 3+2 17.71 110698.55 8157.87 4963.92 1.08 OK
R4 6 3+2 13.77 110698.55 6992.46 4963.92 1.08 OK
R3 5 3+2 9.83 110698.55 5827.05 4963.92 1.08 OK
R2 4 3+2 5.89 110698.55 4661.64 4963.92 1.08 OK
R1 3 3+2 1.95 110698.55 3496.23 4963.92 1.08 OK

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DESIGN WIND PRESSURE (AWWA SEC 15.1)
PW = qZGCF > 30Cf [ AWWA D 103 SEC 15.1]

P W= Wind Pressure applied to projected area on vertical plane in psf

G= Gust effect factor ,shall be taken as 1 = 1

Cf = Force coefficent(see table 9) = 0.6

qz= Velocity pressure at height z of the centroid (psf)

where qz = 0.00256KzIV2

KZ = Velocity pressure exposure coefficient at height Z = 1.43

of the centroid (Table 10)

Exposure = D

Z= Height above finished grade (ft) = 36

I= Wind importance factor = 1.15

V= Basic wind speed in miles / hr = 112

qz = in psf 52.81

PW = in psf 32

WIND OVERTURNING (AWWA D 103 SEC 5.9)

Pw = 4(Mw / Nd) - (W / N)

PW = Design tension force per anchor bolt for wind,lb

d= Diameter of anchor bolt circle, ft 120.72

N= number of anchor bolts 350

Mw = wind overturning moment, in ft-lb.

w= Total weight of tank shell, roof dead load reaction on shell &
permanent accessories available to resist uplift,lb.

w= Ws + 2/3 Wroof + 1/2 Wrftr + Wc

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ws = Weight of shell in lb = 75000 kg 165375 lb

Wroof = Weight of roof in lb = 10000 kg 22050 lb

Wrftr = Weight of rafter in lb = 15000 kg 33075 lb

Wc = Weight of content in lb = 20900292 lb

w= Total Wt. of Tank = 21096904 lb

Mw = (PwDHshell2/2) = 1676373 ft-lb

PW = -60119 lb < 0 = NO UPLIFT

DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA - GENERAL PROCEDURE

Site class: = D

Seismic important Factor IE: = 1.5

SS = 1.75 g(Mapped MCE Spectral response acceleration,

5% damped, at 0.2 period)

S1 = 2 g(Mapped MCE Spectral response acceleration,

5% damped, at 0.2 period)

Fa = Short Period Site Coefficient = 2

Fv = Long Period Site Coefficient = 1.5

SMS = FaSs (Eq 14-5) = 3.5 g(Site Specific MCE Spectral response acceleration
,5% damped, at 0.2 sec period)

SM1 = FvS1 (Eq 14-6) = 3 g(Site Specific MCE Spectral response acceleration
,5% damped, at 0.2 sec period)

SDS= USMS (Eq 14-7) = 2.333 g(Design Aceleration,

5% damped, at 0.2 sec period)

SD1= USM1 (Eq 14-8) = 2 g(Design Acceleration,

5% damped, at 0.1 sec period)

U= 2/3

IMPULSIVE ACCELERATION

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Sai = Design Spectral response acceleration for impulsive components,5 percent damped,
at the natural period of the structure T i

Ts = SD1/SDS (AWWA D103 SEC 14.2.7.3.1) = 0.86

TL = Region Dependent transition period for longer period = 8s

ground motion (Fig 19)

Ti = Natural Period of the Structure (0 as per SEC 14..3.1) = 0

Ri = Response Mod.Factor (Table 6 ) = 3

Rc = Response Mod.Factor (Table 6 ) = 1.5

For 0 < = Ti < = Ts (Eq. 14. 9)

Sai = SDS = 2.333 g

For Ts < Ti < TL (Eq. 14. 10)

Sai = SDS / Ti < = SDS = N/A

For Ti > TL (Eq. 14. 11)

Sai = TLSD1 / Ti2 = N/A

Ai = SaiIE / 1.0 Ri > = 0.36 S1IE / Ri (Eq.14-16.) = 1.1665 g

CONVECTIVE ACCELERATION

Sac = Design Spectral response acceleration for Convective components,0.5 percent damped,
at the first mode sloshing wave period T c

Tc = First mode sloshing wave period

Tc = 2π x (D / 3.689 g x tanh (3.68 H / D)) 1/2 Eq.14-18. = 7.45

2*3.14*(i17/3.68*32.185*)

K= Damping scaling factor to convert from 5 percent = 1.5

to 0.5 percent damping

For Tc < = TL (Eq.14.12)

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Sac = KSD1 / TC < = SDS = 0.4 g

Ac = SacIE / 1.4 Rc (Eq.14.17) = 0.29 g

SHELL WEIGHT

Shell Top Ring Wt. = 3347 = 7379 lb

Shell seventh Ring Wt. = 4463 = 9839 lb
Shell sixth Ring Wt. = 5579 = 12300 lb
Shell Fifth Ring Wt. = 6694 = 14758 lb
Shell Fourth Ring Wt. = 7810 = 17218 lb
Shell Third Ring Wt. = 8925 = 19676 lb
Shell Second Ring Wt. = 10041 = 22137 lb
Shell Bottom Ring Wt. = 10041 = 22137 lb

Ws = Total Shell Wt. = 56900 = 125444 lb

ROOF STRUCTURE WEIGHT

Roof Structure Wt. = 10000 = 22046 lb

Total Rafter Wt. = 15000 = 33069 lb
Accessories Wt. = 5000 = 11023 lb

Wr = Total Roof & Rafter Wt. = 25000 = 55116 lb

SUMMARY OF DESIGN SEISMIC LOADS AWWA D103 sec14.3

D/H = 4.07

Ai = Impulsive design acceleration = 1.1665 g

Ac = Convective design acceleration = 0.29 g

Ws = Total Weight of Tank Shell = 165375 lb

Wr = Weight of Roof & Rafter = 55116 lb

Wi = Weight of effective mass of tank contents that moves in

unison with the tank shellEffective impulse weight)in pounds

WT = Total weight of tank contents in pounds

Wi = (tanh(0.866 D/H) / (0.866 D/H))WT = 5917977 lb

WT = 49GHD2 = 20888492 lb

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Wc = (0.230 D / H tanh(3.67 H/ D))W T = 14142878 lb

Xi = 0.375H

Xi = Height from the bottom of the shell to the centroid of lateral = 11.07 ft
seismic force applied to the effective impulsive weight in feet.

Xc = (1.0-(cosh(3.67H/D)-1)/((3.67H/D)sinh(3.67H/D))H) = 15.7 ft

XS = Height from the bottom of the shell to the centre of gravity = 14.44 ft
of the shell in feet

Ms = (Ai(WsXS + WrHt + WiXi))2 + (AcWcXc)2)1/2 = 95279507 ft-lb

Vf = Design Shear at the top of the Foundation due to horizontal

acceleration in pounds.

Vf = (Ai(Ws+Wr+Wf+Wi))2 + (AcWc)2)1/2

Wf = Total weight of tank bottom in pounds = 2680 lb

Vf = = 8254674 lb

J= Ms/D2(wt(1-0.4 Av) + wL)

J= Overturning ratio

wt = Weight of the tank shell and portion of the roof reaction on the
shell in pounds per foot of shell circumference. (Eq 14-37)

wL = Maximum resisting weight of tank contents in pounds per foot

of shell circumference,that may used to resist the shell
overturning moment (Eq 14.33).

Av = Vertical design acceleration(Sec.14.3.4.3), stated as multiple of g.

wt = (Ws / 3.14D)+Wrs = 26164 p/f

Wrs = 2/3 Wr + 1/3 Wrftr = 25725 lb

Av = 0.14 SDS = 0.4 g

wL = 7.9tb(FyHG)1/2 ≤ 1.28 HDG = 2149 p/f

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wL(max) = 1.28 HDG = 4542

tb = Design thickness of bottom annulus in inches = 0.236 in

Fy = Minimum specified yield strength of bottom annulus in psi = 44961.7

J= Ms/D2(wt(1-0.4 Av) + wL) = 0.274

For J < 0.785 , there is no shell uplift due to the overturning moment and the tank is self-anchored.

Tank is stable.Therefore no Mechanical Anchorage Required.

SHELL COMPRESSION AWWA D103 sec14.3.4.2

For J < 0.785

σc = (wt(1 + 0.4Av) + ( 1.273Ms / D2))1/12ts (Eq 14.35)

σc = Maximum longitudinal shell compression stress,in psi

ts = Actual thickness of the bottom shell course less the specified = 0.4
corrosion allowance ,if any,in inches.

wt = Weight of the tank shell and portion of the roof reaction on th = 26164
shell in pounds per foot of shell circumference. (Eq 14-37)

σc = = 8074 psi

ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS

fs = 15000(2/3)(100t/R)(2-(2/3)(100t/R)) ≤ 15000 (Eq 5.2)

fs = Allowable Compressive stress in psi

t= Shell thickness in inches = 0.2

R= Shell radius in inches = 720.9

fs = = 550 psi

HYDRODYNAMIC SEISMIC HOOP TENSILE STRESS

σs = (Ni2 + Nc2 + (NhAv)2) 0.5 / ts

Ni = Impulsive hoop tensile force, in psi

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Nc = Convective hoop tensile force, in psi

Nh = Hydrostatic hoop tensile force, in psi

σT = Total combined hoop stress in shell, in psi

σs = Hydrodynamic hoop tensile stress, in psi

σh = Product hydrostatic hoop stress in stress, in psi

Ni = 4.5 AiGDH(Y/H - 0.5(Y/H)2)tanh(0.866 D/H) FOR D/ H ≥ 1.333

Y= Distance from MOL to the point under consideration in feet = 36 ft

Ni = 8850 psi

Nc = (0.98AcGD2 cosh(3.68(H-Y) / D)) / cosh(3.68H/D) (Eq 14-42) = 4103 psi

Nh = 2.6 GYD = 11247 psi

σs = Hydrodynamic hoop tensile stres = 26856 psi

σh = Nh / t s = 28117.5 psi

σT = σs + σ h = 54973.5 psi

ALLOWABLE SHELL STRESS ( D103 Sec 14.3.4.2.4)

FOR SELF ANCHORED TANK

σe = 1.333(σa + ∆σcr/2)

σe = Seismic allowable longitudinal shell compression stress in psi

σa = Allowable compression stresss fs from Sec.5.4.2 in psi = 734

∆σcr = Critical buckling stress increases due to pressure in psi

∆Cc = Pressure stabilizing buckling coefficient

P/E(R/t)2 = 17.12

For P/E(R/t)2 > 0.064 = TRUE

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∆Cc = 0.045 ln(P/E(R/t)2 + 0.0018) + 0.194 ≤ 0.22

E= modulus of elasticity, 29,000,000 in psi

t= Actual thickness of the bottom shell course less the specified = 0.12
corrosion allowance ,if any,in inches.

P= hydrostatic pressure at the point of consideration in psi = 13.75

R= radius of tank in inches = 720.865

ln = the natural logarithm function

∆Cc = = 0.32

∆σcr = (∆CcEt / R) = 1545 psi

σe = 1.333(σa + ∆σcr/2) = 2009 psi

ANCHORAGE REQUIREMENT

Liquid Wt = 62.5 lb/ft3

Specified Concrete Strength,f'c : = 2500 psi

Rebar : ASTM A-615, Grade 60

Ft : = 24 psi

Seismic Uplift :

N= No.of Anchor Bolts = 350

Ms = 95279507 ft-lb

w= Ws + 2/3 Wroof + 1/2 Wrftr + Wc = 21096904 lb

Dac = Diameter of Anchor Circle = 120.72 ft

Ps = 4Ms / NDac - W / N (D103 Eq.5.11) = -51256.76 lb

Wind Uplift :

Mw = 1676373 ft-lb

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Pw = 4(Mw / Nd) - (W / N) = -60119 lb

Anchor Design : ( ACI 318 Appendix D )

Anchor Properties

do = Anchor Bolt Diameter = 0.788 in

hef = Ie = Embedment Depth = 10 in

h= Member Thickness = 47.25 in

Ca1 = Ca,min = Distance from centre to Anchor to = 16.654 in < 1.5 hef
Edge of Concrete

Ca2 = = 16.654 in

Check minimum edge distance and concrete thickness

Cmin = (ACI 316 d8.2) = 6.3 in < 16.65 in

hmin = hef + 2do = 11.576

11.58 in < 48 in

Calculate Steel Strength:

nt = thread per inch = 7

Ase = π/4(do-0.9743 / nt )2 (ACI 318 RD 5.1.2 ) = 0.34 in2

futa = Specified tensile Strenght of Anchor Steel in psi = 75400

Nsa = Asefuta ( ACI 318 RD 5.1.2 Eq. D.3 ) = 25636 lb

OK
Determine Concrete Breakout Strength

S1 = 4.3296 < 3 hef = 4.3296 < 30 in OK

Anc = (Ca1 + S1 + 1.5hef ) ( 2 x 1.5hefACI 318 Fig .R.D.5.2. = 1080 in2

Anco = ( 9*hef2) (ACI 318 Eq . D.6 ) = 900 in2

Ψec , N = (ACI 318 Sec. D.5.2.4, No eccentricity = 1.0 = 1

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Ψed , N = 1 if Ca,min > 1.5 hef (ACI 318 D.10 )
= 0.7 + 0.3 Ca,min / (1.5 hef )
if Ca,min < 1.5hef (ACI 318 D.11) = 0.667

Ψc , N = (Uncracked Concrete Assumed)(ACI 318 D. = 1.25

Ψcp , N = 1 for cast- in anchors ( ACI 318 D.5.2.7 ) = 1

Kc = ACI 318 D.5.2.2 = 24

Nb = Kc*λ( f'c)2*hef1.5 ( ACI 318 D.7 ) = 28460.5 lb

Ncb = Anc / Anco * Ψec,NΨc,NΨcp,NNb (ACI 318 Eq D.4 ) = 42690.8 lb

Pullout Strength Of Anchor in Tension

Npn = ω"c, pNp (ACI 318 Eq.D.14 )

Npn = ω"cp,N = (ACI 318 D.5.3.6 ) = 1.4

Abrg = Net Bearing Area of head = 5.843 in2

Np = 8Abrg f'c (ACI 318 Eq.D .15 ) = 116860 lb

Side Face Blowout Strength (When Cmin < 0.4hef )

0.4hef = 4

Cmin < 0.4hef, Side - Face Blowout Check Not Required 3.00 in < 4 in OK

Detremine Controlling Strength

Nu = 1.4P = 2141 lb

Nn = Min [ Nsa ; Ncb ; Np ] = 25636 lb

Governing Anchor Strength

φ = [ ACI 318 Appendix D Section D.4.4 ] = 0.75

0.750φNn = (ACI 318 Section D.3.3.3 For Seismic Design = 14421 lb

Category D, E and F ]

0.750φNn > Nu OK.

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Thus, Use 0.787 in Diameter Anchor Fasteners, Embeded 10", 2" in above Foundation.

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