The 9 Parts of Speech Adverb

Read about each part of speech below and Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, and even
get started practicing identifying each. other adverbs. They specify when, where,
how, and why something happened and to
Noun what extent or how often. Examples: softly,
Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. lazily, often, only, hopefully, softly,
They can take on a myriad of roles in a sometimes.
sentence, from the subject of it all to the
object of an action. They are capitalized Preposition
when they're the official name of something Prepositions show spacial, temporal, and role
or someone, called proper nouns in these relations between a noun or pronoun and
cases. the other words in a sentence. They come at
Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, the start of a prepositional phrase, which
Captain Jack Sparrow. contains a preposition and its object.
Examples: up, over, against, by, for, into,
Pronoun close to, out of, apart from.
Pronouns stand in for nouns in a sentence.
They are more generic versions of nouns that Conjunction
refer only to people. Conjunctions join words, phrases, and
Examples: I, you, he, she, it, ours, them, who, clauses in a sentence. There are
which, anybody, ourselves. coordinating, subordinating, and correlative
conjunctions.
Verb Examples: and, but, or, so, yet, with.
Verbs are action words that tell what
happens in a sentence. They can also show a Articles and Determiners
sentence subject's state of being Articles and determiners function like
(is, was). Verbs change form based on tense adjectives by modifying nouns, but they are
(present, past) and count distinction (singular different than adjectives in that they are
or plural). necessary for a sentence to have proper
Examples:  sing, dance, believes, seemed, syntax. Articles and determiners specify and
finish, eat, drink, be, became identify nouns, and there are indefinite and
definite articles.
Adjective Examples: articles: a, an, the;
Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. determiners: these, that, those, enough,
They specify which one, how much, what much, few, which, what.
kind, and more. Adjectives allow readers and
listeners to use their senses to imagine Interjection
something more clearly. Interjections are expressions that can stand
Examples: hot, lazy, funny, unique, bright, on their own or be contained within
beautiful, poor, smooth. sentences. These words and phrases often
carry strong emotions and convey reactions.
Examples: ah, whoops, language to facilitate play, (b) play with
ouch, yabba dabba do! language as an object, and (c) egocentric
speech in play situations, and determines
WHAT IS LANGUAGE? that there is a definite link between language
A language is a structured system of and play. In addition, it is suggested that play
communication used by humans, based on is an effective intervention method for
speech and gesture (spoken language), sign, stimulating language development.
or often writing. The structure of language is
its grammar and the free components are its  IMAGINATIVE
vocabulary. Many languages, including the The Imaginative Function of language is
most widely-spoken ones, have writing language used to explore the imagination or
systems that enable sounds or signs to be to create imaginary system or ideas and also
recorded for later reactivation. to tell stories, and jokes, telling fairy tales.
May also accompany play as children crate
FUNCTION OF LANGUAGE imaginary worlds, or may arise from
 Communication storytelling.
In most accounts, the primary purpose of
language is to facilitate communication, in  EMOTIONAL RELEASE
the sense of transmission of information Language plays a role in emotion because
from one person to another. However, language supports the conceptual knowledge
sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic studies used to make meaning of sensations from
have drawn attention to a range of other the body and world in a given context.
functions for language
NATURE OF LANGUAGE
 The expression of identity  Phonemes
In order to carry out this process of A phoneme is the basic unit of phonology. It
reflection, individuals need to use language is the smallest unit of sound that may cause a
in order to communicate their ideas and change of meaning within a language, but
thoughts to their peers. Therefore, language that doesn’t have meaning by itself. For
becomes an important element with which example, in the words “bake” and “brake,”
to relate to identity. Language is an aspect only one phoneme has been altered, but a
intrinsically connected to an individual's change in meaning has been triggered. The
identity. phoneme /r/ has no meaning on its own, but
by appearing in the word it has completely
 PLAY changed the word’s meaning!
The relationship between play and language
usage is explored to determine if play Phonemes correspond to the sounds of the
contributes to children's language alphabet, although there is not always a one-
development and if play is a useful to-one relationship between a letter and a
intervention technique for increasing the phoneme (the sound made when you say the
language competence of young children. This word). For example, the word “dog” has
review of literature examines (a) the use of three phonemes: /d/, /o/, and / g /.
However, the word “shape,” despite having an “-s” to “cat,” the number of cats changes
five letters, has only three phonemes: /sh/, from one to more than one.
/long-a/, and /p/. The English language has
approximately 45 different phonemes, which  LEXEMES
correspond to letters or combinations of Lexemes are the set of inflected forms taken
letters. Through the process of by a single word. For example, members of
segmentation, a phoneme can have a the lexeme RUN include “run” (the
particular pronunciation in one word and a uninflected form), “running” (inflected form),
slightly different pronunciation in another. and “ran.” This lexeme excludes “runner (a
derived term—it has a derivational
 MORPHEMES morpheme attached).
Morphemes, the basic unit of morphology, Another way to think about lexemes is that
are the smallest meaningful unit of language. they are the set of words that would be
Thus, a morpheme is a series of phonemes included under one entry in the dictionary
that has a special meaning. If a morpheme is —”running” and “ran” would be found under
altered in any way, the entire meaning of the “run,” but “runner” would not.
word can be changed. Some morphemes are
individual words (such as “eat” or “water”).  CONTEXT
These are known as free morphemes Context is how everything within language
because they can exist on their own. Other works together to convey a particular
morphemes are prefixes, suffixes, or other meaning. Context includes tone of voice,
linguistic pieces that aren’t full words on body language, and the words being used.
their own but do affect meaning (such as the Depending on how a person says something,
“-s” at the end of “cats” or the “re-” at the holds his or her body, or emphasizes certain
beginning of “redo.”) Because these points of a sentence, a variety of different
morphemes must be attached to another messages can be conveyed. For example, the
word to have meaning, they are called bound word “awesome,” when said with a big smile,
morphemes. means the person is excited about a
Within the category of bound morphemes, situation. “Awesome,” said with crossed
there are two additional subtypes: arms, rolled eyes, and a sarcastic tone,
derivational and inflectional. Derivational means the person is not thrilled with the
morphemes change the meaning or part of situation.
speech of a word when they are used
together. For example, the word “sad”
changes from an adjective to a noun when “-
ness” (sadness) is added to it. “Action”
changes in meaning when the morpheme
“re-” is added to it, creating the word
“reaction.” Inflectional morphemes modify
either the tense of a verb or the number
value of a noun; for example, when you add