Lesson 1 - The Limit of A Function - Theorems and Examples
Lesson 1 - The Limit of A Function - Theorems and Examples
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝑳
𝒙→𝒄
Hence lim 𝑓 1 + 3𝑥 = 𝟕
𝑥→2 Topic 1.1: The Limit of a Function
Example 1: lim 𝑓(𝑥 + 1) 2
𝑥→−1
Approach 1 (from the left) Approach 2 (from the right)
𝒙 𝒇(𝑥) 𝒙 𝒇(𝑥)
-1.5 3.25 -0.5 1.25
-1.2 2.44 -0.8 1.64
-1.01 2.0201 -0.99 1.9801
-1.0001 2.00020001 -0.9999 1.99980001
Hence 2
lim 𝑓(𝑥 + 1) = 2
𝑥→−1
Hence lim 𝑥 = 0
𝑥→0
2
𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 4
Hence lim = −3
𝑥→1 𝑥−1
Topic 1.1: The Limit of a Function
Example 4: lim 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑖𝑓 𝑓 𝑥 =
𝑥→4
{ 𝑥 + 1,
𝑥−4 2
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 4
+ 3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 4
lim 𝑓(𝑥) ?
𝑥→0
lim 𝑓(𝑥) ?
𝑥→3
1
a. lim
𝑥→1 𝑥+1
1
b. lim 𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑓 𝑥 =
𝑥→0 { 𝑥
𝑥2 − 2
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ −1
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≻ −1
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
Remember lim 𝑓(1 + 3𝑥)
𝑥→2
𝒙 𝒇(𝑥) 𝒙 𝒇(𝑥)
1 4 3 10
1.4 5.2 2.5 8.5
1.7 6.1 2.2 7.6
1.9 6.7 2.1 7.3
1.95 6.85 2.03 7.09
1.997 6.991 2.009 7.027
1.9999 6.9997 2.0005 7.0015
1.9999999 6.9999997 2.0000001 7.0000003
Hence lim 𝑓 1 + 3𝑥 = 𝟕
𝑥→2
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
Think about this…
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
How about about this…?
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
See also…
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
See this graph again…
(a) lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 and
𝑥→−2
𝑓 −2 = 1
(b) lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 3 and
𝑥→0
𝑓 0 does not exist
(undefined)
(c) lim 𝑓 𝑥 𝐷𝑁𝐸 and
𝑥→3
𝑓 3 also does not exist
(undefined)
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
Exercises 1.2
1. Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) whose graph is shown below, and fill
the table with appropriate values.
𝑐 lim 𝑓 𝑥 𝑓(𝑐)
𝑥→𝒄
−2
1
−
2
0
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
Exercises 1.2
2. Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) whose graph is shown below. State
whetherlim 𝑓 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑐) are equal or unequal at the given value
𝑥→𝑐
of 𝑐. Also, state whether lim 𝑓 𝑥 or 𝑓(𝑐) does not exist.
𝑥→𝑐
a. 𝑐 = −3 g. 𝑐 = 2.3
b. 𝑐 = −2 h. 𝑐 = 3
c. 𝑐 =0 i. 𝑐 = 4
d. 𝑐 = 0.5 j. 𝑐 = 6
e. 𝑐 =1
f. 𝑐 =2
Topic 1.2: The Limit of a Function at c Versus the Value of the Function at c
TOPIC 1.3: Illustration of Limit Theorems
1
b. lim1 𝑥 = 2
𝑥→2
c. lim 𝑥 = −10
𝑥→−10
3 3 3
c. lim 2 ∗ 𝑓(𝑥) = ∗ lim 𝑓 𝑥 = ∗ 4 = 6
2 2
𝑥→𝑐 𝑥→𝑐
• Item 1
• Item 2
𝟐𝒙+𝟓
Example 12. Evaluate 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝟏−𝟑𝒙
𝒙→𝟐