EVALUACIÓN DE BACHILLERATO PARA EL ACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD

CONVOCATORIA DE JUNIO - JULIO DE 2021

PUNTUACIÓN QUE SE OTORGARÁ A ESTE EJERCICIO: (véanse las distintas partes del examen)

Elija UNA de las dos opciones propuestas, A o B, para cada uno de los TRES EJERCICIOS [Reading
comprehension, rephrasing, writing] de los que consta el examen. En cada pregunta se señala la
puntuación máxima.

EJERCICIO 1. READING COMPREHENSION (5 points)

OPTION A
Reasons why Warsaw is awesome

Poland's capital city surprised me. It's a cool city, so long as you take the time to get to know it. Warsaw has
quite a painful recent history. In 1939 Nazi Germany bombed Warsaw heavily. In 1944, toward the end of World
War II, resistance forces in Warsaw decided to rise up against the Germans. The Warsaw Uprising largely
failed, however, and the Nazis decided to punish the city by making an example of it — which meant essentially
obliterating it. More than 80% of the city center was flattened after the Uprising, and the city's population
dropped from 2 million to about 1,000 because people simply had nowhere to live and were forced to leave the
city (pregunta 2a). Due to the Uprising and resulting destruction of the city, most of Warsaw is actually new –
built after 1945. Even the “Old Town” is new, having been completely rebuilt after World War II.
Food is another reason to visit Warsaw and enjoy its many “milk bars”. These are restaurants which offer
delicious, filling and healthy food at budget-friendly prices. Contrary to their name, milk bars do not serve up
milk – they serve up traditional Polish food on plastic flatware.
Finally, as far as art and science goes, Warsaw has also contributed a lot. Chopin was born here and all over
the city you can find benches that will play his music when you walk by or sit down on them (pregunta 2b). And
Marie Curie, the first woman to ever win a Nobel Prize, also called Warsaw home.

1. Add True or False, quoting the relevant information from the text to justify your answer. (2 points)
a) The “Old Town” in Warsaw is the oldest part of the city, and was built before World War II.
False. (Due to the Uprising and resulting destruction of the city, most of Warsaw is actually new –built after
1945). Even the “Old Town” is new, having been completely rebuilt after World War II. La oración que aparece
entre paréntesis es opcional. Tanto si la ponen como si no, se les da el punto entero.
b) In milk bars you can get full for a low price.
True. These are restaurants which offer delicious, filling and healthy food at budget-friendly prices

2. Answer the following questions according to the information given in the text. Use your own words.
(2 points)
a) What was the consequence of the Warsaw Uprising against the Germans? Students have to rephrase the
first text highlighted in yellow.
La respuesta está en el fragmento marcado en amarillo en el texto (pregunta 2a). Los alumnos tienen que usar
sus propias palabras.

b) How does the city of Warsaw pay tribute to Chopin? Students have to rephrase the second text highlighted in
yellow.
La respuesta está en el fragmento marcado en amarillo en el texto (pregunta 2b). Los alumnos tienen que usar
sus propias palabras

3. Find words or phrases in the text which mean the same as the following: (1 point)
a) in fact: actually c) did not succeed: failed
b) decreased: dropped d) impose a penalty, penalise: punish

OPTION B
Why people in Okinawa live longer than almost anyone on Earth

South of mainland Japan lies Okinawa, a group of islands known as the “land of the immortals” because
residents here have among the longest life spans. Okinawans have also been found to have low rates of heart
disease, stroke, cancer and diabetes. As researchers try to understand the reasons for the unusually long and
healthy lives of these island residents, they have become convinced that their diet is a key component.
The traditional local diet was highlighted by scientists as a diet that works well for human health and for
reducing the environmental impact of our food choices (pregunta 2a). Overall, their diet is a low-calorie, high-

OPCIÓN B AL DORSO
carbohydrate ― mainly due to the sweet potatoes ― moderate-protein and nutrient-rich diet, with sparse
amounts of meat, refined grains, sugar and dairy. One study found that the ratio of protein to carbohydrates in
the Okinawan diet (1:10) is nearly identical to the ratios in diets found to optimize life span.
In contrast, the typical U.S. diet lacks dietary fiber and a number of other nutrients. It also contains too much
saturated fat and salt. While many Okinawans practice what is called hara hachi bu, which means eat until you
are 80 percent full, many Americans consume a high number of calories. This kind of diet increases the risk of
obesity.
Another factor in explaining the long lives of the Okinawan population is well-being and purpose. A social role
and sense of belonging are seen as important as people get older. Certainly people who have stronger
networks and who feel they have a role appear to suffer less from age-related diseases (pregunta 2b)

1. Add True or False, quoting the relevant information from the text to justify your answer. (2 points)
a) The Okinawan diet is high-carbohydrate because it contains a lot of sugar.
FALSE. Overall, their diet is [a low-calorie], high-carbohydrate ― mainly due to the sweet potatoes
b) Okinawans always stop eating before they are full.
FALSE. While many Okinawans practice what is called hara hachi bu, which means eat until you are 80 percent
full

2. Answer the following questions according to the information given in the text. Use your own words.
(2 points)
a) According to scientists, what are the two benefits of the traditional Okinawan diet? Students have to rephrase
the first text highlighted in yellow.
La respuesta está en el fragmento marcado en amarillo en el texto (pregunta 2a). Los alumnos tienen que usar
sus propias palabras

b) In addition to the diet, are there other reasons why people in Okinawa live longer? Students have to rephrase
the second text highlighted in yellow.
La respuesta está en el fragmento marcado en amarillo en el texto (pregunta 2b). Los alumnos tienen que usar
sus propias palabras

3. Find words or phrases in the text which mean the same as the following: (1 point)
a) inhabitants: residents, population c) does not have: lacks
b) danger: risk d) emphasized, drawn attention to: highlighted

EJERCICIO 2. REPHRASING (2 points)

OPTION A

Complete the second sentence in each pair. The meaning should be the same as that of the first
sentence. (2 points)
a) Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel prize.
Before Marie Curie no (other) woman had (ever) won a Nobel prize (0.5). Pueden añadir “other” o “ever”,
pero no son necesarios.
b) It rained a lot during our holidays in Poland. However, we had a great time.
Even though it rained a lot during our holidays in Poland, we had a great time.
INCORRECTO: Even though we had a great time, it rained a lot during our holidays in Poland (0)
c) “How long have you been living in Warsaw”, he asked them.
He wanted to know how long they had been living in Warsaw.
d) In 1939 Nazi Germany bombed Warsaw heavily.
In 1939, Warsaw was bombed heavily by Nazi Germany.

OPTION B

Complete the second sentence in each pair. The meaning should be the same as that of the first
sentence. (2 points)
a) We have ordered too much food. We cannot eat everything.
I If we had not ordered so much food, we could eat everything.
If we had ordered less food, we could eat everything.
If we hadn't ordered so much food, we would be able to eat everything
b) Thanks to their healthy diet, people in Okinawa live longer than in other places.
As people in Okinawa have a healthy diet, they live longer than in other places.
c) The typical American diet contains more salt than the typical Okinawan diet.
The typical Okinawan diet doesn’t contain as much salt as the typical American diet.
d) If you do not reduce the quantity of fat and sugar that you eat, you will have health problems.
Unless you reduce the quantity of fat and sugar that you eat, you will have health problems.

EJERCICIO 3. WRITING (3 points)

OPTION A
Write a composition on the following: Describe the main attractions of a city you have visited. (80-120
words). (3 points)

OPTION B

Write a composition on the following: Should everyone become a vegetarian or a vegan? Give reasons to
justify your opinion. (80-120 words). (3 points)