BSC 3-7 PCJS Manuscript
BSC 3-7 PCJS Manuscript
Last pillar is the community, it bears emphasis that the administration of criminal justice is not the
exclusive responsibility of the police, the prosecutors, the judges, and the corrections personnel. “Out of
necessity,” it has been said, “the criminal justice system relies on citizen participation” Without the active
participation of the members of the community, the processes of the criminal justice system cannot
operate. (The police rely on citizens to report crimes and to assist them in the conduct of investigations.
The prosecutors and the judges depend upon citizens as witnesses in the prosecution of the offender. The
corrections’ staff trust them to support community-based corrections programs) (Puno, Contemporary
Problems in the Administration of Criminal Justice, CJ Journal, 1982, vol. 2).
The community is expected to formulate moral and ethical values, develop the environment for the
development of civic-spirited citizens, and observance of the Rule of Law. Public and private educational
institutions, parents and guardians, churches, religious organizations, civic associations, among others, are
collectively considered a component of the CJS, so are individual citizens who are supposed to prevent
crimes, report offenses to the authorities, make warrantless arrests in proper cases, give evidence in court
to put criminals behind bars, and help in the rehabilitation of offenders.
References:
https://www.unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/RS_No90/No90_22PA_Bravo.pdf
https://www.ombudsman.gov.ph/GAD/Laws%20and%20Mandates/republic_act_8353.pdf
https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/04/07/legal-advice/dearpao/is-it-possible-for-a-man-to-be-
raped/710565
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3067991/?fbclid=IwAR0ciWw2Uymz93EGE_JQMlYhb
SD8xgGlsYSyt33SO96362btCq-vFMuXFCI